US3902495A - Flow control system - Google Patents
Flow control system Download PDFInfo
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- US3902495A US3902495A US437165A US43716574A US3902495A US 3902495 A US3902495 A US 3902495A US 437165 A US437165 A US 437165A US 43716574 A US43716574 A US 43716574A US 3902495 A US3902495 A US 3902495A
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- United States
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- fluid
- chamber
- pressure
- flow
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M3/00—Medical syringes, e.g. enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/02—Enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/0233—Enemata; Irrigators characterised by liquid supply means, e.g. from pressurised reservoirs
- A61M3/0241—Enemata; Irrigators characterised by liquid supply means, e.g. from pressurised reservoirs the liquid being supplied by gravity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
- A61M1/74—Suction control
- A61M1/742—Suction control by changing the size of a vent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
- A61M1/77—Suction-irrigation systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M3/00—Medical syringes, e.g. enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/02—Enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/0204—Physical characteristics of the irrigation fluid, e.g. conductivity or turbidity
- A61M3/0208—Physical characteristics of the irrigation fluid, e.g. conductivity or turbidity before use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M3/00—Medical syringes, e.g. enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/02—Enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/0204—Physical characteristics of the irrigation fluid, e.g. conductivity or turbidity
- A61M3/0212—Physical characteristics of the irrigation fluid, e.g. conductivity or turbidity after use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M3/00—Medical syringes, e.g. enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/02—Enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/0204—Physical characteristics of the irrigation fluid, e.g. conductivity or turbidity
- A61M3/0216—Pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M3/00—Medical syringes, e.g. enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/02—Enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/0204—Physical characteristics of the irrigation fluid, e.g. conductivity or turbidity
- A61M3/022—Volume; Flow rate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2210/00—Anatomical parts of the body
- A61M2210/06—Head
- A61M2210/0612—Eyes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M3/00—Medical syringes, e.g. enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/02—Enemata; Irrigators
- A61M3/0233—Enemata; Irrigators characterised by liquid supply means, e.g. from pressurised reservoirs
Definitions
- the system comprises a handpiece with an (ultrasonically vibrated) hollow tip, the hollow tip being connected to the fluid withdrawal or aspirating portion, while an annular passage around the tip is used to introduce fluid for irrigation purposes.
- the aspirating portion comprises a withdrawal hose attached to the output manifold of the handpiece in fluid communication with the hollow tip, a constant flow pump attached to the other ehd of the withdrawal hose, and a vacuum relief valve connected to the withdrawal hose intermediate the pump and the handpiece.
- the irrigation portion comchamber of the eye during removal of a cataract by insertion of the handpiece tip into the eye chamber.
- This application relates to an improvement in the control of fluid flow in a surgical device. More particularly this invention relates to an improvement in the fluid flow systems for a surgical device useful in cataract removal such as that shown by U.S. Pat. No. 3,589,363 issued June 29, 1971 to A. Banko and C. D. Kelman for a Material Removal Apparatus and Method Employing High Frequency Vibrations.
- the aforesaid patent describes an instrument for breaking apart and removing unwanted tissue and material especially a cataract located in the anterior chamber of the eye by ultrasonically fragmenting the cataract while simultaneously introducing fluid into the eye chamber, and withdrawing the fluid and fragmented cataract particles.
- the device described includes a handpiece having an operative tip vibrating in the ultrasonic range which is also hollow and is in turn surrounded by a tubular sleeve.
- the tip of the handpiece including the surrounding tubular sleeve are inserted into the anterior chamber of the eye.
- Treatment fluid is introduced through the hollow sleeve at a constant low pressure.
- This introduction of fluid which is called irrigation is to provide a replacement for fluid withdrawn or lost from the eye chamber.
- the withdrawl of fluid and suspended material from the anterior chamber is specifically called aspiration and ideally there is no change in fluid content or anterior chamber pressure as a result of irrigation-aspiration. This of course is impossible to achieve since aspiration is intended to remove solids which until broken up sometimes tend to occlude or block the fluid withdrawal openings of the handpiece.
- a handpiece described in the aforesaid U.S. Pat. as well as the instrumentation described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,589,363 provides a tool tip insertable in the anterior chamber of the eye with an annular nozzle for supply of fluid for irrigation, a hollow tool tip which is vibrated at about 40,000 cps to provide the energy to break up the cataract and allow fluid withdrawal for aspirating the reduced particles and fluid.
- a handpiece When the handpiece is inserted into the eye, it is extremely important to maintain the fluid pressure of the chamber within a certain range and to prevent rapid fluctuations of the pressure and fluid content of the chamber.
- the handpiece is inserted into the chamber through a small incision and the fluid flow adjusted to the desired level principally by the height at which the irrigation fluid source is supported to provide a gravity flow into the eye, and the speed of a constant flow positive displacement pump in the piping from the eye to withdraw the aspirating stream.
- the surgeon then moves the cataract lens into the anterior chamber, applies the ultrasonic vibration to the tip of the handpiece in contact with the lens and proceeds to break up the lens.
- the opening in the tip through which aspiration proceeds is periodically occluded by lens material.
- fluid is prevented from entering the hollow tip, although the constant flow pump continues to operate.
- the pump operation thus starts drawing a vacuum in the conduit between the handpiece tip and the pump.
- the pressure from the gravity feed of irrigation fluid into the eye remains constant and increases fluid pressure in the anterior chamber of they eye, expanding it somewhat.
- the high vacuum existing in the aspirating system tends to quickly withdraw fluid from the anterior chamber. This may rapidly decompress the anterior chamber and draw the enclosing tissues towards the handpiece tip.
- a fluidic flow system for use in the irrigation and aspiration of a small elastic pressure responsive chamber.
- the system comprises: a fluid source under substantially constant pressure; fluid inflow means connected to the fluid source for limiting flow of the fluid from the source into the chamber thereby providing irrigation fluid at a predetermined limited flow rate and pressure into the chamber; fluid withdrawal means in fluid communication with the chamber for aspirating fluid from the chamber at a rate to eliminate transient pressure shocks to the chamber; a constant flow pump connected to the other end of the fluid withdrawal means, with the pump acting to draw fluid from the chamber through the withdrawal means; and the withdrawal means including a pressure differential relief valve intermediate the chamber and the pump, the relief valve responsively opening at a predetermined pressure differential which in combination with the parameters of the fluid withdrawal means limits the occurrence of pressure transients communicated to the chamber, whereby flow resistivity of the withdrawal means between the chamber and the valve attenuates the pressure changes transmitted to the chamber when the valve opens in response to the predetermined pressure differential between atmosphere and the pressure in
- the relief valve opens to atmosphere in response to a pressure differential of from 10 mm of mercury (Hg) to I mm Hg; the pressure of the fluid source is in the range of from to I00 mm Hg; the flow resistivity of the inflow means is from 0.042 to 18.5 mm Hg per ml per min; the flow resistivity of the fluid withdrawal means is from 0.35 to 21.5 mm Hg per ml per min; and the constant flow volume of the pump is from 5 to 50 ml per min.
- Hg mm of mercury
- I mm Hg the pressure of the fluid source
- the pressure of the fluid source is in the range of from to I00 mm Hg
- the flow resistivity of the inflow means is from 0.042 to 18.5 mm Hg per ml per min
- the flow resistivity of the fluid withdrawal means is from 0.35 to 21.5 mm Hg per ml per min
- the constant flow volume of the pump is from 5 to 50 ml per min.
- the preferred pressure, flow and flow resistivity ranges of the system according to the present invention comprise the following: a fluid source exerting a constant pressure of from 30 to 60 mm Hg; the inflow means having a flow resistivity of from 0.5 to 2.5 mm Hg. ml per min between the fluid source at one end and to the operative volume of the anterior chamber of an eye at the other end; the fluid withdrawal means having a flow resistivity of from 1.33 to 3.0 mm Hg. per ml per min.
- the constant volume pump having a flow rate of from to ml per min; and the relief valve connected to the flow withdrawal means intermediate the pump and the eye chamber responsively opening the atmosphere at a pressure differential of between about 30 and 50 mm Hg.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an effective flow control system for irrigating and aspirating the anterior chamber of the eye.
- Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a flow control system for effectively limiting the transient pressure and flow changes as felt by the anterior chamber of the eye during irrigation and aspiration thereof.
- FIG. 1 of the drawings is a diagram of the fluidic flow control system of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 of the drawings is an electrical circuit analog of the flow control system of FIG. 1.
- the apparatus includes a handpiece having an operative tip vibrating at a frequency in the ultrasonic range (preferably about 40.000 cps) with an amplitude controllable up to several thousandths of an inch.
- the operative tip is itself hollow and is in turn surrounded by a tubular sleeve forming an annular passage.
- the inflow fluid for irrigating the anterior chamber of the eye is introduced into the chamber through the annular passage and the broken up material. small particles and fluid in the eye, is withdrawn at the same time through the hollow tip to aspirate the chamber.
- FIG. 1 of the drawings wherein a simplified diagram of a handpiece 12 is shown with an operative tip 14 having a hollow withdrawal means 16, and an annular passage 18 surrounding the tip 14 for introducing fluid into an anterior chamber 20 of an eye undergoing cataract surgery.
- a simplified diagram of a handpiece 12 is shown with an operative tip 14 having a hollow withdrawal means 16, and an annular passage 18 surrounding the tip 14 for introducing fluid into an anterior chamber 20 of an eye undergoing cataract surgery.
- Irrigation fluid is introduced into the handpiece 12 via an inflow hose 22 which is connected at one end to the handpiece and at the other end to an administration set 23. that is a hose connected to an irrigation fluid supply bottle 24 suspended by an appropriate bracket (not shown) a fixed height I: over the level of the hand piece and eye.
- the fixed height h at which the fluid supply bottle is suspended acts to apply a fixed fluid pressure to fluid entering the hose 22 from the bottle to the eye.
- the selected height is such as to apply a pressure of from about l0 mm Hg to about I00 mm Hg to fluid entering the administration set and thereby furnish a fluid source having a constant preselected pressure level in relation to the handpiece.
- the height at which the supply bottle is suspended is such as to apply a pressure head of from 30 mm Hg to 60 mm Hg. According to the present invention, this is the sole means for supplying the pressure head which forces the flow of fluid from the bottle through the administration set 23, the inflow hose 22 and the annular passage of the handpiece into the anterior chamber of the eye.
- the pressure which is internally applied to the eye is of prime importance.
- pressure of the anterior chamber of the eye it is very important that pressure of the anterior chamber of the eye be maintained within a certain range of values to prevent damage thereto.
- a collapse of the anterior chamber due to reduced pressure could result in either the iris. the endothelium layer of the cornea. or the posterior capsule as well as other soft tissue. coming in contact with the operating tip of the handpiece.
- This problem of maintaining the proper pressure is a particularly difficult and sensitive one in the case of an operative site such as the anterior chamber, which is considerably smaller in volume than the volume of fluid necessary for continuous irrigation and aspirationv
- the anterior chamber of the eye is. of course, in the same pressure related system as the apparatus of this invention.
- the present invention provides an irrigation system which limits the fluid pressure to which the anterior chamber of the eye is subject by limiting the height at which the irrigation fluid supply is maintained in reference to the eye, and by further limiting the flow rate into the eye utilizing specified inflow means having a specified resistivity to flow. as well as relating the irrigation system to the fluid withdrawal or aspiration system. That portion of the fluidic system comprising the fluid withdrawal means, the constant flow pump and the differential pressure relief valve act in combination to limit fluid flow from the eye, and more importantly prevent sudden pressure changes or pressure transients from occuring by increasing the time period over which the pressure changes occur and by limiting the maximum pressure drop to which theeye would be exposed. This is accomplished by controlling the constant flow rate of the pump; by setting a predetermined limit to the pressure differential, the relief valve will open to atmosphere; and by controlling the flow resistivity of the fluid piping as herein described.
- the operative tip 14 of the handpiece is hollow and has an internal fluid withdrawal passage 30 constituting part of the fluid withdrawal system of the present invention utilized in aspirating the operative site of the eye.
- a fluid withdrawal pipe 32 is connected to the handpiece at one end and is in fluid communication with the fluid withdrawal passage.
- the other end of the fluid withdrawal pipe is connected to a constant flow pump 34 preferably a constant displacement, variable speed, peristaltic pump.
- the peristaltic feature acts to avoid any contact of the operating parts with the withdrawn fluid suspension.
- a relief valve 36 is connected by a T joint 38 to the fluid withdrawal pipe and is set to open to atmosphere should the pressure differential in the fluid withdrawal pipe exceed a predetermined pressure, which pressure may be from 30 mm Hg to 50 mm Hg.
- a pressure differential at which the relief valve opens is a pressure of about 40 mm Hg.
- Constant flow capacity of the pump is preferably a flow of from about ml per min to ml per minute.
- Flow resistivity of the fluid withdrawal means at these preferred conditions is from about l.33 mm Hg to about 3.0 mm Hg.
- Flow resistivity in the fluid inflow system is on the order of from about 0.5 to about 2.5 mm Hg per ml per min.
- FIG. 2 of the drawing shows the electrical analog circuit which led to the fluidic control system of this invention.
- each part of our invention functions in relation to a moderately uncontrollable set of conditions imposed by the needs of the operative site, i.e., anterior chamber of human eye and the size of the operative incision.
- the conditions in the anterior chamber of the eye are analogized by two electrical elements which are a resistive element 44 to account for flow resistivity through the incision, and a capacitor 45 to correspond to elasticity of the eye chamber, both elements being in parallel and connected to ground at one end and at the other end to the inflow irrigation system and the fluid withdrawal system.
- the fluid inflow system is analogized by a constant voltage source 46 corresponding to the fluid supply bottle set at a specified height to provide a constant pressure head; administration set resistance 47 corresponding to the flow resistivity thereof; an inflow resistance 48 corresponding to flow resistivity of the inflow hosing, and a resistance 50 corresponding to the flow resistivity of the fluid inflow manifold of the handpiece.
- a pipe resistance 52 corresponds to the resistivity imposed in the fluid withdrawal piping, and of the handpiece by outflow manifold resistance 54.
- the relief valve is analogized by a diode 56 and a zener diode 58 back to back in series at one end to the fluid withdrawal pipe and at the other end to ground (or atmosphere).
- the constant flow pump is analogized by inserting a hypothetical electrical current element 60 acting as a constant current source.
- resistance (R) is equivalent to flow resistance in pressure terms
- voltage (V) is equivalent to a pressure source in mm Hg
- current amperes (I) is equivalent to flow in ml per min.
- the system is able to accomplish the irrigationaspiration of the anterior chamber of the eye, while at the same time reducing transients introduced by occlusions of the fluid withdrawal or aspirating system. It can by seen be by our invention, we have provided a simplified though quite effective fluidic control system for use in conjunction with the operative system described herein and in the aforesaid U.S. Pat. No. 3,589,363 and which provides the safeguards, effectiveness, ease of use, and operative usefullness desired by the system shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,693,613.
- the irrigation portion of our system may be employed without the aspiration system.
- flow of fluid into the eye is as previously described while flow of fluid out of the anterior chamber of the eye is through the opening or incision made therein for the insertion of the handpiece tip.
- a modification of the irrigation system is shown in the drawings in solid line, where a pressure means for relief of undue pressure head is employed.
- the pressure means comprises a pressure relief valve 39 connected to the inflow hose 22 by a tube 40.
- the pressure relief valve 39 is selected to prevent undue pressure from being applied through the irrigation system to the eye chamber.
- a fluidic flow system for use in irrigationaspiration of a small elastic pressure responsive chamber, said system compising a fluid source at a pressure of from about 10 to mm Hg, fluid inflow means connected to said fluid source and in fluid communication with said chamber for (introducing) conducting from said source into said chamber, thereby providing irrigation, said fluid inflow means having a flow resistivity of from about 0.42 to 18.5 mm. Hg. per ml per min, fluid withdrawal means in fluid communication with said chamber for aspirating fluid from said chamber, said fluid withdrawal means having a flow resistivity of from about 0.35 to 21.5 mm Hg.
- constant flow pump means connected to said fluid withdrawal means at a point remote from said chamber, said pump means having a flow rate of from about to 50 ml per min. and acting to draw fluid from said chamber into said fluid withdrawal means, and
- pressure responsive valve means connected to said fluid withdrawal means intermediate said chamber and said pump means, said pressure responsive valve means opening said fluid withdrawal means to atmosphere at a predetermined pressure differential of between about and 100 min Hg. to thereby limit vacuum buildup in said fluid withdrawal means, said flow resistivities, flow rates and pressure differential act in combination to prevent excessive pressure and pressure transients in said chamber.
- a hollow tip mounted on the distal portion of said handpiece, said hollow tip being in fluid communication with said fluid withdrawal means, and capable of being inserted into the chamber of the eye,
- a fluid passage mounted adjacent said tip on said handpiece, said fluid passage being in fluid communication with said handpiece inflow manifold, said passage having an opening which is in fluid communication with the anterior chamber of the eye when the tip is inserted in the eye.
- a method of providing irrigationaspiration to a small elastic pressure responsive chamber comprising,
- step of pumping fluid from the chamber comprises applying a flow resistivity in the flow withdrawal means of from about 1.33 to 3.0 mm Hgs per ml per min. at a constant pumping rate of from about 20 to 30 ml per min. while simultaneously limiting 45 the pressure differential between about 30 and 50 mm Hg. 11.
- the method of claim 9 including the step of supplying fluid to the anterior chamber of the eye.
- a method of providing irrigation-aspiration to the 50 anterior chamber of the eye comprising, supplying fluid to said chamber at a pressure of about 45 mm Hg. and a flow resistivity to said chamber of 1 mm Hg. per ml per min. pumping fluid from the chamber at a limited rate through a flow withdrawal means at a flow rate of about 25 ml per min.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US437165A US3902495A (en) | 1974-01-28 | 1974-01-28 | Flow control system |
CA218,129A CA1068572A (en) | 1974-01-28 | 1975-01-17 | Flow control system |
US05/589,484 US4041947A (en) | 1974-01-28 | 1975-06-23 | Flow control system |
CA327,727A CA1068574A (en) | 1974-01-28 | 1979-05-16 | Flow control system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US437165A US3902495A (en) | 1974-01-28 | 1974-01-28 | Flow control system |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US05/589,484 Division US4041947A (en) | 1974-01-28 | 1975-06-23 | Flow control system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3902495A true US3902495A (en) | 1975-09-02 |
Family
ID=23735349
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US437165A Expired - Lifetime US3902495A (en) | 1974-01-28 | 1974-01-28 | Flow control system |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3902495A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1068572A (en) |
Cited By (106)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4011870A (en) * | 1976-03-05 | 1977-03-15 | Michael Goldstein | Needle instrument |
US4014333A (en) * | 1975-09-22 | 1977-03-29 | Mcintyre David J | Instrument for aspirating and irrigating during ophthalmic surgery |
US4033349A (en) * | 1976-04-13 | 1977-07-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Corneal seal device |
US4041947A (en) * | 1974-01-28 | 1977-08-16 | Cavitron Corporation | Flow control system |
US4056855A (en) * | 1976-04-07 | 1977-11-08 | Charles Kelman | Intraocular lens and method of implanting same |
US4136700A (en) * | 1975-03-05 | 1979-01-30 | Cavitron Corporation | Neurosonic aspirator |
FR2401656A1 (en) * | 1977-08-31 | 1979-03-30 | Nasa | OPHTHALMIC PROCESS FOR TREATING AN EYE WITH GLAUCOMA |
FR2474857A1 (en) * | 1980-02-06 | 1981-08-07 | Boutmy Ets | Multipurpose surgical probe - has fluid inlet pipes and pipes for withdrawal of waste fluid from operating site |
US4314560A (en) * | 1979-11-28 | 1982-02-09 | Helfgott Maxwell A | Powered handpiece for endophthalmic surgery |
US4363326A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1982-12-14 | Advanced Diagnostic Research Corporation | Ultrasonic apparatus for needle insertion |
US4493694A (en) * | 1980-10-17 | 1985-01-15 | Cooper Lasersonics, Inc. | Surgical pre-aspirator |
US4504264A (en) * | 1982-09-24 | 1985-03-12 | Kelman Charles D | Apparatus for and method of removal of material using ultrasonic vibraton |
US4516398A (en) * | 1980-10-08 | 1985-05-14 | Cooper Lasersonics, Inc. | Method of use of an ultrasonic surgical pre-aspirator having a orifice by-pass |
US4650461A (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1987-03-17 | Woods Randall L | Extracapasular cortex irrigation and extraction |
US4670006A (en) * | 1984-10-16 | 1987-06-02 | Sinnett Kevin B | Fluid and air infusion device |
US4689040A (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1987-08-25 | Thompson Robert J | Tip for a phacoemulsification needle |
US4750488A (en) * | 1986-05-19 | 1988-06-14 | Sonomed Technology, Inc. | Vibration apparatus preferably for endoscopic ultrasonic aspirator |
US4750902A (en) * | 1985-08-28 | 1988-06-14 | Sonomed Technology, Inc. | Endoscopic ultrasonic aspirators |
US4832685A (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1989-05-23 | Coopervision, Inc. | Fluid flow control system and connecting fitting therefor |
US4921477A (en) * | 1987-10-14 | 1990-05-01 | The Cooper Companies, Inc. | Surgical irrigation and aspiration system with dampening device |
US4921476A (en) * | 1980-10-08 | 1990-05-01 | Cavitron, Inc. | Method for preventing clogging of a surgical aspirator |
US4922902A (en) * | 1986-05-19 | 1990-05-08 | Valleylab, Inc. | Method for removing cellular material with endoscopic ultrasonic aspirator |
US4924851A (en) * | 1988-01-05 | 1990-05-15 | Societe Dite Sinergy S.A. | Surgical apparatus |
US4935005A (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1990-06-19 | Nestle, S.A. | Opthalmic fluid flow control system |
US5084012A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1992-01-28 | Kelman Charles D | Apparatus and method for irrigation and aspiration of interior regions of the human eye |
US5160317A (en) * | 1991-01-03 | 1992-11-03 | Costin John A | Computer controlled smart phacoemulsification method and apparatus |
US5185002A (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-02-09 | Alcon Surgical, Inc. | Transducer apparatus having water hammer dampening means |
US5197947A (en) * | 1991-10-24 | 1993-03-30 | University Of New Mexico | Powered clysis and clyser |
US5279547A (en) * | 1991-01-03 | 1994-01-18 | Alcon Surgical Inc. | Computer controlled smart phacoemulsification method and apparatus |
US5318570A (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1994-06-07 | Advanced Osseous Technologies, Inc. | Ultrasonic tool |
US5324297A (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1994-06-28 | Advanced Osseous Technologies, Inc. | Ultrasonic tool connector |
US5328456A (en) * | 1990-11-13 | 1994-07-12 | Nidek Co., Ltd. | Irrigation and aspiration apparatus |
US5370602A (en) * | 1992-09-04 | 1994-12-06 | American Cyanamid Company | Phacoemulsification probe circuit with pulse width Modulating drive |
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