US391706A - Barton - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

J. B. HANNAY.

SPRAY LAMP 0R RURNRR PoR LRRTIRG 0R RRATING.

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JAMES B. HANNAY, OF COVE CASTLE, LOCH LONG, COUNTY OF DUMn BARTON, SCOTLAND.

SPRAY LAMP OR BURNER FOR LIGHTHNG OR HEATING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 391,706, dated October 23, 1888.

Application filed June 7, 1887. Serial No. 240,540. '(No model.) Patented in England February 2, 1887, No, 1,632.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, .Lines BALLANTYNE HANNAY, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of Cove Castle, Loch Long, in the county of Dumbarton, Scotland, have invented certain Improvements in Spray Lamps or Burners for Lighting or Heating, (for which I have obtained British Patent No. 1,632, dated February 2, 1887,)01" which the following is a specication.

My said invention comprises an improved construction of the lamp or burner, with its accessory parts, as hereinafter particularly fle-- scribed with reference to the accompanying drawings. The improved lamp or burner has also combined with it a torch or wick supplied with oil for the purpose of relighting the main flame when accidentally extinguished.

In spray lamps or burners as hitherto made and worked the oil has been either drawn to the nozzle by the sucking action of the steam or compressed air employed, or has been made to issue from the nozzle by the action of a moderate head or pressure; also, even when compressed air has been used to form the jet of spray, it has been the practice for the jet of spray to receive a large portion of the air necessary for its complete combustion after the jet has been formed. By my present invcntion, however, 1 cause the oil to issue from an inner nozzle with a pressure equal to or somewhat greater than that of the compressed air employed, and l lead the air through a pipe inclosing the oil-pipe and inner nozzle, and formed with an outer nozzle through which the air and oil issue together. l also cause the supply of air under pressure to the compound nozzle to be in quantity sufficient, or nearly so, for the complete combustion of the oil. I employ a pressure of from fifteen to twenty-five pounds per square inch, or even more in some cases, such pressure being obtained by pumps, or in any other convenient way.

With these improvements the oilspray produced is made extremely tine, and its combustion is made very intense and complete throughont the thickness of the jet, owing to the admixture with the oil of sufficient air at the outset.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of the complete burner. Fi g. 2 is a full-size plan of thejet-nozzle employed when working with steam, Eig. 3` being a corresponding vertical section, and Fig. 4 an inverted plan. Fig. 5 is an inverted horizontal section, as at the line A A in Fig. l. Fig. 6 is au elevation, drawn to a small scale, showing the lamp or burner complete and as connected to an oil-reservoir placed ata higher level; andFig. 7 is an elevation showing the lamp or burner complete and with the oil-res ervoir at a lower level, the oil-reservoir being in vertical section.

In my improved lamp or burner air is admitted to the lower part of 4the iiarne within the combustion vessel or cup 10,which is made wholly or partly cylindrical, through holes indicated by dotted lines and formed round the lower part of the cup. The air enters through these holes into an annular space between the shell of the cup and an inner cylindrical shell, 11, which inner shell prevents currents of air from proceeding directly and unequally to the flame. Air entering the holes passes up over the inner shell, 11, and is deflected downward from aboveitbyacurved inner shell 9. Round the upper part of the interior of the cup 10 there is coiled a pipe, 12, through which the compressed air or steam is passed, so as to become superheated by the dame.

The nozzles for the jets of oil and steam are made in an improved manner, insuring their being concentric with eachv other and causing the jets to issue regularly and uniformly. The inner nozzle, 13, for the oil is made with its extreme end cylindrical and with a small round central hole, audit projects just through the orifice of the outer nozzle, 14, the last-named orice being shaped as though first made cylindrical to t the inner nozzle and subse quently having tine grooves formed all round it, the steam issuing in an annular series of numerous iine jets. The nozzles are enlarged conically at a short distance below their orifices, and at a lower part, 15, tit each other cylindrically,grooves being formed at the cylin-x drical part for the passage of the steam. With this improved construction vibration and noise are diminished, and, with a View of further di- IOO minishing them, two, three, or more orifices may be provided in one nozzle or in separate nozzles for the oil-spray to issue from; or in some cases I make the jet orifice in the form of a straight or curved or cruciform slit. When compressed air is used, the nozzles may be made as formerly, but with the orifices of the outer nozzle of about the same size as that of the inner nozzle and with a small space between the inner and outer nozzles, in which the air and oil can interinix.

As a provision against the extinguishing of the iiame by the presence of water in the oil,or other cause, I arrange a small wickburner or torch, 16, in connection with the main burner. This torch 16 isa smalltube containinga wick, 17, of asbestus or other suitable material, and connected by a branch pipe, 18, and valve 19 to the main ascension oil-pipe 20, its upper end being placed inside the bottom 21 of the cup, so that the small permanent flame ol' the Wick may relight the main iiame whenever it happens to become extinguished.

Thesupply of oil in the main pipe 20 is regulated by means of a screw stop-valve, 22, the spindle of which passes through a stuffing-box, and which is fitted in connection with an inlet-passage, 23, formed at the lower end of the main pipe 20. The supply oi" compressed air or steam is :regulated by means of a stop-valve, 24, which is, by preference, fitted also to the main pipe 20, s o that the two valves 22 and 24 can be near together for joint regulation. rlhe compressed air or steam is led by a pipe (not shown) to an inlet branch,-25, (shown in Fig. 5 and indicated by a dotted circle in Fig. 1,) and this inlet branch 25 communicates by a passage, 26, with the oriiicecontrolled by the valve 24, and apassage, 27, leads from that oriice to a pipe, 28, which is connected to the coiled pipe 12 inside of the burner cup 10. The other end of the coiled pipe 12 has connected to it a pipe, 29, which leads into the upper part, 30, of the main pipe 20. In this part 30l an inner pipe, 31, is fixed to lead the oil up centrally to the oil-nozzle 13, while the compressed air or steam passes up round this inner pipe, 3l, to the space between the inner and outer nozzles, 13 14.

In my improved lamp or burner, which may be arranged to project the flame in a vertical, inclined, or horizontal direction, the jet of spray may be formed by means of steam or compressed air. When steam is used, I arrange the oil-reservoir 32, as shown in Fig. 6, at such a height that the oil led to the burner by a pipe, 33, will issue from the oil-nozzle 13 without requiring any sucking action of the steam, as such sucking action involves a greater consumption of steam and a consequent inferiority in the flame. Vhen the oilreservoir cannot conveniently be placed at a sufficient height, I apply steam-pressure to raise the oil from a vessel or tank, 34, below the burner, as shown in Fig. 7, by means of a flexible bag, 35, placed within the Vessel or tank and connected to a branch steam-pipe, 36. Ih'e steam acts directly or through water in the interior of the bag, and is thus prevented from mi-Xing with the oil. Whether using air or steam, I prefer to insure its thorough dryness by passing it through a vessel or through the piping 12, heated by the iiame.

I do not claim in this case the process described of spraying oil, as that forms the subject of a separate application for a patent tiled by me January 17, 1888, Serial No. 260,598.

I claim as my invention- 1. In combination, an inner oil-nozzle, 13,

having a cylindrical upper end and a cylindrical base with a conical intervening part, and an outer nozzle, 14, havinginternal cylindrical and conical counterparts of the inner nozzle and grooves in the cylindrical part-s for Ithe passage of the steam, the said nozzles being relatively adjustable, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the burner-nozzle and superheating-coil leading to the nozzle, with the single main ascension-pi pe 20, having both oil and air passages within it and provided with valves 22 and 24, the oil-passage continuing through said main pipe to the burnernozzle, and a branch, 28, forming a communication between the air or steam passage and the heating-coil.

3. Ihe combination of a spray-burner having an oil-nozzle and an outer nozzle for compressed air with a compressed-air-supply pipe having a valve, means for supplying oil to the burner under pressure, a valved pipe leading the oil to the burner, and a branch from the oil-pipe,between the valve of the latter and the burner, containing a wick, all. substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

J. B. HANNAY.

. Witnesses:

EDMUND HUNT, D. FERGUSON.

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