US390053A - Elevator - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

C. W. BALDWIN.

BLBVATOR.

No. 890,058. Patented sept. 25, 1888.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

C. W. BALDWIN. BLBVATOR.'

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CYRUS WV. BALDWIN, OF YONKERS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

eLEVAToe.

SPECIFICATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 390,053, dated September 25, 1888. Application tiled June 22, 1886. Serial No. 205,519. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Crans W. BALDWIN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Yonkers,Vestchester county,New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Elevators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to means for operating the stopping and starting device of an elevator from the traveling cage thereof; and it consists of certain appliances fully set forth hereinafter, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an elevation of sufficient of a hydraulic elevator to illustrate my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan on the line 1 2, Fig.

' 1. Fig. 3 is an edge view, enlarged, of the safety arrangement shown in side elevation, Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the frame and pulleys for operating the shifting-rope, the pulleys being separated. Fig. 5 is a side view of a modified pulley-operating frame. Fig. 6 is au edge View of Fig. 5.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention I have shown it in connection with what is known as the Baldwin hydraulic elevator, in which the car A is operated through the medium of flexible suspensories by the movement of a piston in a cylinder, B, the iiow of water to and from the cylinder being regulated by a valve in a casing, D, which valve is operated by the rotation of a shaft, l, in opposite directions. The shaft l is provided with a pulley, 2, round which thelower ends of two ropes, 3 4, are wound in opposite directions, the upper ends of said ropes being connected to eyebolts 5 6 at the top of the well. Instead of two ropes a single rope may be used having the ends of its two sections connected to the eyebolts and its central portion wound round the pulley 2.' In either case the tightening of one section or portion,3 or 4, of the rope and simultaneousloosening or slackening of the other would result in a rotation of the pulley 2 and a movement of the valve in the casing D.

In order to effect the rotation ofthe pulley 2 from the cage bythe simultaneous equal tightening and slackening of the two sections of the rope, I move each rope or cach section of the rope by the reverse movements of two pairs of pulleys mounted upon a bar or frame in such manner as to permitthem to be simultaneously rocked upon the pivot ofthe bar or frame. Thus a bar, 7, is secured centrally to a shaft, 8, extending through the side of the cage, and carries upon projecting studs 9 l0 a pair of pulleys, 11 12, round which the portion 3 of the rope or cable passes, first under the pulley 11 and then over the pulley 12, and upon thcvsame studs turn the two other pulleys, 13 14, the portion 4 of the cable passing beneath the pulley 14 and over the pulley 13, and the cable is of such length that both sections will be taut and the valve will be in its central position when the axes of the pulleys are upon a horizontal plane.

It will be seen that when the frame or bar 7 is swungin t-he direction of the arrow, Fig. 4, the portion 3 of the cable will be contracted and the portion 4 will be simultaneously slackened, thereby imparting rotation to the pulley 2 in direction of its arrow, Fig. 1, and moving the valve, and that by swinging the bar 7 in the opposite direction the portion 4 of the cable will be tightened and the portion 3 slackened, reversing the movement of the valve.

The horizontal arrangement of the pulleys when the valve is in mid-position is important, because the swinging of the frame in either direction from a horizontal line or plane draws upon one section of the cable, to'precisely the same extent as it pays out or slackens the other, while any other arrangement of the pulleys would result in paying out one portion of thecable to a greater extent than the other is drawn upon, so that the slack cned portion is liable to slip from the pulleys as the cage travels up and down past the suspended cable.

The vibrating frame forsupporting the pulleys may be constructed in different ways. I prefer, however, to make it in the form of a bar provided with studs, as this arrangement is compact and occupies but little room beyoud the outside ofthe cage.

It is not essential that the pulleys be carried in circular paths, as they may be moved upon vertical lines in opposite directions. For instance, the adjacent pulleysof each pairI may turn upon studs projecting from a slide, 15, moving in a guide, 16, at the side ofthe cage, and the two slides may be moved vertically in opposite directions by being connected to the cross-bar 7, secured to the shaft S, extending inside ofthe cage.

rlhe operating wheel or lever 17 may be connected directly to the end of the shaft S. I prefer, however, to provide the latter with a toothed wheel, 18, gearing with a small pinion, 19, upon the shaft 20, carrying the handwhecl or lever 17, so as to increase thc leverage and prevent too abrupt a movement of the frame or carrier supporting the pulleys.

In order to insure an instant arrest of the cage should either portion of the hand-rope break, I use a detent arranged to support a weight in an elevated position or resist the action ot' the spring, which weight or spring when released will act upon the valve-operating devices to bring the valve toits mid-position and arrest the movement of the cage. I have illustrated in the drawings one form in which such a safety device may be embodied, the said form being especially adapted for use in the hydraulic elevating apparatus illustrated and described.

A forked bar, 21, is hung loosely' to the shaft 1, and carries at its upper end a grooved pulley, 22, of such width that the two portions 3 4 of the cable pass in contact with the opposite edges of the pulley and sustain the latter in a nearly vertical position above the shaft 1.

To the periphery of the pulley 2, and to the k lowest part of the periphery when the valve is in its mid-position, is secured a flexible strap or band, 24,carrying at the lower end a block, 25, having a notch, x, and provided with a hook i'or attachment to a counterbalancesuch as a weight or spring, 26.

To the frame ol" the lifting-machine is pivoted to swing horizontally a detcnt-arm, 27, which extends between the forks c c of the bar 2l, and when the weight or spring 26 is lifted may be brought into the notch .r of the block 25, so as to leave the belt 24C slack and permit the pulley 2 to rotate freely in each direction to the extent necessary to operate the valve.

Se long as the shitting or hand rope or eable is intact thc parts will maintain the position shown in Figs. 1 and 8; but should either portion of the cable break, the pulley 22 will no longer have any lateral support and will fall to one side, vibrating "the forked bar 2l and bringing one of the forks against the detent-arm 27 and throwing it out of the notch as, so that the weight or spring draws taut the strap 2i and pulls it downward until the pulley 2 is brought to such position as to close the valve and stop the movement of the cage.

To prevent the pulley 2 from being carried by momentum beyond its central position, I conduct the strap 24 between two studs or rollers, 40 40, so that after the attached end of the strap reaches the point above the rollers any further movement would result in lifting the weight, which therefore resists such further movement.

As the valve-operating cable is suspended from stationary supports, the valve cannot be automatically closed by the contact of the cage with stops upon the cable, as usual. I therev fore provide means whereby the pulleysup porting frame or other pulley-operating device may be automatically moved to shift the valve as the cage approaches the limit of its movement in each direction. Thus I arrange at the top of the well a stop block or plate, 3l), hav ing an inclined 'i'aee arranged to make contact with a friction-roller upon an arm, 33, extending from the bar or frame 7, and thereby tilt the latter to close the valve as the cage reaches the limit ofits upward movement, and I place another contact-plate, 3l, similar to the plate 30, but in a reversed position, near the bottom of the well, in a vertical plane a little to one side of that of the plate 30, in position to make contact with a friction-roller upon an arm, 3i, ot' the frame 7.

The arms 33 and 34 are set at such an angle to the frame 7 that their contacting-points will be nearly level with theeenter ot' vibration of the frame when the latter is tilted up or down to its maximum extent, so that there will be no tendency to thrust back from the bearing point toward the axis ofthe frame, which might result if the said bearing was at the end ot' an arm in line with the bar or frame 7, so that the bearingpoint would be above or below the axis of the frame at the time of contact. By

placing the plates 30 3l upon different planes or offsetting them each plate only makes contact with the arm with which it is to operate, the other arm passing the plate at one side.

I do not here claim the combination of the suspended cables connected with the stopping and starting devices and the pulley-carrying frame and contact-plates for automatically shifting the frame by contact with the same or with the arms thereof, as this forms the subject of a separate application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 279,246, tiled July 7, 1888.

I am aware that a cage having connected therewith two doublc-grooved adj ust-able pulleys round which the two sections of la suspended cable are passed is described in Letters Patent No. 359,551, granted to N. G. Bassett March 15, 1887, and I do not claim such construction in my improved apparatus, as there is a pair of independent pulleys for each cable-section, whereby the pulleys round which one cableseetion passes can move independently of those round which the other section passes, so that any slacking or tightening of either section will not cause any slip of either section in respect to its guiding-pulleys.

While for the purpose of illustrating my invention I have shown it in connection with a hydraulic elevating apparatus in which the valve is the stopping and starting device, it will be evident that it may be used in connec IIS ifo

tion with other Vl'orms of elevators-as, for instance, with what are termed Hmechanical elevators, where a belt-shifting bar is the stopping and starting device, or with electric elevators, where the switch in some instances is the stopping and starting device.

It will be evident that a cross-bar or lever secured to the shaft 1 and having the two sections 3 4 of the cable connected to its ends Would be an equivalent of the pulley 2.

Ido not claim as my invention two fixed suspended ropes connected to thestopping and starting device, and both operated by one de vice carried by the cage; neither do I claim a device for operating the stopping and starting device ot' an elevator, consisting of two fixed suspended cable-sections connected with the stopping and starting device, andasingle cable-tightener carried by the cage and bearing upon both sections to tighten and slacken the same alternately.

Vithout limiting myself to the precise construction and arrangement of parts shown, I claim- 1. The combination, with the cage and stopping and starting device of an elevator, of a cable consisting of two suspended sections within the well, connected at their lower ends with the stopping and starting device, and two pairs of pulleys supported side by side, and adjusting mechanism extending within the cage for simultaneously raising or lowering the adjacent pulleys of both pairs, the two sections of the cable being passed in opposite directions round the pulleys, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a vibrating frame carrying pulleys around which pass the snspended cable-sections, of a toothed wheel upon the shaft of said frame and a hand-Wheel within the cage upon a shaft having a pinion gearing with said toothed wheel, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the stopping and starting device of an elevator, of a counterbalance connected thereto to hold the same in its mid-position, a detent for holding said counter-balance out of action, a pulley arranged to bear against the operating-cable for shift-ing the stopping and starting device, and an arm or bar arranged to release the detent when the pulley moves from contact with the cable, substantially as set forth.

et. The combination, with the shifting-cable,

ing the said counter-balance, a pivoted forkedv bar having its prongs extending on opposite sides ofthe detent, and a pulley carried by said bar and normally occupying a position between the two sections of the shifting-cable, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the operatingcable and stopping and starting device of an elevator, of a counter-balance whereby to bring the stopping and starting device into position to arrest the cage, a detent for holding the said counter-balance ont of action, and

an arm bearing on the operating-cable, and connections between the arm and detent whereby the latter is shifted when the arm moves on the breaking or displacement of the cable, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the stopping and starting device, the pulley 2, the cable, the strap and weight, the rollers 40, the detent, and an automatic device for moving the detent when the shifting-cable breaks, substantially as described.

8. The combination, in an elevator, of a cage, a stopping and starting device, two cable-sections suspended from fixed points within the well and connected at their lower ends with said device, and-two pairs of grooved pulleys carried by the cage and connected with a single operating device within the cage,each cable-section passing beneath one pulley of one pair and over the adjacent pulley of the other pair, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

. In testimony WhereofI have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.'

CYRUS W. BALDNIN. lVitnesses: WM. H. SWENY, .loi-IN T. G-AWRY.

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