US3895488A - Gas turbine - Google Patents

Gas turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3895488A
US3895488A US432422A US43242274A US3895488A US 3895488 A US3895488 A US 3895488A US 432422 A US432422 A US 432422A US 43242274 A US43242274 A US 43242274A US 3895488 A US3895488 A US 3895488A
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United States
Prior art keywords
exhaust gases
heat exchange
gas
turbine
gas converter
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US432422A
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English (en)
Inventor
Christian Koch
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Publication of US3895488A publication Critical patent/US3895488A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products

Definitions

  • heat exchange mechanisms are positioned about and betweenthe reaction chambers in the gas converter. Part of the exhaust gases are routed through these facilitatingthe gas conversionprocess. Further, mixing means arei'provided wherein the preheated air cooperates with the'exhaust gases to reduce the heat of the iatter befor e theypa ss via thefturbine's decompression unit 'into the environment. Anaiternate improvementcails for the placement of a water vaporizer in the path of the'exhaust gases. Water suppiied thereto is vaporized and the'nsuppiied to the gas converter for reaction with the fuel in a known way.
  • lt is'another object of this invention to provide an improved gas turbine which is supplied fuel gases from the gas convertertherebyachieving complete and uniform combustion.
  • an improved gas turbine which employs as its fuel the'reformed gas product of a gasconverter.
  • The-compressed air required for combustion is preheated in a suitably arranged heat exthese gas converters.
  • the fuel containing liquid hydro-fl f carbons is first evaporated, .vaporizedor atomizedQand the gaseous or vaporousfuel thus obtained isconducted over a catalyst for conversion into agas mixchange by the exhaust gases.
  • the liquid fuel which is processed and converted to the reformed gas by the gas converter is also preheated and vaporized by the heat fof the "exhaust gases in a'suitable exchanger.
  • This latter mixture so-called reformed-gas, con-' tains carbon monoxide. carbon dioxide, methane andg /or hydrogen.
  • the conversion of the fuel into the fireformed gas can be made relatively soot free by feeding back a portion of the exhaust gas from the combustion. chamber of the enginefed with the reformed gas and mixing this exhaust gas with an oxygen-carrying gas such as air and passing this mixture together with the fuel through the converter.
  • the gas converter employs perforated, sintered Dueto the combination of exhaust gas heat utilizathe conversion of the vaporized liquid fuel into the reformedgas by the gas converter. is facilitated by the lprovision of heat exchangers surrounding'and interposed between the reaction chambers of the converter.
  • a gas turbine usually consists of a compressor forthe air required for combustion, a combustion chamber and a decompression turbine.
  • the amount of air required for the combustion process in the gas turbine, including the excess air required for maintaining the maximum combustion temperature. is provided by the compressor.
  • a gas turbine operated with such reformed gases and compressed air can be run at considerably high combustion chamber temperatures than the conventional gas turbines. Therefore, the temperature of the exhaust gases entering the decompression turbine from the overallefficiency of more than 40 percent can be achieved. Mixing means are also provided for'eooling I the exhaust gases resulting in a temperature compatible with the decompression turbine design.
  • a steam generator is placed in' the path of the exhaust'gases exiting from the decompression turbine; Water is converted to water vapor. which is in turn supplied to-:the gas converterwhere it reacts with the preheated fuel instead of the exhaustfgases to achieve conversionof the vaporized fuel to these-called reformed gas.
  • FIG. 1' is a schematic representation of the subject invention DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED I EMBODIMENT combustion and routes that compressed air to the remainder of the system through line 8.
  • the compressor and decompression turbine 4 are shown connectedtogether by line 31, which represents the common shaft upon which both would rotate in a standard turbine de-,
  • heat exchanger 6 is heated by its passage therethrough'] in a manner soon to be described. it exitsthe exchanger 6 via duct 32at which point it splits, aportion thereof being supplied to a mixing'chamber 7 and yet another portion thereof being supplied along line8'to combustion chamber 3. h e a The liquid fuelis supplied to heat exchanger via duct 33. The fuel is vaporized in the heat exchanger nisms within the gas converter itself. Such mechanisms are represented by reference numerals 14, 15, 16 17 and 18. Although it need not be, gas converter 2 is preferably of the multi-stage design with a plurality of reac* tion chambers such as 19, and 21.
  • Heatexchange mechanisms l4, l5 and 16 surround the reaction chambers 19, 20 and 21 while exchangers 17 and 18 are interposed between 19 and 20, and 20 and 2], respectively;
  • the part of the exhaust gases that go through the heat exchangers l4, 15, 16, 17 and 18 gives off heat energy to the gas mixture flowing through the converter.
  • Mixing chamber 7, as noted earlier, is also supplied by the compressed air exiting from heat exchanger 6. Although preheated, this air is less than the temperature of the exhaust gases in line 23. Within mixing chamber 7, the compressed air exiting from heat exchanger 6 extracts some of the heat from the exhaust gases in line 23. The exhaust gases, reduced in temperature, are supplied to the decompression turbine 4 via line 11.
  • the decompression turbine directs the exhaust gases, exiting therefrom by line 12 through the heat exchange devices 6 and 5. As they passthrough the exchangers, the exhaust gases preheat both the air andthe liquid fuel prior to their use in the remainder or balance ofthe system.
  • a steam generator 24, shown in phantom may be inserted in the path of the exhaust gases emanating from the decompression turbine. Water is supplied thereto by line 39. The heat of the exhaust gases converts the water to steam, which is then routed to the gas converter 2 through line 25. in this arrangement the exhaust ga's fed to the converter 2 is completely or par- .tially replaced (through suitable valving, not shown) by the steam, which thereafter reacts with the fuel in a well-known conversion process.
  • a second heat exchange means positioned in the path" of the exhaust gases emanating from said decompression turbine, said second heat exchange means adapted to receive said liquid fuel, said liquid fuel being vaporized by the heat of the exhaust gases passing through said second heat exchange means;
  • e.a gas converter comprising:
  • the improved gas turbine of claim 1 further comprising:
  • the improved gas turbine of claim 2 further comprising:
  • a. means for vaporizing water positioned in the path plurality of reaction chambers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
US432422A 1973-01-25 1974-01-10 Gas turbine Expired - Lifetime US3895488A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19732303586 DE2303586B2 (de) 1973-01-25 1973-01-25 Gasturbinenanlage mit vollstaendiger kontinuierlicher verbrennung des ihr zugefuehrten brennstoffs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3895488A true US3895488A (en) 1975-07-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US432422A Expired - Lifetime US3895488A (en) 1973-01-25 1974-01-10 Gas turbine

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3895488A (fr)
JP (1) JPS49104015A (fr)
DE (1) DE2303586B2 (fr)
FR (1) FR2215536B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1442367A (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4932204A (en) * 1989-04-03 1990-06-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Efficiency combined cycle power plant
US5048284A (en) * 1986-05-27 1991-09-17 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Method of operating gas turbines with reformed fuel
US5133180A (en) * 1989-04-18 1992-07-28 General Electric Company Chemically recuperated gas turbine
US5431007A (en) * 1994-03-04 1995-07-11 Westinghouse Elec Corp Thermochemically recuperated and steam cooled gas turbine system
US5595059A (en) * 1995-03-02 1997-01-21 Westingthouse Electric Corporation Combined cycle power plant with thermochemical recuperation and flue gas recirculation
US5685156A (en) * 1996-05-20 1997-11-11 Capstone Turbine Corporation Catalytic combustion system
US5704206A (en) * 1994-05-24 1998-01-06 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Coal burner combined power plant having a fuel reformer located within the coal furnace
US5873236A (en) * 1995-01-09 1999-02-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Fuel reforming apparatus and electric power generating system having the same
US6178738B1 (en) * 1997-12-17 2001-01-30 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Method of operating a gas-turbine group by directing a fuel/water mixture to the combustion chamber
US6199363B1 (en) * 1997-12-18 2001-03-13 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Method for operating a gas turbogenerator set
US6242819B1 (en) * 1997-06-10 2001-06-05 AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT KüHNLE, KOPP & KAUSCH Gas expansion turbine for low power output
US6453658B1 (en) 2000-02-24 2002-09-24 Capstone Turbine Corporation Multi-stage multi-plane combustion system for a gas turbine engine
US8858223B1 (en) * 2009-09-22 2014-10-14 Proe Power Systems, Llc Glycerin fueled afterburning engine

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1116415A (fr) * 1978-01-03 1982-01-19 William W. Hoehing Methode et dispositif d'exploitation d'une turbine a gaz avec un combustible liquide atomise
GB2216191B (en) * 1988-03-31 1992-08-12 Aisin Seiki Gas turbine cogeneration apparatus for the production of domestic heat and power
DE68914051T2 (de) * 1988-04-05 1994-07-21 Ici Plc Gasturbine.
DE102011109948A1 (de) * 2011-08-10 2013-02-14 h s beratung GmbH & Co. KG Gasturbine

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2401285A (en) * 1945-06-13 1946-05-28 Hiram W Woodward Gas turbine system
US2650190A (en) * 1949-06-21 1953-08-25 Steinschlaeger Michael Carbonization of peat with the utilization of excess heat to produce surplus power
US2735265A (en) * 1956-02-21 Bois eastman
US2777288A (en) * 1952-04-02 1957-01-15 Glinka Carl Process and apparatus for the generation of mechanical energy from solid fuels having a high water content
US3020715A (en) * 1957-05-08 1962-02-13 Alfred M Thomsen Method of improving the thermal efficiency of a gas producer-gas turbine assembly
US3248453A (en) * 1960-05-18 1966-04-26 Synthese Et D Oxydation Synoxy Process and apparatus for oxidizing hydrocarbons
US3738103A (en) * 1969-09-01 1973-06-12 Metallgesellschaft Ag Power plant process

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2735265A (en) * 1956-02-21 Bois eastman
US2401285A (en) * 1945-06-13 1946-05-28 Hiram W Woodward Gas turbine system
US2650190A (en) * 1949-06-21 1953-08-25 Steinschlaeger Michael Carbonization of peat with the utilization of excess heat to produce surplus power
US2777288A (en) * 1952-04-02 1957-01-15 Glinka Carl Process and apparatus for the generation of mechanical energy from solid fuels having a high water content
US3020715A (en) * 1957-05-08 1962-02-13 Alfred M Thomsen Method of improving the thermal efficiency of a gas producer-gas turbine assembly
US3248453A (en) * 1960-05-18 1966-04-26 Synthese Et D Oxydation Synoxy Process and apparatus for oxidizing hydrocarbons
US3738103A (en) * 1969-09-01 1973-06-12 Metallgesellschaft Ag Power plant process

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5048284A (en) * 1986-05-27 1991-09-17 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Method of operating gas turbines with reformed fuel
US4932204A (en) * 1989-04-03 1990-06-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Efficiency combined cycle power plant
US5133180A (en) * 1989-04-18 1992-07-28 General Electric Company Chemically recuperated gas turbine
US5431007A (en) * 1994-03-04 1995-07-11 Westinghouse Elec Corp Thermochemically recuperated and steam cooled gas turbine system
US5704206A (en) * 1994-05-24 1998-01-06 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Coal burner combined power plant having a fuel reformer located within the coal furnace
US5873236A (en) * 1995-01-09 1999-02-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Fuel reforming apparatus and electric power generating system having the same
US5595059A (en) * 1995-03-02 1997-01-21 Westingthouse Electric Corporation Combined cycle power plant with thermochemical recuperation and flue gas recirculation
US5685156A (en) * 1996-05-20 1997-11-11 Capstone Turbine Corporation Catalytic combustion system
US6242819B1 (en) * 1997-06-10 2001-06-05 AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT KüHNLE, KOPP & KAUSCH Gas expansion turbine for low power output
US6178738B1 (en) * 1997-12-17 2001-01-30 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Method of operating a gas-turbine group by directing a fuel/water mixture to the combustion chamber
US6199363B1 (en) * 1997-12-18 2001-03-13 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Method for operating a gas turbogenerator set
US6453658B1 (en) 2000-02-24 2002-09-24 Capstone Turbine Corporation Multi-stage multi-plane combustion system for a gas turbine engine
US6684642B2 (en) 2000-02-24 2004-02-03 Capstone Turbine Corporation Gas turbine engine having a multi-stage multi-plane combustion system
US8858223B1 (en) * 2009-09-22 2014-10-14 Proe Power Systems, Llc Glycerin fueled afterburning engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2215536B1 (fr) 1980-06-27
DE2303586A1 (de) 1974-09-05
FR2215536A1 (fr) 1974-08-23
GB1442367A (en) 1976-07-14
JPS49104015A (fr) 1974-10-02
DE2303586B2 (de) 1976-10-21

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