US3918517A - Regenerative heat exchanger matrix - Google Patents

Regenerative heat exchanger matrix Download PDF

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Publication number
US3918517A
US3918517A US502897A US50289774A US3918517A US 3918517 A US3918517 A US 3918517A US 502897 A US502897 A US 502897A US 50289774 A US50289774 A US 50289774A US 3918517 A US3918517 A US 3918517A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
matrix
blocks
abutting
side faces
sockets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US502897A
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English (en)
Inventor
Calvin Eric Silverstone
David Stanley Noble
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Inc
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Tractor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Tractor Co filed Critical Caterpillar Tractor Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3918517A publication Critical patent/US3918517A/en
Assigned to CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE. reassignment CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
    • F28D19/04—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
    • F28D19/041—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier with axial flow through the intermediate heat-transfer medium
    • F28D19/042—Rotors; Assemblies of heat absorbing masses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49357—Regenerator or recuperator making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49861—Sizing mating parts during final positional association

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A regenerative heat exchanger matrix comprising a multiplicity of blocks of a porous ceramic material having substantially flat side faces arranged side-byside with adjacent side faces abutting and held together by a key member inserted into sockets formed in each of the abutting side faces.
  • the blocks may be bonded together additionally to using the key members.
  • the strength of the bonds between adjacent blocks may be selected to permit stress to be relieved by controlled fracture at the bonds, the blocks remaining connected together by the key members.
  • a ceramic material such as silicon nitride is often used for the construction of a matrix of a rotary regenerativeheat exchanger. Silicon nitride has a relatively high co-efficient of expansion and under high operating temperatures, stresses may occur in a matrix formed from a monolithic block of the material, resulting in fracture of the matrix.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a matrix construction in which the tendency to fracture is reduced.
  • a heat exchanger matrix comprises a multiplicity of blocks of a porous ceramic material having substantially flat side faces arranged side-by-side with adjacent side faces abutting and held together by a key member inserted into sockets formed in each of the abutting side faces.
  • the key member engaging between each pair of abutting side faces isconveniently a pin which is inserted into aligned sockets in the abutting side faces and extends between opposite end faces of the pair of blocks in a direction substantially parallel with thelongitudinal axis of the assembled matrix.
  • the sockets when aligned and the pin may be cylindrical or be of any other suitable shape in crosssection.
  • each pin may be of dumb-bell shape in cross-section, that is it may be of the shapeof an oval having a constriction intermediate its ends.
  • the sockets and the pins may be tapered in the longitudinal direction of the blocks and/or the pins may have end portions extending beyond the end faces of the blocks to enable the said end portions to be peened or up-set.
  • the blocks may be bonded together in addition to being keyed together by the key members. Certain of the bonds between abutting faces of adjacent blocks may be weaker than others or they may all be of low strength, whereby stress can be relieved along the weaker or low strength bonds by failure of said bonds, the blocks remaining connected together by the key members.
  • the invention also includes a method of constructing a matrix from a multiplicity of blocks of a porous ceramic material and having substantially flat side faces by arranging the blocks side-by-side with adjacent side faces abutting and securing adjacent blocks together by inserting key members into sockets formed in each of the abutting side faces.
  • the method may include the step of additionally bonding adjacent blocks together. Certain of the bonds between abutting faces of adjacent blocks may be made weaker than others or they may all be of low strength, as aforesaid.
  • the blocks may be made of silicon nitride or a similar material. Where the material is silicon nitride. the blocks may be formed with the sockets for receiving the key members before nitriding of the block material is effected. Each block may be separately nitrided or the blocks may be assembled in the green state and keyed to adjacent blocks by the key members, the assembled blocks then being nitrided to effect BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
  • a disc-like matrix for a rotary regenerative heat exchanger. and a method ofmaking the matrix are now described with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
  • FIG. l is an end view of the assembled matrix
  • FIG. 2 is a section on the line lI-.Il in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is anexploded view of several matrix blocks and showing key members therefor, drawn to a larger scale then that. of FIGS. 1 and 2, and 7
  • FIG. 4 shows a portion of an assembled matrix and illustrates a stage in the manufacture of the matrix.
  • the matrix is formed from a central shaft 1 or hub portion, surrounded. by a multiplicity ofhexagonal vcross-section blocks 2 of porous silicon nitride or of green silicon-based material which is subsequently nitrided to form silicon nitride.
  • the blocks 2 are closely packed side-byside to form the complete matrix;
  • the radially outermost blocks are latermachined in situ as will be explained with reference to FIG. for they-are pre-shaped to form a circular profile.
  • the assembled blocks may be bounded by a rim portion 3 or the rim may be machined, as described hereinafter with refer ence to FIG. 4.
  • the blocks 2 which may be extruded or cast, are formed with longitudinal- .ly-extending grooves 4, (see FIGJB) constituting the aforesaid sockets, in each side face of every block 2.
  • the grooves 4 in abutting side faces will be in registration one with the other to form together a longitudinally-extending passageway of dumb-bell shape in cross-section, i.e., having a cross-section of oval shape constricted intermediate its ends.
  • correspondingly-shaped key members 6 are inserted into the passages formed by the grooves 4 to hold the blocks together.
  • the method of connecting adjacent blocks 2 together by the key members 6 is illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the key members 6 and the grooves 4 may be tapered to enable the key members 6 to be locked by wedging action in the grooves 4 or the key members 6 may extend beyond one or both of the end faces of the matrix and there be peened or upset.
  • the key members and passages may be of dumb-bell shape in cross-section
  • cylindrical pins and semi-cylindrical grooves forming cylindrical passages may be employed.
  • the pins may be locked against axial movement by providing tapered pins and grooves or by peening or up-setting the ends. Pins and grooves of any other suitable complementary crosssectional shape may be employed.
  • the blocks 2 may be cured and be separately machined and nitrided or the green blocks may be assembled, machined to form a circular cross-section matrix or to receive a rim 3, and, the end faces of the matrix are machined, if necessary, and then the whole matrix is nitrided.
  • the key members 6 may be made of the green material and be separately nitrided or nitrided in the whole matrix after assembly.
  • bonds may be formed by the nitriding process be tween abutting side faces of the blocks.
  • bonds By making the bonds between certain of the blocks. or all of them. of low strength. stresses can be relieved in the matrix during its use by causing fracture of the bonds between blocks in a controlled manner, thereby avoiding uncontrolled fracture or shattering of the matrix as in monolithic constructions of matrix.
  • the key members 6 maintain the blocks 2 together even when the bonds between blocks have fractured and so complete failure of the matrix would not occur.
  • the blocks 2 are of hexagonal shape in cross-section, other crosssectional shapes of block, for example triangular or square may be employed.
  • the central hub shape where a hub is required, may be complementary to that of the blocks.
  • the shaft may be keyed to adjacent blocks 2 by key members 6 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the material to be nitrided may be used to fill the spaces 7 between the in nermost blocks and the shaft 1 or a circular hub member.
  • FIG. 4 shows how a matrix may be assembled from blocks to an irregular peripheral shape and then be machined to a circular profile indicated at 8, conveniently before nitriding, in the case of silicon nitride.
  • the circular profile may be fitted with a rim such as 3 in FIG. 1.
  • a regenerative heat exchanger matrix comprising a multiplicity of blocks of a porous ceramic material having substantially flat side faces arranged side-byside with adjacent side faces abutting and a plurality of key members by which adjacent blocks are held together. each said key member being inserted into sockets formed in each of the abutting side faces.
  • each key member engaging between each pair of abutting side faces is a pin which is inserted into aligned sockets in the abutting side faces and extends between opposite end faces of the pair of blocks in a direction substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the assembled matrix.
  • each pair of sockets when aligned and the co-acting pin are of substantially dumb-bell shape in cross-section, that is in the shape of an oval having a constriction intermediate its ends.
  • each pair of sockets when aligned and the co-acting pins are of circular shape in cross-section.
  • a matrix as claimed in claim 1 in which adjacent blocks are bonded together in addition to being keyed together by said key members.
  • a matrix as claimed in claim 7 in which certain of the bonds between abutting faces of adjacent blocks are weaker than others.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
US502897A 1973-09-05 1974-09-03 Regenerative heat exchanger matrix Expired - Lifetime US3918517A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4170673A GB1437229A (en) 1973-09-05 1973-09-05 Regenerative heat exchanger matrix

Publications (1)

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US3918517A true US3918517A (en) 1975-11-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US502897A Expired - Lifetime US3918517A (en) 1973-09-05 1974-09-03 Regenerative heat exchanger matrix

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3918517A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5054944A (fr)
BE (1) BE819600A (fr)
CA (1) CA1006501A (fr)
CH (1) CH579758A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1437229A (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4333518A (en) * 1980-11-10 1982-06-08 Corning Glass Works Method for improving thermal shock resistance of honeycombed structures formed from joined cellular segments
US4335783A (en) * 1980-11-10 1982-06-22 Corning Glass Works Method for improving thermal shock resistance of honeycombed structures formed from joined cellular segments
DE4021492A1 (de) * 1990-07-05 1992-01-16 Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt Hochtemperaturwaermespeicher
US20100326621A1 (en) * 2008-02-28 2010-12-30 Paul Wurth Refractory & Engineering Gmbh Checker brick
US9726155B2 (en) 2010-09-16 2017-08-08 Wilson Solarpower Corporation Concentrated solar power generation using solar receivers
US10876521B2 (en) 2012-03-21 2020-12-29 247Solar Inc. Multi-thermal storage unit systems, fluid flow control devices, and low pressure solar receivers for solar power systems, and related components and uses thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2706109A (en) * 1950-03-11 1955-04-12 Jarvis C Marble Heat transfer elements of ceramic material
US3101778A (en) * 1960-05-13 1963-08-27 Combustion Eng Ceramic rotor fabrication
US3220715A (en) * 1964-02-06 1965-11-30 Kinney Eng Inc S P Checker block and checker construction made therefrom
US3391727A (en) * 1966-11-14 1968-07-09 Ford Motor Co Disc type rotary heat exchanger
US3549136A (en) * 1968-06-17 1970-12-22 Bethlehem Steel Corp Checkers suitable for forming a checker work in a hot blast stove and method of forming same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2706109A (en) * 1950-03-11 1955-04-12 Jarvis C Marble Heat transfer elements of ceramic material
US3101778A (en) * 1960-05-13 1963-08-27 Combustion Eng Ceramic rotor fabrication
US3220715A (en) * 1964-02-06 1965-11-30 Kinney Eng Inc S P Checker block and checker construction made therefrom
US3391727A (en) * 1966-11-14 1968-07-09 Ford Motor Co Disc type rotary heat exchanger
US3549136A (en) * 1968-06-17 1970-12-22 Bethlehem Steel Corp Checkers suitable for forming a checker work in a hot blast stove and method of forming same

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4333518A (en) * 1980-11-10 1982-06-08 Corning Glass Works Method for improving thermal shock resistance of honeycombed structures formed from joined cellular segments
US4335783A (en) * 1980-11-10 1982-06-22 Corning Glass Works Method for improving thermal shock resistance of honeycombed structures formed from joined cellular segments
DE4021492A1 (de) * 1990-07-05 1992-01-16 Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt Hochtemperaturwaermespeicher
US5305821A (en) * 1990-07-05 1994-04-26 Deutsche Forschungsanstalt Fuer-Luft Und Raumfahrt E.V. High-temperature heat storage device
US20100326621A1 (en) * 2008-02-28 2010-12-30 Paul Wurth Refractory & Engineering Gmbh Checker brick
US8991475B2 (en) * 2008-02-28 2015-03-31 Paul Wurth Refractory & Engineering Gmbh Checker brick with through passages for a hot blast stove
US9726155B2 (en) 2010-09-16 2017-08-08 Wilson Solarpower Corporation Concentrated solar power generation using solar receivers
US10280903B2 (en) 2010-09-16 2019-05-07 Wilson 247Solar, Inc. Concentrated solar power generation using solar receivers
US11242843B2 (en) 2010-09-16 2022-02-08 247Solar Inc. Concentrated solar power generation using solar receivers
US10876521B2 (en) 2012-03-21 2020-12-29 247Solar Inc. Multi-thermal storage unit systems, fluid flow control devices, and low pressure solar receivers for solar power systems, and related components and uses thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH579758A5 (fr) 1976-09-15
GB1437229A (en) 1976-05-26
JPS5054944A (fr) 1975-05-14
CA1006501A (en) 1977-03-08
AU7250274A (en) 1976-02-19
BE819600A (fr) 1974-12-31

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., 100 N.E. ADAMS STREET, PEORIA, I

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905

Effective date: 19860515

Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE.,ILLINOIS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905

Effective date: 19860515