US3913170A - Door closer - Google Patents

Door closer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3913170A
US3913170A US538007A US53800775A US3913170A US 3913170 A US3913170 A US 3913170A US 538007 A US538007 A US 538007A US 53800775 A US53800775 A US 53800775A US 3913170 A US3913170 A US 3913170A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
piston
outlet
closure member
cylinder
door
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US538007A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sunao Nakane
Kiyoyasu Wake
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Miwa Lock KK
Miwa Lock Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Miwa Lock KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Miwa Lock KK filed Critical Miwa Lock KK
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3913170A publication Critical patent/US3913170A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/23—Actuation thereof
    • E05Y2201/232—Actuation thereof by automatically acting means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/43—Motors
    • E05Y2201/448—Fluid motors; Details thereof
    • E05Y2201/458—Valves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A door closer for affording a controlled closing movement to a door including a return spring, an oil hydraulic piston and cylinder means, and a valve for generating a damping force when the door closers, said valve comprises a movable valve member for regulating oil flow through the valve, and a himetal element connected with the movable valve member in re sponse to the change in the temperature thereby attaining a substantially constant closing speed of the door irrespective to the change in the temperature.
  • This invention relates to a door closer for closing a door automatically.
  • a door closer is known to public for closing a door automatically, and usually, it comprises a link arm for connecting the door closer with a door or with a stationary part of a building. a return spring for affording an actuating force to the door closer, and a clamping device for affording a suitable closing speed to the door.
  • An oil hydraulic cylinder piston mechanism is commonly used as the clamping device of the door closer, in which oil is forced to flow through an enclosed passage including an orifice and, the damping force is given by the resistance of oil flowing through the orifree.
  • a speed regulating valve for adjusting the closing speed of the door which enables manual adjustment when it requires has been proposed, but it is very inconvenient to adjust each of a large number of door closers as required.
  • the regulating valve is arranged to contact with oil directly, and a manual actuating member extends outside through the housing of the door closer, thus, there remains a sealing problem and a wear problem at a position where the rotatable or slidable actuating member extending through the housing. Therefore, the door closer having such manual regulating valve will not work satisfactorily for a very long service life required for a door closer.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a door closer affording substantially constant door closing speed regardless of the change in the circumferential temperature thus preventing the troublesome manual adjustment which otherwise required for user of the door closer.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a door closer which enables to omit a door closing speed regulating valve having an oil seal which tends to cause oil leakage especially when the regulating operation is performed and an actuating member of the valve wears.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a damping device for a door closer having a very simple and compact construction and being adapted to be easily composed into the hitherto used door closer by a small modification and effective to afford substantially constant and suitable door closing speed regardless of the circumferential temperature.
  • the door closer of this invention comprises an oil hydraulic piston and cylinder means adapted to cause oil flow in an enclosed space formed within the housing of the door closer when a piston of said piston and cylinder means moves in one direction, a valve for controlling said oil flow, the movable member of said valve being connected with a bimetal element so as to move automatically in response to the change in circumferential temperature thereby controlling the valve opening automatically.
  • the valve for controlling the oil flow of this invention may comprise a through hole formed in one of the end plates closing one end of the cylinder and communicating with the other end of the cylinder, a movable valve plate slidably engaging with the inner serface of said end plate for cooperating with the inner periphery of said through hole, and a bimetal element one end of which being connected with the valve plate and the other end of which being secured to the end plate.
  • the through hole may extend axially the valve plate having a generally flat surface slides along the inner surface of a plate-like formed end closure member for adjusting the opening area of the valve.
  • the valve for controlling oil flow of this invention may comprise an opening disposed at one end of the cylinder and on the inner cylindrical wall thereof, an arcuate valve plate urged against said cylindrical wall slidably in circumferential direction, and a bimetal element one end of which being connected pivotally to the valve plate and the other end of which being secured to an end plate closing said one end of the cylinder.
  • the bimetal element is formed as generally U-shaped plate-like member.
  • FIG. I is a longitudinal cross section of an oil hydraulic damping device adapted to be composed in a door closer of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section along line AA of FIG. I.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section along line 8-8 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross section along line CC of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross section of another oil hydraulic damping device of a door closer of this invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross section along line DD of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic drawing showing the relative position between the valve plate and the opening.
  • FIG. 9 is a drawing similar to FIG. 8, but showing the position when the oil flow passage opens widely.
  • FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the bimetal element and the valve plate of FIGS. 6-9.
  • FIG. 1 shows an oil hydraulic clamping device adapted to be composed in a door closer of this invention.
  • a return spring for affording the actuating force to the door closer, a link mechanism for connecting the door closer with a door or with a building, and a housing for receiving the mechanism and protecting it from dust or moisture are omitted from the drawing.
  • a piston 3 is slidably received in an inner cylinder 2 defining first and second chambers therein. Cylinder 2 is enclosed coaxially within an outer cylinder or a housing 7, the inside of which is filled with oil 1.
  • a piston rod 11 secured to the pist 1n 3 extends rightward in FIG. I to the outside of the housing. 9 is a rod guide and closes the right end of the cylinder 2, and 10 is an oil seal.
  • the outer end of the piston rod 11 is connected with a link mechanism (not shown) and normally urged leftward by a return spring (not shown).
  • the piston 3 has a plurality of axial through holes 4.
  • a plate valve 6 cooperates with the holes 4 and urged in its closed position by a Belleville spring 5.
  • These members 4, 5 and 6 form a check valve which opens when the piston 3 moves rightward in FIG. 1 and allows relatively free oil flow across the piston 3. But the check valve closes when the piston moves leftward.
  • a space 8 is formed which acts as an oil passage communicating with the both ends of the cylinder 2.
  • An oil passage 13 having a check valve 12 and an oil passage 14 communicating the space 8 with a clearance formed between the rod guide 9 and the oil seal are disposed in the rod guide 9.
  • a small hole or holes 15 are formed in cylindrical wall of the cylinder 2 at the mid portion thereof as shown in the drawing.
  • the left end of the cylinder 2 is closed by an end closure plate 16, and a space 17 is formed between the end plate 16 and the left end of the outer cylinder 7.
  • the space 17 is communicated with the space 8.
  • a strut 18 is disposed on the inner side ofthe plate 16 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 for securing one end of a U-shaped plate-like bimetal element 19.
  • the other end of the bimetal 19 is pivotally con nected with a valve plate 20 acting as a throttle valve.
  • a through hole 23 is formed in the end plate 16 the inner end of which constitutes a stationary valve member cooperating with the valve plate 20 which slides on the inner surface of the end plate 16. As shown in FIGS.
  • a fan-shaped recess 24 is formed at the inner end of the through hole 23.
  • a further check valve comprising a through hole 22 and a ball 21 is disposed in the end plate 16.
  • the oil damper acts as follows.
  • the piston 3 moves rightward in FIG. 1.
  • the check valve 6 opens, and oil in the right side of the piston 3 flows into the left side of the piston thus affording relatively small resistance to the door.
  • the check valve 21 opens, and a quantity of oil corresponding to the movement of the piston rod 11 drawn out from the cylinder 2 flows into the left side of the piston 3.
  • the bimetal l9 and the valve 20 take the position shown in the solid line in FIG. 2, but when the room temperature descends, the bimetal 19 takes the position shown in the chain line in FIG. 2 and, the valve 20 moves in the arrow a direction in FIGS. 4 and 5 affording a larger valve opening area.
  • bimetal l9 and the valve act to change the valve open ing area in response to the change in the room tempe rature.
  • the configuration of the recess 24 formed in the upper end of the hole 23 and the characteristics of the bimetal 19 can be suitably determined to provide a substantially constant damping force or the door closing speed regardless of the room temperature.
  • valve 20 is forced to contact with the inner surface of the end plate 16 and with the periphery of the hole 23 by oil pressure in the left side of the piston 3, thereby thefluctuation in the damping force will not occur and, the valve operates stably.
  • the oil damper can afford a substantially constant damping force regardless of the change in the room temperature, thus, the door closer of this invention can avoid such deficiencies as a remarkable change in the door closing speed between winter and summer.
  • the construction of the oil damper is very simple and, it can be manufactured at a low cost. Since the adjustment is performed automatically, it is not necessary to adjust from the outside, thus, the door closer is very convenient to handle.
  • FIGS. 6-10 show another embodiment of this invention.
  • the door closer comprises a housing 25 having a through bore or cylinder 2.
  • a cup-shaped piston 3 is slidably received in the cylinder 2, defines first and second chambers therein and is urged rightward in FIG. 6 by a return spring 25 acting between an end cap 34 closing the left end of the cylinder 2 and the inner base of the cup of the piston 3.
  • a check valve 27 is disposed in a through hole 26 formed in the piston 3.
  • On the side wall of the cup there provided a rack 29 for engaging with a pinion 30 rotatably supported in the housing 25, and the rotation of the pinion 30 is transmitted to a door through a suitable link mechanism (not shown).
  • the cylinder 2 is filled with oil, and an oil passage 31 formed in the wall of the housing 25 connects the both ends of the cylinder 2 as shown in the drawing.
  • a manual regulating valve 32 is arranged in the passage 31 for restricting oil flow through the passage.
  • the passage 31 opens at the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of an annular recess 40 in the wall of the cylinder 2, and the opening 31 of the same acts as a damping force generating opening which will be hereinafter described in detail.
  • the right end of the cylinder 2 is closed by an end cap 33 and an end plate 35.
  • a bimetal element 19 having configuration similar to that of the first embodiment is secured to the plate 35 by utilizing an attachment l8 and screws.
  • a valve plate 20 having an arcuate outer surface is connected to the bimetal element 19 and cooperates with the damping force generating opening which is shown by numeral 31' in FIGS. 8-10.
  • the valve plate 20 can slide circumferentially along the inner surface of the cylindrical recess when reciprocated by the element 19.
  • 36 and 36 are pins supporting the valve plate 20. The pins enable smooth movement of the plate 20 and avoid any undersirable force which might act on the bimetal element 19.
  • the plate 20 has spaced, parallel arms 42 thereon, and the connection between the plate and the element 19 is achieved by inserting the free end of the element in trapezoidally cross sectioned recesses 37 in the ends of the arms (FIG. 10).
  • the numeral 38 shows a locating pin for the end plate 35.
  • the nose edge of the valve plate forms an oblique line relative to the direction of movement (horizontal in the drawings) of the valve 20, which enables a fine or an incremental non-arithmetic adjustment.
  • the bimetal 19 takes the position shown in solid line in FIG. 7.
  • the bimetal 19 bends and takes the position shown in chain line in FIG. 7.
  • the valve 20 moves from FIG. 8 to FIG. 9.
  • the valve opening increases in response to the decrease in the room temperature, thereby the increase in the damping force due to increase in the oil viscosity can be compensated.
  • the manual regulating valve 32 is arranged to perform the initial adjustment, and it is not necessary to manipulate it in use and, therefore, it is possible to omit the valve 32.
  • the embodiment does not show the small hole 15, it is possible to provide a suitable small hole connecting the oil passage 31 with the inside of the cylinder 2 and being closed by the piston 3 at the midstroke thereof.
  • the door closer of this invention can close a door at a suitable speed regardless of the change in the room temperature, and enables to omit a manual adjusting valve which is very troublesome to handle and which has a very serious problem in preventing oil leakage.
  • a housing having a cylinder formed therein and a piston slidably engaged in the cylinder to reciprocate axially thereof and define first and second chambers therein, means yieldably biasing the piston in one axial direction of the cylinder, means for interconnecting the piston with the door so that during opening of the door said means for interconnecting moves the piston in the other axial direction of the cylinder against the bias thereon, and means for damping the reciprocation of the piston in the one axial direction of the cylinder under the bias thereon when the door is released, including a hydraulic fluid charge in the cylinder, means defining a first fluid flow path and a second fluid flow path between said first and second chambers, check valve means in the first fluid flow path whereby the fluid can flow therethrough only from the second chamber to the first chamber, when the piston is reciprocated in the other axial direction of the cylin der, and throttle valve means in the second fluid flow path whereby the fluid flow from the first chamber to the second chamber is throttled at a variable rate when the
  • valve closure member is slidable circumferentially along the inner surface of a cylindrical recess, said outlet opening through said surface.

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  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
US538007A 1972-06-27 1975-01-02 Door closer Expired - Lifetime US3913170A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1972075098U JPS4935547U (OSRAM) 1972-06-27 1972-06-27

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US3913170A true US3913170A (en) 1975-10-21

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US538007A Expired - Lifetime US3913170A (en) 1972-06-27 1975-01-02 Door closer

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CA (1) CA979933A (OSRAM)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4726452A (en) * 1984-12-20 1988-02-23 Texas Instruments Incorporated Fluid flow control apparatus
US5090089A (en) * 1987-06-13 1992-02-25 Eco Schulte Gmbh & Co. Kg Automatic door closing device
US5106065A (en) * 1989-09-11 1992-04-21 Fichtel & Sachs Industries, Inc. Self-blocking gas spring with temperature-responsive bypass valve
US5184703A (en) * 1988-04-12 1993-02-09 Itt Corporation Shock absorber with piston valve for adjustable damping
US5842255A (en) * 1995-10-25 1998-12-01 Luca; Valentin Door closers with automatic latching or/and delayed action
DE10228510A1 (de) * 2002-06-26 2004-01-15 Geze Gmbh Ventil für einen Türschließer
US20100287729A1 (en) * 2009-05-15 2010-11-18 Zheijang Moer Hardware Mfg Co., Ltd. Hydraulic Door Closer
US9492832B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2016-11-15 Rain Bird Corporation Sprinkler with brake assembly
US9700904B2 (en) 2014-02-07 2017-07-11 Rain Bird Corporation Sprinkler
US10350619B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2019-07-16 Rain Bird Corporation Rotary sprinkler

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4442341A1 (de) * 1994-11-29 1996-05-30 Geze Gmbh & Co Türschließer

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1119013A (en) * 1912-03-28 1914-12-01 Toledo Scale Co Dash-pot.
US1876552A (en) * 1930-11-08 1932-09-13 beecher
US2683505A (en) * 1951-02-08 1954-07-13 Girard Alexandre Auguste Leon Viscosity compensator for hydraulic shock absorbers
US3006441A (en) * 1958-04-14 1961-10-31 Ford Motor Co Shock absorber
US3497904A (en) * 1965-12-30 1970-03-03 Jose L Merayo Door regulating devices
US3532195A (en) * 1968-12-23 1970-10-06 Ford Motor Co Hydraulic shock absorber with temperature responsive valve
US3791494A (en) * 1971-03-11 1974-02-12 Maremont Corp Temperature compensating means for a hydraulic shock absorber

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1119013A (en) * 1912-03-28 1914-12-01 Toledo Scale Co Dash-pot.
US1876552A (en) * 1930-11-08 1932-09-13 beecher
US2683505A (en) * 1951-02-08 1954-07-13 Girard Alexandre Auguste Leon Viscosity compensator for hydraulic shock absorbers
US3006441A (en) * 1958-04-14 1961-10-31 Ford Motor Co Shock absorber
US3497904A (en) * 1965-12-30 1970-03-03 Jose L Merayo Door regulating devices
US3532195A (en) * 1968-12-23 1970-10-06 Ford Motor Co Hydraulic shock absorber with temperature responsive valve
US3791494A (en) * 1971-03-11 1974-02-12 Maremont Corp Temperature compensating means for a hydraulic shock absorber

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4726452A (en) * 1984-12-20 1988-02-23 Texas Instruments Incorporated Fluid flow control apparatus
US5090089A (en) * 1987-06-13 1992-02-25 Eco Schulte Gmbh & Co. Kg Automatic door closing device
US5184703A (en) * 1988-04-12 1993-02-09 Itt Corporation Shock absorber with piston valve for adjustable damping
US5106065A (en) * 1989-09-11 1992-04-21 Fichtel & Sachs Industries, Inc. Self-blocking gas spring with temperature-responsive bypass valve
US5842255A (en) * 1995-10-25 1998-12-01 Luca; Valentin Door closers with automatic latching or/and delayed action
DE10228510B4 (de) * 2002-06-26 2013-09-12 Geze Gmbh Ventil für einen Türschließer
DE10228510A1 (de) * 2002-06-26 2004-01-15 Geze Gmbh Ventil für einen Türschließer
US20100287729A1 (en) * 2009-05-15 2010-11-18 Zheijang Moer Hardware Mfg Co., Ltd. Hydraulic Door Closer
US10350619B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2019-07-16 Rain Bird Corporation Rotary sprinkler
US11084051B2 (en) 2013-02-08 2021-08-10 Rain Bird Corporation Sprinkler with brake assembly
US9492832B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2016-11-15 Rain Bird Corporation Sprinkler with brake assembly
US9700904B2 (en) 2014-02-07 2017-07-11 Rain Bird Corporation Sprinkler
US10507476B2 (en) 2014-02-07 2019-12-17 Rain Bird Corporation Sprinkler with brake assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA979933A (en) 1975-12-16
JPS4935547U (OSRAM) 1974-03-29

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