US3904363A - Automatic tube cleaner for ultraviolet fluid (water) sterilizer - Google Patents
Automatic tube cleaner for ultraviolet fluid (water) sterilizer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3904363A US3904363A US404927A US40492773A US3904363A US 3904363 A US3904363 A US 3904363A US 404927 A US404927 A US 404927A US 40492773 A US40492773 A US 40492773A US 3904363 A US3904363 A US 3904363A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ultraviolet
- ring
- flexible
- cleaning device
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 18
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000725101 Clea Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 particularily Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
- C02F1/325—Irradiation devices or lamp constructions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
- C02F2201/324—Lamp cleaning installations, e.g. brushes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cleaning de vice for cleaning the outside surface of a protective sheath of a radiation tubeof an ultraviolet radiation water sterilizer or the like, wherein the sterilizer employs a longitudinal ultraviolet radiation tube as a source of ultraviolet radiation or flux.
- I v Water sterilizers may employ ultraviolet .radiation tubes as a source of flux for the creation of ultraviolet radiation, and usually have a longitudinal ultraviolet tube,"suspended coaxially along the axis of a cylindrical sterilization chamber.
- the water which is to be sterilized flows from one end of the cylinder (usually the bottom) in a vortex-like manner, to the other end of the cylinder (usually the top) such that a mean capture time of the fluid within the chamber is sufficient, in relation to the magnitude of the flux created by the ultraviolet radiation source, that a bacteria stat fluid is obtained at the outflow of the sterilization cylinder.
- a kill is saidto have'been imparted to the bacteria suspended in the fluid; that is, all the bacteria is killed.
- the bacteria stat condition can be achieved fora fluid and in particular water, when the same is subjected to a minimum ultraviolet flux dose at a certain frequency, as those skilled in the art will know. It is also known that the mean resident time of a fluid within the sterilization chamber must be increased-to maintain a bacteria stat dose of flux as a result of mineral deposits forming on the outside surface of the ultraviolet radiation source tube, ormoreaccurately, the eircumscribing protective sheath thereof, when a sheath is employed; as mineral deposits have a tendency to absorb the ultraviolet radiation.
- a scraping device may be employed to scrape mineral deposits off the sheath, but such prior art devices suffer from such disadvantages as they have to be humanally activated with the appended result that a human may forget to do the same and that fluid does not obtain the bacteria stat dose; or, further that such prior art devices are not sufficiently efficient to significaiitly 'clea n themincral deposits-away to sustain the high flux intensity of the radiation penetrating through the sheath and hence into the fluid to be sterilized.
- the invention contemplates an efficicnt cleaning device to scrape mineral and other deposits from the surrounding'protcctive surface of an ultraviolet radiation tube. the device being activated by'the combined effect of the fluid flowthrough the chamber cleaning device itself. when flow stops.
- the cleaning device also contemplates providing a tight piston-type arrangement in the sterilizer between the outer sterilization wall and the inner protective sheath so as to ensure adequate scraping of the deposits from the protective surface of the sheath, whereupon high flux intensities into the fluid can be sustained with minimum resident time of the fluid in the sterilizer for akill.
- the invention contemplates in combination a liquid sterilization cylinder having an inner wall whichdefines a chamber and positioned in said chamher a coaxially-longitudinal located source of ultraviolet 'radiation' disposed behind an ultraviolet transmissive cylindrical sheath protective, a cleaning device adapted to pass to and fro within the chamber, during flow and non-flow of the liquid to be sterilized, characterized in that the cleaning device comprises:
- a flexible inner member attached to and disposed radially inward of the first ring-like member with a segment of its inner margin disposed on the locus of their circumference of a circle having a radius less than the exterior diameter of said sheath such that the segment biasingly urges againstthe said ultraviolet transmissive cylindrical sheath;
- a flexible resilient outer member attached to and disposed radially outward of the first ring-like member and having its outer circumference biasly urged against the inner wall of the sterilization cylinder whereby the weight of the cleaning device, during nonfiow of the fluid, causes the cleaning device to fall whence the inner member scrapes the ultraviolet transmissive cylindrical sheath again to clean said sheath, and wherein during such flow orifice in said first ringlike member permits fluid to pass from one side of the cleaning device to the other and hence through the said chamber.
- P16. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a particularily, a water sterilization chamber the embodiments of the invention.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are longitudinal sections for explanation, showing the profile of the cleaning device during flow and non-flow fluid conditions.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of the cleaning device.
- FIG. 5 is a section along lines V-V of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 is an expanded section along lines Vl-Vl of FIG. 4.
- steril-. ization chamber I0 includes a hollow cylindrical chamber 11 disposing coaxially to its inner longitudinal axis a protective exterior surface 52 of a circumseribing fused silica glass sheath 53 within which is disposed a longitudinal radiation source such as an ultra-violet lamp (not shown).
- a longitudinal radiation source such as an ultra-violet lamp (not shown).
- the sheath of silica glass permits transmission of ultra-violet radiation into the region between the sheath s3 and the interior wall of the chamsterilized, for
- the metalring 13 preferably is in two halves, 13a-and 13b, referring to FIG. 5, joined together by appropriate. means (not shown) sandwiching the membranes 14 and 15 betweenthem; Small holes or;orifices 16 are drilled through the metal annulus 13 symmetrically about .to. allow the passage of water 54 across the cleaner throughthese. holes.
- the materials of construction of the-two membranes 14 and 15 and of the metal ring 13 all require careful choice as the effective weight of the cleaner 12 is important as is the flex. characteristics of the membrane 15 as will now be described.
- the fluids54 which is to be sterilized flows. into; the bottom of the chamber 11 at. 22.and up in a vortex-like fashion through the cylinder to be discharged off. the top (not shown) as those skilled in the artwill know.
- the cleaner 12 provides a reasonably good seal across the water' flow region (only imperfections around the periphery of the membranes l4 and 15 and the plurality of holes 16 in the metal annulus 13 permittingwater-to b'y-pass the cleaner) pressure'builds upunderneath the cleaner"(FIG. 2) and .produces' a force, F attempting tolift the cleanerupward.
- the seepage loss, L reduces the forceto an actual force, F Resisting the rise of the cleaner 12 are the weight, W, of the cleaner and the frictional force of cylindrical wall f and of the protective surface 52', f If -F is greater that these opposing forces the cleaner will rise and in doing so will scrape the protective surface .52 thus cleansing it.
- Gareful choice of the inner membrane 15 will determine the cleaningefficiency. It has been found that a brush-like textured membrane ofcomposite or plastic material is satisfactory.
- the cleaner 12 may be made to rise strongly despite the losses L and the frictional forces, f,, andfl, and the-cleaner weight, W.
- the cleaner l2 will have the force F removed (the only force holding the cleaner 12 at the top of the sterilizer when the cleaner is stationary) and the weight, W (see FIG. 3) will tend to pull the cleaner 12 to the bottom of the sterilizer 110.
- the forces resisting this movement are the fri'cti'onal'forces of the membranes l4 and on thecylindrical,.wall 11,f,,, and. on the protective surface 52, f together with .the water trapped beneath the cleaner 12.
- Flexible membrane 1'4 [inner diameter 2 inches (6.350 cm.) outer diameter 3% inches (7.937 cm.)]. 7 v 7 Diameter. of orifices 16 l/16 inches (0.159 cm.).
- Weight (W) of thecleaning device 12 approximatelyMa pound (226.8 gms.)
- a liquid sterilization system comprising: a cylinder having liquid inlet and outlet means and having an inner wall which defines a chamber and positioned in said chamber a coaxially-longitudinallylocated source of ultraviolet radiation comprising a protective ult-raviolet-transmissive, cylindrical sheath containing an ultraviolet-radiation generating means, and, a cleaning device adapted to pass to and fro within the chamber, during-flow and non-flow of theliquid to be sterilized, characterized in that the cleaning device comprises:
- a first-ring-like member having an orifice, therein through which a liquid may flow
- a flexible resilient outer-member attached to and disposed radially outward of the first ring-like member andl hav ing the outer circumference of "said outer member biasly urged against the inner "wall of the sterilization cylinder whereby, during a liquid flow conditio'n, the cleaning device is forced to rise within said chamber, and, during a non-flow condition of theliquid the weight of the cleaning device causes the device to fall and whence, during each condition; the inner member scrapes the ultraviolet-transmissive, cylindrical sheath, and thereby cleans said sheath, and wherein during such flow conditions the orifice in said first ring-v 7 like member permits liquid to pa'ssfrom one side of the cleaningdevice to the other and hence through R the said chamber.
- member is a metal annulus.
- the flexible resilient outer member is a solid annulus composed of a semi-rigid rubber.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA156,920A CA966608A (en) | 1972-11-20 | 1972-11-20 | Automatic tube cleaner for water sterilizer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3904363A true US3904363A (en) | 1975-09-09 |
Family
ID=4095026
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US404927A Expired - Lifetime US3904363A (en) | 1972-11-20 | 1973-10-10 | Automatic tube cleaner for ultraviolet fluid (water) sterilizer |
Country Status (20)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3904363A (sv) |
JP (1) | JPS5136945B2 (sv) |
AR (1) | AR196554A1 (sv) |
AU (1) | AU469042B2 (sv) |
BE (1) | BE806588A (sv) |
BR (1) | BR7308525D0 (sv) |
CA (1) | CA966608A (sv) |
CH (1) | CH568075A5 (sv) |
DE (1) | DE7341105U (sv) |
EG (1) | EG10715A (sv) |
FR (1) | FR2206978A1 (sv) |
GB (1) | GB1409384A (sv) |
IL (1) | IL43444A (sv) |
IN (1) | IN138827B (sv) |
IT (1) | IT1001857B (sv) |
MX (1) | MX3123E (sv) |
NL (1) | NL7315226A (sv) |
SE (1) | SE390817B (sv) |
SU (1) | SU578837A3 (sv) |
ZA (1) | ZA737789B (sv) |
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4002918A (en) * | 1975-04-10 | 1977-01-11 | Alfred Graentzel | Apparatus for the irradiation of fluids |
US4102645A (en) * | 1976-06-23 | 1978-07-25 | Refreshment Machinery Incorporated | Sterilization apparatus |
US4922114A (en) * | 1989-06-01 | 1990-05-01 | Hilary Boehme | Wiper mechanism |
US5133945A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1992-07-28 | Solarchem Enterprises Inc. | UV lamp transmittance controller |
WO1993002790A1 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-02-18 | Peroxidation Systems, Incorporated | Self-cleaning mechanism for oxidation chamber |
US5266280A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1993-11-30 | Solarchem Enterprises, Inc. | UV lamp transmittance controller |
US5372781A (en) * | 1992-02-18 | 1994-12-13 | Solarchem Enterprises Inc. | UV reactor assembly with improved lamp cooling means |
US5501843A (en) * | 1994-10-14 | 1996-03-26 | Vulcan Peroxidation Systems, Inc. | Wiper cartridge |
US5505912A (en) * | 1992-02-18 | 1996-04-09 | Cryptonics Corporation | Lamp cooling for a UV lamp reactor assembly |
US5625194A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1997-04-29 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Continuous cleaning of lamp wells for ultraviolet (UV) light producing lamps |
EP1051355A1 (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 2000-11-15 | Kenneth Ray Bryer | An apparatus for treating a liquid |
US20020096648A1 (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2002-07-25 | Klaus Kaiser | Apparatus for irradiating liquids |
US6432213B2 (en) | 2000-04-20 | 2002-08-13 | Photoscience Japan Corporation | Tube scraper |
US6570167B1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2003-05-27 | Kenneth Ray Bryer | Apparatus for treating a liquid |
US6649917B2 (en) | 2001-05-30 | 2003-11-18 | Ondeo Degremont | Cleaning system for UV disinfection module/reactor |
US20040140434A1 (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-07-22 | Trojan Technologies, Inc. | Cleaning apparatus |
EP1714944A1 (en) * | 2005-04-13 | 2006-10-25 | Malcolm Robert Snowball | Fluid disinfection apparatus and system |
US20140158905A1 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-12 | Caldesso, Llc | Compact uv water treatment device for spas |
US20140346370A1 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-11-27 | Sensor Electronic Technology, Inc. | Reflective Transparent Optical Chamber |
US20150090660A1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | University of Alaska Anchorage | Light-Assisted Membrane Treatment and Cleaning |
US10118839B2 (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2018-11-06 | Nestec S.A. | Irradiation assembly for liquid purification assembly, purification assembly and beverage dispenser |
US11001510B2 (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2021-05-11 | Wallenius Water Innovation Ab | Liquid treatment system |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2947891A1 (de) * | 1979-11-28 | 1981-06-04 | Hes - GmbH, Hydraulik-Elektrobau-Schotten und Co KG, 6479 Schotten | Reinigungsverfahren fuer innere oberflaechen von hohlkoerpern |
FR2475942A1 (fr) * | 1980-02-15 | 1981-08-21 | Constr Telephoniques | Dispositif de nettoyage pour appareil de purification des fluides par rayonnements germicides |
US4601822A (en) * | 1982-02-17 | 1986-07-22 | Frank Zamburro | Water purifying apparatus |
JPS5952344B2 (ja) * | 1983-01-25 | 1984-12-19 | 株式会社東芝 | 空気調和装置 |
SE8301762L (sv) * | 1983-03-30 | 1984-10-01 | Larsson L P Ab | Anordning vid forstoring av mikroorganismer |
US4983307A (en) * | 1989-08-02 | 1991-01-08 | Serres Naturtek Greenhouses Inc. | Method for sterilizing liquids by ultraviolet radiation |
WO2010125251A1 (fr) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-04 | Loïra | Installation et procédé d' éliminations des xenobiotiques dans l'eau par rayonnement uv-v |
JP6170732B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-24 | 2017-07-26 | 国立大学法人埼玉大学 | 紫外線照射水処理装置 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3061721A (en) * | 1960-01-19 | 1962-10-30 | Brenner Al | Automatic tube cleaning device |
US3336099A (en) * | 1963-01-23 | 1967-08-15 | Czulak Joseph | Apparatus for the sanitization of liquids with especial application to water storages and swimming pools |
US3456107A (en) * | 1967-05-16 | 1969-07-15 | Aquacare Intern Ltd | Water sterilizing apparatus |
US3462597A (en) * | 1966-07-29 | 1969-08-19 | Ultra Dynamics Corp | Ultraviolet fluid purifier having manually operable wiper means |
US3562520A (en) * | 1968-11-04 | 1971-02-09 | Puretest Water Purifying Co | Fail-safe water purifying apparatus |
-
1972
- 1972-11-20 CA CA156,920A patent/CA966608A/en not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-10-04 ZA ZA737789*A patent/ZA737789B/xx unknown
- 1973-10-10 IN IN2250/CAL/73A patent/IN138827B/en unknown
- 1973-10-10 US US404927A patent/US3904363A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-10-11 AU AU61286/73A patent/AU469042B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-10-19 IL IL43444A patent/IL43444A/en unknown
- 1973-10-25 AR AR250700A patent/AR196554A1/es active
- 1973-10-26 BE BE137128A patent/BE806588A/xx unknown
- 1973-10-26 FR FR7338235A patent/FR2206978A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1973-10-31 BR BR8525/73A patent/BR7308525D0/pt unknown
- 1973-10-31 MX MX310273U patent/MX3123E/es unknown
- 1973-11-03 EG EG416/73A patent/EG10715A/xx active
- 1973-11-07 NL NL7315226A patent/NL7315226A/xx unknown
- 1973-11-10 JP JP48126716A patent/JPS5136945B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-11-15 GB GB5313773A patent/GB1409384A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-11-16 DE DE19737341105U patent/DE7341105U/de not_active Expired
- 1973-11-19 CH CH1623973A patent/CH568075A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-11-19 SE SE7315597A patent/SE390817B/sv unknown
- 1973-11-19 SU SU7301974092A patent/SU578837A3/ru active
- 1973-11-21 IT IT31528/73A patent/IT1001857B/it active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3061721A (en) * | 1960-01-19 | 1962-10-30 | Brenner Al | Automatic tube cleaning device |
US3336099A (en) * | 1963-01-23 | 1967-08-15 | Czulak Joseph | Apparatus for the sanitization of liquids with especial application to water storages and swimming pools |
US3462597A (en) * | 1966-07-29 | 1969-08-19 | Ultra Dynamics Corp | Ultraviolet fluid purifier having manually operable wiper means |
US3456107A (en) * | 1967-05-16 | 1969-07-15 | Aquacare Intern Ltd | Water sterilizing apparatus |
US3562520A (en) * | 1968-11-04 | 1971-02-09 | Puretest Water Purifying Co | Fail-safe water purifying apparatus |
Cited By (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4002918A (en) * | 1975-04-10 | 1977-01-11 | Alfred Graentzel | Apparatus for the irradiation of fluids |
US4102645A (en) * | 1976-06-23 | 1978-07-25 | Refreshment Machinery Incorporated | Sterilization apparatus |
US4116630A (en) * | 1976-06-23 | 1978-09-26 | Refreshment Machinery Incorporated | Sterilization method |
US4922114A (en) * | 1989-06-01 | 1990-05-01 | Hilary Boehme | Wiper mechanism |
US5227140A (en) * | 1990-04-13 | 1993-07-13 | Peroxidation Systems, Inc. | Modular self-cleaning oxidation chamber |
US5266280A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1993-11-30 | Solarchem Enterprises, Inc. | UV lamp transmittance controller |
US5133945A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1992-07-28 | Solarchem Enterprises Inc. | UV lamp transmittance controller |
WO1993002790A1 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-02-18 | Peroxidation Systems, Incorporated | Self-cleaning mechanism for oxidation chamber |
AU647313B2 (en) * | 1991-08-02 | 1994-03-17 | Peroxidation Systems, Incorporated | Self-cleaning mechanism for oxidation chamber |
US5372781A (en) * | 1992-02-18 | 1994-12-13 | Solarchem Enterprises Inc. | UV reactor assembly with improved lamp cooling means |
US5505912A (en) * | 1992-02-18 | 1996-04-09 | Cryptonics Corporation | Lamp cooling for a UV lamp reactor assembly |
US5501843A (en) * | 1994-10-14 | 1996-03-26 | Vulcan Peroxidation Systems, Inc. | Wiper cartridge |
WO1996011881A1 (en) * | 1994-10-14 | 1996-04-25 | Vulcan Peroxidation Systems, Inc. | Wiper cartridge |
US5625194A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1997-04-29 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Continuous cleaning of lamp wells for ultraviolet (UV) light producing lamps |
US6570167B1 (en) * | 1998-01-29 | 2003-05-27 | Kenneth Ray Bryer | Apparatus for treating a liquid |
EP1051355A1 (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 2000-11-15 | Kenneth Ray Bryer | An apparatus for treating a liquid |
EP1051355A4 (en) * | 1998-02-03 | 2001-03-28 | Kenneth Ray Bryer | APPARATUS FOR TREATING A LIQUID |
US6432213B2 (en) | 2000-04-20 | 2002-08-13 | Photoscience Japan Corporation | Tube scraper |
US7651660B2 (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2010-01-26 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus for irradiating liquids |
US20020096648A1 (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2002-07-25 | Klaus Kaiser | Apparatus for irradiating liquids |
US6649917B2 (en) | 2001-05-30 | 2003-11-18 | Ondeo Degremont | Cleaning system for UV disinfection module/reactor |
US20040140434A1 (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-07-22 | Trojan Technologies, Inc. | Cleaning apparatus |
US6872954B2 (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2005-03-29 | Trojan Technologies Inc. | Cleaning apparatus |
EP1714944A1 (en) * | 2005-04-13 | 2006-10-25 | Malcolm Robert Snowball | Fluid disinfection apparatus and system |
US20140158905A1 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-12 | Caldesso, Llc | Compact uv water treatment device for spas |
US20140346370A1 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-11-27 | Sensor Electronic Technology, Inc. | Reflective Transparent Optical Chamber |
US9415126B2 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2016-08-16 | Sensor Electronic Technology, Inc. | Reflective transparent optical chamber |
US20150090660A1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | University of Alaska Anchorage | Light-Assisted Membrane Treatment and Cleaning |
US10118839B2 (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2018-11-06 | Nestec S.A. | Irradiation assembly for liquid purification assembly, purification assembly and beverage dispenser |
US11001510B2 (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2021-05-11 | Wallenius Water Innovation Ab | Liquid treatment system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1409384A (en) | 1975-10-08 |
AR196554A1 (es) | 1974-02-06 |
SE390817B (sv) | 1977-01-24 |
DE2357396B2 (de) | 1977-04-21 |
IL43444A0 (en) | 1975-08-31 |
CH568075A5 (sv) | 1975-10-31 |
IN138827B (sv) | 1976-04-03 |
FR2206978A1 (sv) | 1974-06-14 |
DE2357396A1 (de) | 1974-05-22 |
IT1001857B (it) | 1976-04-30 |
CA966608A (en) | 1975-04-29 |
BR7308525D0 (pt) | 1974-09-05 |
AU6128673A (en) | 1975-04-17 |
IL43444A (en) | 1977-03-31 |
JPS5136945B2 (sv) | 1976-10-13 |
JPS5019249A (sv) | 1975-02-28 |
EG10715A (en) | 1976-07-31 |
BE806588A (fr) | 1974-02-15 |
MX3123E (es) | 1980-04-24 |
AU469042B2 (en) | 1976-01-29 |
DE7341105U (de) | 1975-12-18 |
SU578837A3 (ru) | 1977-10-30 |
ZA737789B (en) | 1974-08-28 |
NL7315226A (sv) | 1974-05-22 |
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