US3916650A - Device for opening or closing latched needles of a knitting machine - Google Patents

Device for opening or closing latched needles of a knitting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3916650A
US3916650A US472880A US47288074A US3916650A US 3916650 A US3916650 A US 3916650A US 472880 A US472880 A US 472880A US 47288074 A US47288074 A US 47288074A US 3916650 A US3916650 A US 3916650A
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United States
Prior art keywords
latch
needle
knitting machine
portions
curved face
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Expired - Lifetime
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US472880A
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English (en)
Inventor
Techniker Gerhard Schmidt
Antonius Vinnermann
Rainer Bender
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Franz Morat GmbH
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Franz Morat GmbH
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/28—Needle pressers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/08—Needle latch openers; Brushes

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A knitting machine having needles with pivotal latches which are opened or closed by magnetic means having a surface adjacent the tips of the pivotal latches so that the latches are progressively opened and closed when there is relative movement between the needles and the magnetic means.
  • the surface of the magnetic means corresponds substantially with the line followed by the tip of the latch as it is opened or closed.
  • This invention relates to a device for opening or closing the latched needles of a knitting machine.
  • Known devices which include a magnetic pole surface to open or close the latched needle of a knitting machine have electromagnets or pennanent magnets which, depending on the type of knitting machine, are arranged on a movable sliding carriage or on a stationary part of the machine, so that either the magnetic pole surface is moved past the needle or the needle is moved past the magnetic pole surface and the latches are opened or closed by magnetic forces, see for example US-PS 2,997,866.
  • a device for opening or closing the latched needles of a knitting machine comprising a magnetic pole surface designed in accordance with a preselected curved track of the tips of the latches during the opening or closing movement.
  • the surface of the magnetic pole may include a pole of increased magnetic pole strength in the region of the initial position of the needle latch, so that the magnetic forces at the initial position have a relatively high value and the forces of friction or inertia, which are greatest at the beginning of the opening or closing process, can be overcome with certainty.
  • the surfaces of the magnetic poles preferably have the shape of a helical line or are of an elliptical form.
  • the surfaces of the magnetic poles may be conveniently designed as permanent magnets.
  • the surfaces of the magnetic poles are preferably so designed that they cannot come into contact with the needle latches even if the latter are in an incorrect position.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically show the relevant part of a flat or circular knitting machine
  • FIG. 3 shows a latched needle, with the latch open to different degrees, and the curved path described by the tip of the latch during opening with a linear movement of the latched needle;
  • FIG. 4 shows the latched needle of a circular knitting machine with the latch open to different degrees, and the curved path of the tip of the latch with a nonlinear movement of the latched needle;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a permanent magnet with a magnetic pole surface embodying the invention in which it is possible to see the positions of the needle latch relative to the surface of the magnetic pole during an opening process;
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are a side view and plan view of the permanent magnet of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 shows the relative positions of the needle latches with respect to a multiplicity of magnetic polar surfaces during an opening process
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate the manufacture of the magnetic pole surfaces.
  • Flat knitting machines include at least one needle bed 1 which has grooves running at right angles to its longitudinal direction within which latched needles 2 are arranged so as to be able to move up and down.
  • the up and down movement of the latched needles'2 takes place under the control of needle cams 3, which include guides, (not shown) which operate in conjunction with butts of the needles.
  • the needle cams 3 are attached to a sliding carriage 4, which is moved to and fro above the needle bed 1 in a direction at right angles to the length of the needles.
  • Circular knitting machines FIG.
  • a device 8 by means of which the latches of the needles 2 are opened can be arranged in conjunction with either type of knitting machine and mounted on either the sliding carriage 4 or the cam box ring.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the latched needles 2 of knitting machines of these types in various positions.
  • the latch 13 In the position a, the latch 13 has been pivoted so far about its centre of rotation 15 that it closes the needle hook 17 completely and thus makes the smallest possible angle B with the shank of the needle.
  • the latch 13 makes an angle B or B respectively with the shank of the needle, so that the needle is partially opened.
  • the full opening of the needle In the position d the full opening of the needle has in fact been reached with the angle B where the angle B corresponds either to the position of widest opening on constructional grounds or to an angle of opening desired for knitting purposes, for instance
  • the transition from state a to state d can take place in various ways.
  • the tips of the latches 13 move on a circular path 19 (FIG. 3) with the needles 2 at rest, the centre point of the circular path being the centre of rotation 15.
  • the needles perform a linear movement, in the direction at right angles to that in which they extend, during the opening and closing process (e.g. in the direction of the arrow P in FIG. 3) then the circular movement of the tips of the latches will be superimposed on a linear movement, so that, as a whole, the tips of the latches follow a curved track 21 which lies on the surface of a cylinder, whose radius is equal to thelength of the latches.
  • the tips of the latches move, during opening and closing, on a curved track which lies in the surface of a toroid, whose radius corresponds, on the one hand to the radius of the needle cylinder and, on the other hand, to the length of the latches.
  • the curved track on which the tips of the latches move during opening and closing also depends on the manner in which the latches are opened and closed. If the pivoting of the latch takes place with a constant angular velocity dB/dt and the linear movement of the needles with a constant velocity, then the curved track of the tips of the latches corresponds to a helical line, while different angular velocities of the latches or of the needles may lead to numerous other curved tracks.
  • FIG. 4 a case is illustrated in FIG. 4 where the needles have an additional superimposed movement in the direction in which they extend, which may for instance be caused by a needle cam of the knitting machine.
  • the curved track of the tips ofthe latches may easily be calculated.
  • the data discussed above are used to design the form of the surfaces of the magnetic poles which serve to open or close the latches in such a way that the tips of the are, preferably, also guided on such a curved track as is Y easily realisable technically.
  • the device 8 includes a permanent magnet 23, generally in the form of a squared block with length s, one pole surface 25 of which is so designed that the latches 13 of needles 2 moved in the direction of the arrow P are gradually opened.
  • the surface 25 of the pole if the opening or closing process is to take place with constant angular velocity, will correspond to the inner surface of a partial section, in the form of a helical line, cut from the surface of the cylinder with a curvature over the distance X which is approximately equal to 125. Since, however, an exact helical line requires relatively high technical costs, the pole surface 25 is preferably designed to elliptical.
  • An ellipse is obtained by sectioning a cylinder at an angle between 0 and 90 to the cylinder axis, so that any ellipse obtained in this manner fulfills the requirements of a possible curved track whose points as a whole lie in the surface of the cylinder.
  • the length of the curved elliptical track depends on the angle through which the latch is to be pivoted and on the linear path X through which the needle is to be displaced relative to the surface of the pole or the surface of the pole displaced relative to the needle, in order to bring about the complete opening or closing process.
  • the distance of the pole surface 25 from the needle 2 is so chosen that it is impossible for the pole surface to be contacted by the tip of the latch at any position, even if the needles 2 are brought up to the pole surface 25 in an already partly opened state or cannot be opened on account of bending or catching, or at least not completely opened.
  • the latches 13 can take up any arbitrary pivoted position without contacting the pole surface 25.
  • the pole surface 25 includes a pole 27, which serves to significantly increase the magnetic field at this point on the pole surface and thus to give the latch 13 the necessary acceleration to overcome the initial friction and inertia.
  • the magnetic field strength may be lower, since it only has to produce a force to hold and to guide the latches which are steadily opening wider.
  • the latches 13 of theneedles 2 are always newly directed so as to remain pointing at right angles to the surface of the pole and the magnetic lines of force run parallel to the direction in which the latches extend. By this means the latches are continuously held under control, and experience no additional acceleration or retardation in one or other direction of rotation.
  • the permanent magnet 23 can be used both with a circular knitting machine with a rotating needle cylinder, where it will be mounted in a fixed position, and with a flat knitting machine.
  • the permanent magnet 23 is conveniently built into the sliding carriage and is thus moved above the needles at the height of the needle hooks by the to and fro movement of the said carriage.
  • the tips of the latches perform only a circular movement. Nevertheless this introduces no difference with respect to the functioning of the opening process when the pole surface 25, as in FIG. 5, is moved in the directioin opposite to the arrow P.
  • the pole 27 is first moved past the needles in their fixed position, thus initiating the opening process, while subsequently the elliptical surface of the pole moves past the needle latches and causes the points of the needles to be always set at right angles to it.
  • the latches 13 are thus continually opened wider.
  • a corresponding process can also take place with a circular knitting machine with a needle cylinder in a fixed posi-- tion and a rotatable cam box ring, if the permanent magnet 23 is attached to the cam box ring.
  • the surface 25 of the pole has a form which corresponds with the track of the tips of the latches in each of the three cases.
  • the closing process can be carried .out by means of the same permanent magnet 23 and the same pole surface 25, in that, either the permanent magnet is arranged in the reverse direction, or it is moved in the opposite direction relative to the needles. It would be convenient in this case for the pole 27 to be displaced to the opposite end of the pole surface 25, so that the closing process can also be initiated with certainty.
  • polesurface 25 need not be continuous but may be designed as a pole surface 29 assembled from a multiplicity of small individual magnets. arranged next to'each other, which, as isshown in FIG-'8, are ar ranged with increasing degree of obliquity according-to the desired state .of opening of the latches. Finally, the pole surfaces 25 01:29 may also bei designed as pole shoes of electrorrlagnets instead of as permanent magnets 23. Approximate solutions for the surfacesof the poles aresalso possible. 1 '1,
  • the projection length P which depends on the angle [3,, [3 is first determined so that, the value of X being known, the angle of application 6 can be calculated from the equation, tan 6 P/X and the length s can be calculated from the equation cos 0 X/s, see FIG. 10.
  • a pole surface 25, milled in this way, is well suited to the opening or closing of the latches of the needles, but it is certainly necessary to take care that in the adjustment of the pole surface to the knitting machine the angle of application 0 is observed exactly, which, in this case, corresponds to the angle between the work piece and its direction of transport or to the angle between the work piece and the path of the centre of rotation t5.
  • the latches of the needles are to be opened or closed at several positions within the knitting machine, it is convenient to give the same polarity to all the pole faces in order to avoid undesirable effects due to the residual magnetism remaining in the needles.
  • the device illustrated has the important advantage that the tips of the latches are permanently in direct proximity to the surface of the magnetic pole during a normal opening or closing process and are thus guided by the magnetic surface. If, on the contrary, the needles are brought up to the magnetic polar surface in an already partly opened state, the tips of the latches enter into the direct proximity of the surface of the magnetic pole at some point on their path and are then once again opened or closed from this point as in the normal case.
  • the device illustrated enables positive opening or closing of the needle while pivoting the latches through a preselected angle. This is achieved without high construction cost and with the use of relatively low magnetic field strengths.
  • v 1 In a knitting machine comprising a movable needle bed, at least one knitting needle mounted thereon; a latch pivotally mounted on said needle, said latch having atip movable to an open position and a closed position with respect to said needle, said tip moving along a curved path when said latch is pivoted to one-of said positions; and magnetic-meansmounted on said ma-, chine in a fixed position and having-a' curved face adjacent said needle bed, the pathof ,saidtip and; the curved face of said magnetic-means having substantially .the same curvature, said facegmagneticany attracting and guiding said: latch'to one of said positions when said needle bed is moved past said magnetic means.
  • said further portions including first portions successively increasingly spaced fromsaid needle and then successively decreasingly spaced from said needle when said magnetic means is moved past said needle bed in one direction whereby said leading portion initiates and said further intermediate portions and said trailing portion successively continue and terminate the pivoting of said latch, each of said further intermediate portions being located close to the tip of said latching positions of said latch between said open and closed positions.
  • Device for opening and closing a latch pivotally mounted on at least one latch needle said latch having a tip movable to an open and a closed position, said latch needle being mounted on a needle bed
  • said device comprising: magnetic means having a curved face located adjacent said latch needle for magnetically attracting said pivotal latch, said curved face having a leading portion, a trailing portion and further intermediate portions between said leading and said trailing portions, said portions being arranged on a curve shaped so that said latch is magnetically and progressively guided and pivoted to one of said positions when said needle bed and said curved face are relatively moved in one direction with respect to each other.
  • said curved face has the shape of a helix the axis of which is substantially parallel to the direction of the movement of said needle bed and lies in the axis of rotation of said latch.
  • said curved face has the shape of an ellipse which lies in plane, said plane and the direction of movement of said needle bed forming an angle.
  • said curved face has the shape of a helix the axis of which is substantially parallel to the direction of the movement of said magnetic means and lies in the axis of rotation of said latch.
  • said curved face has the shape of an ellipse which lies in a plane, said plane and the direction of movement of said magnetic means forming an angle.
  • said needle bed is a rotatable needle cylinder having a plurality of said knitting needles mounted thereon and wherein said plurality of said knitting needles are moved by said needle cylinder past said magnetic means for pivoting the latches of said needles to one of said positions.
  • said knitting machine has a flat needle bed having a plurality of said knitting needles mounted thereon and further comprises a carriage for movement past said needle bed, said magnetic means being mounted on said carriage.
  • a device wherein said portions of said face form a helix such that said latch is pivoted in one of said positions when said needle bed and said face execute relative motion in a direction parallel to the axis of said helix.
  • a device wherein said portions of said curved face of said magnetic means lie on 8 an ellipsoidal curve such that said latch is pivoted to one of said positions when said needle bed and said curved face are relatively moved with respect to each other in a direction oblique to the plane of said ellipsoidal curve.
  • a device wherein said leading portion of said curved face has a greater magnetic field strength for initiating the pivotal motion of said latch than said other portions.
  • said curved face is composed of a plurality of spaced segmental face portions, said portions being spaced along a helical line.
  • said curved face is composed of a plurality of spaced segmental face portions, said portions being spaced along an ellipsoidal line.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)
US472880A 1973-05-28 1974-05-23 Device for opening or closing latched needles of a knitting machine Expired - Lifetime US3916650A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2327228A DE2327228A1 (de) 1973-05-28 1973-05-28 Einrichtung mit einer magnetpolflaeche zum oeffnen bzw. schliessen der zungennadeln einer strickmaschine

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US3916650A true US3916650A (en) 1975-11-04

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US472880A Expired - Lifetime US3916650A (en) 1973-05-28 1974-05-23 Device for opening or closing latched needles of a knitting machine

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US (1) US3916650A (es)
AT (1) AT342175B (es)
AU (1) AU6864174A (es)
BE (1) BE815611A (es)
CH (1) CH570489A5 (es)
CS (1) CS172887B2 (es)
DD (1) DD111221A5 (es)
DE (1) DE2327228A1 (es)
DK (1) DK285474A (es)
ES (1) ES426935A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2231790B3 (es)
GB (1) GB1474601A (es)
IL (1) IL44739A (es)
IT (1) IT1012834B (es)
LU (1) LU70160A1 (es)
NL (1) NL7406148A (es)
SU (1) SU546288A3 (es)
ZA (1) ZA742790B (es)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4916925A (en) * 1988-10-31 1990-04-17 Monarch Knitting Machinery Corporation Needle latch cushioning member for circular knitting machines
US20100147035A1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Groz-Beckert Kg Knitting machine without holding-down sinkers

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2092931B1 (es) * 1993-04-15 1998-01-16 Texma Maquinaria Textil S L Dispositivo accionador de agujas compuestas en maquinas de tejer cuerda de punto indesmallable.
CN112323234B (zh) * 2020-09-30 2022-07-29 百润(晋江)科技有限公司 一种可调节圆机翻针闭针器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1533446A (en) * 1921-04-13 1925-04-14 Acme Knitting Machine & Needle Needle-latch-opening device for knitting machines
US2796732A (en) * 1953-05-12 1957-06-25 Napier & Son Ltd Gas producing apparatus of the gas turbine type
US2966784A (en) * 1958-02-07 1961-01-03 Stibbe G & Co Ltd Circular knitting machine of the superimposed needle cylinder type
US2997866A (en) * 1960-05-23 1961-08-29 Ashe Magnetic latch opener and demagnetizer
US3236068A (en) * 1962-11-02 1966-02-22 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1533446A (en) * 1921-04-13 1925-04-14 Acme Knitting Machine & Needle Needle-latch-opening device for knitting machines
US2796732A (en) * 1953-05-12 1957-06-25 Napier & Son Ltd Gas producing apparatus of the gas turbine type
US2966784A (en) * 1958-02-07 1961-01-03 Stibbe G & Co Ltd Circular knitting machine of the superimposed needle cylinder type
US2997866A (en) * 1960-05-23 1961-08-29 Ashe Magnetic latch opener and demagnetizer
US3236068A (en) * 1962-11-02 1966-02-22 Scott & Williams Inc Knitting machine

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4916925A (en) * 1988-10-31 1990-04-17 Monarch Knitting Machinery Corporation Needle latch cushioning member for circular knitting machines
US20100147035A1 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Groz-Beckert Kg Knitting machine without holding-down sinkers
US7810357B2 (en) * 2008-12-12 2010-10-12 Groz-Beckert Kg Knitting machine without holding-down sinkers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SU546288A3 (ru) 1977-02-05
IT1012834B (it) 1977-03-10
FR2231790B3 (es) 1977-03-04
CS172887B2 (es) 1977-01-28
IL44739A (en) 1976-08-31
BE815611A (fr) 1974-11-28
AT342175B (de) 1978-03-28
NL7406148A (es) 1974-12-02
CH570489A5 (es) 1975-12-15
DK285474A (es) 1975-01-13
DE2327228A1 (de) 1974-12-19
GB1474601A (en) 1977-05-25
IL44739A0 (en) 1974-06-30
ATA336574A (de) 1977-07-15
AU6864174A (en) 1975-11-06
ES426935A1 (es) 1976-07-16
DD111221A5 (es) 1975-02-05
LU70160A1 (es) 1975-02-24
FR2231790A1 (es) 1974-12-27
ZA742790B (en) 1975-05-28

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