US3918063A - Antenna having combined elements for VHF and UHF signals - Google Patents

Antenna having combined elements for VHF and UHF signals Download PDF

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Publication number
US3918063A
US3918063A US479101A US47910174A US3918063A US 3918063 A US3918063 A US 3918063A US 479101 A US479101 A US 479101A US 47910174 A US47910174 A US 47910174A US 3918063 A US3918063 A US 3918063A
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Prior art keywords
antenna
vhf
uhf
plates
conductive
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Expired - Lifetime
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US479101A
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English (en)
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Koya Nakamichi
Toshitada Doi
Kosuke Akiba
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A composite antenna apparatus having a combination [30] Foreign Application Priority Data June l5, l973 48-67443 of a first element for a VHF signal formed in a mod:- fied loaded loop antenna and a second element for a 2 U.
  • This invention relates generally to an antenna apparatus having both elements for a VHF signal and a UHF signal. and more particularly to a compact composite antenna apparatus comprising a combination of a first element for the VHF signal and a second element for the UHF signal arranged compactly without mutual interference.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a compact composite antenna apparatus suitable for receiving both VHF and UHF television signals.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the antenna apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a partially cross-sectional view on the line l-l in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a plane view of the antenna apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an electric construction of a VHF antenna according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view on the line II-ll in FIG. I;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view on the line IIIIII in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 7 is a front view showing a main part of a rod antenna for receiving two different signals according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an equivalent trap circuit of the rod antenna shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic diagrams used for explaining the used state of the antenna shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the characteristics of the equivalent trap circuit
  • FIG. 1 is a characteristic graph showing the gain and front to back ratio of a UHF antenna
  • FIG. 12 is a SMith chart showing the characteristics of the UHF antenna
  • FIGS. 13A and 13B are graphs showing the gain of a VHF antenna provided with a rod antenna
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 are, respectively, graphs showing directional patterns of the VHF antenna
  • FIG. I6 is a graph showing the gain and front to back ratio of the UHF antenna.
  • FIG. 17 is a graph showing the directivity of the UHF antenna.
  • reference letter T shows an antenna apparatus according to the present invention as a whole.
  • the antenna apparatus T comprises an antenna element 10 for a VHF signal which is arranged on a substantially horizontal plane and an antenna element 20 for a UHF signal which is arranged relatively close to the antenna element 10 and at a position above the antenna element 10, and also support 30 for holding the antenna elements 10 and 20 at predetermined positions. respectively.
  • the antenna elements 10 and 20 which are different in frequency band to be received, compact with superior function, it is necessary to eliminate mutual interference between the antenna elements 10 and 20 for using them independently. That is. as well knowm, in the case where both the antenna elements 10 and 20 are used independently.
  • the antenna element 20 for the UHF signal were disposed ahead with respect to the coming direction of broadcasting electric signals and the antenna element 10 for the VHF signal were disposed in the same horizontal plane as that of the antenna element 20 and behind the same, or the antenna elements 10 and 20 were arranged in the vertical direction with a relatively large distance therebetween, influences or mutual interference between the antenna elements I0 and 20, especially the influence of the VHF antenna element 10 on the UHF antenna element 20 would pose no serious problem.
  • the antenna elements I0 and 20 would occupy a large space and hence they would not be preferred as a room antenna apparatus. Accordingly, it is necessary for a practical antenna apparatus provided with both UHF and VHF antenna elements. that the deterioration of antenna characteristics due to bad influences or mutual interference between the UHF and VHF antenna elements must be avoided at first. and that the antenna apparatus is small in size or compact.
  • the VHF antenna element 10 is divided into a plurality of, for example eight conductive elements to 10/: as shown in FIG. 4. Selected ends of the conductive elements 10a to 10/1 are connected by trap circuits 1A to 1D for the UHF signal and a load 7, respectively, to form a loaded loop antenna as a whole.
  • the trap circuits 1A to ID are formed to have such characteristics that they are low in impedance for a received frequency of the VHF signal, but high in impedance for that of the UHF signal, or such characteristics that they resonate in the received frequency band of the UHF signal.
  • each of the trap circuits 1A to 1D is formed to be a parallel resonant circuit consisting of a capacitor 2 and a coil 3.
  • the trap circuits [A to ID are connected between the ends of the divided conductive elements shown in FIG. 4.
  • rod antennae 5A and SB are attached to the VHF antenna element 10, so that trap circuits 6A and 6B are connected between the rod antennaes 5A, 5B and the conductive elements b, 10g, respectively, for trapping the UHF signal.
  • one ends of the conductive elements 100 and 10f adjacent to the conductive elements 10b and 10g are opened.
  • the VHF antenna element or member 10 is a loop antenna which consists of eightdivided conductive elements 100 to 103. Its various characteristics and antenna characteristics will be described later together with those of the UHF antenna element or member 20.
  • the VHF antenna member 10 is fixedly arranged on the horizontal plane as shown in the figure and the UHF antenna member is disposed on the plane above the VHF antenna member 10.
  • the UHF antenna member 20 consists of three conductive elements.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is intended for expanding a frequency band to be received.
  • the UHF antenna member 20, which consists of a wave-guide 20A, a radiator 20B and reflector 20C arranged in this order with respect to the incoming direction of the broadcasting wave shown by an arrow 0 in FIG. 3, is not a well known Yagi antenna consisting of rod-shaped conductive elements, but consists of conductive plate elements of desired shape.
  • the radiator 20B comprises a pair of conductive sector plates 90 and 9b which are attached separately and from the ends of inner faces of which feeding terminals are led out.
  • Ahead of the radiator 208 there is disposed the waveguide 20A made of a V-shaped conductive plate apart from the radiator 208 with a predetermined distance, while behind the radiator 208 there is disposed the reflector 20C formed of an arc-shaped conductive plate with a predetermined distance from the radiator 208. All the conductive plates may be formed of aluminum.
  • the UHF antenna member 20 is so selected in its maximum outer diameter that it is located within the inner diameter of the loop of the VHF antenna member 10 and that the outer configurations of the radiator 20B and the reflector 20C are selected to be parts of the outermost circle thereof.
  • the support 30 includes a cone-shaped rotary body II for supporting the VHF antenna member 10 and a rotary shaft 12 disposed within the rotary body 11 for supporting the UHF antenna member 20.
  • the rotary body 11 and the rotary shaft 12 are assembled such that they can be rotated independently.
  • a disc-shaped base 13 made of, for example, rubber or the like is provided under the rotary body 11, and a rotatable cylinder 14 is provided on the base 13 rotatable with respect to the base 13.
  • the rotary shaft 12 is fixedly inserted into the rotatable cylinder 14, so that the rotary shaft 12 is rotated externally through the cylinder 14.
  • the rotary shaft 12 has a suitable length projected upwardly beyond the rotary body 11 and has attached thereto a holder 40 which holds the UHF antenna member 20 together with the rotary body 11.
  • the conductive elements 10a to 10k forming the VHF antenna member 10 are attached with the predetermined distance.
  • the manner of the attachment is, for example, as follows. As shown in FIG. 5, projections 28a and 28b are provided at both ends of the conductive element 10a made of, for example, aluminum conductive plate, while apertures 29a and 29b are bored through the rotary body II at the position, where the element 10a is attached, for passing therethrough the projections 28a and 28b, respectively.
  • the projections 28a and 2812 are passed through the apertures 29a and 29b from the outside of the rotary body 11 to its inside, they are bent on an inner surface 31 of the body 11 to be attached to the body 11.
  • the other elements 10b to 10h are attached to the body 11 similarly.
  • all the elements 10a to 10h of the VHF antenna member 10 are arranged on the substantially same horizontal plane.
  • the trap circuits 1A to 1D, 6A, 6B and the load 7 are connected to the conductive elements to 1011 on the inner surface 31, respectively.
  • Line-shaped conductors 32 provided on the inner surface 31 serve to improve the impedance characteristic of the VHF antenna member 10, and accordingly they are provided between the conductive elements 100 to 10h, respectively.
  • the feeding portion of the VHF antenna member 10 is electrically connected through a connector 33 to a feeder wire 34 and the conductive elements 10f and 103, as shown in FIG. 1. It is, of course, possible to use adhesive upon the attachment of the elements to ensure the attachment.
  • the UHF antenna member 20 which may be attached to the rotary shaft 12, is attached to a holder 40 with a plane shape substantially same as that of the UHF antenna member 20 as shown by one-dot chain line in FIG. 3. This attachment will be described, by way of example.
  • ends of a conductor 35 are bent to be fixed to the holder 40.
  • the holder 40 is provided with a cylindrical engaging member 41 (refer to FIG. 2) which may engage with the rotary shaft 12.
  • a distance it, between the antenna members l0 and 20 is determined.
  • a feeding wire 36 of the antenna member 20 passes through the inside of the rotary shaft 12 and then led out to the outside through a bore (not shown) formed in the rotatable cylinder 14.
  • Reference letter S indicates a cover which may cover the UHF antenna 20.
  • the UHF antenna 20 is formed of a cup-shape as a whole.
  • the rod antennae 5A and 53 shown in FIG. 2 are provided for improving the gain upon the reception of the VHF signal, especially in its low frequency band,
  • the rod antennae 5A and SB are made to be a so-called two-frequency type antenna with which one of antennae can receive the VHF signals of different bands.
  • FIG. 7 shows the essential construction of one of the rod antennae 5A and 5B, for example, 5A.
  • reference numeral 50A indicates a main antenna member which may be rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the rotary body 11 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a subantenna member 508 is slidably mounted on the main antenna member 50A to form a low frequency band receiving antenna together with the antenna member 50A.
  • the sub-antenna member 508 is formed of a wire conductor 51 with a diameter of 2.00mm which consists of an iron wire that is chromium plated, by way of example.
  • the electric equivalent circuit of the connecting member 53 can be shown as a trap circuit 54 in FIG. 8. That is, a capacitor 54a is formed between the main antenna 50A and the wire conductor 51 wound thereon, and a coil 54b is formed by the wound wire conductor 51. Accordingly, if the respective constants of the equivalent trap circuit 54 are selected to make the trap circuit 54 resonate to a VHF signal with a relatively high frequency band which is received by the main antenna 50A, the trap circuit 54 shows a high impedance for the VHF signal of a high frequency band, but shows a low impedance for the VHF signal of a low frequency band.
  • the main antenna 50A and the sub-antenna 50B are electrically connected as shown in FIG. 9A for a low frequency band of the VHF signal and the rod antenna 5A acts as an antenna with a total length L.
  • the sub-antenna 50B is electrically isolated from the main antenna 50A as shown in FIG. 9B and hence the effective length as an antenna becomes a length L of the main antenna 50A.
  • the rod antenna 5A is superior in trapping effect, it can be used as the so-called two-frequency type antenna to improve the directivity or directional characteristic of the VHF antenna described later.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the characteristics of the equivalent trap circuit 54 in which the abscissa respresents the frequency F in MHz and the ordinate the reactance Re in KO.
  • a dotted line curve 60 shows the trapping chracteristic of an ordinary trap circuit
  • a solid line curve 61 shows that of the trap circuit 54. From this graph, it is obvious that the trap circuit 54 shown in FIG. 8 has a greatly improved ideal trapping characteristic.
  • the capacitor (corresponding to the capacitor 54a) is selected of ZpF and the coil (corresponding to the coil 54b) is made of a formal wire with the diameter of 0.6 mm and wound by 13 turns to form a resonant circuit.
  • the resonant frequency of the trap circuit 54 is determined by the number of turns of the coil 5411, the winding pitch of the coil 54b, the coil 54b itself or its diameter and so on.
  • the antenna apparatus T is formed of the VHF and UHF antenna members 10 and 20 and the support 30 which are shaped desirably, as mentioned above. The respective characteristics of the antenna apparatus T will be now described in order.
  • the frequency band to be received is widened to provide a so-called wide band antenna, which is ascertained by experiments. That is, the compared results on the gain and front to back ratio of the directivity between an ordinary Yagi antenna consisting of three elements and the UHF antenna 20 of the present invention are shown in the graph of FIG. 11 in which the abscissa represents the frequency F in MHz, the positive ordinate the gain G in dB, and the negative ordinate the front to back ratio Ra, respectively.
  • the abscissa represents the frequency F in MHz
  • the positive ordinate the gain G in dB the negative ordinate the front to back ratio Ra
  • curves 62 and 64 show the characteristics of the ordinary Yagi antenna, while curves 63 and 65 show those of the UHF antenna 20.
  • the solid line curve 63 which shows the gain of the UHF antenna 20 is wider in frequency band than the solid line curve 62 and that the front to back ratio of the UHF antenna 20 is relatively high in a wide frequency band.
  • the UHF antenna 20 of the invention eliminates the narrow band characteristic of the prior art antenna and proposes an antenna of a wide band. Further, with the prior UHF antenna, it is found that as antenna elements increase in number, the frequency characteristic of its impedance is greatly deteriorated.
  • the UHF antenna 20 of the invention can improve such a deterioration also.
  • a dotted line curve shows the case where no element is provided except the radiator 20B.
  • the standing wave ratio (S.W.R.) is 3 or more than 3 in a frequency band of about 500MHz, but the S.W.R. becomes close to I in a frequency band of about 700MHz.
  • the results are counter to the above, that is the S.W.R. becomes lower than 3 (shown by solid line curves).
  • the coupling characteristic is improved to also improve the frequency characteristic. From this, it will be apparent that the UHF antenna 20 performs the effect that it acts as a wide band antenna.
  • the graph of FIG. 14 shows the directivity of the prior art rod antenna which is already shown in FIG. 13.
  • a solid line curve 70 indicates the directivity in 170 MHz, a dotted line curve 71 that in 190MHz and a one-dot chain line curve 72 that in 220MHz, respectively.
  • FIG. 15 is a graph showing the directivity of the rod antennae 5A and 5B of the invention in which the same reference numerals indicate the directivities in the same frequency bands as those of FIG. 14. From the comparison of FIG. 14 with FIG. 15, it is obvious that the VHF antenna 10 of the invention has greatly improved directivity.
  • the VHF antenna 10 has as one object to avoid the deterioration due to the UHF antenna caused by the close arrangement of both antennae adapted to receive different frequency bands and also to reduce the size of the antenna apparatus T.
  • the loop antenna is divided into eight parts and the trap circuits IA to 1D, which may resonate with received UHF signals, are provided.
  • the trap circuits IA to 1D which may resonate with received UHF signals.
  • VHF antenna loop antenna
  • the divided elements act as a reflector for the UHF signal to disturb its directivity and hence to deteriorate the gain.
  • the VHF antenna I0 of the invention has negligible reflector effect.
  • the antenna apparatus T is formed as a compact structure.
  • the inventors of the invention carried out the following experiments.
  • a VHF antenna divided into four elements is typified as an antenna to be compared with the embodiment of the invention. As shown in the graph of FIG.
  • the gain for the UHF signal decreases for the case where the four divided element antenna is used as shown by a solid line curve 73, but for the case where the eight divided element VHF antenna 10 of the invention is used the gain is superior in a received frequency band as shown by a solid line curve 74.
  • a dotted line curve shows the front to back ratio of the invention and a dotted line curve 76 that of the prior art.
  • the VHF antenna 10 is divided into eight parts and the trap circuits 1A to ID are connected thereto, the UHF signal is hardly induced in the conductive elements 10a to 10h to thus improve the gain for the UHF signal.
  • the above signal induction cannot be eliminated entirely by provision of the trap circuits IA to 1D.
  • the VHF antenna l0 acts minimally as a reflector for the UHF antenna 20.
  • the UHF antenna 20 is located above the VHF antenna 10, the optimum direction in which the directivity of the UHF antenna 20 can be orientated is upward because this directivity is opposite to the reflector. If, in the graph of FIG.
  • the XX axis is taken as the horizontal plane of the UHF antenna 20 and the reflector 20B of the UHF antenna 20 is located at the center point 3 of the graph, the directivity in the vertical plane is orientated upward shown by a solid line curve 77.
  • the graph of FIG. 17 shows the case where a frequency of the UHF signal is selected as 600MHz. In this case, the maximum directivity is inclined from the vertical plane by about 20 to the side of the waveguide (in the graph to the left side).
  • the directivity of the UHF antenna 20 is orientated to the vertical direction with the result that the maximum direction of the directional pattern coincides with the wave incoming direction (in general, the wave comes from the upper side due to diffraction) to improve the directivity much more.
  • the reason why the outer diameter of the UHF antenna 20 is selected smaller than the inner diameter of the VHF antenna 10 and the former is disposed within the latter is to reduce the size of the antenna apparatus T and also to minimize the affect of the VHF antenna 10 on the UHF antenna 20 as much as possible.
  • the VHF antenna I0 is divided into eight parts or conductive elements, but the same effect can be performed by dividing the VHF antenna l0 into more than eight parts. Further, in the above embodiment the length of the divided conductive elements is selected equal with one another, but it is also possible to divide the VHF antenna 10 into conductive elements different in length. It is only necessary to arrange to avoid that the UHF signal is induced in the VHF antenna 10.
  • the VHF antenna 10 is disposed on the substantially horizontal plane and the UHF antenna is disposed within the VHF antenna 10 and above the same spaced a predetermined distance therefrom as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, so that the VHF antenna 10 acts to a minimum degree as a reflector of the UHF antenna 20 and hence the directivity of the UHF antenna 20 is directed to the vertical direction thereof as shown in FIG. 17.
  • the maximum direction of the directivity coincides with the wave incoming direction to provide the antenna apparatus T with superior directivity qualities as compared with the prior art.
  • the UHF antenna 20 can be located close to the VHF antenna 10, so that the antenna apparatus T itself can be reduced in size and thus be formed as a compact structure. Accordingly, the antenna apparatus T is preferred as a room antenna for use with a television receiver which room antenna is often disposed on the cabinet of the television receiver.
  • Antenna apparatus having combined elements for receiving VHF and UHF signals, comprising:
  • VHF antenna member disposed in a loop formed of plural, spaced apart conductive plates, a first pair of adjacent plates being connected to feeding terminals, a second pair of adjacent plates opposite said first pair of plates being interconnected by a load impedance, and at least third and fourth pairs of adjacent plates being interconnected, respectively, by at least first and second respective UHF signal trap means, each of said trap means comprising a parallel resonant circuit for presenting maximum impedance to received UHF signals;
  • UHF antenna member spaced from said VHF antenna member and extending within a circular area having a diameter less than the diameter of said VHF antenna loop, said UHF antenna member including a wave-guide conducting plate, a radiator conducting plate and a reflector conducting plate, and having optimum directivity in a direction substantially normal to the plane of said VHF antenna loop;
  • first rotatable support means mechanically coupled to said VHF antenna member for rotating same in the plane of said loop
  • second rotatable support means coaxial with said first rotatable support means and mechanically coupled to said UHF antenna member for rotating same in a plane parallel to said loop.
  • said first rotatable support means comprises a ring-shaped body to which said spaced apart conductive plates are coupled; said first and second rotatable support means being rotatable independently of each other.
  • said second rotatable support means comprises a sphericalshaped body to which said wave-guide, radiator and reflector conducting plates are coupled.
  • VHF antenna member further includes at least one conductive rod coupled to one of said conductive plates by a further UHF signal trap comprising a parallel resonant circuit for presenting maximum impedance to received UHF signals.
  • each of said conductive rods comprising a main antenna portion and a sub-antenna portion slidably mounted on said main antenna portion by a slidable insulating member, an end portion of said sub-antenna portion being wound about said insulating member to form a parallel resonant trap circuit for presenting a higher impedance to VHF signals above a predetermined frequency.
  • VHF antenna member is formed of at least eight conductive plates having at least four UHF signal trap means coupled thereto.

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US479101A 1973-06-15 1974-06-13 Antenna having combined elements for VHF and UHF signals Expired - Lifetime US3918063A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2347793A1 (fr) * 1976-04-07 1977-11-04 Mecaniplast Antenne interieure de reception d'ondes electromagnetiques realisee a partir d'elements d'antenne separes, assembles sur un support
FR2494919A1 (fr) * 1980-11-25 1982-05-28 Rca Corp Antenne du type cadre destinee a etre inseree dans un recepteur de television
US6606074B1 (en) 2002-04-03 2003-08-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Dual band satellite communications antenna system with circular polarzation
CN102882004A (zh) * 2012-06-29 2013-01-16 华为技术有限公司 一种电磁耦极子天线
US8632009B2 (en) * 2012-05-17 2014-01-21 Auden Techno Corp. Near field magnetic coupling antenna and RFID reader having the same

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6419803A (en) * 1987-07-15 1989-01-23 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Antenna
US8186498B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2012-05-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Handrail for passenger conveyor
JP2009089317A (ja) * 2007-10-03 2009-04-23 Dx Antenna Co Ltd 室内アンテナ装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3623110A (en) * 1968-09-10 1971-11-23 Sony Corp Loop antenna with spaced impedance elements
US3721990A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-03-20 Rca Corp Physically small combined loop and dipole all channel television antenna system
US3739388A (en) * 1971-08-16 1973-06-12 Rca Corp Antenna structures
US3761933A (en) * 1972-09-21 1973-09-25 Rca Corp Loop antenna with distributed impedance near the terminating gap

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE789847A (fr) * 1971-12-16 1973-04-09 Oreal

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3623110A (en) * 1968-09-10 1971-11-23 Sony Corp Loop antenna with spaced impedance elements
US3739388A (en) * 1971-08-16 1973-06-12 Rca Corp Antenna structures
US3721990A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-03-20 Rca Corp Physically small combined loop and dipole all channel television antenna system
US3761933A (en) * 1972-09-21 1973-09-25 Rca Corp Loop antenna with distributed impedance near the terminating gap

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2347793A1 (fr) * 1976-04-07 1977-11-04 Mecaniplast Antenne interieure de reception d'ondes electromagnetiques realisee a partir d'elements d'antenne separes, assembles sur un support
FR2494919A1 (fr) * 1980-11-25 1982-05-28 Rca Corp Antenne du type cadre destinee a etre inseree dans un recepteur de television
US4380011A (en) * 1980-11-25 1983-04-12 Rca Corporation Loop antenna arrangement for inclusion in a television receiver
US6606074B1 (en) 2002-04-03 2003-08-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Dual band satellite communications antenna system with circular polarzation
US8632009B2 (en) * 2012-05-17 2014-01-21 Auden Techno Corp. Near field magnetic coupling antenna and RFID reader having the same
CN102882004A (zh) * 2012-06-29 2013-01-16 华为技术有限公司 一种电磁耦极子天线
CN102882004B (zh) * 2012-06-29 2016-08-03 华为技术有限公司 一种电磁耦极子天线
US9590320B2 (en) 2012-06-29 2017-03-07 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Electromagnetic dipole antenna

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CA1021054A (fr) 1977-11-15
JPS5017750A (fr) 1975-02-25
JPS5753684B2 (fr) 1982-11-15

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