US3918619A - Safety device for seal fixing apparatus - Google Patents

Safety device for seal fixing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3918619A
US3918619A US427309A US42730973A US3918619A US 3918619 A US3918619 A US 3918619A US 427309 A US427309 A US 427309A US 42730973 A US42730973 A US 42730973A US 3918619 A US3918619 A US 3918619A
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United States
Prior art keywords
barrel
muzzle
casing
trigger
cartridge
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Expired - Lifetime
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US427309A
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English (en)
Inventor
Pierre Termet
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/08—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure
    • B25C1/10—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge
    • B25C1/14—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge acting on an intermediate plunger or anvil
    • B25C1/143—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge acting on an intermediate plunger or anvil trigger operated

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Fastening apparatus in the form of a gun in which the energy resulting from the explosion of a cartridge drives a piston which in turn drives the fastener, such as a nail, bolt or the like into the material to be fastened.
  • the present invention relates to a novel safety device for fastener-driving apparatus of the type in which a fastener such as a pin, a nail or a bolt is driven into suitable material by the force produced by the explosion of a cartridge.
  • Such apparatus enables bolt driving velocities to be obtained which are of the order of 60 to 180 metres/- second, while apparatus known as direct firing guns in which the gases emanating from the explosion of the cartridge propels the bolt directly operate with driving velocities of the order of 400 metres/second.
  • the so-called piston-driven apparatus is therefore much safer to use than the so-called direct firing apparatus. It is for this reason that in the majority of applications it is not necessary to place a protective shield on the end of the barrel to protect the user from possible ricochets of the bolt when it is fixed.
  • the aim of the present invention is to permit construction of such apparatus which cannot be fired while it is excessively inclined relative to the position which it should occupy at the moment of firing.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device of this type in which the maximum angle at which the axis of the device may be positioned with respect to a perpendicular to the material to be penetrated without making it impossible to fire the device decreases as the velocity with which the device is fired increases.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a new article of manufacture consisting of a fastener driver operating by means of the energy resulting from the explosion of a cartridge, of the piston-driven type, characterized by the fact that the assembly formed by the barrel with its muzzle, the cartridge chamber, the breech block and its firing device, slides in a tubular casing forming an integral part of the stock of the apparatus which carries the trigger, the above-mentioned assembly being resiliently urged in the firing direction by the action of a spring, and the trigger only being able to actuate the firing device when the front end of the muzzle of the barrel is projecting from the tubular casing by a length less than a given length.
  • the trigger which is pivoted at a point adjacent to the rear portion of the apparatus, has a fork-shaped part which, when the assembly including the barrel is pushed backwards at the moment of firing, positions itself around a lug provided with a head, so that the operation of the trigger applies traction to this lug, which releases a spring-biassed mass, with the result that this mass hits the striker.
  • this minimum insertion of the barrel corresponds to a given angle of the axis of the apparatus relative to the surface of the material to be penetrated which is such that said material bears both on the outer edge of the front portion of the casing of the ap paratus and on the font end of the barrel, it will be understood that the apparatus in accordance with the invention can only fire when its inclination relative to the perpendicular to the reception material is less than a given inclination.
  • the forward end of the muzzle of the barrel is formed with a chamfer so that this forward portion of the muzzle of the barrel has a flattened frustoconical form (for example with an apex angle of the order of In this way, the maximum angle of inclination is determined by the contact with the surface of the material to be penetrated of the apex of the truncated cone of the muzzle and of the outer edge of the casing of the apparatus.
  • the fastening apparatus has a power adjustment device of the type in which a portion of the gases emanating from the explosion are vented through a gasport of adjustable size, situated on the periphery of the barrel adjacent to the cartridge explosion chamber.
  • This embodiment of the invention is characterized by the fact that the size of the above-mentioned gas-port is determined by the axial displacement of the barrel and its muzzle relative to the assembly forming the cartridge chamber, the breech and the striking device.
  • the distance by which the muzzle of the barrel projects from the tubular casing which surrounds is proportional to the section of the gas port which is open and consequently to the bolt driving capacity.
  • the maximum angle with the perpendicular to the material may be varied on firing as a function of the driving velocity, it being understood that in accordance with experience and the regulations laid down up to the present time, it is not necessary to impose a particular firing angle in the case in which the bolt is driven with a velocity of less than 100 metres/- second.
  • the invention enables the risk of ricochets which may occur in apparatus of the pistondriven type for velocities of the order of 100 to 180 metres/seconds to be avoided, since the gun may be fired only when at an angle as close to the position perpendicular to the material to be penetrated which is dependent on the penetration velocity.
  • the muzzle of the device cooperates with the barrel to guide the projectile
  • the muzzle is axially movable with respect to the barrel, and the maximum depression of the muzzle is determined by the abutment of the muzzle against a member located radially outward of the barrel and fixed to the member defining the cartridge chamber.
  • the axial displacement of the barrel relative to the cartridge chamber which determines the size of the gas-port, either does not affect the muzzle during any part of the displacement of the barrel, thus maintaining constant the maximum angle of inclination of the apparatus, or in a modification, affects it only during a portion of this adjustment stroke, so that the limit angle is fixed for the highest firing velocities and then increases when the lower velocities are reached, due to adjustment of the gas-port.
  • the muzzle is axially connected to the barrel or whether it is axially independent of the barrel, to render the muzzle independent of the barrel for rotation when axial displacement of the barrel is effected under the influence of its own rotation caused by an adjustment ring.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic axial sectional view of a fastener driver in accordance with the invention
  • Flg. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, showing the apparatus being applied to a material to be penetrated while being inclined at the maximum angle for which firing is possible, the power being adjusted to the maximum;
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are two detail views taken along the line IIIIII of FIG. 2, illustrating the case in which striking is possible and the case in which striking is not possible respectively;
  • FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 illustrating the case in which the apparatus is adjusted to fire at a lower velocity
  • FIG. 6 is an axial section of the apparatus in accordance with a modification of the invention.
  • the apparatus which is shown in the drawings is of the type in which it is possible to adjust the power, i.e. to use an'explosive charge of uniform power to perform jobs requiring different energy values.
  • FIG. 1 shows the drive-piston l which propels a bolt 2 with a threaded head as it slides in the bore 3 of a barre] 4 which is provided with a muzzle 5 able to move axially relative to barrel 4 at the moment when shoulder la of drive-piston 1 impinges against shoulder 5a of the mobile muzzle.
  • the barrel 4 is screwed by means of threads 6 into a sleeve 7 rigidly attached to the member 8 defining the peripheral wall of a cartridge chamber.
  • a breech block 9 having a firing pin 10 closes the rear end of cartridge chamber 8 which contains cartridge 1 l.
  • the assembly just described is surrounded by a cylindrical casing, forming the body of the apparatus and supporting trigger 12.
  • This casing consists of a rear member 13 including the grip 14 and surrounding the striking device.
  • the member 13 is connected in a known manner to cylindrical members 15, 16 and 17 which constitute the tubular casing of the barrel up to adjacent the front end of the gun.
  • the member 17 may be manually rotated relative to the grip 14, and this causes rotation of the barrel 4 due to engagement of the screw 4a, which projects from the barrel, in the longitudinal slot 17b formed in the member 17.
  • the barrel 4 screws or unscrews relative to sleeve 7 by means of thread 6 moves the member 18, which is rigidly attached to barrel 4, nearer to or farther from cartridge chamber 8.
  • a gas-port of smaller or larger size is thus formed between the member 8 and 18 which, in known manner, enables the exhaust gases resulting from the explosion of the cartridge to be evacuated from the apparatus.
  • the members 8 and 18 are in contact so that the gas-port has a zero section which corresponds to a maximum driving velocity.
  • a mobile mass 19 Inside member 13 constituting the stock of the apparatus is a mobile mass 19 subjected to the action of a spring 20 which is retained in the position shown in FIG. 1 by pin 21 which is urged upwards by the trigger 12, which is biassed upwardly by the trigger spring 12a.
  • Pin 21 is rigidly attached to a lug 22 provided with a head which can move towards trigger 12 which is pivoted at 23 at the back of the apparatus.
  • Trigger 12 has a fork-shaped part 24 which, when the barrel of the apparatus is pushed backwards, engages the head of lug 22.
  • the forward end of muzzle 5 has a frusto-conical surface 5b having an apex angle relative to the axis of approximately
  • the operation of the apparatus is relatively simple.
  • the cylindrical member 16, is fixed to the sleeve 7, by the screw 160.
  • this sleeve is fixed to the member 8 defining the cartridge chamber so that the members 16, 7 and 8 rotate as a unit.
  • the member 8 therefore may be unscrewed from the member 9, by simply rotating the sleeve 16.
  • a cartridge may then be inserted into the cartridge chamber, and a bolt dropped into the muzzle of the gun.
  • FIG. 2 shows the fastening apparatus of FIG. I placed against a material 28 which is to be penetrated, the axis of the barrel being inclined relative to the perpendicular to the surface of this material 28, by the maximum angle compatible with firing.
  • the peripheral edge 17a of cylindrical member 17 bears against reception material 28, as does the edge of smaller diameter 50 of frusto-conical surface 5b of muzzle 5.
  • the apparatus can bear on thet surface of material 28 at two points 50 and 17a, which are situated at a not negligeable distance from each other, thus permitting determination with good precision of the maximum firing angle for a projection of a given distancce of the muzzle of the barrel 5 from sleeve 17.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show diagrammatically views along the line IIIIIl of FIG. 2. Each of these views again shows fork 24 and the lug 22.
  • fork 24 completely engages the lug 22 so as to allow firing, the pistol being in a normal firing position, with its axis substantially perpendicular to the surface of material 28.
  • the apparatus has been adjusted to fire with a reduced power.
  • fork 24 rigidly attached to trigger 12 is in the limit position in which it can engage the lug 22.
  • the distance by which muzzle 5 of the barrel projects from member 17 corresponds to the extent to which circular gas-port 29 is opened.
  • the apparatus in accordance with the invention permits firing with the axis of the barrel further removed from the perpendicular to material 28 when the power and consequently the driving speed of the projectile are reduced.
  • FIG. 5 At 30 in FIG. 5 is shown the position of the firing axis most distant from the perpendicular to material 28 for the maximum power of the apparatus (FIG. 2) and at 31 is shown the corresponding position of the firing axis of the apparatus in accordance with FIG. 5.
  • the invention enables a safety device to be formed in .a particularly simple and efficient manner for piston-driven apparatus which does not require the use of a shield arranged at the end of the barrel.
  • FIG. 6 in which the corre sponding parts have received the same references as in FIG. 1.
  • the apparatus shown in FIG. 6 has a muzzle 33 which is, even when in its position of maximum depression, axially sepa rated from the barrel 32.
  • barrel 32 In its front portion barrel 32 has a dog 34 co-operating with four arms 35 of a counter-dog rigidly attached to muzzle 33.
  • central bore 3 is continued inside dog 34 which, like arms 35, is not shown in axial section in the figure.
  • Dog 34 also has a circular groove which receives the end of a screw 36 screwed through barrel 32. In this way dog 34 is axially immovable with respect to barrel 32 by the groove and screw,.but capable of rotation relative to this barrel, so that the rotation of barrel 32 will not be transmitted to muzzle 33.
  • muzzle 33 On its outer periphery muzzle 33 has a longitudinal groove 37 which cooperates with a lug 38 projecting inwardly from the front cylindrical part 39 of the casing so that muzzle 33 and part 39' will rotate together.
  • the part 39 In its front end the part 39 has a double notch 40 in the same vertical plane as a notch 41 in the front edge of muzzle 33. These notches are designed to receive complementary parts carried by the projectiles so as to prevent rotation of the projectile.
  • the member 8 defining the peripheral wall of the cartridge chamber carries a generally cylindrical extension 42 which has internal threads fi'co-operating with a corresponding threads on barrel 32.
  • the extension 42 is surrounded by an externally threaded ring 43 on the left end of which is screwed a ring 44 forming part of the casing and having a longitudinal slot 45 through which passes the head of a screw 46 screwed into the extension 42 so that ring 44 and ring 43 cannot rotate.
  • an annular nut 47 on the right edge of ring 43 is screwed an annular nut 47 which by means of an interior groove axially retains a cylindrical member 48 having an extension 39, which can turn relative to the member 48 in ball-bearings 49 housed in suitable grooves.
  • the member 48 has a longitudinal slot 50 in which screw 36 is slidable.
  • annular member 51 is inserted between the right end of extension 42 and muule 33, and rigidly attached to muzzle 33 for rotation therewith.
  • This member 51 is in contact with a ring 52 having a slot for the passage of screw 36.
  • members 43, 44, 47, 48 and 39 form the casing generally referenced 13 end it will be observed that the total length of this casing may be adjusted by screwing ring 43 more or less into ring 44 and that furthermore member 48 can rotate relative to members 43, 47 and 39 but is not axially slidable relative thereto.
  • ring 43 On ring 43 may be placed a short ring 52 bearing an adjustment marker adapted to be locked in place by a nut 53 screwed onto ring 43. This marker cooperates with graduation lines carried by the outer visible face of the member 48.
  • the trigger apparatus which controls the firing may be of a different type, the only condition being that it is automatically rendered inoperative as soon as the apparatus is inclined by a given angle relative to the perpendicular to the material to be penetrated.
  • Cartridge-actuated fastening device including:
  • a slidable assembly comprising a barrel, a muzzle at one end of said barrel, a cartridge chamber at the other end of said barrel, and a breech-block and percussion means for exploding said cartridge located on the side of said chamber remote from said barrel, driving piston slidably mounted in said barrel for actuation by the gases produced by an explosion in said cartridge chamber to eject a fastener from said muzzle and,
  • tubular casing having a handle near one end thereof, said assembly being mounted for axial sliding movement in said casing, spring means biassing said assembly so that said muzzle projects from the other end of said casing for a predetermined distance except when said spring means is compressed by pressing said muzzle against a material in which said fastener is to be driven,
  • latch means carried by said assembly and movable between a first position in which said latch means does and a second position in which it does not prevent operation of said percussion means
  • catch means carried by said trigger moving said latch means to said second position when said catch means is in engagement with said latch means and said trigger is actuated
  • said latch means being spaced from a position in which it is engaged by said catch means by a distance no greater than said predetermined distance whenever said muzzle projects said predetermined distance from said tubular member.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US427309A 1972-12-26 1973-12-21 Safety device for seal fixing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3918619A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7246212A FR2211867A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-12-26 1972-12-26

Publications (1)

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US3918619A true US3918619A (en) 1975-11-11

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US427309A Expired - Lifetime US3918619A (en) 1972-12-26 1973-12-21 Safety device for seal fixing apparatus

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US (1) US3918619A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH580474A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2364511A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2211867A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1456045A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4086682A (en) * 1975-10-03 1978-05-02 Accles And Shelvoke Limited Device for use in the humane slaughtering of animals
US4134527A (en) * 1976-05-06 1979-01-16 Societe De Prospection Et D'inventions Techniques Spit Powder charge operated apparatus
US4374567A (en) * 1979-04-10 1983-02-22 Olin Corporation Powder actuated piston tool with power adjustment
US4877171A (en) * 1987-09-15 1989-10-31 Societe De Prospection Et D'inventions Techniques Indirect firing fastener driving apparatus with firing power adjustment
US5273198A (en) * 1992-09-21 1993-12-28 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Powder-actuated, fastener-driving tool
US5722578A (en) * 1995-09-29 1998-03-03 Illinois Tool Works Inc. High velocity, combustion-powered, fastener-driving tool
US6364190B1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2002-04-02 Jamerco, Inc. Fastener driving tool with twist actuation
US20050051590A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2005-03-10 Johann Buechel Setting tool
US20160311099A1 (en) * 2013-12-19 2016-10-27 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Drive-in device
EP2534383A4 (en) * 2010-02-12 2018-07-18 Nitroset LLC Apparatus for installing fasteners and explosive loads for use therewith

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2669716A (en) * 1951-10-24 1954-02-23 Remington Arms Co Inc Fire control for powder actuated tools
US2966682A (en) * 1954-06-03 1961-01-03 Olin Mathieson Shield and gauge unit for powderactuated tools
US3005202A (en) * 1957-09-12 1961-10-24 Omark Industries Inc Explosively actuated tool
US3050732A (en) * 1957-11-29 1962-08-28 Termet Pierre Fastener driving interlocking pistol or tool
US3204400A (en) * 1963-11-26 1965-09-07 United Shoe Machinery Corp Explosively-actuated stud-driving tool
US3348751A (en) * 1965-08-02 1967-10-24 Olin Mathieson Power operated piston tool

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2669716A (en) * 1951-10-24 1954-02-23 Remington Arms Co Inc Fire control for powder actuated tools
US2966682A (en) * 1954-06-03 1961-01-03 Olin Mathieson Shield and gauge unit for powderactuated tools
US3005202A (en) * 1957-09-12 1961-10-24 Omark Industries Inc Explosively actuated tool
US3050732A (en) * 1957-11-29 1962-08-28 Termet Pierre Fastener driving interlocking pistol or tool
US3204400A (en) * 1963-11-26 1965-09-07 United Shoe Machinery Corp Explosively-actuated stud-driving tool
US3348751A (en) * 1965-08-02 1967-10-24 Olin Mathieson Power operated piston tool

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4086682A (en) * 1975-10-03 1978-05-02 Accles And Shelvoke Limited Device for use in the humane slaughtering of animals
US4134527A (en) * 1976-05-06 1979-01-16 Societe De Prospection Et D'inventions Techniques Spit Powder charge operated apparatus
US4374567A (en) * 1979-04-10 1983-02-22 Olin Corporation Powder actuated piston tool with power adjustment
US4877171A (en) * 1987-09-15 1989-10-31 Societe De Prospection Et D'inventions Techniques Indirect firing fastener driving apparatus with firing power adjustment
US5273198A (en) * 1992-09-21 1993-12-28 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Powder-actuated, fastener-driving tool
US5806747A (en) * 1995-09-29 1998-09-15 Illinois Tool Works Inc. High velocity, combustion-powered, fastener-driving tool
US5722578A (en) * 1995-09-29 1998-03-03 Illinois Tool Works Inc. High velocity, combustion-powered, fastener-driving tool
US5975397A (en) * 1995-09-29 1999-11-02 Illinois Tool Works, Inc. High velocity, combustion-powered, fasterner-driving tool
US6364190B1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2002-04-02 Jamerco, Inc. Fastener driving tool with twist actuation
US20050051590A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2005-03-10 Johann Buechel Setting tool
EP2534383A4 (en) * 2010-02-12 2018-07-18 Nitroset LLC Apparatus for installing fasteners and explosive loads for use therewith
AU2019200438B2 (en) * 2010-02-12 2020-12-24 Nitroset, Llc Apparatus for installing fasteners and explosive loads for use therewith
US20160311099A1 (en) * 2013-12-19 2016-10-27 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Drive-in device
US10562164B2 (en) * 2013-12-19 2020-02-18 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Drive-in device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2364511A1 (de) 1974-06-27
FR2211867A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-07-19
GB1456045A (en) 1976-11-17
CH580474A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-10-15

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