US3922861A - Floating marine barrage - Google Patents

Floating marine barrage Download PDF

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Publication number
US3922861A
US3922861A US480868A US48086874A US3922861A US 3922861 A US3922861 A US 3922861A US 480868 A US480868 A US 480868A US 48086874 A US48086874 A US 48086874A US 3922861 A US3922861 A US 3922861A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
barrage
tube
orifices
buoyancy chamber
marine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US480868A
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English (en)
Inventor
Andre Grihangne
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR7322756A external-priority patent/FR2234781A5/fr
Priority claimed from FR7415287A external-priority patent/FR2279889A2/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
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Publication of US3922861A publication Critical patent/US3922861A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E02B15/0814—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material with underwater curtains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E02B15/0835—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material fixed to permanent structure, e.g. harbour wall or river bank
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E02B15/0857—Buoyancy material
    • E02B15/0864—Air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inflatable marine anti-pollution barrage for confining floating slicks of hydrocarbons.
  • a floating marine barrage of adjustable draught comprising a single, ballasted, flexible, tube having a crosssection which exhibits a buoyancy chamber which assumes the shape of an inverted tear drop with an upper buoyance compartment and a narrower ballasted lower end, and at least one air inlet at one of the ends of the tube, whereby the amount of air blown into the interior of the tube enables its immersion to be adjusted.
  • the barrage according to the invention can be stored by winding it on a horizontal drum. Its ability to float is obtained by blowing air into the end by which it is uncoiled from the drum, for example under the action of the traction exerted by a tug-boat in the course of launching the barrage which can thus be extremely fast.
  • the barrage can be retracted by means of the same drum while the air trapped in the tube is gradually expelled during the winding up operation.
  • the tear drop equilibrium shape assumed by the air tube depends both on the amount of air blown into the barrage and the linear density of the ballast secured to the lower edge.
  • the user has the possibility of regulating the height of the emergent portion of the barrage and consequently its draught, thereby enabling optimum adjustment of the device to be achieved having regard to the state of the water level and the intensity of the wind prevailing in the locality.
  • the barrage is equipped with metallic ballast plates which are regularly spaced and positioned in sandwich formation at the joint of the two edges of the flexible sheet constituting the structure.
  • metallic ballast plates which are regularly spaced and positioned in sandwich formation at the joint of the two edges of the flexible sheet constituting the structure.
  • the flat deflated section of the barrage progressively transforms to firstly the shape of an inverted tear drop and then the form of a tennis racket during the launching operation.
  • Inflation is achieved by means of a fan installed on the tug which pulls the free end of the barrage.
  • the upper portion balloons" under the pressure exerted by the inflating air and forms the float while the lower portion is pulled by the ballast to be progressively flattened because of the hydrostatic pressure gradient and thereby forms the vertically submerged barrier.
  • the longitudinal buoyancy stability of the barrage may be obtained by uniformly spaced baffles which partition the ballooning buoyancy chamber portion of the structure into compartments and permit free communication between the compartments at the lower portion of the baffles, and allow circulation of the air blown over all the length of the barrage.
  • the barrage may suitably further comprise a flexible apron interposed between the said tube and the ballasting, this apron incorporating a ballasted traction chain or belt and the inflation pressure of the buoyancy chamber being regulated by communicating said conduit with the external water via a certain number of orifices in the lower wall of said conduit and each opening into a respective bellows attached to the wall of the tube, those bellows being closed at their upper ends and open at their lower ends.
  • a floating marine barrage including an elongate buoyance chamber, and a venting device for expelling air from the buoyancy chamber to enable the barrage to sink to the bottom when the venting device is open and make possible its surfacing and stabilisation when the venting device is closed, said venting device comprising: a succession of single or multiple orifices in the upper wall of each of the compartments of the buoyancy chamber and a flexible, flattenable pipe which closes the orifices when the pipe is inflated and opens the orifices when the pipe is deflated.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view, partially sectional, of an end portion of the barrage placed flat and deflated, and comprising the connection of the air inflation tube;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a run of the barrage taken along line II--II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2a is a sectional view of a run of the barrage along line II-II when the barrage floats after air has been blown into t he inflation conduit;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of FIG. 1 when the barrage is placed flat and deflated;
  • FIG. 3a is a sectional view along line III-III of FIG. 1 when the barrage floats after air has been blown into the inflation conduit;
  • FIG. 4 is a view from above and in partial section, showing the barrage of FIG. 1 when floating after air has been blown into the inflation conduit;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view with portions broken away showing one embodiment of a compartmented section of barrage equipped with the inflation device, the device for adjusting the pressure in the compartments, and the two traction belts, with the lower belt ballasted;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view with portions broken away of a further embodiment equipped with chains instead of belts and further provided with the device for expelling air from the floatation conduit from the purposes of immersing the barrage;
  • FIG. 7 is an illustration of the mode of anchoring the end of the barrage to a quay
  • FIG. 8 is an illustration of the disposition of the barrage used to confine a possible polluting slick.
  • FIG. 9 is a vertical section of FIG. 8.
  • FIGS. 1, 2, 2a, 3, 3a and 4 show a barrage according to the invention which is comprissed of a coated fabric 1 folded on itself and having the edges 2 and 2a rendered integral in a suitable manner such as by gluing, welding or sewing, depending on the nature of the coating material which may be an elastomer or a heatweldable film, Small metal ballast plates 3 are set into the joint 4 of the edges 2 and 2a.
  • traction rings 5 and 5a are fastened to the flexible envelope l by glued, welded or sewn straps 6. These rings are used for a suitable device towing the barrage and for anchoring the barrage when it has been positioned.
  • This end of the barrage is extended by a triangle of fabric which forms the opening 7 for the inflation pipe 8.
  • the portion 9 of the barrage which balloons upon inflation comprises baffles 10 obtained by local integration of the two flatly superimposed folds of the envelope 1.
  • baffles 10 serve to separate compartments l1 and are regularly spaced along the entire length of the barrage at the upper portions of the compartments, the intercommunication of the compartments at their lower portions being ensured by passages 12 which open as the inflation air enters the barrage from the pipe 8.
  • This arrangement ensures the horizontal stabilising of the barrage by ensuring distribution of the buoyancy over the entire length of the barrage.
  • the fabric 1 forming the flexible structure of the barrage is:
  • assembly can be made by a rapid and inexpensive method such as high frequency welding or hot air welding.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a barrage according to the invention which comprises a coated fabric 1 folded and welded together at 18 so as to form a buoyancy chamber 9 and the barrier 13.
  • a flexible tube 14 which feeds air through the orifices 15 into the compartments 11 of the buoyancy chamber.
  • a traction belt or chain 16 is disposed at the upper portion of the barrier 13 in a duct 17 formed by a flap of the fabric 1 between the welds 19 and 19 of the fabric.
  • a ballasted belt or chain 16a is disposed in a hem at the lower portion of the barrier 13.
  • Staggered orifices 20 along the buoyancy chamber 9 each open into the upper portion of resepctive bellows 21 which are welded to the envelope 1 and are closed at their upper portions and open at their lower ends 22. These bellows ensure the regulation of the air pressure in the conduit to a value determined by the hydrostatic pressure prevailing at their lower ends.
  • FIG. 6 shows an alternative form of barrage according to the invention which comprises, in addition to the devices illustrated in FIG. 5, an embodiment of a device for controlling the submerging of the barrage.
  • This device comprises a flattenable flexible tube 23 which passes along the upper portion of the buoyancy chamber 9 at the top of T-shaped baffles 10 compartmenting the buoyancy chamber. Upwardly of this tube are orifices 24 in the envelope 1 which are shut by pressurisation of the air within the tube 23 causing the tube to contact intimately the contours of the orifices 24.
  • FIG. 7 shows in detail the anchoring of the barrage end to a quay 25.
  • a pipe 26 is vertically secured along the wall of the quay by fastenings 27 and 27a disposed above the high water mark level.
  • the barrage In active state the barrage is held vertical by virtue of rings 28 amd 28a threaded around the pipe 26 and integral with the traction chains or belts 16 and 16a which slidingly permit the barrage to rise and fall with the tide or the swell between the high water level 36 and the lowest water level 37.
  • a cable 33 having one end hooked to a ballast resting on the bottom or to a suspended deadweight 30 and the other end secured to a tensioning system secured to the upper portion of the pipe 26, acts as an extension of the vertical guiding function of the pipe 26 down to the sea or river bed, the lower portion of the pipe 36 being to this end equipped with a conical finger 35.
  • Flexible hoses l4 and 23 are mounted on an automatic coiling drum 38 so as to follow the vertical movements of the barrage.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate the disposition of the barrage according to the invention to ensure that a polluting slick is confined.
  • a tanker 29 moored at its loading or unloading station is surrounded by the barrage which is anchored by its two ends to the quay 25 as described in FIG. 7 and retained at the bottom by deadweights 30 by means of chains 31.
  • the barrage according to the invention permits remote control of the barrage between the two extreme situations namely (a) lying flat on the bottom of the sea, or (b) floating in operative state.
  • a floatable marine barrage including an elongate buoyancy chamber, and vent means comprising means defining a succession of orifices in the upper portion of said buoyancy chamber for expelling air from the buoyancy chamber when the vent means is open, a flexible inflatable pipe for closing the orifices when inflated and for opening the orifices when deflated, and means for positioning said pipe adjacent said succession of orifices.
  • a floatable marine barrage of adjustable draft comrpising a single flexible tube having a cross-section in the shape of an inverted tear drop, with an upper buoyancy chamber, ballast means in the lower end of said tube, at least one inlet at one of the ends of said tube for admitting inflation air into the interior of said tube whereby the extent of its immersion may be adjusted, means defining a plurality of orifices in the lower portion of said tube, and bellows means attached to said tube, said bellows means having closed upper portions and open lower ends, each said orifice opening into the upper portionof a respective bellows means to enable the inflation pressure of said buoyancy chamber to be controlled in response to the hydrostatic pressure prevailing at the lower end of said fellows means.
  • a floatable marine barrage of adjustable draft comprising: a single flexible tube having a cross-section in the shape of an inverted tear drop, with an upper buoyancy chamber, ballast means in the lower end of said tube, at least one inlet at one of the ends of said tube for admitting inlation air into the interior of said tube whereby the extent of its immersion may be adjusted, baffle means distributed along the length of said tube and spaced from the top of said buoyancy chamber to define therewith a plurality of passages and further to define compartments to ensure uniformity of immersion and horizontal stability of said tube, said baffle means comprising integration of discrete portions of opposed internal surfaces of said tube, means for evacuating air confined in said buoyancy chamber to enable it to sink, said evacuation means including further means defining a succession of orifices in said passages above said baffle means, and a flexible hose extending along in said passages whereby inflating and deflating said hose controls closing and opening, respectively, of said orifices.
  • a floatable marine barrage comprising: a flexible tube having a cross-section in the shape of an inverted tear drop and defining at least one buoyancy chamber,
  • ballast means in the lower end of said tube, means for admitting inflation air into the interior of said tube whereby the extent of its immersion may be adjusted, means defining at least one orifice in the lower portion of the wall of said tube, at least one bellows means attached to the wall of the barrage and having a closed upper end and an open lower end, said orifice opening into the upper portion of said bellows means to enable the inflation pressure of the buoyancy chamber to be controlled in response to the hydrostatic pressure prevailing at said open lower end of said bellows means.
US480868A 1973-06-21 1974-06-19 Floating marine barrage Expired - Lifetime US3922861A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7322756A FR2234781A5 (en) 1973-06-21 1973-06-21 Sea barrier against oil slick contamination - floating flexible barrier is height and length adjustable
FR7415287A FR2279889A2 (fr) 1974-05-02 1974-05-02 Barrage marin flottant souple anti-pollution a tirant d'eau reglable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3922861A true US3922861A (en) 1975-12-02

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US480868A Expired - Lifetime US3922861A (en) 1973-06-21 1974-06-19 Floating marine barrage

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3922861A (ru)
JP (1) JPS5654406B2 (ru)
BR (1) BR7405069D0 (ru)
CA (1) CA1026957A (ru)
DE (1) DE2429868A1 (ru)
GB (1) GB1465634A (ru)
IT (1) IT1015309B (ru)
NL (1) NL7408400A (ru)
SU (1) SU610492A3 (ru)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3998060A (en) * 1976-04-14 1976-12-21 Paul Preus Barrier for water carried pollutants
US4084380A (en) * 1976-06-03 1978-04-18 Ab Sjuntorp Oil fence
US4129989A (en) * 1977-04-19 1978-12-19 Conwed Corporation Ballasted floating barrier boom
US4280438A (en) * 1978-03-06 1981-07-28 Robert Jackson Boat hull anti-fouling shroud
US4484836A (en) * 1982-07-26 1984-11-27 Bailard James A Pneumatic spar sediment control curtain
US4693200A (en) * 1985-11-27 1987-09-15 Noble Boyd Enterpises Apparatus for enclosing a boat hull
WO1991000393A1 (en) * 1989-06-28 1991-01-10 A/S Roulunds Fabriker Floating boom
WO1991007546A1 (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-05-30 Berg Marine A/S Floating barrage
US5064309A (en) * 1990-07-12 1991-11-12 Dickie Gerald M Dockside spill containment system
US5102261A (en) * 1990-01-16 1992-04-07 Peratrovich, Nottingham & Drage, Inc. Floating containment boom
US5154537A (en) * 1991-05-28 1992-10-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Barrier curtain
US5312204A (en) * 1989-10-19 1994-05-17 Oil Stop, Inc. Floating barrier apparatus
US5346329A (en) * 1989-10-19 1994-09-13 Oil Stop, Inc. Floating barrier method and apparatus
WO2003080938A1 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-02 Georg Parmann Device of a fender system
US20040120770A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-06-24 Kunio Miyazaki Containment boom
US20040139898A1 (en) * 2003-01-21 2004-07-22 Srinath Tupil Flexible fluid containment vessel featuring a keel-like seam
US20050252047A1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-11-17 Dreyer Harold B Submersible boom gate
US10100480B2 (en) * 2016-06-01 2018-10-16 Trendsetter Engineering, Inc. Subsea booming system and method for deploying a subsea booming system

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5387526A (en) * 1976-09-27 1978-08-02 Chiyoda Metals Semiipermeable sheet for building and method making same sheet
FR2378904A1 (fr) * 1976-11-03 1978-08-25 Julian Yvon Barrage flottant a geometrie variable
US4188155A (en) * 1978-08-08 1980-02-12 Hillel P Containment boom
NO159202C (no) * 1985-07-04 1988-12-07 Steffensen Else Anordning for sammenskjoeting av to eller flere fleksible,oppblaasbare elementer.
CN108930248B (zh) * 2018-07-17 2020-05-05 舟山君耀科技发展有限公司 一种带发电式围油装置的码头

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3491023A (en) * 1967-12-01 1970-01-20 Submersible Systems Inc Process for containment and deflection of aqueous surface pollutants
US3613377A (en) * 1969-07-30 1971-10-19 Ramon Earl Zaugg Multichamber floating barrier
US3641771A (en) * 1969-08-14 1972-02-15 David M Johnson Apparatus and method for confining and collecting oil floating on a water surface
US3779020A (en) * 1971-03-20 1973-12-18 Bridgestone Tire Co Ltd Immersible oil fence assembly
US3792589A (en) * 1972-01-17 1974-02-19 Chevron Res Floating barrier

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3491023A (en) * 1967-12-01 1970-01-20 Submersible Systems Inc Process for containment and deflection of aqueous surface pollutants
US3613377A (en) * 1969-07-30 1971-10-19 Ramon Earl Zaugg Multichamber floating barrier
US3641771A (en) * 1969-08-14 1972-02-15 David M Johnson Apparatus and method for confining and collecting oil floating on a water surface
US3779020A (en) * 1971-03-20 1973-12-18 Bridgestone Tire Co Ltd Immersible oil fence assembly
US3792589A (en) * 1972-01-17 1974-02-19 Chevron Res Floating barrier

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3998060A (en) * 1976-04-14 1976-12-21 Paul Preus Barrier for water carried pollutants
US4084380A (en) * 1976-06-03 1978-04-18 Ab Sjuntorp Oil fence
US4129989A (en) * 1977-04-19 1978-12-19 Conwed Corporation Ballasted floating barrier boom
US4280438A (en) * 1978-03-06 1981-07-28 Robert Jackson Boat hull anti-fouling shroud
US4484836A (en) * 1982-07-26 1984-11-27 Bailard James A Pneumatic spar sediment control curtain
US4693200A (en) * 1985-11-27 1987-09-15 Noble Boyd Enterpises Apparatus for enclosing a boat hull
WO1991000393A1 (en) * 1989-06-28 1991-01-10 A/S Roulunds Fabriker Floating boom
US5346329A (en) * 1989-10-19 1994-09-13 Oil Stop, Inc. Floating barrier method and apparatus
US5312204A (en) * 1989-10-19 1994-05-17 Oil Stop, Inc. Floating barrier apparatus
US5310283A (en) * 1989-11-17 1994-05-10 Berg Marine A/S Floating barrage
WO1991007546A1 (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-05-30 Berg Marine A/S Floating barrage
US5102261A (en) * 1990-01-16 1992-04-07 Peratrovich, Nottingham & Drage, Inc. Floating containment boom
WO1992001119A1 (en) * 1990-07-12 1992-01-23 Dickie Gerald M Dockside spill containment system
US5064309A (en) * 1990-07-12 1991-11-12 Dickie Gerald M Dockside spill containment system
US5154537A (en) * 1991-05-28 1992-10-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Barrier curtain
WO2003080938A1 (en) * 2002-03-27 2003-10-02 Georg Parmann Device of a fender system
US20040120770A1 (en) * 2002-12-20 2004-06-24 Kunio Miyazaki Containment boom
US6854927B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2005-02-15 Kunio Miyazaki Containment boom
US20040139898A1 (en) * 2003-01-21 2004-07-22 Srinath Tupil Flexible fluid containment vessel featuring a keel-like seam
US7775171B2 (en) * 2003-01-21 2010-08-17 Albany International Corp. Flexible fluid containment vessel featuring a keel-like seam
US20050252047A1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2005-11-17 Dreyer Harold B Submersible boom gate
US7134807B2 (en) * 2004-03-31 2006-11-14 Gunderboom, Inc. Submersible boom gate
EP1735226A1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2006-12-27 Gunderboom, Inc. Submersible boom gate
EP1735226A4 (en) * 2004-03-31 2009-11-04 Gunderboom Inc SUBMERSIBLE DAM
US10100480B2 (en) * 2016-06-01 2018-10-16 Trendsetter Engineering, Inc. Subsea booming system and method for deploying a subsea booming system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7408400A (ru) 1974-12-24
DE2429868A1 (de) 1975-01-23
IT1015309B (it) 1977-05-10
JPS5654406B2 (ru) 1981-12-25
SU610492A3 (ru) 1978-06-05
JPS5032742A (ru) 1975-03-29
BR7405069D0 (pt) 1975-10-07
CA1026957A (en) 1978-02-28
GB1465634A (en) 1977-02-23

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