US3901717A - Hard precious material - Google Patents

Hard precious material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3901717A
US3901717A US312346A US31234672A US3901717A US 3901717 A US3901717 A US 3901717A US 312346 A US312346 A US 312346A US 31234672 A US31234672 A US 31234672A US 3901717 A US3901717 A US 3901717A
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Prior art keywords
precious
gold
precious metal
volume
mohs
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US312346A
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Francis Revaz
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Les Fabriques dAssortiments Reunies SA FAR
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Les Fabriques dAssortiments Reunies SA FAR
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
    • A44C17/00—Gems or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents

Definitions

  • such a material is obtained by distribution of a precious metal within a matrix or base of ceramic material having a hardness exceeding 6 Mohs, the precious metal occupying 7.5 to 70% of the volume of a body made of the material.
  • This invention also relates to a method for producing a hard precious material as defined above, this method broadly comprising thoroughly mixing 30 to 92.5 volume-% of ceramic material having a Mohs hardness exceeding 6 with 7.5 to 70 volume-% of a precious metal, adding to this mixture a small percentage of mineral oxides for assisting sintering and of organic binding agents for facilitating pressing, the mixture in powder form is pressed into the desired shape, the dimensions of this shape exceeding the nominal final dimensions for compensating shrinkage during the following sintering operation, the objects obtained in this way are heated to 100 to 200 C for eliminating said organic binding agents, and then sintering at temperatures ex- .ceeding 1400 C is effected, whereafter the objects are polished in order to obtain the required brilliancy for use.
  • the degree of shrinkage varies considerably. It depends particularly on the percentage of precious metal used, but also on the type of the ceramic base or matrix material used.
  • the degree of shrinkage may vary from 5 to 25%. Usually it has to be determined by experiment for any type of composition of the material and manufacturing method, in that samples of the material are made and the degree of shrinkage is measured.
  • the hard precious material obtained by this method is preferably used for making jewelry. All kindsofjewelry may be made such as rings, chains, bracelets, brooches, long neck chains and bracelets for wrist watches.
  • the material may also be used as a sliding body or bearing portion, the precious metal imparting to the composed material its low friction coefficient and the ceramic matrix or base imparting to the material its high resistance to wear.
  • the material may particularly well be used for making watch cases.
  • the objects After sintering, the objects are polished in order to obtain the necessary brilliancy for their use in jewelry.
  • the gold is uniformly distributed in a skeleton of hard ceramic material, namely in corundum when alumina powder is used as a base material as set out above.
  • EXAMPLE 1 7.7 volume-% of gold powder are thoroughly mixed with 92.3 volume% of highly pure alumina powder. 1 volume-% of MgO and Ga O is added to this mixture for assisting compaction during sintering.
  • An organic binding agent for instance 1 weight-% of polyvinyl alcohol or 0.5 weigth-% of stearic acid are further added for facilitating pressing of the mixture.
  • the mixture is now pressed into the desired shape and size, taking care of selecting the dimensions such that after shinkage of the formed object during sintering the required dimensions are obtained.
  • the objects are now heated to 100 to 200 C for eliminating the organic binding agents.
  • the objects are then sintered at 1600 C, whereafter they are polished as explained above.
  • the hardness is of 1250 to 16S0 Knoop this corresponding to 7 to 8 in the scale of Mohs.
  • the degree of shrinkage to be taken into consideration is in the order of 14%.
  • EXAMPLE 2 14.2 volume-% of gold is thoroughly mixed with 85.8 volume-% of highly pure powder of alumina. The mineral oxides and binding agents of example 1 are added. The mixture is pressed and the objects thus obtained are calcined at a termperature between 100 and 200 C for eliminating the organic binding agents. The objects are then sintered at 1650 C. The Knoop hardness is comprised between 1250 and 1450, this corresponding to a hardness of Mohs of 7 to 7.5. The shrinkage to be considered is in the order of 13%.
  • EXAMPLE 3 25,0 volume-% of gold are mixed with 75.0 volumeof highly pure alumina powder. The method then proceeds according to example 1.
  • the sintering temperature is 1650 C.
  • the Knoop hardness is between 1150' and 1250, this corresponding to a Mohs hardness of 7.
  • the shrinkage is in the order of 10%.
  • EXAMPLE 4 35.0 volume-% of gold are carefully mixed with 65.0 volume-% of highly pure alumina powder. The method is then carried out according to example 1. Sintering is effected at 1650 C. The Knoop hardness is 920, this corresponding to a Mohs hardness of 6.5. The shrinkage is about 8%.
  • EXAMPLE 15.0 volume-% of gold are carefully mixed with 85.0 volume-% of a mixture composed of one mole of NiO and one mole of Ta O
  • the same organic binding agents are added as in example 1.
  • the objects are pressed and shaped as set out in example 1 and they are then calcined at a temperature between 100 and 200 C for eliminating the organic binding agents.
  • the objects are then sintered at 1450 C.
  • the Knoop hardness is of 890, this corresponding to a Mobs-hardness of 6.5. A shrinkage of about 15% has to be taken into consideration.
  • Ceramic materials having suitable hardness such as for instance BeO (9 Mohs), ZrO with 10% of CaO or of Y O (6.5 to 8 Mohs) or spine] (MgOAl O 8 Mohs). It is also possible to use further ceramic materials such as particularly ceramic glasses (Pyroceram).
  • the novel material according to this invention may easily be polished by means of diamond paste similar to the paste used in lapidary mills. In view of its relatively high percentage of precious metal, this percentage being of 28 weight-% in the case of 7.5 volume-% and of 80 weight-% in the case of 45 volume-%, the material may be considered as being a precious material.
  • the gold may be recovered by solving it by means of potassium cyanide (KCN). Platinum may be recovered by chemical solution or by melting. Silver may also be recovered by melting.
  • An article of jewelry comprising a hard precious material having a hardness exceeding 6 Mohs, said material comprising a precious metal selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum and silver distrib-,

Abstract

A hard precious material having the appearance of a precious metal such as gold, platinum or silver, wherein a precious metal such as gold, platinum or silver is finely distributed in a base of ceramic material having a high hardness exceeding 6 Mohs, the fritted body of these constituents being polished to give the appearance of a precious metal.

Description

mite
States atet Revaz Aug. 26, 1975 [54] HARD PRECIOUS MATERIAL 2,414,368 1/1947 Feichtfil' 106/42 x 2,488,507 11 1949 Burdick 63/32 [75] Invent Frncls Rev, Le Lode 2,631,106 3/1953 Mitkewich. l06/42 swltlerland 2,690,630 10 1954 Eversole 63 32 2,723,915 11 1955 Merker 106 42 [73] Assgnee i P 's? 3,442,666 5/1969 Berghezanm. 106/42 x 6 3,489,627 1 1970 Botden et al. 106/42 x [22] Filed; Dec 5 1972 3,528,847 9/1970 Grego et al. 106/73.4 X
App]. No.: 312,346
Foreign Application Priority Data Dec. 10, 1971 Switzerland 18015/71 U.S. c1. 106/42; 106/65; l06/73.4;
63/32 161. c1. 00413 35/00 Field 61 Search 106/42, 65, 73.4; 63/32 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 12/1925 Bertolini 106/42 X 5/1942 Weiss 63/32 Primary Examiner-Winston A. Douglas Assistant ExaminerJohn F. Niebling Attorney, Agent, or Firmlmirie, Smiley & Linn [5 7 ABSTRACT 6 Claims, N0 Drawings HARD RRECHOUS MATERIAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a hard precious material having the appearance of a precious metal such as gold, platinum or silver, a method for producing this hard precious material and the use of the same.
Jewelry made of precious metals such as gold, platinum and silver and their alloys are scratched when such jewelry is bumped against or slid over hard objects. This is easily understood when considering that the Mohs hardness of gold and its usual alloys is in the order of 2 to 3. Any object having a hardness exceeding a value of 3 in the scale of Mohs will scratch jewelry made of gold. Practically a high number of materials have a hardness exceeding a value of 3 in the scale of Mohs, for instance glass, bricks, cement and concrete. It would thus be desirable that jewelry worn in normal daily life having hardness in the order of 8 or 9 Mohs in order to conserve its original brilliancy and appearance of a precious metal.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of this invention to obtain a material having the advantages of a hard material together with the appearance and the brilliancy of precious metals such as gold, and possibly silver, platinum and others.
In accordance with this invention such a material is obtained by distribution of a precious metal within a matrix or base of ceramic material having a hardness exceeding 6 Mohs, the precious metal occupying 7.5 to 70% of the volume of a body made of the material.
This invention also relates to a method for producing a hard precious material as defined above, this method broadly comprising thoroughly mixing 30 to 92.5 volume-% of ceramic material having a Mohs hardness exceeding 6 with 7.5 to 70 volume-% of a precious metal, adding to this mixture a small percentage of mineral oxides for assisting sintering and of organic binding agents for facilitating pressing, the mixture in powder form is pressed into the desired shape, the dimensions of this shape exceeding the nominal final dimensions for compensating shrinkage during the following sintering operation, the objects obtained in this way are heated to 100 to 200 C for eliminating said organic binding agents, and then sintering at temperatures ex- .ceeding 1400 C is effected, whereafter the objects are polished in order to obtain the required brilliancy for use.
The degree of shrinkage varies considerably. It depends particularly on the percentage of precious metal used, but also on the type of the ceramic base or matrix material used. The degree of shrinkage may vary from 5 to 25%. Usually it has to be determined by experiment for any type of composition of the material and manufacturing method, in that samples of the material are made and the degree of shrinkage is measured.
The hard precious material obtained by this method is preferably used for making jewelry. All kindsofjewelry may be made such as rings, chains, bracelets, brooches, long neck chains and bracelets for wrist watches. The material may also be used as a sliding body or bearing portion, the precious metal imparting to the composed material its low friction coefficient and the ceramic matrix or base imparting to the material its high resistance to wear. The material may particularly well be used for making watch cases.
This invention will now be described first in its general aspect and then by means of a number of specific examples of the method for producing the hard precious material.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION First 30 92.5 volume-% of very pure alumina powder are thoroughly mixed with to 7.5 volume-% of gold. A small percentage of mineral oxides for assisting sintering and of organic binding agents for facilitating pressing and shaping of the mixture are then added to the same. Afterwards this mixture is pressed in a form for obtaining the desired shape, whereby the size or dimensions are selected such that after shrinkage of the object during sintering the required final shape and dimensions are obtained. The shaped objects are then heated to to 200 C for eliminating the organic binding agents, whereafter the objects are sintered at 1400 to 1600 C. The gold which is in liquid state at these sintering temperatures remains uniformly distributed in the skeleton of the ceramic material by capillarity. After sintering, the objects are polished in order to obtain the necessary brilliancy for their use in jewelry. In this manner the gold is uniformly distributed in a skeleton of hard ceramic material, namely in corundum when alumina powder is used as a base material as set out above.
More specific examples will now be given for obtaining hard precious materials in accordance with this invention: I
EXAMPLE 1 7.7 volume-% of gold powder are thoroughly mixed with 92.3 volume% of highly pure alumina powder. 1 volume-% of MgO and Ga O is added to this mixture for assisting compaction during sintering. An organic binding agent, for instance 1 weight-% of polyvinyl alcohol or 0.5 weigth-% of stearic acid are further added for facilitating pressing of the mixture. The mixture is now pressed into the desired shape and size, taking care of selecting the dimensions such that after shinkage of the formed object during sintering the required dimensions are obtained. The objects are now heated to 100 to 200 C for eliminating the organic binding agents. The objects are then sintered at 1600 C, whereafter they are polished as explained above. The hardness is of 1250 to 16S0 Knoop this corresponding to 7 to 8 in the scale of Mohs. The degree of shrinkage to be taken into consideration is in the order of 14%.
EXAMPLE 2 14.2 volume-% of gold is thoroughly mixed with 85.8 volume-% of highly pure powder of alumina. The mineral oxides and binding agents of example 1 are added. The mixture is pressed and the objects thus obtained are calcined at a termperature between 100 and 200 C for eliminating the organic binding agents. The objects are then sintered at 1650 C. The Knoop hardness is comprised between 1250 and 1450, this corresponding to a hardness of Mohs of 7 to 7.5. The shrinkage to be considered is in the order of 13%.
EXAMPLE 3 25,0 volume-% of gold are mixed with 75.0 volumeof highly pure alumina powder. The method then proceeds according to example 1. The sintering temperature is 1650 C. The Knoop hardness is between 1150' and 1250, this corresponding to a Mohs hardness of 7. The shrinkage is in the order of 10%.
EXAMPLE 4 35.0 volume-% of gold are carefully mixed with 65.0 volume-% of highly pure alumina powder. The method is then carried out according to example 1. Sintering is effected at 1650 C. The Knoop hardness is 920, this corresponding to a Mohs hardness of 6.5. The shrinkage is about 8%.
EXAMPLE 15.0 volume-% of gold are carefully mixed with 85.0 volume-% of a mixture composed of one mole of NiO and one mole of Ta O The same organic binding agents are added as in example 1. The objects are pressed and shaped as set out in example 1 and they are then calcined at a temperature between 100 and 200 C for eliminating the organic binding agents. The objects are then sintered at 1450 C. The Knoop hardness is of 890, this corresponding to a Mobs-hardness of 6.5. A shrinkage of about 15% has to be taken into consideration.
This example is of particular interest because the tritutile (NiO Ta O has a yellow color. It thus assists and reinforces the yellow gold color of the hard precious material obtained.
Other ceramic materials having suitable hardness may be used, such as for instance BeO (9 Mohs), ZrO with 10% of CaO or of Y O (6.5 to 8 Mohs) or spine] (MgOAl O 8 Mohs). It is also possible to use further ceramic materials such as particularly ceramic glasses (Pyroceram).
The novel material according to this invention may easily be polished by means of diamond paste similar to the paste used in lapidary mills. In view of its relatively high percentage of precious metal, this percentage being of 28 weight-% in the case of 7.5 volume-% and of 80 weight-% in the case of 45 volume-%, the material may be considered as being a precious material. The gold may be recovered by solving it by means of potassium cyanide (KCN). Platinum may be recovered by chemical solution or by melting. Silver may also be recovered by melting.
What I claim is:
1. An article of jewelry comprising a hard precious material having a hardness exceeding 6 Mohs, said material comprising a precious metal selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum and silver distrib-,
uted in a ceramic matrix of alumina, said metal occupying 7.7 to by volume of said matrix.
2. A precious material according to claim 1, wherein said matrix of ceramic material has a yellow color.
3. A precious material according to claim 1, wherein said precious metal is gold.
4. A precious material according to claim 1, wherein said precious metal is platinum.
5. A precious material according to claim 1, wherein said precious metal is silver.
6. An article of jewelry of claim 1, wherein said article is a watch case.

Claims (6)

1. AN ARTICLE OF JEWELRY COMPRISING A HARD PRECIOUS MATERIAL HAVING A HARDNESS EXCEEDING 6 MOHS, SAID MATERIAL COMPRISING A PRECIOUS METAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF GOLD, PLATIUM AND SILVER DISTRIBUTED IN A CERAMIC MATRIX OF ALUMINA, SAID METAL OCCUPYING 7.7 TO 70% BY VOLUME OF SAID MATRIX.
2. A precious material according to claim 1, wherein said matrix of ceramic material has a yellow color.
3. A precious material according to claim 1, wherein said precious metal is gold.
4. A precious material according to claim 1, wherein said precious metal is platinum.
5. A precious material according to claim 1, wherein said precious metal is silver.
6. An article of jewelry of claim 1, wherein said article is a watch case.
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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5105510A (en) * 1990-07-11 1992-04-21 Montres Rado S.A. Telescopically extensible bracelet clasp
US5796019A (en) * 1995-01-25 1998-08-18 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh Method of manufacturing an electrically conductive cermet
WO1999012443A1 (en) * 1997-09-08 1999-03-18 West Trent W Wear resistant jewelry apparatus and method
US6062045A (en) * 1998-09-08 2000-05-16 West; Trent W. Wear resistance jewelry
US6482352B1 (en) * 1999-10-20 2002-11-19 Injex Corporation Method of manufacturing watch-bracelet component
US6553667B1 (en) 1997-09-08 2003-04-29 Trent West Apparatus and method for manufacturing composite articles including wear resistant jewelry and medical and industrial devices and components thereof
US20030205107A1 (en) * 2000-11-14 2003-11-06 Board Of Trustees Of University Of Illinois Colored metal clay and colored metals
US6928734B1 (en) 1997-09-08 2005-08-16 Trent West Jewelry ring and method of manufacturing same
US20110064937A1 (en) * 2008-05-28 2011-03-17 Aida Chemcial Industries Co. Ltd Composition for precious metal sintering, process for producing precious metal sinter and precious metal sinter
US20110159216A1 (en) * 2009-12-29 2011-06-30 Nokia Corporation Colored Metal
US20130030546A1 (en) * 2010-03-17 2013-01-31 Kabushiki Kaisha B. I. Tec Stem Structure For Composite Prosthetic Hip And Method For Manufacturing The Same
US20140162864A1 (en) * 2012-05-09 2014-06-12 Michelene Hall Metal detectible ceramic tooling
US20140361670A1 (en) * 2013-06-10 2014-12-11 Apple Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a gold metal matrix composite
US9695090B2 (en) * 2011-03-08 2017-07-04 Hublot Sa Composite material comprising a precious metal, manufacturing process and use of such material
US9815743B2 (en) 2012-05-09 2017-11-14 Michelene Hall Metal detectible ceramic material and method for making the same
US10666021B2 (en) 2018-01-24 2020-05-26 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug electrode assembly and method of manufacturing same
US10710933B2 (en) 2012-05-09 2020-07-14 Thomas Blaszczykiewicz Cermet body
US10865149B2 (en) 2012-05-09 2020-12-15 Thomas Blaszczykiewicz Metal-detectable plastic material
US11225704B2 (en) 2012-05-09 2022-01-18 Thomas Blaszczykiewicz Cermet body
US11958262B2 (en) 2019-03-28 2024-04-16 Innex Innovative Industries Cermet tooling with a plastic support structure

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US2414368A (en) * 1947-01-14 Vitreous and vitrdyiable composi
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US3442666A (en) * 1963-11-29 1969-05-06 Union Carbide Corp Solid solution cement
US3489627A (en) * 1962-04-03 1970-01-13 Philips Corp Sio2,-cao-bao composition and method for bonding therewith
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US2488507A (en) * 1947-08-27 1949-11-15 Linde Air Prod Co Synthetic star rubies and star sapphires, and process for producing same
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Cited By (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5105510A (en) * 1990-07-11 1992-04-21 Montres Rado S.A. Telescopically extensible bracelet clasp
EP0724021B1 (en) * 1995-01-25 2005-03-30 W.C. Heraeus GmbH Process for preparing an electro-conductive cermet
US5796019A (en) * 1995-01-25 1998-08-18 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh Method of manufacturing an electrically conductive cermet
US20100307005A1 (en) * 1997-09-08 2010-12-09 Trent West Methods Of Making Tungsten Carbide-Based Annular Jewelry Rings
US6993842B2 (en) 1997-09-08 2006-02-07 Trent West Methods and jewelry articles comprising sintered tungsten carbide
US6553667B1 (en) 1997-09-08 2003-04-29 Trent West Apparatus and method for manufacturing composite articles including wear resistant jewelry and medical and industrial devices and components thereof
US8584360B2 (en) 1997-09-08 2013-11-19 Trent West Methods of making tungsten carbide-based annular jewelry rings
US20040020242A1 (en) * 1997-09-08 2004-02-05 Trent West Tungsten carbide-based annular jewelry article
US8061033B2 (en) 1997-09-08 2011-11-22 Trent West Methods of making tungsten carbide-based annular jewelry rings
US20040025348A1 (en) * 1997-09-08 2004-02-12 Trent West Methods and jewelry articles comprising sintered tungsten carbide
US6928734B1 (en) 1997-09-08 2005-08-16 Trent West Jewelry ring and method of manufacturing same
US6990736B2 (en) 1997-09-08 2006-01-31 Trent West Methods for preparing jewelry articles comprising sintered tungsten carbide
WO1999012443A1 (en) * 1997-09-08 1999-03-18 West Trent W Wear resistant jewelry apparatus and method
US7032314B2 (en) 1997-09-08 2006-04-25 Trent West Methods of making tungsten carbide-based annular jewelry rings
US20060123608A1 (en) * 1997-09-08 2006-06-15 Trent West Methods of making tungsten carbide-based annular jewelry rings
US7076972B2 (en) 1997-09-08 2006-07-18 Trent West Tungsten carbide-based annular jewelry article
US20060254314A1 (en) * 1997-09-08 2006-11-16 Trent West Tungsten carbide-based finger rings
US7761996B2 (en) 1997-09-08 2010-07-27 Trent West Methods of making tungsten carbide-based annular jewelry rings
US6062045A (en) * 1998-09-08 2000-05-16 West; Trent W. Wear resistance jewelry
US6482352B1 (en) * 1999-10-20 2002-11-19 Injex Corporation Method of manufacturing watch-bracelet component
US20030205107A1 (en) * 2000-11-14 2003-11-06 Board Of Trustees Of University Of Illinois Colored metal clay and colored metals
US20110064937A1 (en) * 2008-05-28 2011-03-17 Aida Chemcial Industries Co. Ltd Composition for precious metal sintering, process for producing precious metal sinter and precious metal sinter
TWI478781B (en) * 2008-05-28 2015-04-01 Aida Chemical Ind Co Ltd A method for producing a precious metal sintered body, a method for producing a noble metal sintered body, and a precious metal sintered body thereof
US20110159216A1 (en) * 2009-12-29 2011-06-30 Nokia Corporation Colored Metal
US8790438B2 (en) * 2009-12-29 2014-07-29 Nokia Corporation Colored metal
US9061090B2 (en) * 2010-03-17 2015-06-23 Kabushiki Kaisha B.I. Tec Stem structure for composite prosthetic hip and method for manufacturing the same
US20130030546A1 (en) * 2010-03-17 2013-01-31 Kabushiki Kaisha B. I. Tec Stem Structure For Composite Prosthetic Hip And Method For Manufacturing The Same
US9695090B2 (en) * 2011-03-08 2017-07-04 Hublot Sa Composite material comprising a precious metal, manufacturing process and use of such material
US20140162864A1 (en) * 2012-05-09 2014-06-12 Michelene Hall Metal detectible ceramic tooling
US11225704B2 (en) 2012-05-09 2022-01-18 Thomas Blaszczykiewicz Cermet body
US9670101B2 (en) * 2012-05-09 2017-06-06 Thomas Blaszczykiewicz Metal detectible ceramic tooling
US10710933B2 (en) 2012-05-09 2020-07-14 Thomas Blaszczykiewicz Cermet body
US9815743B2 (en) 2012-05-09 2017-11-14 Michelene Hall Metal detectible ceramic material and method for making the same
US10865149B2 (en) 2012-05-09 2020-12-15 Thomas Blaszczykiewicz Metal-detectable plastic material
US9427806B2 (en) * 2013-06-10 2016-08-30 Apple Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a gold metal matrix composite
US20140361670A1 (en) * 2013-06-10 2014-12-11 Apple Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a gold metal matrix composite
US10666021B2 (en) 2018-01-24 2020-05-26 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Spark plug electrode assembly and method of manufacturing same
US11958262B2 (en) 2019-03-28 2024-04-16 Innex Innovative Industries Cermet tooling with a plastic support structure

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