US3915869A - Metal forming lubricant - Google Patents

Metal forming lubricant Download PDF

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Publication number
US3915869A
US3915869A US478820A US47882074A US3915869A US 3915869 A US3915869 A US 3915869A US 478820 A US478820 A US 478820A US 47882074 A US47882074 A US 47882074A US 3915869 A US3915869 A US 3915869A
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United States
Prior art keywords
water
lubricant
oil
parts
soluble
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US478820A
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English (en)
Inventor
Toru Katono
Yoshio Hachisu
Ryozi Saito
Kazushi Goto
Haruo Kubotera
Kenzi Araki
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JFE Engineering Corp
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Nippon Kokan Ltd
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Publication date
Priority claimed from JP7680468A external-priority patent/JPS4836830B1/ja
Priority claimed from JP8251968A external-priority patent/JPS505147B1/ja
Priority to GB55175/68A priority Critical patent/GB1261358A/en
Priority to CA035,737A priority patent/CA958695A/en
Priority to BE724294D priority patent/BE724294A/xx
Priority to NL6816683A priority patent/NL6816683A/xx
Priority to DE19681810412 priority patent/DE1810412A1/de
Priority to FR1601458D priority patent/FR1601458A/fr
Application filed by Nippon Kokan Ltd filed Critical Nippon Kokan Ltd
Priority to US478820A priority patent/US3915869A/en
Publication of US3915869A publication Critical patent/US3915869A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
    • B21C9/02—Selection of compositions therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/101—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones and phenols, e.g. Also polyoxyalkylene ether derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/102—Polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/26—Amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/022—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amino group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/044—Polyamides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/045—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/242—Hot working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/243—Cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
    • C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT a A water-soluble surface-active agent selected from semi-hydrogenated beef tallow potash soap, oleic acid potash soap, o1eic acid soda soap, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan trioleate, lauryl amino acetate, and stearyl amino acetate;
  • a water-soluble synthetic resin which is a combination of an oil-modified alkyd resin with a phenol or cresol-novolac-type resin.
  • the invention relates to a lubricant for coating steel, particularly steel sheets, to prepare the steel for forming operations, particularly deep-drawing.
  • Deep-drawing of steel sheets is particularly used for making automobile parts, electrical home appliance parts and metal pipes. It is also used on steel for drawing to form metal wires, particularly electric wires.
  • the lubricant for these purposes must form a film on the metal and must meet a number of requirements.
  • the present invention accordingly, has the object to provide for a lubricant for these purposes which will meet all of these requirements and still be easily applicable to the steel, in particular to steel sheets for deep drawing operations.
  • a lubricant which comprises a mixture of a surface-active agent and a water-soluble synthetic resin in relative amounts between 20 and 80 parts of surface-active agent and between 80 and 20 parts of water-soluble resin.
  • the lubricant includes 1 to 50 parts of a water-soluble or water-emulsifiable lubricating oil for each 100 parts of the mixture of surface-active agent and water-soluble resin.
  • the steel is coated with the lubricant after preheating to between 80 and 100C and subsequent drying so as to reduce its moisture content to below 10% by weight.
  • the coating is thereafter applied to the steel.
  • FIG. 2 is a comparative diagram showing on one hand a conventional lubricant, and on the other hand the lubricant of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a similar comparative diagram showing the drying speed of the lubricant of the invention compared with the drying speed of soap;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the amount of lubricant coated on the steel and the limit of drawing ratio (LDR)(maximum drawing ratio);
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the relationship bewteen the residual moisture on the steel and the limit of drawing ratio (LDR) in a steel coated with the lubricant of the invention.
  • the lubricant of the invention is suitable for stamping speeds in excess of 20 m/min.
  • Conventional dry lubricants used for this purpose fail at speeds exceeding 10 m/min. They'are only good for rates up to mm/min.
  • the properties of the lubricant of the invention do improve with higher stamping speeds.
  • the lubricant of the invention is suitable for stamping speeds even in excess of 20 m/min.
  • a wide range of water-soluble surface-active agents may be used in the lubricants of the invention. Reference is made to the comparative tests with different lubricants illustrated in Table 6 below.
  • a broad list of suitable surface-active agents includes the following:
  • Anionic water-soluble surface-active agents aliphatic acid salts in carboxylic acid soap of the formula RCOONa(K,NI-I wherein R: C C
  • alkali metal soaps of saturated or unsaturated aliphatic acids for example oleic acid soda soap, oleic acid potash soap, castor oil soap, beef tallow soda soap, soyabean oil soap.
  • X is an acid
  • R R and R are H or alkyl from C to C
  • An example is acetamine (lauryl amine acetate, C H NH -CH COOH, [Acetamine 24 made by Kao Soap Company] or stearyl amine acetate [Acetamine 86 made by the same company]).
  • polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers RO(C I-l O),,I-I, for example polyoxyethylene-oleyl ether (Emulgen 430 of the Kao Soap Company [C H O(C 4 2).
  • polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkylesters for example Emasol 4130 of the same company, a polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate
  • sorbitan alkyl esters for example Emazol 430, which is sorbitan trioleate (aromatic group), made by the same company.
  • Preferred anionic water-soluble surface-active agents are saturated aliphatic acid salts having 8 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • the water-soluble synthetic resins may be the following:
  • Resins which generally come under the term phenolic resins such as cresol-modified novolac-type resms;
  • alkyd resins such as linseed oil, coconut oil, or castor oil modified alkyd resins
  • phenolic-alkyd resin combinations such as linseed oil-modified alkyd resins which are combined (further modified) with a cresol or phenol novolac resin.
  • the resins must be water-soluble and should also be soluble in combination with the surface-active agent and the water-soluble oil.
  • a third component is included in the combination.
  • This is a water-soluble or water-emulsifiable oil, by which term is understood an oil which is dispersed in water by emulsification.
  • the amounts of the three components are as follows:
  • the mixture between surface-active agent and watersoluble synthetic resin should comprise to 80 parts of the surface active agent and 80 to 20 parts of the water-soluble resin.
  • the results regarding adhesion to the steel sheet are generally poor. Conversely, if the water-soluble resin exceeds 80 parts, and the surface-active agent is present in correspondingly lower amounts, the resultant mixture becomes too sticky and the resistance to sticking and blocking is decreased.
  • the oil would have no appreciable effect.
  • the oil exceeds 50 parts of the mixture of the mixture of surface-active agent and resin, it will be difficult to obtain uniformity of the composition because of coagulation.
  • water-soluble surface-active agent 30-70 parts water-soluble synthetic resin 7030 parts water-soluble oil 5-40 parts
  • the lubricant is applied in an aqueous solution of a water content of between 5 and 60% by weight. Again, if the amount of water is too small, the solution becomes sticky and no uniform coating will be obtained. On the other hand, if too much water is added, the dry- 4 ing is too slow and a film of suitable thickness is hard to obtain.
  • inclusion of the oil as a third component is definitely preferred because of the increased lubrication and the resulting improvement of the forming and drawing operation.
  • the lubricant of the invention In applying the lubricant of the invention at a ratio, for instance, of 10 g/m it was found that if the moisture content was to be reduced below 5%, as is desirable in some cases, it was necessary to apply a hot-air blast of a temperature of 150C at a speed of application of 5 m/sec for a period of 35 seconds in case of a sheet of 0.8 mm thickness. If the sheet had a thickness of 3.2 mm, the application of the hot-air blast was for 60 seconds. Accordingly, if the conveyor moved, for example, at a speed of 60 m/min, a drying zone of more than 60 m in length would be required on which length no guiding roll should be provided. This obviously would result in difficulties with the apparatus. Besides, more difficulties would occur with respect to the tracking of the sheet. The cost of equipment, in any case, would be excessively high.
  • the lubricant of the present invention is slow-drying.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a comparison of the lubricant of the invention with a water-soluble surface-active agent used alone in the form of a soap.
  • the lubricant of the invention retains approximately 40% of the original moisture after a period of 90 minutes. Thereafter, and during a period of about 16 hours, it still retains 35% of the original moisture. Soap alone retains only 15% after 30 minutes and approximately 2% after a period of 60 minutes.
  • the coating of the present invention is applied in an amount of 3 to 20 g/m Most preferably the amount is between 10 and 20 g/m
  • the residual moisture is thus dried to an amount of less than 10% of the initial moisture, and preferably to an amount below 5%.
  • the reduction of the moisture is best obtained by rapid drying with a hot-air blast.
  • the physical and chemical properties of the lubricant are thereby preserved at their maximum value while the moisture is reduced.
  • the coating is effected by subjecting the metal sheet, metal strip or wire to a preceding cleansing with a degreasing solution and then to a heat treatment at a temperature of -l00C.
  • the preheating treatment may be effected by a high-pressure steam blast on the order of 2 to 15 kg/cm directed against the surface of the steel sheet or, alternatively, the sheet may be immersed in hot water at a temperature above C.
  • Table 1 illustrates the heating times required to heat a steel sheet up to C for various thicknesses and various methodsof applying heat.
  • the lubricant is applied by coating. This may be done by air spray or by other methods such as rollers or immersion.
  • the viscosity of the lubricant should be such as to permit application within -45 seconds with a Ford Cup No. 4, depending on the amount of lubricant applied and the speed of the conveyor belt.
  • the lubricant should be at a temperature between room temperature (25C) and 50C, but it may also be applied at high temperatures up to 90C, depending on circumstances.
  • the sheet may then be passed through squeeze rollers to adjust the amount of coating. If the application is by immersion at a temperature of about 90C, it is also possible to omit the entire preheating step.
  • the coated sheet then is preferably dried by a hot-air blast.
  • Table 2 shows the drying time for coating a dry metal sheet with the lubricant of the invention at an amount of 10 g/m and a residual moisture content of 5%.
  • the lubricant employed in these and other tests was that of Example 1, to be described below.
  • the lubricant of the invention may be used on any kind of steel sheet or steel of other forms. However, a sheet steel of a thickness below 3.2 mm is preferred. Preferably, the coating of this type of sheet steel is effected at a conveyor line speed below 100 m/min.
  • the optimum concentration of the aqueous solution applied 6 is between 25 and 60% by weight. Preferably, the amount applied of the lubricant is about 1 to 30 g/m on the dry sheet.
  • the hot blast for drying is preferably applied at a temperature between and 200C and a blast velocity of 2 to 20 m/sec.
  • the residual moisture should in any case be below 10% and preferably be below 5%.
  • water-soluble synthetic resin used in the lubricant of the invention contains an amine group, a separate anti-corrosion agent may not be necessary. Otherwise, it is preferred to add about 0.05 to 5% of anti-corrosion agent, this amount being relative to the total amount of lubricant.
  • the particular commercial product is identified as Hitanol 6080N. This is a product of the Hitachi Company, Ltd. of Japan.
  • Example 5 a similar resin was used, except that the novolac-type resin was a phenol resin. This product is identified as Hitanol 311 of the same company.
  • the alkyd resin is the conventional reaction product of a polybasic acid and polyhydric alcohol.
  • the polybasic acid was phthalic anhydride and the alcohol was glycerol.
  • tung oil or castor oil modification could also be resorted to.
  • the water-soluble surface-active agent in all above tables and all examples was beef tallow soda soap. However, in Table 6, included in Example 4, comparisons are shown with other water soluble surface-active agents which show that similar results can be obtained with other surface-active materials.
  • the beef tallow soda soap used in the above tables and the examples is the product commercially available under the tradename Dice-Lex and is a product of the Nippon Oil and Fat Company, Ltd. of Japan.
  • EXAMPLE 1 18.6 parts of beef tallow soda soap as identified above, 18.6 parts of a water-soluble phenol-modified linseed-modified alkyd resin, and 6.9 of water-soluble oil were dissolved in 55.9 parts of water at a temperature of 60-80C.
  • the water-soluble phenol alkyd resin had a pH of 9.0, a viscosity of 4.10 (poise) and a reddish-brown color.
  • the water-soluble oil had a density of 0.93, a contents of non-volatiles of 93% and also a reddish-brown color.
  • the steel sheet was a sheet of 460 mm width (blank diameter) and 0.8 mm thickness. It was first cleansed and degreased. The lubricant was then applied and, after application, was subjected to drying for 6 minutes at a temperature of 120C. A well-dried film of high anti-stick properties was thus obtained.
  • the sheet itself consisted of cold-rolled steel.
  • the flat-bottom deepdrawing in the following test was effected with a die punch of 200 mm diameter SR and an opposed die of 203 mm diameter R. After carrying out the drawing operation on the coated steel sheet, the outer diameter, after breakage, was measured to determine the lubri- :ating property of the deep-drawing operation.
  • the so-called superior stamping oil B was a commerzial product used for control purposes, which had a vis- :osity of 660.
  • the outer diameter after breakage was 105-41 1 mm.
  • the lubricant in these cases was also apalied to the die side of the steel sheet.
  • FIG. 1 shows that the inter diameter, after breakage, with a lubricant vherein the beef tallow soda soap and the water-soluale phenol alkyd resin were present at a ratio of 50:50 1nd the amount of water-soluble oil was varied as indi- :ated, the different figures for the outer diameter after )reakage were obtained.
  • the low figure with a vater-soluble oil addition is particularly remarkable.
  • Stamping oil A machine oil viscosity Stamping oil B (machine oil viscosity 660)
  • EXAMPLE 3 16 parts of beef tallow soda soap, 24 parts of watersoluble phenol alkyd resin, and 10 parts of water-soluble oil were dissolved in water as in Example 2. This solution, as in Example 2, was applied on the die side of cold rolled steel sheet (SPC-3, 480 mm blanked diameter and 0.8 mm thickness).
  • Table 4 shows the test results of flat acetate Kagak" KL) 407 bottom deep drawing obtained when these lubricants dissolved in 50 parts of warm water were coated on the EXAMPLE 6 die side of cold rolled steel sheet similar to that in Ex- 15 ample 1, followed by drying.
  • Example 2 12.9 parts each of the water-soluble cutting oils in Table 8 were added to parts of beef tallow soda soap and 20 parts of phenol TABLE 6 alkyd resin.
  • Table 8 shows the test results as 1n Example 20 l in which flat bottom deep drawing was carried out Soaps g i z using the lubricant dissolved in 50 parts of warm water.
  • Table 10 shows the results obtained by coating the above lubricant on hot rolled steel sheet of 3.2 mm
  • Table 12 shows the results of similarly performed excellent 0 medium 7 X poor coating amount: 10 g/m load: 2 kg/cm
  • Table 12 shows the results of similarly performed excellent 0 medium 7 X poor coating amount: 10 g/m load: 2 kg/cm
  • the lubricant of the present invention is coated on steel sheet with water-soluble skin pass oil, there is only little effect obtained. That is to say, when the lubricant of this invention was coated in an amount of 10 g/m on cleansed steel sheet by the method of the invention, the LDR was 2.39.
  • the steel sheet was coated with the commercial product Multi-luble 50 A (trade name) in an amount of 0.2 g/m the limit of the drawing ratio was 2.36.
  • Table 1 3 shows comparative, tests of cold drawing properties obtained in following two methods: 50 parts of water were added to the mixture of 23 parts of Dice- Lex which is beef tallow soda soap and 27 parts of Hitanol 6080 N (water-soluble phenol alkyd resin). The mixture was heated to-C and coated on carbon steel tube STKM44 (42.7 mm in outer diameter and 4.5 mm
  • the tube was drawn to a reduction in 13 area of 20%, 30% and 40%, respectively, and the drawing loads were measured.
  • values were obtained by using zinc phosphate and fatty acid soap.
  • the present invention got nearly equal results with those of the above-mentioned lubricants which were obtained in substantially more complicated processes.
  • Example 8 7.0 parts of water-soluble oil were mixed with 21.5 parts of beef tallow soda soap and 21.5 parts of water soluble phenol alkyd resin. 50 parts of water at 20C were then added. The solution formed was heated to 70C, and the same steel tube as in Example 8 was drawn to reduction in area of 20%, 30% and 40%, and the drawing loads were measured. As described in Example 8, the values thus obtained were compared with those obtained by using zinc phosphate and fatty acid soap lubricant. Table 14 shows the comparison tests.
  • the lubricant of the invention does not require the conventional zinc phosphate treatment (80C), water-washing thereafter, neutralizing treatment (80C) and fatty acid soap treatment (75C). That is, the lubricant of the invention is treated at 2040C and this step of treatment therefore is very simple. After drawing even if being left for 1 month, no corrosion is noted, and if washed in alkali after drawing, metallic glaze remained on the surface. Roughness of surface was less than 1 micron in H max.
  • EXAMPLE 12 7.0 parts of water-soluble oil were added to 21.5 parts of beef tallow soda soap and 21.5 parts of watersoluble phenol alkyd resin. Thereto 50 parts of water were added.
  • the lubricant was used for coating mild steel wire, electric copper wire and electric aluminum wire, each being 1.54 mm in diameter, and each then drawn to a reduction in area of 20%. The drawing load was compared with those necessary with the conventional lubricant, as shown in Table 17.
US478820A 1967-11-22 1974-06-12 Metal forming lubricant Expired - Lifetime US3915869A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB55175/68A GB1261358A (en) 1967-11-22 1968-11-20 Lubricant compositions for metal-forming processes and the method of coating metals therewith
CA035,737A CA958695A (en) 1967-11-22 1968-11-20 Dry lubricant for metal-forming process and the method of manufacturing metals therewith
FR1601458D FR1601458A (fr) 1967-11-22 1968-11-22
NL6816683A NL6816683A (fr) 1967-11-22 1968-11-22
BE724294D BE724294A (fr) 1967-11-22 1968-11-22
DE19681810412 DE1810412A1 (de) 1967-11-22 1968-11-22 Trockenes Schmiermittel fuer Metallformverfahren und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallen mit diesem Schmiermittel
US478820A US3915869A (en) 1967-11-22 1974-06-12 Metal forming lubricant

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7476267 1967-11-22
JP7680468A JPS4836830B1 (fr) 1968-10-23 1968-10-23
JP8251968A JPS505147B1 (fr) 1968-11-13 1968-11-13
JP8259168 1968-11-13
US13215171A 1971-04-07 1971-04-07
US478820A US3915869A (en) 1967-11-22 1974-06-12 Metal forming lubricant

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BE (1) BE724294A (fr)
CA (1) CA958695A (fr)
DE (1) DE1810412A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR1601458A (fr)
GB (1) GB1261358A (fr)
NL (1) NL6816683A (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4043924A (en) * 1973-06-07 1977-08-23 General Electric Company Water based green tire lubricant
US4066560A (en) * 1976-09-20 1978-01-03 General Electric Company Silicone compositions useful as green tire lubricants
FR2427383A1 (fr) * 1978-05-18 1979-12-28 Hasegawa Shiro Procede pour stabiliser le couple des pieces d'assemblage et pieces d'assemblage a couple stabilise
EP0341688A1 (fr) * 1988-05-10 1989-11-15 Hitachi, Ltd. Procédé de fabrication de conducteurs électriques à l'aide d'une composition lubrifiante
WO1992021737A1 (fr) * 1991-06-03 1992-12-10 Henkel Corporation Lubrifiant a emission de poussiere reduite et procede de preparation de metaux pour formage a froid
US5840095A (en) * 1993-12-09 1998-11-24 Teikoku Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for producing flat metal powder directly from melt
US6841246B2 (en) * 1997-11-11 2005-01-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Wire for welding

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5151297A (en) * 1990-03-26 1992-09-29 Armco Steel Company, L.P. Thermoplastic acrylic coated steel sheet
WO1993019225A1 (fr) * 1992-03-25 1993-09-30 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Fil d'acier presentant une excellente aptitude au façonnage en ressort, et production de ce fil

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2774684A (en) * 1953-06-12 1956-12-18 Montgomery H A Co Method and apparatus for applying lubricants to sheet metal
US2979417A (en) * 1957-06-26 1961-04-11 Straumann Inst Ag Method of preparing self-lubricating watch and clock parts and the coated article
US3023163A (en) * 1959-02-18 1962-02-27 Montgomery H A Co Drawing lubricant coating composition
US3336225A (en) * 1966-01-17 1967-08-15 Dow Chemical Co Method and composition for reducing friction on conveyors
US3432434A (en) * 1967-05-19 1969-03-11 Mobil Oil Corp Alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon emulsion lubricant for metal rolling
US3779918A (en) * 1968-05-04 1973-12-18 Sumitomo Electric Industries Lubricant-containing polymeric synthetic resin composition

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2774684A (en) * 1953-06-12 1956-12-18 Montgomery H A Co Method and apparatus for applying lubricants to sheet metal
US2979417A (en) * 1957-06-26 1961-04-11 Straumann Inst Ag Method of preparing self-lubricating watch and clock parts and the coated article
US3023163A (en) * 1959-02-18 1962-02-27 Montgomery H A Co Drawing lubricant coating composition
US3336225A (en) * 1966-01-17 1967-08-15 Dow Chemical Co Method and composition for reducing friction on conveyors
US3432434A (en) * 1967-05-19 1969-03-11 Mobil Oil Corp Alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon emulsion lubricant for metal rolling
US3779918A (en) * 1968-05-04 1973-12-18 Sumitomo Electric Industries Lubricant-containing polymeric synthetic resin composition

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4043924A (en) * 1973-06-07 1977-08-23 General Electric Company Water based green tire lubricant
US4066560A (en) * 1976-09-20 1978-01-03 General Electric Company Silicone compositions useful as green tire lubricants
FR2427383A1 (fr) * 1978-05-18 1979-12-28 Hasegawa Shiro Procede pour stabiliser le couple des pieces d'assemblage et pieces d'assemblage a couple stabilise
US4362450A (en) * 1978-05-18 1982-12-07 Nippon Oil And Fats Co. Ltd. Torque stabilizing method for fasteners and torque stabilized fasteners
EP0341688A1 (fr) * 1988-05-10 1989-11-15 Hitachi, Ltd. Procédé de fabrication de conducteurs électriques à l'aide d'une composition lubrifiante
WO1992021737A1 (fr) * 1991-06-03 1992-12-10 Henkel Corporation Lubrifiant a emission de poussiere reduite et procede de preparation de metaux pour formage a froid
US5840095A (en) * 1993-12-09 1998-11-24 Teikoku Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for producing flat metal powder directly from melt
US6841246B2 (en) * 1997-11-11 2005-01-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Wire for welding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1601458A (fr) 1970-08-24
BE724294A (fr) 1969-05-02
GB1261358A (en) 1972-01-26
NL6816683A (fr) 1969-05-27
CA958695A (en) 1974-12-03
DE1810412A1 (de) 1969-07-03

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