US3906651A - Cartridge case extractor mechanism for firearms having rotary breech closure - Google Patents

Cartridge case extractor mechanism for firearms having rotary breech closure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3906651A
US3906651A US435748A US43574874A US3906651A US 3906651 A US3906651 A US 3906651A US 435748 A US435748 A US 435748A US 43574874 A US43574874 A US 43574874A US 3906651 A US3906651 A US 3906651A
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United States
Prior art keywords
bolt means
extractor
bolt
axis
holding pin
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Expired - Lifetime
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US435748A
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English (en)
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Erkki Vesamaa
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Valmet Technologies Oy
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Valmet Oy
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A15/00—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun
    • F41A15/12—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns
    • F41A15/14—Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns the ejector being mounted on or within the bolt; Extractors per se

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A firearm breech mechanism including a bolt supported for turning and axial movement and having a front end region which terminates in a front end face which is adapted to engage the rear end of a cartridge case.
  • the front end region of the bolt has an outer surface at least part of which determines the maximum radius of the bolt at its front end region.
  • This front end region of the bolt carries an extractor structure for cooperating with a cartridge case to extract the latter during the rotary and axial movement of the bolt.
  • the extractor structure is accommodated by the bolt in such a way that the extractor structure in its entirety does not extend beyond the above maximum radius from the axis of the bolt.
  • the present invention relates to firearms.
  • the present invention relates to breech mechanisms of firearms which have a bolt which is operated by rotary and axial movement.
  • the present invention is more especially concerned with a cartridge case extractor mechanism for fire-arms of the above type.
  • Cartridge case extracting mechanisms for fire-arms are well known, but conventional extractor mechanisms suffer from several drawbacks.
  • a well known extractor mechanism is the Remington extractor.
  • this type of extractor requires an exceedingly long space extending longitudinally of the breech, so that it cannot be accommodated only at the region of a locking lug of a rotary bolt of the breech mechanism.
  • Winchester extractor Another type of Well known extractor is the Winchester extractor.
  • this type of extractor When this type of extractor is used in a firearm having a breech mechanism provided with a rotary bolt, it is essential to mill a space to accommodate one or more of these extractors, necessitating omission of highly desirable locking lugs where the extractor or extractors are situated.
  • the Winchester extractor has an undesirably short moment arm requiring a strong relatively stiff separate spring in addition to the return spring of the striker pin.
  • a breech mechanism which has a rotary and axially movable bolt with a cartridge case extractor structure which does not extend beyond the axis of the bolt through a distance greater than the maximum radius of the bolt at its front end region so that the outer surface of the bolt at its front end region can be substantially uninterrupted and can operate in the best possible manner even though the extractor mechanism is provided at the front end region of the bolt.
  • a breech mechanism which has a rotary and axially movable bolt provided with locking lugs, a cartridge case extractor mechanism which does not neces sitate elimination of any of the locking lugs and which does not interfere with the normal operation 'of the locking lugs.
  • the breech mechanism of the firearm includes an elongated bolt means which is supported by a support means for linear and turning movement with respect to acentral axis of the bolt means.
  • This bolt means has a front end region ter minating in a front end face which is adapted to be engaged by the rear end of a cartridge case, and the front end region of the bolt means has an outer surface circumferentially surrounding-the axis of the bolt means with at least part of this outer surface determining the maximum radius of the front end region of the bolt means.
  • the extractor means of the invention is carried by the bolt means at its front end region in such a way that the entire extracto'rmeans is situated at a distance which is no greater than the above maximum radius from the central axis of the bolt means. In this way the extractor means of the invention does not interfere withthe operation of the outer surface of the front end region ofthe bolt means, this outer surface continuing in an uninterrupted manner around the axis of the bolt means.
  • FIG. 1 is a partly sectional and partly schematic view, taken in a plane which contains the central axis of the bolt, and showing a breech mechanism provided with a cartridge case extractor according to the present invention, FIG. 1 showing the structure as it appears when viewed from above;
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of the structure of FIG. I as seen from the right of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is aside elevation of an extractor element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a partly sectional elevation of the breech mechanism provided with the cartridge case extractor structure of the invention. 1
  • the cartridge case extractor means of the invention includes at least one extractor element 1 which is shown by itself in FIG. 3.
  • the cartridge case extractor element 1 has substantially the configuration of a bell crank.
  • This member l has'an arm 10 which extends substantially axially and an arm 12 which extends substantially radially with respect to the central axis of the bolt means 14 which is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the extractor member 1 has a pair of opposed parallel flat surfaces interconnected along the front of the radial arm 12 by a rounded front surface region 8 which forms a reaction surface for the element 1 as will be apparent from the description below.
  • the elongated rear surface of the arm 12 is also rounded, and this rear portion of the arm 12 is formed with a notch 7 of curved configuration for a purpose referred to below.
  • the rounded surfaces of the front and rear elongated regions of the arm 12 adjacent the lower end'thereof, as viewed in FIG. 3, may be considered as forming part of a cylinder whose axis is situated midway between the opposed flat surface regions of the arm 12."
  • the substantially axial arm 10 of the element 1 is formed with a groove or notch 16 to receive a lip at the rear end of the cartridge case as shown in dotted lines at the right of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a pair of extractor elements I cooperating with a lip at the rear of the cartridge case, it is to be understood that the front tipof the arm 10 can be of a suitable configuration'to extend into a cannelure of a cartridge case, to cooperate with this latter type of cartridge case.
  • the elongated bolt means 14 is formed with an axial bore which accommodates the striker pin 5.
  • This axial bore 18 of the bolt means 14 also accommodates a return spring 4 which is coiled about the striker pin 5 and has a rear end engaging a flange or collar 20 which is fixed to the striker pin 5.
  • the striker pin 5 has a por tion extending through a bore which is formed in a pin 9 which extends perpendicularly across the axis of the bolt means 14 and is accommodated in a pair of opposed openings of the wall of the bolt means 14.
  • This pin 9 has a free end portion extending outwardly beyond the bolt means 14 into a camming groove 22 of an elongated sleeve 24 of the breech mechanism.
  • This sleeve 24 forms at least in part a support means which supports the bolt means 14 for longitudinal movement along and turning movement around the central axis of the bolt means 14, the pin 9 and the camming groove 22 cooperating with each other in a known way to bring about the turning movement of the bolt means 14.
  • the bolt means 14 has, at its right as viewed in FIG. 1, a front end region which terminates in a front end face 26 which is engaged by the rear end of the cartridge case as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the front end region of the bolt means is provided with a plurality of locking lugs 6 which are distributed circumferentially around the axis of the bolt means 14 as is shown most clearly in FIG. 2.
  • the several lugs 6 terminate in outer surfaces which determine the maximum radium of the bolt means 14 at its front end region, and in accordance with the invention the extractor means 1 in its entirety does not extend beyond the axis of the bolt means 14 through a distance greater than this maximum radius, so that there is no interference in the operation of the outer surfaces of the lugs 6 which have outer surfaces which are practically uninterrupted by the extractor means 1,
  • the breech includes an action surrounding the bolt and formed with axial grooves with which the lugs 6 are respectively aligned when the bolt is retracted, these lugs 6 being turned to a position where they are out of line with these grooves in order to lock the bolt in the firing position.
  • the firearm includes an unillustrated hammer which is operated in a well known manner by the trigger to strike against the rear end of the striker pin 5 so as to urge the latter forwardly in opposition to the force of the return spring 4.
  • the front tip of the strike pin 5 extends through a bore which is formed in the front end region of the bolt means 14 so as to be capable of striking against the cartridge in order to detonate the same.
  • the pin 9 is formed with a bore which accommodates the portion of the striker pin 5 which extends to the rear of the flange 20 thereof.
  • a pair of opposed lugs 6 are respectively formed with radial bores which receive the radial arms 12 of a pair of extractor elements 1, as shown most clearly in FIG. 1.
  • These radial bores which receive the radial arms 12 communicate with axially extending notches through which the axial arms of the elements 1 extend beyond the front end face 26 of the bolt so as to be capable of cooperating with the cartridge in a manner illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the bolt means 14 accommodates a pair of holding pins 2 which are made of a springy material and which have front curved ends received in the curved notches 7 formed at the elongated rear portions of the radial arms 12 of the extractor elements 1.
  • the bolt means 14 is formed with inclined bores which respectively receive the holding pins 2 in the manner shown most clearly in FIG. 1.
  • these rear ends of the pins 2 are in engagement with the tapered front surface of a push ring 3 which freely surrounds the striker pin 5 in the bore 18.
  • the front end of the return spring 4 engages a rearwardly directed shoulder of the push ring 3 so as to urge the latter forwardly, and in this way the force of the return spring 4 acts through the elements 2 on the extractor members 1 to retain the latter assembled with the bolt means 14 as well as to provide pivots therefor as pointed out above.
  • curvature of the elongated front surfaces 8 of the arms 12 of the extractor elements 1 conforms substantially to the curvature of the inner cylindrical surface defining the radial bores which receive the radial arms of the extractor elements 1, so that in this way an excellent reaction surface is provided by the front surfaces 8 of the arms 12 of the extractor elements 1.
  • elongated bolt means having a front end region terminating in a front end face which is adapted to be engaged by the rear end of a cartridge case, said front end region having an outer surface extending circumferentially around a central axis of said bolt means and at least part of said outer surface determining the maximum radius of said bolt means at said front end region thereof, support means supporting said bolt means for linear movement along and turning movement around said axis, and extractor means carried by said bolt means at said front end region thereof for engaging and extracting a cartridge case during said linear and turning movement of said bolt means, said extractor means being situated in its entirety at a distance from said axis which is no greater than said maximum radius, said extractor means including at least one extractor member having substantially the configuration of a bell crank and including a radial arm which extends substantially perpendicularly with respect to said axis and an axial arm which extends substantially parallel to said axis forwardly beyond said front end face of said bolt means to engage the rear end

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
US435748A 1973-01-26 1974-01-23 Cartridge case extractor mechanism for firearms having rotary breech closure Expired - Lifetime US3906651A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI730230A FI48878C (sv) 1973-01-26 1973-01-26 Utdragare för patronhylsan i skjutvapen som sluts genom vridning.

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4135433A (en) * 1976-03-31 1979-01-23 Aktiebolaget Bofors Loading device for a firearm
US4163334A (en) * 1974-11-19 1979-08-07 Ithaca Gun Company Incorporated Firearm shell extractor
US5289755A (en) * 1991-10-25 1994-03-01 Rheinmetall Gmbh Ram head
US6484430B1 (en) * 1999-01-27 2002-11-26 Zdf Import/Export, Inc. Multi-lugged bolt carrier and barrel for rifles
US6536150B2 (en) * 1999-01-28 2003-03-25 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Automatic firearm with a moving bolt assembly with locking projections
US6625917B2 (en) 1999-01-28 2003-09-30 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Bolt assembly for a firearm
DE10240887A1 (de) * 2002-09-04 2004-03-18 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Patronenauswurfanordnung
WO2004029534A2 (de) 2002-09-04 2004-04-08 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Handfeuerwaffe mit verriegeltem verschluss
US20050132875A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-06-23 Johannes Murello Locked automatic and semi-automatic firearms
US20050217473A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-10-06 Johannes Murello Firearms having a locked breech
US20050235543A1 (en) * 2002-04-09 2005-10-27 Johannes Murello Cartridge ejection mechanisms and methods for operating the same
US20050235817A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-10-27 Johannes Murello Firearms with gas pressure loading mechanisms
US20050241471A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-11-03 Johannes Murello Firearms and methods for operating the same
WO2005121686A3 (en) * 2004-02-13 2008-01-24 Rmdi Llc Improved firearm
US10458733B2 (en) * 2012-02-17 2019-10-29 Theodore Karagias Bolt mechanisms and firearms containing the same
US11067347B2 (en) 2018-11-30 2021-07-20 Theodore Karagias Firearm bolt assembly with a pivoting handle
US11300374B1 (en) * 2020-01-18 2022-04-12 Zermatt Arms, Inc. Bolt assembly for a firearm

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US804699A (en) * 1904-12-12 1905-11-14 Laurence V Benet Cartridge-case extractor.
US1005263A (en) * 1904-02-11 1911-10-10 Automatic Arms Company Gas-operated machine-gun.
US2198610A (en) * 1938-11-22 1940-04-30 John C Garand Extractor for firearms
US2984924A (en) * 1959-11-24 1961-05-23 Frederick P Reed Extractor assembly for firearms
US3021634A (en) * 1960-04-14 1962-02-20 Olin Mathieson Firearms extractor-ejector assembly
US3142923A (en) * 1962-03-12 1964-08-04 Olin Mathieson Bolt assembly comprising a pivoted firing pin serving also as the ejector and an extractor
US3397473A (en) * 1967-01-03 1968-08-20 Browning Ind Inc Cartridge extractor and extractor spring therefor
US3477162A (en) * 1967-12-28 1969-11-11 Remington Arms Co Inc Extractor system with a single spring exerting unequal forces upon two firearm extractors

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1005263A (en) * 1904-02-11 1911-10-10 Automatic Arms Company Gas-operated machine-gun.
US804699A (en) * 1904-12-12 1905-11-14 Laurence V Benet Cartridge-case extractor.
US2198610A (en) * 1938-11-22 1940-04-30 John C Garand Extractor for firearms
US2984924A (en) * 1959-11-24 1961-05-23 Frederick P Reed Extractor assembly for firearms
US3021634A (en) * 1960-04-14 1962-02-20 Olin Mathieson Firearms extractor-ejector assembly
US3142923A (en) * 1962-03-12 1964-08-04 Olin Mathieson Bolt assembly comprising a pivoted firing pin serving also as the ejector and an extractor
US3397473A (en) * 1967-01-03 1968-08-20 Browning Ind Inc Cartridge extractor and extractor spring therefor
US3477162A (en) * 1967-12-28 1969-11-11 Remington Arms Co Inc Extractor system with a single spring exerting unequal forces upon two firearm extractors

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4163334A (en) * 1974-11-19 1979-08-07 Ithaca Gun Company Incorporated Firearm shell extractor
US4135433A (en) * 1976-03-31 1979-01-23 Aktiebolaget Bofors Loading device for a firearm
US5289755A (en) * 1991-10-25 1994-03-01 Rheinmetall Gmbh Ram head
US6484430B1 (en) * 1999-01-27 2002-11-26 Zdf Import/Export, Inc. Multi-lugged bolt carrier and barrel for rifles
US6536150B2 (en) * 1999-01-28 2003-03-25 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Automatic firearm with a moving bolt assembly with locking projections
US6625917B2 (en) 1999-01-28 2003-09-30 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Bolt assembly for a firearm
US20050235543A1 (en) * 2002-04-09 2005-10-27 Johannes Murello Cartridge ejection mechanisms and methods for operating the same
US20050217473A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-10-06 Johannes Murello Firearms having a locked breech
US7237469B2 (en) 2002-09-04 2007-07-03 Heckler & Koch, Gmbh Firearms having a locked breech
WO2004029534A3 (de) * 2002-09-04 2004-06-03 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Handfeuerwaffe mit verriegeltem verschluss
DE10240887B4 (de) * 2002-09-04 2004-09-16 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Patronenauswurfanordnung
US20050132875A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-06-23 Johannes Murello Locked automatic and semi-automatic firearms
WO2004027338A1 (de) * 2002-09-04 2004-04-01 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Patronenauswurfanordnung
DE10240887A1 (de) * 2002-09-04 2004-03-18 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Patronenauswurfanordnung
US20050235817A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-10-27 Johannes Murello Firearms with gas pressure loading mechanisms
US20050241471A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-11-03 Johannes Murello Firearms and methods for operating the same
WO2004029534A2 (de) 2002-09-04 2004-04-08 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Handfeuerwaffe mit verriegeltem verschluss
US7311032B2 (en) 2002-09-04 2007-12-25 Heckler & Koch, Gmbh Firearms with gas pressure loading mechanisms
WO2005121686A3 (en) * 2004-02-13 2008-01-24 Rmdi Llc Improved firearm
US10458733B2 (en) * 2012-02-17 2019-10-29 Theodore Karagias Bolt mechanisms and firearms containing the same
US11067347B2 (en) 2018-11-30 2021-07-20 Theodore Karagias Firearm bolt assembly with a pivoting handle
US11525643B2 (en) 2018-11-30 2022-12-13 Theodore Karagias Firearm bolt assembly with a pivoting handle
US11300374B1 (en) * 2020-01-18 2022-04-12 Zermatt Arms, Inc. Bolt assembly for a firearm
US11754357B1 (en) * 2020-01-18 2023-09-12 Zermatt Arms, Inc. Bolt assembly for a firearm

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FI48878B (sv) 1974-09-30
FI48878C (sv) 1975-01-10

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