US3899625A - Sheet metal treated with lubricant for press work - Google Patents

Sheet metal treated with lubricant for press work Download PDF

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Publication number
US3899625A
US3899625A US317142A US31714272A US3899625A US 3899625 A US3899625 A US 3899625A US 317142 A US317142 A US 317142A US 31714272 A US31714272 A US 31714272A US 3899625 A US3899625 A US 3899625A
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United States
Prior art keywords
lubricant
resin
film
water
sheet metal
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Expired - Lifetime
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US317142A
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English (en)
Inventor
Soichi Izumi
Takeo Ashiura
Yoshiji Ito
Nobutaka Miura
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/201—Work-pieces; preparation of the work-pieces, e.g. lubricating, coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M7/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/022—Ethene
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/14—Synthetic waxes, e.g. polythene waxes
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
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    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
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    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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    • C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/08—Solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated semi-solid; greasy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Definitions

  • wax or metallic soap, etc. have such an excellent lubricative function that when applied on the surface of the metal as the single film, they will make the metal very slidable owing to its small coefficient of statical friction. Accordingly, in case of using such treated sheet metal, there are many problems that when it is stacked it is apt to fall off, or when it is subjected to a continuous blanking resulting from automation of the press work, the accuracy of its size is decreased owing to slipping from the transfer machine, etc.
  • a sheet metal treated by lubricant for press work which comprises a lubrication film having a higher coefficient of statical friction, said film formed by dispersing a hotmelt type lubricant in a resinous layer and coating the resulting solution of the surface of said metal, said lubricant being in a solidified or semi-solidified form at ordinary temperatures and having an excellent lubrication property.
  • the resin covering the lubricant is de stroyed by a strong, external force at the above portion while the hot-melt type lubricant dispersed in the organic film melts by the heat caused by deformation of the metal or facial friction thereof, which exerts a very excellent lubrication effect.
  • the invention is based upon the finding of the difference in lubrication property at the time of press work whereby the lubrication function can be timely exerted where it is particularly required.
  • the lubrication film acts such that the lubrication property is effectively given where it is required while it is restricted or controlled where it is not required very much, which makes it possible to obtain an ideal lubrication function at the time of deformation by press work.
  • the lubricant to be a dispersed phase materials which are in solidified or semisolidified form at ordinary temperatures such as wax, higher fatty acid, metallic salts of higher fatty acids, various hydrocarbons and their derivative, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, ester of higher fatty acid, monopolymer thereof or copolymer of these monomers as the main component mixed with a small amount of other mono mers and so on may be used.
  • the lubricant is in a form of powders having size between about 0.01 and u, said powders can be added portionwise into an aqueous solution with stirring but without heating so that a uniform dispersion layer may be obtained.
  • the resinous layer to be a dispersion medium can be water-soluble or water-dispersible.
  • one method to disperse the hot-melt type lubricant in this aqueous resinous solution is to heat the same to a temperature near the melting point of the lubricant, if the lubricant is in a form of a solid lump at ordinary temperatures, then heat and melt said the lump-like lubricant and add said molten lubricant portionwise into said aqueous solution with stirring by means of a homo-mixer or suitable agitater whereby the dispersion layer having particle size of 10 p. or less can be obtained.
  • the molten lubricant solidifies so rapidly that the dispersed phase shows an irregular suspension of a size between several milimeters and several ten milimeters, which results in troubles in forming a film on the sheet metal.
  • the materials which may form an organic film as the dispersion medium are an water-soluble resin which has higher coefficient of statical friction than that of the lubricant or the dispersed phase and shows difficult slipping, such as polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, amine salt or ammonium salt of copolymer of acrylic acid and acrylic ester, amine salt or ammonium salt of copolymer of methacrylic acid and methacrylic ester, amine salt or ammonium salt of copolymer of acrylic acid and methacrylic ester, amine salt or ammonium salt of copolymer of methacrylic acid and acrylic ester, water-soluble copolymer of polyethyleneiminestyrenemaleic anhydride, styrene-acrylamide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, methylvinylether and so on, water-soluble alkyd resin, water-soluble phenol resin, polyamide resin, water-soluble copolymer of vinyl acetate system, and other water-soluble resin capable of forming
  • the lubricant film can be degreased by an alkaline solution after shaping by press work.
  • the organic film to be a dispersion medium
  • a water-soluble type of polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid are preferable water-soluble resin which can be used in the present invention.
  • the resinous layer to be a dispersion medium can be of water-dispersible nature.
  • such general organic solvents as ketone, ester or hydrocarbon system are not suitable since they tends to swell or dissolve the lubricants and not to disperse the same.
  • water is preferable.
  • Water-soluble alcohols, ethyleneglycol monoalkylethers or diethylene monoglycolethers are also not recommendable for the same reason as above, but they may be used because the degree of unsuitableness is lower than above.
  • the waterdispersible resin to be used should preferably be such that the organic film made therefrom can be removed by an alkaline detergent.
  • the film is usually dispped in a detergent liquid of pH 8 to 13 at 40 to 60C, or it can be sprayed upon the film and it can thus be removed in several minutes.
  • the mechanism of removing the film may be solubilization or may be simple separation without solubilization.
  • the water-dispersible resin having the resin acid value of 30 to 400 and the glass transition temperature of 35C or less is very suitable for this purpose.
  • a predetermined amount of a, B-unsaturated carboxylic acid is used as the monomer to give carboxylic group in the resin, and when the film is removed, the reaction between the carboxylic group and the alkali is utilized.
  • the resin acid value is below 30, the removal of the film does not take place well.
  • a hydrophilic monomer is used as other copolymer component than the acid component in order promote this, it becomes difficult to manufacture the waterdispersible resin in a stabilized manner.
  • the resin acid value is above 400, it becomes difficult to manufacture the water-dispersible resin, which is almost solidified during polymerization. It is thus necessary to make the resin acid value between 30 and 400 from the viewpoint of easy removal of the film and stabilized manufacture of the resin.
  • the waterdispersible resin becomes a body of the film which should include the lubricant under dispersed conditions. When the waterdispersible resin forms the film, it is not consistent with the lubricant becomes fluidized.
  • the softening temperature of the waterdispersible resin must be at least lower than that of the lubricant.
  • the glass transition temperature of the water-dispersible resin can be in the order of C.
  • the glass transition temperature of the water-dispersible resin should be below 35C, and preferably, below 30C.
  • the acid components suitable for producing such water-dispersible resin are a, B-unsaturated carboxylic acid, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, anhydrous maleic acid and the like.
  • the other monomers to be copolymerized therewith are, for example, acrylic esters, methacrylic esters, styrene, vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile and any other afi-unsaturated compounds c0- polymerizable with the above acid components.
  • the resin which can be obtained from these monomers must have the restricted glass transition temperature. Therefore, it is impossible to exclusively use such materials as methyl methacrylate or styrene which will give a hard film.
  • a method to copolymerize 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, etc. may be used.
  • the water-dispersible resin can be obtained by means of emulsion-polymerization method using those monomers. Any known initiator or emulsifier can be used. If necessary, a chain transfer agent may be added.
  • an emulsifier is usually dissolved in water, which is then heated with vigorous agitation.
  • the lubricant in the heated and melted conditions or in the solid form is then gradually added to the above solution for emulsification.
  • the emulsifier the anion system, nonion system, or combination thereof may be used.
  • the amount of the emulsifier used is usually 0.1 to 5 parts per 100 parts of the lubricant.
  • the concentration of the lubricant thus emulsified is preferably about 0.1 to 2.0%.
  • the coating composition according to the present invention includes (1 water, (2) waterdispersible resin and (3) lubricant. It is necessary that the weight ratio of 2 3 )should be in the range of 0.05 to 10, and preferably 0.1 to 6. Above 10, (3) is so small that the lubrication effect can not be exerted well, while below 0.05, slipping often occurs, which makes it difficult to handle the treated sheet metal. This range, however, can not be determined by the exact figures. Even outside the range, preferable results may often been obtained.
  • the treated sheet metal can display an excellent lubrication effect even when the amount coated is very small.
  • the coating from which the solvent has been dried off will give an excellent lubrication effect.
  • the way of applying or coating the material to the sheet metal may be dip coating, roller coating or spray coating, etc.
  • the thickness of the coating or film can be easily controlled by means of control of the concentration of the aqueous solution of the resin.
  • the thickness of the coating should preferably be not more than p. in view of the problem of build-up to the metal mold for press work or the prevention of blocking of the film when the sheet metals are stacked.
  • the mixing ratio of the lubricant at which the difference in the lubrication effect between the die side and the punch side becomes maximum may vary with the decrease of concentration of an aqueous solution of the synthetic resin, but it can be seen within the concentration range within which the 0.1% dispersion medium will be converted.
  • the concentration at which the dispersion medium is converted so as to change the dispersed phase into a continuous layer it becomes substantially same as a single lubricant film so that remarkable promotion of the lubrication property can not be obtained.
  • the concentration at which the dispersion medium is converted so as to change the dispersed phase into a continuous layer it becomes substantially same as a single lubricant film so that remarkable promotion of the lubrication property can not be obtained.
  • below 0.1% it becomes substantially same as the lubrication effect of a single synthetic resin film so that any lubrication effect can not be expected.
  • FIG. 2(B) is a photograph showing the depth of deformation after deep drawing of a sheet metal treated according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2(C) is a photograph showing the depth of deformation after deep drawing of a sheet metal on which a single film of the dispersed phase has been applied.
  • the coefficient of statical friction on the sur face As for the coefficient of statical friction on the sur face, the result of measuring by the sloping angle showed that the single film of lubricant indicated 0.12 while the film of the present invention showed 0.68, causing no troubles about slipping on the surface.
  • EXAMPLE 2 An aqueous solution composed of 20 parts (1:1) of water-soluble polyacrylic ester: water-soluble polymethacrylic ester, 05 parts of emulsifier of alkylarylether type and 98.5 parts of water was heated to 60C, to which was added with stirring 10% by weight of lump-like hot-melt type lubricant (m.p. 61C) under heated and melted conditions composed of 10 parts of calcium sterate, 40 parts of stearic acid and 50 parts of spermaceti. A uniformly dispersed lubricant solution was thus obtained.
  • m.p. 61C lump-like hot-melt type lubricant
  • Emulgen 930 90 gm of water and 0.5 g, of the aforesaid Emulgen 930 were charged into a homo-mixer and allowed to dissolve in it uniformly.
  • the solution was added with 1.0 g of stearyl methacrylate with stirring for 10 minutes, then allowed to cool to form a lubricant solution.
  • 150 g of the resin solution and 50 g of the lubricant solution were charged to a 31 beaker, to which was added 800 g of water to make a coating material.
  • the material thus obtained was allowed to flow over 1.6 mm pickled steel sheet, which was then passed to a ventilation dryer at 30C. After allowed to stand overnight, it was tested with respect to the coating amount, slip-preventing ability. deformability and washability.
  • the test was conducted as follows: The amount of coating was determined as the value expressed by mg/m obtained by dividing the increased weight after coating by the area. After this was measured, the slip-preventing ability and the washability were tested. Deformability was tested by another coated sheet.
  • an anti-rust oil was applied by wiping on two 10 cm steel plates. The two plates were rested upon a slope of 12 with the coated surface facing each other. When a 3 kg load was put on the plates, slipping occurred between the two plates. Under the same conditions, the above composi- 40 mm dia. (flat bottom) 45 mm dia.
  • Example 7 palmitic acid Rubcoat Z-l74 of Nihon Kohsakuyu Kabushiki Kaisha, a lubricant of hot-melt type used in Example 1 and stearic acid were used and formulated just as in Example 7, to give the lubricant solutions a, b and c.
  • Example 7 Using the above composition, the same coated sheets as those of Example 7 were prepared and tested.
  • the resin concentration was 20.8% and the resin acid value was 410.
  • Example 7 a lubricant of hot-melt type of Example 1 and stearic acid were used and formulated as in Example 1 to give the lubricant solutions b and c.
  • the resin, the lubricant solution and water were mixed to give a coating composition below.
  • said lubricant being selected from at least one member of the group consisting of solidified to semisolidified waxes, higher fatty acids, esters of higher fatty acids and metallic salts of higher fatty acids and wherein said lubricant has a particle size between 0.1 mu and 10 mu and wherein the weight ratio of said resin to said lubricant is between 0.05

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
US317142A 1971-12-27 1972-12-21 Sheet metal treated with lubricant for press work Expired - Lifetime US3899625A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3953344A (en) * 1973-08-09 1976-04-27 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Surface treatment composition for metal working
EP0043182A1 (en) * 1980-06-02 1982-01-06 Uss Engineers And Consultants, Inc. Lubricant composition and metal forming process
EP0247903A3 (en) * 1986-05-30 1990-01-10 Alcan International Limited Prelubricated finstock
US5340463A (en) * 1989-07-06 1994-08-23 Cegedur Pechiney Rhenalu Process for obtaining multilayer materials suitable for transformation into hollow bodies by drawing or drawing and ironing
US5671626A (en) * 1995-07-31 1997-09-30 General Motors Corporation Method of drawing a tube
US5857367A (en) * 1995-12-12 1999-01-12 Zexel Corporation Brazing method
US20040249036A1 (en) * 2002-04-01 2004-12-09 Kazuhiko Higai Coating material and surface treated metal plate
US6899770B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2005-05-31 Henkel Corporation Composition and process for treating metal surfaces
US20060097518A1 (en) * 2002-07-25 2006-05-11 Kilian Bott Coating for a press sleeve
US20060233962A1 (en) * 2004-01-08 2006-10-19 Nobuyuki Suganuma Method for applying oil agent to work
WO2010049291A1 (de) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren zum umformen eines flächigen blechzuschnitts sowie zugehöriges hausgerät
CN107206461A (zh) * 2014-09-12 2017-09-26 英黙里斯石墨和碳瑞士有限公司 需要润滑的方法和系统的改进

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5529819B2 (en, 2012) * 1973-12-28 1980-08-06
JPS50151745A (en, 2012) * 1974-05-29 1975-12-05
JPS5170173A (en) * 1974-12-16 1976-06-17 Nippon Steel Corp Junkatsuseino suguretakozai
JPS5920716B2 (ja) * 1974-12-24 1984-05-15 新日本製鐵株式会社 鋼板の冷間圧延潤滑方法
JPS559622Y2 (en, 2012) * 1976-10-12 1980-03-03
JPS5513395Y2 (en, 2012) * 1977-07-18 1980-03-26
JPS63170491A (ja) * 1987-01-07 1988-07-14 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd 熱交換器用Ａｌフイン材の加工法
JPS63170492A (ja) * 1987-01-07 1988-07-14 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd 熱交換器用Ａｌフイン材の加工方法
JP2006143988A (ja) * 2004-10-20 2006-06-08 Yushiro Chem Ind Co Ltd 塑性加工用潤滑被膜、塑性加工用潤滑被膜形成用組成物、塑性加工用素材、塑性加工品の製造方法並びに金属管、金属線又は金属棒の製造方法

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US3258319A (en) * 1962-11-23 1966-06-28 Du Pont Lubricant coated formable metal article
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US3298954A (en) * 1964-03-27 1967-01-17 Standard Oil Co Metal working lubricant
US3501404A (en) * 1969-05-05 1970-03-17 Union Carbide Corp Aqueous lubricants for metal working
US3549037A (en) * 1963-10-10 1970-12-22 Continental Can Co Closure cap
US3568486A (en) * 1969-01-31 1971-03-09 Montgomery H A Co Preparation of metal for deforming operations

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US3287264A (en) * 1958-11-28 1966-11-22 Ici Ltd Coating compositions
US3258319A (en) * 1962-11-23 1966-06-28 Du Pont Lubricant coated formable metal article
US3549037A (en) * 1963-10-10 1970-12-22 Continental Can Co Closure cap
US3298954A (en) * 1964-03-27 1967-01-17 Standard Oil Co Metal working lubricant
US3568486A (en) * 1969-01-31 1971-03-09 Montgomery H A Co Preparation of metal for deforming operations
US3501404A (en) * 1969-05-05 1970-03-17 Union Carbide Corp Aqueous lubricants for metal working

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3953344A (en) * 1973-08-09 1976-04-27 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Surface treatment composition for metal working
EP0043182A1 (en) * 1980-06-02 1982-01-06 Uss Engineers And Consultants, Inc. Lubricant composition and metal forming process
EP0247903A3 (en) * 1986-05-30 1990-01-10 Alcan International Limited Prelubricated finstock
US5340463A (en) * 1989-07-06 1994-08-23 Cegedur Pechiney Rhenalu Process for obtaining multilayer materials suitable for transformation into hollow bodies by drawing or drawing and ironing
US5671626A (en) * 1995-07-31 1997-09-30 General Motors Corporation Method of drawing a tube
US5857367A (en) * 1995-12-12 1999-01-12 Zexel Corporation Brazing method
US6899770B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2005-05-31 Henkel Corporation Composition and process for treating metal surfaces
US20040249036A1 (en) * 2002-04-01 2004-12-09 Kazuhiko Higai Coating material and surface treated metal plate
US20060097518A1 (en) * 2002-07-25 2006-05-11 Kilian Bott Coating for a press sleeve
US20060233962A1 (en) * 2004-01-08 2006-10-19 Nobuyuki Suganuma Method for applying oil agent to work
US7575782B2 (en) * 2004-01-08 2009-08-18 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Method for depositing oil agent on workpiece
WO2010049291A1 (de) * 2008-10-31 2010-05-06 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren zum umformen eines flächigen blechzuschnitts sowie zugehöriges hausgerät
CN107206461A (zh) * 2014-09-12 2017-09-26 英黙里斯石墨和碳瑞士有限公司 需要润滑的方法和系统的改进
US20170297232A1 (en) * 2014-09-12 2017-10-19 Thomas L. Sidler Improvements in methods and systems requiring lubrication
US10357900B2 (en) * 2014-09-12 2019-07-23 Imerys Graphite & Carbon Switzerland Sa Methods and systems requiring lubrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR7209156D0 (pt) 1973-09-18
JPS5222948B2 (en, 2012) 1977-06-21
JPS4870658A (en, 2012) 1973-09-25

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