Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
  • C09B5/00—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings
  • C09B5/24—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings the heterocyclic rings being only condensed with an anthraquinone nucleus in 1-2 or 2-3 position
  • C09B5/2409—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings the heterocyclic rings being only condensed with an anthraquinone nucleus in 1-2 or 2-3 position not provided for in one of the sub groups C09B5/26 - C09B5/62
  • C09B5/2418—Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings the heterocyclic rings being only condensed with an anthraquinone nucleus in 1-2 or 2-3 position not provided for in one of the sub groups C09B5/26 - C09B5/62 only oxygen-containing hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
  • C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
  • C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
  • C07C51/21—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen
  • C07C51/255—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting
  • C07C51/265—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting having alkyl side chains which are oxidised to carboxyl groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
  • C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
  • C07C51/27—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with oxides of nitrogen or nitrogen-containing mineral acids
  • C07C51/275—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation with oxides of nitrogen or nitrogen-containing mineral acids of hydrocarbyl groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
  • C07C51/54—Preparation of carboxylic acid anhydrides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
  • C07C51/54—Preparation of carboxylic acid anhydrides
  • C07C51/56—Preparation of carboxylic acid anhydrides from organic acids, their salts, their esters or their halides, e.g. by carboxylation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C65/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
  • C07C65/32—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups containing keto groups
  • C07C65/34—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups containing keto groups polycyclic

Definitions

• ABSTRACT A process for the production of an anthraquinone-2,3- dicarboxylic anhydride bearing chlorine as a substituent in the 1-position or in the land 4-positions by oxidation of a trimethyl compound of the formula:
• 1- chloroanthraquinone-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride or 1,4-dichloroanthraquinone-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride is obtained in a good yield.
• Each is a valuable dye intermediate.
• the invention relates to a process for the production of chloroanthraquinone-Z,3-dicarboxylic anhydrides.
• Solvents of high boiling point such as dichlorobenzene or trichlorobenzene and preferably an aliphatic carboxylic acid such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid or valeric acid are suitable as solvents for the oxidation with oxygen or air which are stable under the reaction conditions.
• the oxidation with air/oxygen is carried out at atmospheric pressure and conveniently at a temperature of from 120 to 180C using valeric acid or butyric acid as solvent. If the oxidation is carried out at superatmospheric pressure the oxidation takes place even at temperatures of 40C and at a satisfactory rate at temperatures above 80C. In this case the temperature range from 80 to 150C is preferred.
• the amount of solvent is generally from three to twenty times and preferably from 5 to 10 times that of the compound (II) to be oxidized.
• the manganese salts and cobalt salts to be used as catalysts are preferably used in the form of acetates and/or bromides, in the presence or absence of an alkali metal bromide.
• the amount of catalyst is generally from 0.1 to 10% by weight and preferably from 0.5 to 4% by weight based on the compound (II) to be oxidized.
• Oxidation of the trimethyl compound (11) with 10 to 30% by weight aqueous nitric acid is generally carried out at a temperature of from 150 to 250C and preferably at from 170 to 220C at superatmospheric pressure.
• the amount of nitric acid is as a rule from 2 to 10 moles and preferably from 2.5 to4' moles of nitric acid per equivalent of methyl groups.
• the reaction temperature depends on the concentration of the nitric acid used and particularly on the trimethyl compound (11) according to whether the latter contains one halogen atom or two halogen atoms in ortho-position to the methyl groups.
• An advantageous variant of the oxidation with nitric acid consists in carrying out the oxidation in two stages. First oxidation of the trimethyl compound (11) is begun at temperatures of from 100 to 150C and then the oxidation is completed at temperatures of from 170 to 220C. This oxidation in stages has the advantage that an about 5 to 15% higher yield of the tricarboxylic acid (111) is achieved and consequently a correspondingly increased yield of the chloroanthraquinone-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride is also achieved.
• Another variant of the oxidation of (ll) consists in first oxidizing the trimethyl compound (II) with air or oxygen at from 80 to 150C in an aliphatic carboxylic acid as described above until at least 3 moles of oxygen has been absorbed, precipitating the partially oxidized product for example by stirring the solution into water, isolating it and oxidizing (subsequent oxidation) the isolated partially oxidized products by a known method with permanganate in alkaline aqueous solution, with chromic acid in sulfuric acid or preferably with to 30% by weight aqueous nitric acid at superatmospheric pressure as described above to form the tricarboxylic acid.
• Subsequent oxidation with permanganate is carried out in 5 to by weight sodium carbonate solution in which the partially oxidized compound is dissolved.
• the solution is heated to boiling point and at least twice the equivalent amount of potassium permanganate for each methyl group to be oxidized is added.
• the manganese dioxide which has been deposited in the reaction is separated and the filtrate has concentrated hydrochloric acid added to it so that the tricarboxylic acid is precipitated.
• the precipitate is suction filtered, washed with a small amount of water and dried.
• the amount of nitric acid in the subsequent oxidation is generally from 2 to 10 moles and preferably from 2.5 to 4 moles per equivalent of methyl groups still present.
• the oxidation is carried out under the same conditions as oxidation in one stage.
• Cyclization of the tricarboxylic acid (lIl) obtained by oxidation is carried out by means of a watereliminating agent such as polyphosphoric acid or preferably concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum with up to by weight of sulfur trioxide.
• a watereliminating agent such as polyphosphoric acid or preferably concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum with up to by weight of sulfur trioxide.
• the water-eliminating agent is generally used in an amount which is 3 to 25 times and preferably from 5 to 10 times the weight of the tricarboxylic acid (111).
• concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum it is convenient to use an excess of acid which serves at the same, time as a solvent.
• the cyclization may also be carried out in an inert organic solvent such as trichlorobenzene or nitrobenzene.
• an inert organic solvent such as trichlorobenzene or nitrobenzene.
• the amount of solvent is conveniently from 3 to 25 times that of the tricarboxylic acid.
• Oxidation of benzophenones bearing methyl groups as substituents into the corresponding carboxylic acids is known in principle for example from US. Pat. No. 2,967,187. This patent however relates only to benzophenones which contain only methyl groups as substituents. According to Houben-Weyl, Methoden der organischen Chemie, 4th edition, volume 8 (1957), pages 387 and 388, it was to be expected that the oxidation of methyl groups attached to aromatic nuclei would not take place if halogen and methyl are in the orthoposition to one another.
• trimethyl compounds of formula (11) cannot be oxidized direct into the corresponding tricarboxylic acids either with chromic acid in sulfuric acid or acetic acid or else with permanganate in alkaline or acid solution. It could therefore not be foreseen that oxidation with air or oxygen in the presence of manganese salts and/or cobalt salts in aliphatic carboxylic acids or the oxidation with nitric acid would result in the tricarboxylic acids.
• the products of the process are intermediates for the production of valuable disperse dyes and vat dyes.
• EXAMPLE 3 Oxidation with nitric acid in two temperature stages 20 parts of 2,5-dichloro-3,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone in 120 parts of water and 28 parts of nitric acid
• EXAMPLE 4 Preoxidation with oxygen followed by afteroxidation with potassium permanganate 30 parts of 2,5-dichloro-3,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone is preoxidized as described in Example 1 and further oxidized as follows: the partially oxidized compound is taken up in 200 parts of water, 24 parts of so- 6 dium carbonate is added and the whole is heated to to C. A total of 20 parts of potassium permanganate is added to this solution over three hours.
• Y Y X H CH in which the group Y Y' O H H is or and X have the above meanings is oxidized into the tricarboxylic acid by oxidation with'air, oxygen or a mixture of the same or with to 30% by weight nitric acid and the oxidation product is cyclized by means of a water-eliminating agent at l20 to 280C. 0

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• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
• Furan Compounds (AREA)

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Citations (4)

• 1972
  • 1972-11-18 DE DE2256663A patent/DE2256663A1/de active Pending
• 1973
  • 1973-11-15 FR FR7340645A patent/FR2207118B3/fr not_active Expired
  • 1973-11-15 CH CH1610873A patent/CH589638A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1973-11-16 IT IT53747/73A patent/IT1000108B/it active
  • 1973-11-16 GB GB5322373A patent/GB1444114A/en not_active Expired
  • 1973-11-19 JP JP48129288A patent/JPS4981359A/ja active Pending
  • 1973-11-19 US US417122A patent/US3923838A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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