US3896343A - Heat-operated short-circuiting arrangements - Google Patents

Heat-operated short-circuiting arrangements Download PDF

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Publication number
US3896343A
US3896343A US453325A US45332574A US3896343A US 3896343 A US3896343 A US 3896343A US 453325 A US453325 A US 453325A US 45332574 A US45332574 A US 45332574A US 3896343 A US3896343 A US 3896343A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
enclosure
arrangement
terminals
arrangement according
pair
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US453325A
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English (en)
Inventor
Basil Offor Baker
John William Ellis Ross
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DUBILIER INTERNATIONAL PLC DUBILIER HOUSE RADLEY RD ABINGDON OXFORDSHIRE OX14 3XA ENGLAND A BRITISH Co
McGraw Edison Co
Original Assignee
MO Valve Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MO Valve Co Ltd filed Critical MO Valve Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3896343A publication Critical patent/US3896343A/en
Assigned to MCGRAW-EDISON COMPANY reassignment MCGRAW-EDISON COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: DUBIIER INTERNATIONAL PLC
Assigned to DUBILIER INTERNATIONAL PLC, DUBILIER HOUSE, RADLEY RD., ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE OX14 3XA, ENGLAND A BRITISH COMPANY reassignment DUBILIER INTERNATIONAL PLC, DUBILIER HOUSE, RADLEY RD., ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE OX14 3XA, ENGLAND A BRITISH COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: M-O VALVE COMPANY LIMITED, THE
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/767—Normally open
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/70—Insulation of connections
    • H01R4/72—Insulation of connections using a heat shrinking insulating sleeve
    • H01R4/723—Making a soldered electrical connection simultaneously with the heat shrinking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H2037/768—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material characterised by the composition of the fusible material

Definitions

  • a heat-operated short-circuiting arrangement comprising an enclosure formed at least partly of a heatshrinkable material; a pair of terminals for external connection of the arrangement which provide spaced surfaces within the enclosure; and at least one element of a fusible, electrically conductive material housed within the enclosure; the arrangement being such that the fusible element or elements melt on heating of the arrangement and the resultant molten material is caused to flow due'to shrinking of the heat shrinkable material to a position where the molten material establishes electrical connection between said spaced surfaces of the terminals.
  • the arrangement finds application in combination with an electrical device for short-circuiting a pair of terminals of the device in the event of overheating of the device.
  • a heat-operated short-circuiting arrangement comprises: an enclosure formed at least partly of a heat-shrinkable material; a pair of terminals for external connection of the arrangement which provide spaced surfaces within the enclosure; and atleast one element of a fusible, electrically conductive material housed within the enclosure; the arrangement being such that the fusible element or elements melt on heating of the arrangement and the resultant molten material is caused to flow due to shrinking of the heat shrinkable material to a position where the molten material establishes electrical connection between said spaced surfaces of the terminals.
  • An arrangement in accordance with the invention finds application in combination with an electrical device for effecting short-circuiting of a pair of terminals of the electrical device, in the event of overheating of the device.
  • said enclosure is suitably formed partly by said device itself, and said pair of terminals of the short-circuiting arrangement are suitably constituted by said pair of terminals of the electrical device.
  • said enclosure is of annular form and encloses at least part of each of said annular surfaces.
  • Such an arrangement suitably includes two said fusible elements which before melting are of annular form and are located by means of a spacer of electrically insulating material in positions respectively surrounding said enclosed parts of said annular surfaces.
  • the arrester includes a hermetically sealed hollow, cylindrical, gas-filled enclosure comprising two cup-shaped metal end caps 1 and 2, a tubular metal central member 3 and two tubular ceramic members 4 and 5.
  • the ceramic members 4 and 5 are sealed at one end into the end caps 1 and 2, and at the other end into opposite ends of the central member 3 of the enclosure.
  • Electrodes 6 and 7 Within the enclosure are housed a pair of axially spaced electrodes 6 and 7, the electrodes being brazed at one end to the end caps 1 and 2 respectively and extending towards each other through the ceramic members 4 and 5 respectively so that the gap between the electrodes lies within the central member 3.
  • Each electrode has an axial bore 8 or 9, the bore 8 in the electrode 6 communicating with a pumping stem 10 extending through the associated end cap 1.
  • the pumping stem 10 is pinched-off in conventional manner during manufacture after the required gas-filling has been inserted in the enclosure.
  • the bore 9 in the other electrode 7 is closed-off by the end cap 2.
  • the heat generated by the discharge may be sufficient to cause the arrester to fail, for example, by burning a hole in the metal member 3 and allowing gas leakage to occur. When this occurs the lines connected to the end caps 1 and 2 are left without protection against excess voltage, and it will not be apparent to a user that the arrester has failed.
  • the arrester is provided with two heat-operated short-circuiting arrangements 11 and 12.
  • the arrangements 11 and 12 respectively short-circuit the end caps l and 2 to the metal enclosure member 3, thus grounding the lines to which the arrester is connected.
  • the short circuiting arrangement 11 comprises two identical annular members 13 of an electrically conductive fusible material having a low melting point, for example, an alloy of tin and lead in the proportion 3:2 by weight.
  • the members 13 are of rectangular crosssection with a portion of reduced external diameter at one end to provide shoulders 14.
  • the members 13 fit loosely around the enclosure of the arrester with the shoulders 14 facing one another, one of the members 13 surrounding the end of the end cap 1 sealed to ceramic member 4, and the other member 13 surrounding the end of the metal member 3 sealed to ceramic member 4.
  • the two members 13 are located with respect to one another by an insulating tubular spacer 15 whose ends engage the shoulders 14.
  • the shortcircuiting arrangement 11 is completed by a sleeve 16 consisting of a heat shrinkable material, for example, Kynar (Registered Trade Mark) supplied by Raychem Limited.
  • the sleeve 16 is first formed to a diameter slightly greater than the members 13 and spacer 15, and placed around the members 13 and the spacer 15. The sleeve is then shrunk by heating to a temperature below the melting point of the members 13 until the ends of the sleeve 16 grip the body of the arrester tightly.
  • the sleeve 16 and the adjacent part of the arrester form an enclosure housing the members 13, the spacer 15, and the adjacent ends of the end cap 1 and the metal enclosure member 3.
  • the short-circuiting arrangement 12 is identical with the arrangement 11, except that it surrounds the adjacent ends of end cap 2 and metal member 3.
  • the members 13 melt. Due to further shrinking of the sleeve 16 the molten material is forced along the space 17 between the spacer 15 and the ceramic member 4, thereby establishing electrical connection between the end cap 1 and the grounded metal member 3.
  • the short-circuiting arrangement 12 similarly connects the end cap 2 to the metal member 3.
  • a heat-operated short circuiting arrangement comprising: an enclosure formed at least partly of a heat-shrinkable material; a pair of terminals for external connection of the arrangement which provide spaced surfaces within the enclosure; at least one element of a fusible, electrically conductive material housed within the enclosure; and means providing a space within said enclosure between said spaced surfaces -through which, on heating of the arrangement, molten material, produced by melting of said fusible material is caused to flow due to shrinking of said heat shrinkable material to establish electrical connection between said spaced surfaces.
  • said fusible material is an alloy of tin and lead.
  • An arrangement according to claim 1 in combination with an electrical device having a pair of terminals; electrical connections between said pair of terminals of the device and said pair of terminals of the short circuiting arrangement; and a thermal connection between said enclosure and said electrical device so that said pair of terminals of the device are short circuited in the event of overheating of the device.
  • An arrangement according to claim 6 including two said fusible elements which before melting are of annular form and are located by means of a spacer of electrically insulating material in positions respectively surrounding said enclosed parts of said annular surfaces.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
US453325A 1973-03-23 1974-03-21 Heat-operated short-circuiting arrangements Expired - Lifetime US3896343A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1413773A GB1410836A (en) 1973-03-23 1973-03-23 Heat-operated short-circuiting arrangements

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3896343A true US3896343A (en) 1975-07-22

Family

ID=10035676

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US453325A Expired - Lifetime US3896343A (en) 1973-03-23 1974-03-21 Heat-operated short-circuiting arrangements

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3896343A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2413571A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2222744B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1410836A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4062054A (en) * 1976-08-31 1977-12-06 Tii Corporation Multi-function fail-safe arrangements for overvoltage gas tubes
US4063127A (en) * 1976-06-21 1977-12-13 International Standard Electric Corporation Overload protection tube
US4188561A (en) * 1977-01-14 1980-02-12 Joslyn Mfg. And Supply Co. Station protector spark gap applique
US4212047A (en) * 1976-08-31 1980-07-08 Tii Corporation Fail-safe/surge arrester systems
EP0026861A1 (de) * 1979-10-03 1981-04-15 Cerberus Ag Anordnung zum Überspannungsschutz
US4275432A (en) * 1978-02-16 1981-06-23 Tii Corporation Thermal switch short circuiting device for arrester systems
US4319300A (en) * 1979-11-13 1982-03-09 Tii Industries, Inc. Surge arrester assembly
US4707762A (en) * 1986-05-13 1987-11-17 Nerses Nick Yapoujian Surge protection device for gas tube
EP0423368A4 (en) * 1989-04-24 1992-09-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electronic part with safe-guard function
US5423694A (en) * 1993-04-12 1995-06-13 Raychem Corporation Telecommunications terminal block
US5557250A (en) * 1991-10-11 1996-09-17 Raychem Corporation Telecommunications terminal block
US5742223A (en) * 1995-12-07 1998-04-21 Raychem Corporation Laminar non-linear device with magnetically aligned particles
US5781394A (en) * 1997-03-10 1998-07-14 Fiskars Inc. Surge suppressing device

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4056840A (en) * 1976-05-12 1977-11-01 Reliable Electric Company Line protector for communications circuit
DE3601307A1 (de) * 1986-01-17 1987-07-23 Siemens Ag Sicherungssystem gegen uebertemperaturen von stromfuehrenden elektrischen leitern
GB8603677D0 (en) * 1986-02-14 1986-03-19 M O Valve Co Ltd Fail safe surge arrester
DE3734214A1 (de) * 1987-10-09 1989-04-20 Dehn & Soehne Anordnung zur abschaltung eines varistors
DE4118738C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-24 Krone Ag, 1000 Berlin, De
DE4124321C2 (de) * 1991-07-23 2003-10-09 Dehn & Soehne Anordnung zur Ableitung von Überspannungen
FR3099286B1 (fr) * 2019-07-24 2021-10-01 Safran Aircraft Engines Interrupteur thermique pour un circuit electrique d’un aeronef ou moteur d’aeronef

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289027A (en) * 1964-01-07 1966-11-29 Assocated Electrical Ind Ltd Gas filled excess voltage protector having electrodes of non-uniform diameter
US3564473A (en) * 1967-11-21 1971-02-16 Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co Surge protector
US3710191A (en) * 1970-12-08 1973-01-09 Siemens Ag Overvoltage arrester with several electrodes

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE635318A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1962-07-23
FR1469017A (fr) * 1965-12-03 1967-02-10 Ind D Soule Ets Parasurtension
US3522570A (en) * 1968-04-08 1970-08-04 Ajr Electronics Corp Fail-safe over-voltage protector

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289027A (en) * 1964-01-07 1966-11-29 Assocated Electrical Ind Ltd Gas filled excess voltage protector having electrodes of non-uniform diameter
US3564473A (en) * 1967-11-21 1971-02-16 Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co Surge protector
US3710191A (en) * 1970-12-08 1973-01-09 Siemens Ag Overvoltage arrester with several electrodes

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4063127A (en) * 1976-06-21 1977-12-13 International Standard Electric Corporation Overload protection tube
US4062054A (en) * 1976-08-31 1977-12-06 Tii Corporation Multi-function fail-safe arrangements for overvoltage gas tubes
US4212047A (en) * 1976-08-31 1980-07-08 Tii Corporation Fail-safe/surge arrester systems
US4188561A (en) * 1977-01-14 1980-02-12 Joslyn Mfg. And Supply Co. Station protector spark gap applique
US4275432A (en) * 1978-02-16 1981-06-23 Tii Corporation Thermal switch short circuiting device for arrester systems
EP0026861A1 (de) * 1979-10-03 1981-04-15 Cerberus Ag Anordnung zum Überspannungsschutz
US4319300A (en) * 1979-11-13 1982-03-09 Tii Industries, Inc. Surge arrester assembly
US4707762A (en) * 1986-05-13 1987-11-17 Nerses Nick Yapoujian Surge protection device for gas tube
EP0423368A4 (en) * 1989-04-24 1992-09-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electronic part with safe-guard function
US5241445A (en) * 1989-04-24 1993-08-31 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Electronic part having safeguard function
US5557250A (en) * 1991-10-11 1996-09-17 Raychem Corporation Telecommunications terminal block
US5423694A (en) * 1993-04-12 1995-06-13 Raychem Corporation Telecommunications terminal block
US5588869A (en) * 1993-04-12 1996-12-31 Raychem Corporation Telecommunications terminal block
US5742223A (en) * 1995-12-07 1998-04-21 Raychem Corporation Laminar non-linear device with magnetically aligned particles
US5781394A (en) * 1997-03-10 1998-07-14 Fiskars Inc. Surge suppressing device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2413571A1 (de) 1974-10-03
FR2222744A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-18
FR2222744B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-07-28
GB1410836A (en) 1975-10-22

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: MCGRAW-EDISON COMPANY, ELLISVILLE, MISSOURI, A CO.

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:DUBIIER INTERNATIONAL PLC;REEL/FRAME:004871/0763

Effective date: 19880405

Owner name: MCGRAW-EDISON COMPANY,MISSOURI

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:DUBIIER INTERNATIONAL PLC;REEL/FRAME:004871/0763

Effective date: 19880405

AS Assignment

Owner name: DUBILIER INTERNATIONAL PLC, DUBILIER HOUSE, RADLEY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:M-O VALVE COMPANY LIMITED, THE;REEL/FRAME:004938/0995

Effective date: 19880307