US3906679A - Vibratory finishing machine - Google Patents

Vibratory finishing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3906679A
US3906679A US366036A US36603673A US3906679A US 3906679 A US3906679 A US 3906679A US 366036 A US366036 A US 366036A US 36603673 A US36603673 A US 36603673A US 3906679 A US3906679 A US 3906679A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tank
machine
passageway
annular
mixture
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Expired - Lifetime
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US366036A
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English (en)
Inventor
Paul Riedel
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Oxy Metal Finishing Corp
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Oxy Metal Finishing Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
    • B24B31/06—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers
    • B24B31/073—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor involving oscillating or vibrating containers involving a bowl being ring- or spiral-shaped

Definitions

  • VIBRATORY FINISHING MACHINE This invention relates to vibrator machines for treatment of workpieces.
  • Vibrator machines are used for example for the mechanical or mechanico-chemical or chemical surface treatment or workpieces; machines of this kind comprise a tank, in which the required treatment operation is given, and a vibration generator coupled with a motor or electromagnet or a vibrator which can be me chanical or hydraulic or pneumatic. The vibrations are so applied to the treatment tank that the workpieces to be treated move therein relatively to the treatment agents in a way determining the quality and speed of the treatment work.
  • This invention relates to a machine of the latter kind and concerns more particularly improvements in orrelating to that part of the machine forming the sidepassage adjacent the treatment tank.
  • the invention relates first to a process for surfacetreating workpieces and, upon the completion of treatment, sorting the ingredients of the mixture comprising the treated workpieces and the treatment agents, the mixture moving during treatment in an annular tank of a vibrator machine, such tank being in lower crosssection substantially half-round with its bottom lying in a horizontal base plane, the mixture moving, in response to vibrations continuously imparted to the tank, both in unidirectional displacement along the trough of the tank and also in a rolling motion generally transverse to the displacement, and in which after treatment at least the direction of the rolling motion and possibly the direction of the displacement of the mixture are rc-' versed by a change in the mode of the vibrations so that t the mixture passes freely out of the trough of the tank, through an aperture which is normally inaccessible to the mixture during the treatment phase thereof, and on to at least one screen which starts near the aperture and, there at least, is coplanar with the tank base plane and overlies the bottom of a passage which extends adjacent to the tank and whose bottom is lower
  • the latter are returned automatically from the passage, through the agency of the vibrations agitating the tank, to the inside thereof through the exit from the passage; after the phase of sorting the treated workpieces and the treatment agents, the workpieces are moved, through the agency of the vibrations which agitate the tank and the screen rigidly secured thereto, along the screen operative surface from screen entry towards its exit and go to a reception zone,
  • This invention also relates to a vibrator machine for surface-treating workpieces and, upon the completion of treatment, sorting the ingredients of the mixture comprising the treated workpieces and the treatment agents, the machine comprising: an annular tank which is in lower cross-section substantially half-round with its bottom lying in a horizontal base plane and which is mounted on a frame with or without the interposition of resilient means; and a vibration generator for moving such mixture in the tank in a motion comprising a continuous unidirectional displacement along the tank and a rolling motion transverse to the displacement; and in which the annular tank has outside its substantially vertical outer side wall a passage which is adjacent the tank side wall and whose bottom is lower than the horizontal base plane, the interior of the tank communicating with the entry end of the passage by way of an aperture which is normally inaccessible to the mixture during the treatment phase thereof and which is freely accessible to the mixture during the sorting phase thereof; and at least one screen which, at least in the zone near the aperture where it starts, is coplanar with the tank base plane and overlies the bottom of the passage at
  • the screen is flat and horizontal and is entircly disposed in the tank base plane; the screen mesh size can be either uniform or non-uniform.
  • the top screen element retaining the workpieces while each lower screen element sorts or grades the treatment agents: the screen leads, preferably by way of a chute for the workpieces which have been treated and sorted by the vibration, to a reception area for such workpieces; the lower part of the passage below the screen may lead at its exit back into the tank interior via a return aperture which is normally inaccessible to the mixture during the treatment phase thereof; the return aperture is provided with a door which is closed during the treatment phase and is open during the sorting phase; the passage exit is preferably disposed, in the region of the return aperture.
  • the bottom of the passage rising, relatively to the horizontal base plane, along at least part of its length, in the direction upwards from the passage entry to the passage exit.
  • the passage bottom may be upwardly inclined along part of its length towards the exit, or it may be formed as a rising stairway or ladder or the like extending regularly upwardly towards the passage exit.
  • the annular tank may be circular, or oval or polygonal.
  • the vibration generator may be driven by a motor or an clectromagnet, or a mechanical or pneumatic or hydraulic or electronic or electromagnetic vibrator may be used.
  • the vibration generator may be disposed substantially at the centre of the machine, at least to some extent in the zone bounded by the substantially vertical tank inner wall; alternatively the vibration generator may be disposed at least to some extent at the tank periphery beyond the substantially vertical tank outer wall.
  • the vibration generator can provide a first impul sion to the mixture, in the treatment phase, such that the mixture in the tank moves in a motion comprising a continuous unidirectional displacement along the trough of the tank and also in a rolling motion substantially transverse to the displacement, whereafter the vibration generator can provide a second mode of vibration during the sorting phase whose impulsion will reverse at least the direction of the rolling motion and possibly also the direction of the displacement of the mixture in the tank.
  • the mixture forms a moving stream in continuous contact with the inside surface of the substantially vertical tank inner wall
  • the mixture forms a moving stream in continuous contact with the inside surface of the substantially vertical tank outer wall.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan of a vibrator machine embodying the invention, the machine comprising in this case a hexagonal annular tank around three sides of which extends a side passage for recyling treatment agents;
  • FIG. 2 is a section on the line llII of FIG. I with the vertical walls of the tank partly removed to show the end of the screen for separating the two ingredients of the mixture;
  • FIG. 3 shows the machine of FIG. 2 when operating for the actual treatment of the workpieces by the treatment agents
  • FIG. 4 is a view of the machine of FIG. 2 when operating in the phase in which treatment agents are separated from treated workpieces.
  • the vibrator machine illustrated comprises an annular tank 1 which in lower cross-section is substantially half-round and which has a substantially flat and horizontal base plate 2.
  • the tank 1 can be circular or oval or polygonal; in the particular case shown in FIG. I it is hexagonal.
  • Tank 1 is disposed on a frame 3 with the interposition of a resilient suspension, such as helical springs 4.
  • a motor 5 secured to the base plate 2 has on its vertical central shaft 6 a system of unbalanced weights, namely a bottom unbalanced weight 7 secured to the shaft 6 and a top unbalanced weight 8 which cannot move vertically on shaft 6 but which can rotate there-around and which is adapted more particularly to take up seriatim the position 8a of FIG. 3 and the position 8b of FIG.
  • the two members 7, 8 are eccentric of shaft 6 and at an angular offset from one another, so that the rotating system embodied by the motor 5 and the eccentric members 7, 8 can, after adjustments of a kind which are now well-known, Co-opcrate with the resilient suspension 4 to produce repeated vibrations which cause all the articles in the trough of the tank 1 to perform a complex motion.
  • the items in the tank trough form a mixture consisting of workpieces 9 and treatment agents 10, such as abrasives.
  • the mixture experiences in tank I a complex total motion comprising a continuous backwards, e.g. clockwise, circular displacement motion 11 and a rolling motion which is transverse to the displacement motion and which tends to apply the mixture to the inside surface of the tank inner wall 12, the same being sub stantially vertical; the radial component of the rolling motion is diagrammatically shown in FIG. 3 by the centripetally directed horizontal arrow 13.
  • the mixture is also moved in the tank 1 in a complex motion pattern in which the uniform continuous horizontal circular component of the mixture motion along the trough may reverse into the direction 14 indicated by solid-line arrows in FIG. I, the rolling component of the total motion also reversing so that the mixture tends in this case to be applied to the inside surface of the substantially vertical outer wall 15 of tank 1, the resultant of the rolling motion being directed centrifugally, as indicated by a horizontal arrow 113 in FIG. 4.
  • the wall 15 of the tank is formed with a first aperture 16, extending downwardly as far as the tank base 2, and with a second aperture 17, which extends downwardly to terminate well above the tank base 2.
  • the difference in levels between the bottom of the second aperture 17 and the tank base 2 is diagrammatically shown in FIG. 2 by the height I1, this value is the height of a step 18 which is operative on the mixture during the sorting phase thereof, when the step 18 acts as an element for retaining the mixture in the tank 1.
  • the apertures 16, '17 lead into and from a single side passage 19 which extends part of the way round the tank outside wall 15. Aperture 16 leads to the passage entry end and aper ture 17 leads from its exit.
  • the vertical walls of the passage 19 are formed by three consecutive sides 15a, 15b, l5c of the tank outside wall, by a front wall 20 substantially at right-angles to side 1511, by three peripheral sides 2.10, 2112, 21 parallel to the sides 15a, 15b, 150 respectively, and by a rear wall 22 which is substantially perpendicular to the parallel sides 15c and 210.
  • the bottom 23 of the passage 19 is lower than the bottom of the tank trough l at least in the zone opposite the first aperture 16.
  • a screen 25 extends horizontally above the bottom of the passage at its entry end and from the bottom of the first aperture 16 i.e., the screen 25 starts at the aperture 16 and is coplanar with the tank bottom.
  • the screen has a uniform mesh dimension which is smaller than the size of the treated workpieces and greater than the size of the treatment agents, so that the treated workpieces are retained on the operative surface of the screen whereas the treatment agents can drop through the screen to be separated from the workpieces, the treatment agents being collected on the bottom of the passage below the screen.
  • the screen edges are strengthened by a frame 26 which is at least partly embedded in some of the vertical walls bounding the passage 19 in its entry zone, inter alia the front wall 20 and the parallel edges 15a, 2lu which extend well above the horizontal plane in which the screen 25 is disposed.
  • the downstream end 25a of the screen extends beyond the passage 19, preferably by way of a discharge spout, to a reception area for the treated workpieces disposed on the side of the vibrating machine.
  • a door 27 which is movable relative to the aperture 17 is hinged about a vertical axis 28 disposed on the vertical edge of the tank outside wall which is opposite the rear wall 22 of the side passage 19.
  • the door 27 is usually closed and keeps the second aperture 17 closed during the treatment plasc, the door 27 then being normally open during the sorting phase.
  • This feature of the door 27 as an ancillary device is very advantageous if the parameter /1 is very small; however, there is no point in using a door 27 if the parameter h is large enough for the mixture of workpieces 9 and treatment agents 10 not to have a natural tendency to leave the tank through the aperture 17 into the passage 19 during the treatment phase.
  • the articles 9 for treatment and the abrasives 10 are placed at random in tank 1 and rest on its annular horizontal bottom to form a body of very uniform height.
  • the motor 5 is run backwards (clockwise in FIG. 1), the top unbalanced weight 8 being arranged in the position 8a of FIG. 3.
  • the mixture consisting of the workpieces and the abrasives experiences a continuous complex motion comprising at least a rearwards longitudinal displacement 11 around the trough and a rolling motion having the general tendency to press the vein or stream 30 formed by the mixture 9, 10 against the vertical inside tank wall 12.
  • the mixture'stream 30 is guided virtually exclusively by the half-round part of the tank.
  • the natural tendency of the mixture stream is to remain in the tank, since it experiences inter alia a centripetal force in the direction 13, and so the stream 30 never tends to move near the apertures 16, l7-in the tank outer wall 15.
  • the advantage of the vibrator machine embodying the invention is that, for instance (and preferably) immediately after treatment, the abrasives and the workpieces can be separated from one another without having to use a second machine or to fit the vibrator machine with extra equipment,
  • the only adjustment to the machine needed to change over from treatment to sorting is to impart a different motion to the mixture, the new motion having a centrifugal radial component so that the natural tendency of the mixture stream is to be applied to the tank outer wall 15 and therefore to flow freely through the aperture 16 which extends down to the bottom part of the tank base.
  • the motor is reversed so that it runs forwards (anti-clockwise); also, the top unbalanced weight 8 is shifted into the position 8b of FIG. 4.
  • the new vibrations imparted to the tank are also imparted to the mixture which now forms a stream or vein moving in a complex pattern comprising. for instance (and preferably) a continuous direct movement 14 along the annular trough of the tank and a rolling motion whose radial component is a centrifugal component 113.
  • the mixture stream 31 is applied to the inside surface of the tank outer wall 15 and so of course reaches the aperture 16 and passes therethrough.
  • the mixture portion 311! removed through aperture 16 reaches the operative surface of the screen which is above the bottom of the side passage 19 and lies in the plane of the tank bottom.
  • the abrasives drop through the screen meshes by gravity, as indicated by arrow 33, to collect on the bottom 23 of the side passage 19, but the treated workpieces, separated from the abrasives, continue their movement along the screen as indicated by an arrow 34, and are removed near the downstream part 25a of the screen to a reception area.
  • the abrasives 10 on the bottom thereof are subjected to a displacement motion which tends to move the abrasives 10 along the passage from the entry end of the passage towards its exit end. Consequently. the abrasives first move horizontally along the bottom of the side passage (arrow 35), and then, as indicated by a reference 36, rise up the slope 23a formed by the bottom of the side passage to the exit therefrom, to return to the tank through aperture 17 as indicated by an arrow 37.
  • the return of the abrasives 10 back to the tank through the aperture 17 in the side passage proceeds freely if the aperture 17 is devoid of closure means; if a door or gate or the like 27 is disposed opposite the aperture 17, the body of returned abrasives tends to rotate the door 27 around its pivot 28 and thus enable the abrasive material to flow from the side passage exit to the annular tank over the step 18. Also, the abrasive material returned to inside the tank through the aperture 17 has the advantage of forcing back any proportion of the stream 31 which may accidentally tend to discharge through the aperture 17 into the side passage exit end.
  • the tank 1 and the side passage 19 contain only abrasives and a new treatment cycle can start with a new batch of workpieces. To this end. the motor 5 is stopped and the new workpieces are introduced into the tank at random. The motor 5 is then run backwards and the unbalanced weight 8 is moved to the position 811.
  • any abrasive particles 10 remaining on the bottom of the passage 19 tend to accumulate at the passage entry against the front wall 20 and, because of the vibrations as indicated by reference 38, to rise along the wall 20 to pass through the screen meshes, and then to enter the inside of the tank freely through the aperture 16 as shown at 39 to mix with the stream 30 and be operative on the new item 9 to be treated.
  • the vibrator machine operates conventionally until completion of the treatment phase.
  • the illustrated embodiment hereinbefore described can be modified as required without for that reason departing from the scope of the invention; inter alia, and as already stated, the annular tank can in plan shape be circular or oval or polygonal, the tank bottom can be inclined regularly or have a step, the vibration generator can be of any conventional type and positioned either at the centre of the machine or at its sides.
  • the vibrator machine can also have two or more screen elements placed one above another and having different mesh sizes.
  • the top screen element which has a larger mesh than the bottom screen clement, retains and separates the workpieces from the treatment agents whereas the or each bottom screen clement whose mesh dimension decreases from the highest intermediate screen element to the lowest screen element, sorts or grades the treatment agents, so that the finest treatment agents can be removed from the cycling path whereas the large and possibly medium-sized treatment agents are returned to the treatment path for reintroduction into the tank so as to give a further treatment similar to the first treatment just given.
  • annular tank having a base which lies in a single horizontal flat plane, said tank having'substantially vertical outer walls and substantially vertical inner walls forming an annular passageway;
  • c. means forming a passageway which extends substantially half way around said annular tank and to a level below the level of the base of said annular tank;
  • a vibration generator disposed with respect to said annular tank operative to move a mixturein said annular passageway in a motion comprising a continuous universal displacement. along the tank and a rolling motion transverse to the displacement and to reverse the direction of displacement of said mixture;
  • a vibrator machine as claimed in claim 1 in which said second opening is provided with means for opening and closing said opening.
  • a machine as claimed in claim 1 in which said vibration generator is disposed substantially centrally with respect to said tank and at least to some extent in the zone bounded by the substantially vertical tank inner wall.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
US366036A 1973-03-12 1973-06-01 Vibratory finishing machine Expired - Lifetime US3906679A (en)

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FR7308709A FR2221916A5 (de) 1973-03-12 1973-03-12

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4067147A (en) * 1976-09-03 1978-01-10 Wheelabrator-Frye, Inc. Method and apparatus for bowl type vibratory finishing
US4195447A (en) * 1977-05-14 1980-04-01 Carl Kurt Walther Gmbh & Co. Kg Vibration abrasive container
US4944886A (en) * 1988-11-23 1990-07-31 Masri Saad A Method of sewage treatment
US5117850A (en) * 1991-04-25 1992-06-02 Delrod Sales Corporation Device for surface treating of metal parts
US6764384B1 (en) * 1998-11-14 2004-07-20 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh System for the precision machining of rotationally symmetrical components

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2299120A1 (fr) * 1975-01-30 1976-08-27 Abral Sarl Procede et machine pour le traitement de surface de pieces faconnees a l'ai
FR2310836A1 (fr) * 1975-05-13 1976-12-10 Roto Finish Sarl Perfectionnement apporte aux machines vibrantes de traitement tel que la finition

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3328922A (en) * 1965-05-27 1967-07-04 Peter P Ruppe Apparatus for surface finishing articles
US3553900A (en) * 1965-02-23 1971-01-12 Sweco Inc Vibratory finishing apparatus and method
US3618267A (en) * 1969-05-02 1971-11-09 Ernst Huber Tumbling machine with automatic discharge
US3811231A (en) * 1967-12-28 1974-05-21 Tipton Mfg Co Self-separating vibratory finishing apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3553900A (en) * 1965-02-23 1971-01-12 Sweco Inc Vibratory finishing apparatus and method
US3328922A (en) * 1965-05-27 1967-07-04 Peter P Ruppe Apparatus for surface finishing articles
US3811231A (en) * 1967-12-28 1974-05-21 Tipton Mfg Co Self-separating vibratory finishing apparatus
US3618267A (en) * 1969-05-02 1971-11-09 Ernst Huber Tumbling machine with automatic discharge

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4067147A (en) * 1976-09-03 1978-01-10 Wheelabrator-Frye, Inc. Method and apparatus for bowl type vibratory finishing
US4195447A (en) * 1977-05-14 1980-04-01 Carl Kurt Walther Gmbh & Co. Kg Vibration abrasive container
US4944886A (en) * 1988-11-23 1990-07-31 Masri Saad A Method of sewage treatment
US5117850A (en) * 1991-04-25 1992-06-02 Delrod Sales Corporation Device for surface treating of metal parts
US6764384B1 (en) * 1998-11-14 2004-07-20 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh System for the precision machining of rotationally symmetrical components

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2221916A5 (de) 1974-10-11
BE811362A (fr) 1974-06-17

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