US390317A

US390317A - stewart

Info

Publication number: US390317A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1888-10-02
Anticipated expiration: 1905-10-02

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. W. STEWART.

PERFUMERY BOTTLE.

(No Model.)

No. 390,317. Patented Oct. 2, 1888.

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\VILLIAM W. STElVART, OF BROOKLYN, NEWV YORK.

PERFUMERY-BOTTLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 390,317, dated October 2, 1888.

(No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Beitknown that I, WILLIAM W. STEWART, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Perfumery-Bottles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to bottles, flasks, or sachets for containing perfumery, disinfectants, medicinal liquids, or other liquid substances. It relates also to stoppers for such bottles.

The object of my invention is to facilitate the discharge of liquid in minute quantities, either upon the agitation of the bottle or by its automatic action when desired, by the utilization of capillary action. To this end I pro vide a discharge-passage,which may be tubular or not, extending from the liquid in the bottle to the stopper thereof, wi th means at the stopper for regulating the outflow, and with capillary slits or interstices in said passage to establish a capillary flow communicating with the external atmosphere, and what I term irritants, to facilitate the movement of the liquid and avoid its being choked by the accumulation of air-bubbles in the passage.

My improved bottle constitutes a liquidsachet, which may be used for perfuming the contents of drawers without liability of its contents flowing out in too great quantity or of the flow entirely ceasing. I provide, also, an adjustable cap, by which all flow from the bottle may be shut off at will. This cap is either screwed upon the stopper or held thereon frictionally.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section of a sachet or similar bottle constructed according to my invention and adapted for use as a chain-pendant. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary vertical section, on a larger scale, of the bottle withdrawn from its outer case or sheath. Fig. 3 is a similar section of a modified construction of bottle stopper. Fig. 4. is a similar section of a further modification. Figs. 5 and 6 show other modified constructions. Fig. 7 is a vertical mid-section of a bottle, showing a further modified construction of stopper; and Fig. 8 is a transverse section thereof. Figs. 9 and I0 are respectively vertical and transverse sections illustrating another modification.

Let A designate the bottle, B the stopper thereof, and O (in Fig. 1) an inclosing case or sheath, which fits over the bottle and which may be suspended from a chain, D. The stopper B fits into (or over) and closes the neck of the bottle, as usual, and has a tube or tubular passage or conduit, E, extending through it and projecting within the bottle nearly to the bottom thereof, by preference, or at least sufficiently to dip into the liquid therein. This conduit E may be made of metal or other suitable material, and is of tubular form or of such approximation thereto as to afford a continuous passage for fluid from the level thereof within the vessel to the external atmosphere. A part or all of the conduit has its walls so close together as to constitute a continuous capillary interstice or passage for facilitating the flow of liquid. This capillary interstice communicates with the external atmosphere.

The conduit may be a tube with a capillary bore, or it may be a larger tube with a capillary slit along one side, or it may consist of a tubular scroll or of two leaves of metal twisted together, or of a single strip folded upon itself, or it may be otherwise formed as may be preferred.

In the conduit is placed what I term an irritant F, which consists of a piece ofslender wire, a bristle, a piece of broomcorn, or other slender flexible filament of any material having the property of attracting liquid to itself, and of thereby maintaining what I call a lubricating-line within the conduit, and preventing the choking thereof by the drying of liquid therein, or by the accumulation therein of tenacious air-bubbles. This irritant should be mounted freely within the conduit, in order that it may be capable of a slight movement therein. It may extend in a straight line or in a sinuous path, or, what is preferable, it may be looped back upon itself at intervals,in order to form pockets for catching the bubbles, and to enable the liquid to pass them by flowing around them.

The flow from the conduit is regulated by a screw-cap, G, on the top of thestopper. The

stopper may be completely inclosed by slipping over it a sheath, 0, which prevents evaporation.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the bottle A, which may be of metal, has its neck internally screw-threaded, and the stopper B is screwed tightly therein. The tube or conduit E passes through the stopper, being cemented or otherwise secured therein, and extending thence downward nearly to the bottom ofthe bottle. Its upper end projects above the top of the bottle and is enlarged, its enlargement or head ebeing peripherally screwthreaded. On this head eis placed the screwcap G, which has internal threads engaging those on the head, so that it may be screwed up or down. In the tube E are orifices a a, which, when the cap is screwed down,are covered by the neck 9 thereof, thereby shutting off the flow. The orifices a a open into an annular chamber or recess, H, in the top of the stopper, formed by a flange, n, thereon, and closed more or less by the cap Gr. Vhen the cap G is screwed down, a shoulder, g, on its under side seats itself against the top of the flange h, thereby closing the chamber H and preventing any escape of moisture from the bottle. 7

By screwing up the cap G more or less the flow of liquid may be adjusted as may be desired.

The tube E has a narrow slit, 0, extending down its side. This slit forms a capillary interstice or duct for assisting the climbing up of liquid from the interior of the bottle toward the outlet. \Vithin the tube E is the irritant F, which in this construction consists of a polished wire bent into loops d d at intervals. The upper end of the wire is shown as attached to the cap G, so that as the latter is screwed up or down the wire will be rotated in the tube, and will thus tend to break up the bubbles that may be therein. The discharge of liquid from the bottle necessitates that air shall enter to take its place. The entering air must pass down the tube or conduit E, as there is no other path for it. Its passage into the bottle is in the form of bubbles of varying sizes. If subjected to agitation, the air will form in minute bubbles or froth,which, being saturated with liquid, offers no obstacle to the flow of liquid or the entrance of air; but the air tends to accumulate in larger bubbles, which eventually become large enough to fill the tube and acquire considerable coherence, so that they afford a serious resistance to the flow of liquid. The purpose of the irritant is to avoid this accumulation of large and tenacious bubbles. The polished surface of the irritant has the power of attracting moisture to it, so that the air in passing down the tube comes repeatedly in contact with the wet surface of the irritant. The loops of the irritant catch and confine the larger bubbles, while maintaining a liquid line around them, and when the bubbles expand to a larger size than the loops they are cut in two by the latter and pass on down the tube as distinct bubbles, separated by films of liquid. Thus the interference of the air with the liquid is greatly reduced, and a flow of the lattersuch as is desired is maintained. This flow,being induced When the bottle is used as a liquid sachet,

the screw-cap is to be raised slightly, and the bottle laid among the things to be perfumed. The liquid then oozes out very slowly,entering the chamber H and vaporizing upon reaching the outer air. The bottle may be used like any ordinary perfumery-bottle by flirting or agitating it to throw out a drop or two at a time.

Fig. 3 shows a construction wherein the stopper B constitutes a cork or plug which may be fitted to various bottles. The chamber H consists of a hollow perforated sphere, and the flow may be shut off by a screw, G, which closes the upper end of the tube E. There are two irritants, F and F, the former being twisted into a loose spiral and attached to the tube E, and the latter being a straight wire attached to the screw G.

Fig. 4 shows a construction wherein two looped irritants, F F, are used. The tube E opens into a chamber, H, which is formed by a depression in the upper plate of the stopper, and is closed by a spring-plate, m, in which a valve is formed in the shape of a loose tongue, it, acted upon byascrew,G.- The liquid which passes this valve enters the chamber H,which is formed bya perforated cap, 19, screwed onto the flange h of the stopper.

Fig. 5shows a further modification of my stopper.

The capillary conduit E is not atube, but is instead a roll of metal, hard rubber, or other niaterial,.coiled up, as shown, so as to leave a thin capillary space between the convolutions. The roll thus formed is soldered or cemented to the stopper,-and its upper end projects into the chamber H therein, and has holes in its sides. A tube, 8, fits over the end of the conduit and has holes in its sides communicating with the chamber H. The liquid passes out from this chamber through holes t and tube 8, and its escape is controlled by a screwcap, G, which may be adjusted to close more or less the outlet-perforations i i in this tube.

Fig. 6 has the capillary conduit E composed of two parallel flat strips twisted as shown, thereby leaving a thin capillary space between them. These strips may be of metal or of hard rubber or other material, or one may be of one material and the other of another. The upper end of the conduit opens into the chamber H in the stopper, closed by a perforated cap, p.

Figs. 7 and 8 show an extensible tube, E, in part of which a smaller capillary tube, r, is formed. The larger tube contains the looped irritant F. The extension-tube E slides telescopicall y within thislarger tube, and has perforations q q iii its side. Theupper end of the tube is incloried by a removable cap, p, having an opening closed by a screw-plug, G.

Figs. 9 and 10 show a conduit, E, composed of a folded strip of metal, hard rubber, or other material, the two leaves of which are slightly out of contact, so that the intervening space becomes a capillary channel.

It will be observed that the irritant is omitted from the construction shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 9. This irritant is not indispensable to my invention, but is highly desirable, especially for a liquid-sachet.

I claim as my invention, in a bottle for perfumery or other liquids, or a stopper adapted for such bottles, the following defined novel features or combinations, substantially as here inbefore specified, namely:

1. The combination, with a stopper, of a capillary conduit extending thence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle and a chamher at the outside of the stopper opening to the external atmosphere, with which said conduit communicates.

2. The combination, with the stopper, of a conduit extending thence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle, opening to the external atmosphere, and constructed with a conti nuous capillary interstice.

The combination, with the stopper, of a conduit extending thence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle, opening to the external atm0sphere,and constructed with a continuous capillary interstice and with a larger opening for the passage of air.

4. The combination, with the stopper, of a conduit extending thence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle, opening to the ex ternal atmosphere, and an irritant in said conduit looped at intervals to catch the bubbles and form a liquid line around them.

5. The combination, with the stopper, of a conduit extending thence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle, opening to the external atmosphere, and constructed with a continuous capillary interstice, and an irritant in said conduit.

6. The combination, with the stopper, of a capillary conduit extending thence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle, a chamber at the outside of the stopper, with which said conduit communicates, said chamber opening to the external atmosphere, and an adjustable cap for closing said chamber.

7. The combination, with the stopper, of a capillary conduit extending thence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle and opening to the external atmosphere, and a screw-cap adapted to regulate the flow through said conduit.

8. The combination, with the stopper, of a capillary conduit extending thence downwardly to enter the liquid in the bottle and opening to the external atmosphere, an adjustable cap adapted to regulate the flow through said conduit, and an irritant in said conduit and fixed to said cap, whereby the turning of said cap rotates said irritant in the conduit.

9. The combination of stopper B, capillary conduit E, screw-cap G, and chamber H.

10. The combination of stopper B, capillary conduit E, irritant F therein, and screw-cap G.

11. The combination of bottle A, stopper B, capillary conduit E, and outer sheath, 0, tightly fitting said bottle and inclosing the stopper.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

XVILTJIAM \V. STENART.

\Vitnesses:

ARTHUR G. FRASER, GEORGE H. FRASER.