US3919855A - Cryogenic storage tanks - Google Patents

Cryogenic storage tanks Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3919855A
US3919855A US412894A US41289473A US3919855A US 3919855 A US3919855 A US 3919855A US 412894 A US412894 A US 412894A US 41289473 A US41289473 A US 41289473A US 3919855 A US3919855 A US 3919855A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cryogenic storage
storage tank
tank according
chamber
interior
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US412894A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frederick Henry Turner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Simon Carves Ltd
Carves Simon Ltd
Original Assignee
Carves Simon Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carves Simon Ltd filed Critical Carves Simon Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3919855A publication Critical patent/US3919855A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/022—Land-based bulk storage containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/126—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for large storage containers for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0678—Concrete
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/901—Liquified gas content, cryogenic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/918—Spacing element for separating the walls of a spaced-wall container

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A cryogenic storage tank for the storage of low temperature liquids, such as liquefied petroleum gas or liquefied natural gas for example, at or about atmospheric pressure and of the kind having a doubleskinned wall whose cavity is packed with insulating material, and characterised in that a non-toxic non- .combustible gas is stored at an elevated pressure in a chamber defined by the cavity between the inner and outer skins of the side wall of the tank.
  • CRYOGENIC STORAGE TANKS This invention concerns cryogenic storage tanks for the storage of low temperature liquids, such as lique' fied petroleum gas or liquefied natural gas for example, at or about atmospheric pressure and of the kind having a double-skinned side wall whose cavity is packed with insulating material.
  • a cryogenic storage tank of the kind referred to is characterized in that a non-toxic non-combustible gas is stored at an elevated pressure in a chamber defined by the cavity between the inner and outer skins of the side wall of the tank.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic partially cut-away perspective view of the tank
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed cross-section through part of the tank of FIG. 1, and on an enlarged scale.
  • cryogenic storage tank is essentially comprised by an insulating circular base generally indicated at 10, a cylindrical side wall comprised by inner and outer skins 11 and 12 respectively defining a cavity 13 therebetween, and a domed roof generally indicated at 14.
  • both the inner and outer skins l1 and 12 of the cylindrical wall are formed from concrete.
  • the inner skin 11 is pre-stressed so as to place it initially in compression and the outer skin 12 may be reinforced or pre-stressed.
  • upper and lower annular seals 15 and 16 are provided between the inner and outer skins 1 1 and 12 at the top and bottom of the side wall respectively.
  • the seals 15 and 16 are formed from flexible stainless steel members of U- shaped cross-section.
  • the cavity 13 between the inner and outer skins 11 and 12 of the side wall is packed with a powdered insulant such as exfoliated mineral ore to reduce leakage of heat into the interior of the tank.
  • a line 17 communicates with the annular chamber defined between the inner and outer skins 11 and 12 of the side wall and the upper and lower seals 15 and 16 via a stop valve 18, by means of which the chamber aforesaid can be pressurized with a non-toxic non-combustible gas, such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide for example.
  • a non-toxic non-combustible gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide for example.
  • Pipes 19 are provided and extend downwardly through the roof 14 at a plurality of circumferentially spaced intervals therearound. Each pipe U communicates with the pressurized chamber through the upper seal member via an expansion bellows and filter 20. Each of the pipes 19 vents to atmosphere via a pressure-relief valve 21.
  • the domed roof 14 of the tank incorporates a plurality of safety valves 22 for the relief of pressure from the interior of the tank should any pressure surge occur, as for example, in the event of fire or for any other reason.
  • a line 23 is led from each of the outlet pipes from the interior of the tank to the safety valves 22 to an associated one of the pipes 19 via an expansion bellows 24 and remotely operable valve 25.
  • Each line 23 communicates with its pipe 19 at a position beneath the pressure-relief valve 21.
  • the valves 25 are arranged to be opened either manually (from a remote position) or automatically in the event of the safety valves 22 opening.
  • a relatively high volume of inert gas is mixed in with the escaping flammable gas thereby minimizing the risk of fire of explosion.
  • the outer skin of the side wall of the tank need not be of concrete construction but may be formed from steel sheets.
  • a cryogenic storage tank including a side wall comprising an inner skin defining a low temperature liquid tank interior for storing said low temperature liquid at about atmospheric pressure, an outer skin forming an exterior wall of said tank, and means for preventing leakage of contents from said tank interior through said inner skin comprising a chamber defined by said inner and outer skins and a quantity of a non-toxic noncombustible gas stored at sufficiently above atmospheric pressure in said chamber to assure that any leakage occuring through said inner skin is only gas from said chamber to the contents in said tank interior and that leakage of contents from said tank interior through said inner skin is prevented due to the pressure of said gas between said inner and outer skins of the side wall of the tank.
  • a cryogenic storage tank according to claim 1 wherein said gas is stored at a pressure of up to ten atmospheres.
  • each said seal is formed from flexible stainless steel and is of U-shaped cross-section.
  • a cryogenic storage tank according to claim 1 wherein at least one pipe extends from said chamber and vents to atmosphere via a pressure-relief valve.
  • a cryogenic storage tank according to claim 6 wherein at least one pipe extends from said chamber and vents to atmosphere via a pressure-relief valve.
  • a cryogenic storage tank according to claim 1 wherein at least one line extends from the interior of said tank and vents to atmosphere via a normally closed safety valve, there being a pipe extending from said chamber to said line via valve means.
  • a cryogenic storage tank wherein at least one line extends from the interior of said tank and vents to atmosphere via a normally closed safety valve, there being a pipe extending from said chamber to said line via valve means.
  • a cryogenic storage tank wherein at least one line extends from the interior of said tank and vents to atmosphere via a normally closed safety valve, there being a pipe extending from said chamber to said line via valve means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US412894A 1972-12-02 1973-11-05 Cryogenic storage tanks Expired - Lifetime US3919855A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5575772A GB1433486A (en) 1972-12-02 1972-12-02 Cryogenic storage tanks

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3919855A true US3919855A (en) 1975-11-18

Family

ID=10474803

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US412894A Expired - Lifetime US3919855A (en) 1972-12-02 1973-11-05 Cryogenic storage tanks

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3919855A (es)
JP (1) JPS4996308A (es)
BE (1) BE807486A (es)
CH (1) CH577659A5 (es)
DE (1) DE2357352A1 (es)
ES (1) ES421066A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2209070B1 (es)
GB (1) GB1433486A (es)
IE (1) IE38591B1 (es)
IT (1) IT1001766B (es)
NL (1) NL7315439A (es)
NO (1) NO134766C (es)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4075264A (en) * 1976-04-02 1978-02-21 The Dow Chemical Company Method of insulating a container
DE3025619A1 (de) * 1980-07-05 1982-02-04 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München Doppelwandiger behaelter fuer fluessiggas
US4364487A (en) * 1980-12-03 1982-12-21 Huguette Drumare Safety device against overpressures
US4404843A (en) * 1981-07-20 1983-09-20 Marathon Oil Company Cryogenic storage tank leak detection system
US4871087A (en) * 1988-04-04 1989-10-03 Johnson David S Reusable container dispenser for ultra high purity chemicals and method of storage
US5140821A (en) * 1990-12-03 1992-08-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus and methods for thermal protection of liquid containers
US5255722A (en) * 1992-03-12 1993-10-26 Envirex Inc. Vaporless liquid containment system
US6341572B1 (en) * 1999-03-03 2002-01-29 Fmc Corporation Explosion prevention system for internal turret mooring system
US20080035238A1 (en) * 2004-11-23 2008-02-14 Keip Charles P Pressurized hydrogen storage system
US20080307798A1 (en) * 2007-06-12 2008-12-18 Yang Luo Cryogenic liquid tank and method
CN102767691A (zh) * 2012-07-27 2012-11-07 新兴能源装备股份有限公司 自紧式快装防爆抽真空装置
US8857650B2 (en) 2009-01-15 2014-10-14 Iglo Contractors As Cryogenic liquid storage tank
US10982812B2 (en) 2016-03-04 2021-04-20 Ilc Dover Ip, Inc. Collapsible cryogenic storage vessel
US20220049818A1 (en) * 2018-12-19 2022-02-17 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Method for detecting a leak in a sealed and thermally insulating tank

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52100705A (en) * 1976-02-20 1977-08-24 Chiyoda Chem Eng Construct Co Foundation portion for tank bottom
AT397847B (de) * 1992-12-21 1994-07-25 Steyr Daimler Puch Ag Tieftemperatur - isolation und mit einer solchen versehene gegenstände
FR2754038B1 (fr) * 1996-10-02 1999-03-26 Reunionnaise Des Produits Petr Reservoir pour gaz de petrole liquefie
CN110173621A (zh) * 2019-06-03 2019-08-27 苏州制氧机股份有限公司 平底立式双壁液化天然气储罐
FR3107111B1 (fr) * 2020-02-10 2022-07-29 Air Liquide Boîte froide

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1533309A (en) * 1922-10-05 1925-04-14 William E Durborow Safety device for gasoline tanks
US2153555A (en) * 1936-12-15 1939-04-11 Daniel V Gallery Gasoline storage tank explosionhazard eliminating device
US2406540A (en) * 1943-08-19 1946-08-27 Standard Oil Dev Co Method of reducing evaporation losses
US2601763A (en) * 1949-01-03 1952-07-01 Peff Peter Apparatus for dispensing a liquefied gas
US2777295A (en) * 1952-09-12 1957-01-15 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Concrete reservoir for liquefied gases
US2916889A (en) * 1955-07-14 1959-12-15 Phillips Petroleum Co Automatic purging of liquid methane tanks
US2999366A (en) * 1958-12-19 1961-09-12 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Insulated cryogenic storage tank
US3191395A (en) * 1963-07-31 1965-06-29 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Apparatus for storing liquefied gas near atmospheric pressure

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1533309A (en) * 1922-10-05 1925-04-14 William E Durborow Safety device for gasoline tanks
US2153555A (en) * 1936-12-15 1939-04-11 Daniel V Gallery Gasoline storage tank explosionhazard eliminating device
US2406540A (en) * 1943-08-19 1946-08-27 Standard Oil Dev Co Method of reducing evaporation losses
US2601763A (en) * 1949-01-03 1952-07-01 Peff Peter Apparatus for dispensing a liquefied gas
US2777295A (en) * 1952-09-12 1957-01-15 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Concrete reservoir for liquefied gases
US2916889A (en) * 1955-07-14 1959-12-15 Phillips Petroleum Co Automatic purging of liquid methane tanks
US2999366A (en) * 1958-12-19 1961-09-12 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Insulated cryogenic storage tank
US3191395A (en) * 1963-07-31 1965-06-29 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Apparatus for storing liquefied gas near atmospheric pressure

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4075264A (en) * 1976-04-02 1978-02-21 The Dow Chemical Company Method of insulating a container
DE3025619A1 (de) * 1980-07-05 1982-02-04 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München Doppelwandiger behaelter fuer fluessiggas
US4364487A (en) * 1980-12-03 1982-12-21 Huguette Drumare Safety device against overpressures
US4404843A (en) * 1981-07-20 1983-09-20 Marathon Oil Company Cryogenic storage tank leak detection system
US4871087A (en) * 1988-04-04 1989-10-03 Johnson David S Reusable container dispenser for ultra high purity chemicals and method of storage
US5140821A (en) * 1990-12-03 1992-08-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus and methods for thermal protection of liquid containers
US5255722A (en) * 1992-03-12 1993-10-26 Envirex Inc. Vaporless liquid containment system
US5343908A (en) * 1992-03-12 1994-09-06 Envirex Inc. Vaporless liquid containment system
US6341572B1 (en) * 1999-03-03 2002-01-29 Fmc Corporation Explosion prevention system for internal turret mooring system
US20080035238A1 (en) * 2004-11-23 2008-02-14 Keip Charles P Pressurized hydrogen storage system
US7337811B1 (en) 2004-11-23 2008-03-04 Keip Charles P Pressurized hydrogen storage system
US20080307798A1 (en) * 2007-06-12 2008-12-18 Yang Luo Cryogenic liquid tank and method
US8857650B2 (en) 2009-01-15 2014-10-14 Iglo Contractors As Cryogenic liquid storage tank
CN102767691A (zh) * 2012-07-27 2012-11-07 新兴能源装备股份有限公司 自紧式快装防爆抽真空装置
CN102767691B (zh) * 2012-07-27 2013-10-16 新兴能源装备股份有限公司 自紧式快装防爆抽真空装置
US10982812B2 (en) 2016-03-04 2021-04-20 Ilc Dover Ip, Inc. Collapsible cryogenic storage vessel
US20220049818A1 (en) * 2018-12-19 2022-02-17 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Method for detecting a leak in a sealed and thermally insulating tank
US11959593B2 (en) * 2018-12-19 2024-04-16 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Method for detecting a leak in a sealed and thermally insulating tank

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE807486A (fr) 1974-03-15
FR2209070A1 (es) 1974-06-28
NO134766C (es) 1976-12-08
FR2209070B1 (es) 1976-10-08
JPS4996308A (es) 1974-09-12
NO134766B (es) 1976-08-30
CH577659A5 (es) 1976-07-15
GB1433486A (en) 1976-04-28
NL7315439A (es) 1974-06-05
IE38591B1 (en) 1978-04-12
IE38591L (en) 1974-06-02
DE2357352A1 (de) 1974-06-06
ES421066A1 (es) 1976-06-16
IT1001766B (it) 1976-04-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3919855A (en) Cryogenic storage tanks
US2290038A (en) Insulated tank car
US2777295A (en) Concrete reservoir for liquefied gases
US2897657A (en) Storage and transportation of liquefied gas
GB1082779A (en) Insulation foundation for low temperature and cryogenic storage tanks
US3791164A (en) Cryogenic storage tank facility with dike wall cooled by leaking liquefied gas
US3322141A (en) Containment vessels
US3559835A (en) Insulated storage tank with insulation restrained against settling because of metal contraction
US2937780A (en) Housing for cold boiling liquids
US3319433A (en) Rectangular dewar
GB1423295A (en) Method of constructing a low temperature liquefied gas tank of a membrane type
CA1045061A (en) Insulated tank
US3457622A (en) Method of installing a sealing means in a cryogenic tanker construction
GB1368608A (en) Low temperature liquefied gas tank of a membrane type
US3181589A (en) Apparatus for the storage and burning of a fluid under pressure
US3770158A (en) Device for protecting the environment of a tank against failures thereof
US3326011A (en) Cryogenic storage facility
US3406526A (en) Double walled cryogenic vessel
US3159005A (en) Insulation system for low temperature service
US3059804A (en) Safety device for insulated tank
CA1187261A (en) Liquid storage tank conduit connection
KR20200088525A (ko) 액화 가스 운반선용 액화 가스 저장 탱크용 불활성화 장치
US4404988A (en) Pressure seated closure for containment drain
US3687149A (en) Depressuring system for relieving tank anchor bolt load in case of fire
US3008483A (en) Cold boiling liquid storage tank relief valve