US3895451A - Breakable leg - Google Patents

Breakable leg Download PDF

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Publication number
US3895451A
US3895451A US404330A US40433073A US3895451A US 3895451 A US3895451 A US 3895451A US 404330 A US404330 A US 404330A US 40433073 A US40433073 A US 40433073A US 3895451 A US3895451 A US 3895451A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
hinge
limb
structural members
foam
leg
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US404330A
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English (en)
Inventor
Joseph G Smrcka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALDERSON RESEARCH LAB Inc
ALDERSON RESEARCH LABORATORIES Inc
Original Assignee
ALDERSON RESEARCH LAB Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR6930281A priority Critical patent/FR2018158A1/fr
Application filed by ALDERSON RESEARCH LAB Inc filed Critical ALDERSON RESEARCH LAB Inc
Priority to US404330A priority patent/US3895451A/en
Priority to NO742029A priority patent/NO742029L/no
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3895451A publication Critical patent/US3895451A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • G09B23/30—Anatomical models
    • G09B23/32—Anatomical models with moving parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H3/00—Dolls
    • A63H3/003—Dolls specially adapted for a particular function not connected with dolls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/14—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes forming integral skin on a foamed product

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A leg for a medical training dummy comprising a meping the hinge with a relatively soft foam prior to cast-
  • the hinge includes detents for holding the leg in either its broken or unbroken state.
  • the problem of complexity can be partially overcome by use of a relatively new integral skin flexible foam for the simulated flesh.
  • These foams have a tough urethane polymer skin with a medium to low density foam core obtained from a single pouring operation.
  • the metal mold provides the heat sink required for skin formation.
  • FLEXIPOL FSF-l06 is available from Flexible Products Company, Marietta, Georgia.
  • problems arise because of the formation of the tough urethane skin on the metal surface of the hinge.
  • Another object is to provide such a limb which also utilizes an integral skin foam.
  • a limb for a training dummy which comprises first and second structural members simulating a bone in the limb.
  • the structural members are joined by a hinge located at a point removed from a normal joint location.
  • Simulated flesh envelops the structural members and has exterior contours resembling a human limb.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevation of the lower portion of a training dummy with a portion broken away to illustrate the internal construction
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the device of FIG. 1 with a portion broken away to illustrate the internal construction
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross section taken substantially along the lines 33 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing the leg in its broken position
  • FIG. 5 is a cross section taken substantially along the line 55 of FIG. 3.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is illustrated the lower portion of a training dummy incorporating the present invention.
  • a basic metal framework forms the skeletal portion and is covered with an integral skin foam 12 forming both flesh and skin.
  • the framework 10 includes an upright attachment post 14 which may be secured to a mating torso, a transverse hip member 16 which may be welded thereto,
  • the upper leg member 18 may be connected to the hip member16-by means of rubber bands and the upper and lower leg members may be connected together at the knee by means of masking tape 22. No more permanent construction is required because it is only necessary to hold the members together while in the mold. After molding, the flesh itself serves to support them.
  • the lower left leg member 24 is similar to that of the right but the upper leg bone differs in order to simulate a break. It includes a flat bar upper member 26 and a flat bar lower member 28. These members are connected together by means of a hinge H which is illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 3-5. It comprises a hinge pin formed from a bolt 30 and nut 32. Compressively held between the head of bolt 30 and the member 26 is a rubber spring 34. Drilled into the member 26 is a pair of holes 36, 38 equally spaced on opposite sides of the bolt 30. Into each hole is inserted a ball bearing 40, 42 which is large enough to protrude slightly above the inner surface of the upper member 26. Each ball is retained in its respective hole by means of a peen 44, 46.
  • the lower member 28 is drilled so as to define a pair of conical depressions 48, 50 which normally receive the protruding surfaces of the respective balls, as illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • This construction serves as a latch or detent mechanism for normally retaining the leg in its straight position as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the rubber spring 34 compresses, permitting the member 28 with its depressions 48, 50 to be moved out of engagement with the balls.
  • the balls When moved to the position illustrated in FIG. 4, the balls are positioned against the edges of the lower member 28 and retain it in such position against the normal resilience of the foam 12.
  • the foam 12 is molded with a slot 52 adjacent the hinge which opens as illustrated in FIG. 4 to overcome any impediment to the hinge action by the tough urethane skin.
  • the integral skin foam would also tend to form a skin against the surface of the hinge. This is prevented in the present invention by wrapping the hinge prior to molding with a softer encasing foam 54. This may also be a urethane foam but preferably one of lighter density. It may be held in place by rubber bands 56, or any other suitable means for retaining it in position during the molding process.
  • the present invention provides a breakable limb for a training dummy and that the break is detented so that the limb remains in either the straight or broken position against the natural resiliency of the foam. Furthermore this construction is achieved utilizing an integral skin foam with its advantage of simpler construction and reduced number of parts.
  • a limb for a training dummy which comprises: first and second structural members simulating a bone in said limb; a hinge joining said structural members at a location where a joint normally does not exist; a nonskinning foam wrapped around said hinge; and integral skin foam simulated flesh enveloping said structural members, hinge, and non-skinning foam and having exterior contours resembling a human limb.
  • hinge comprises means for holding said hinge in a broken position and in an unbroken position.
  • said detent comprises: a ball in said first structural member; and a recess defined by said second structural member positioned to receive said ball when said hinge is in an unbroken position.
  • hinge includes means for resiliently retaining said first and second structural members in hinged relationship.
  • hinge comprises: a hinge pin passing through said first and second structural members; and a resilient member compressively held against one of said structural members by said hinge pin.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
US404330A 1968-09-16 1973-10-09 Breakable leg Expired - Lifetime US3895451A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6930281A FR2018158A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1968-09-16 1969-09-05
US404330A US3895451A (en) 1968-09-16 1973-10-09 Breakable leg
NO742029A NO742029L (enrdf_load_html_response) 1973-10-09 1974-06-05

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US75995868A 1968-09-16 1968-09-16
US404330A US3895451A (en) 1968-09-16 1973-10-09 Breakable leg

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3895451A true US3895451A (en) 1975-07-22

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US404330A Expired - Lifetime US3895451A (en) 1968-09-16 1973-10-09 Breakable leg

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US (1) US3895451A (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2018158A1 (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4000564A (en) * 1976-01-07 1977-01-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Transportation Programmable anthropomorphic articulation
US4106219A (en) * 1975-12-05 1978-08-15 Synthes Ag Chur Plastic bone used for training purposes by surgeons
US4350490A (en) * 1979-10-04 1982-09-21 Sandegard Jan D Device for use when training the appropriate handling of a dislocated injury on a part of a body
US4451416A (en) * 1980-08-13 1984-05-29 Zurcher Kantonalbank Method of producing a composite foamed resin torso and head section of a human summary for medical training purposes
US4605373A (en) * 1985-01-10 1986-08-12 Rosen Bernard A Training device for setting broken limbs
WO1986004711A1 (en) * 1985-02-11 1986-08-14 Procare Ab Device for teaching treatment of skeleton injuries
WO1987006487A1 (en) * 1986-05-02 1987-11-05 Vladimir Sirota Toy
US4850877A (en) * 1987-01-20 1989-07-25 Donjoy, Inc. Method of determining stress effects in components of the human knee and anthropomorphic leg device therefor
US5468172A (en) * 1991-08-07 1995-11-21 Basile; Pauline R. Doll including recorded message means
US6468087B2 (en) * 2000-01-31 2002-10-22 D. Barclay Slocum Trust Agreement Apparatus for demonstrating a skeletal surgical technique
US20040002279A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-01-01 Wittenberg Mark S. Flexible dolls and posable action figures
US20040198163A1 (en) * 2002-11-12 2004-10-07 Wai Fuk Chai Alvin Frictional joint for toys
EP1619644A4 (en) * 2003-03-26 2006-06-14 Nat Inst Of Advanced Ind Scien MODEL DOLL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
US7077717B2 (en) 2003-05-27 2006-07-18 Mattel, Inc. Doll with angled and jointed torso
US20070012105A1 (en) * 2005-07-13 2007-01-18 Barnes-Jewish Hospital Method and apparatus for resistive characteristic assessment
US20090305215A1 (en) * 2005-04-07 2009-12-10 Wilkins Jason D Orthopedic procedures training simulator
WO2014146136A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 David Daniels Systems and methods for martial arts training devices with anatomically accurate force, pressure and other response
EP2863202A1 (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-22 Fundación para la Promoción de la Innov., Inv. y Desarrollo Tecnológico en la industria de Automoción de Galicia Anthropomorphic model for durability tests on vehicle seats during the entry and exit process
US9050514B1 (en) * 2015-01-05 2015-06-09 Abdullah Ayman Abd Alrasoul Mirza Martial arts training dummy
CN106205322A (zh) * 2016-08-22 2016-12-07 叶强 人体关节测量评价系统
EP3262625A4 (en) * 2015-04-02 2018-08-15 Humanetics Innovative Solutions, Inc. Adjustable spine joint assembly for crash test dummy
US11823590B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2023-11-21 Humanetics Innovative Solutions, Inc. Neck assembly for anthropomorphic test device

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2449937A1 (fr) * 1979-02-23 1980-09-19 Renault Mannequin anthropodynamique
FR2452752A1 (fr) * 1979-03-27 1980-10-24 Renault Mannequin anthropodynamique
US9972220B2 (en) 2014-12-31 2018-05-15 Humanetics Innovative Solutions, Inc. Omnidirectional neck assembly for crash test dummy
US9965977B2 (en) 2014-12-31 2018-05-08 Humanetics Innovative Solutions, Inc. Adjustable lumbar spine assembly for crash test dummy
US10733911B2 (en) 2015-10-14 2020-08-04 Humanetics Innovative Solutions, Inc. Three-dimensional ribs and method of three-dimensional printing of ribs for crash test dummy
US10395561B2 (en) 2015-12-07 2019-08-27 Humanetics Innovative Solutions, Inc. Three-dimensionally printed internal organs for crash test dummy
US10585019B2 (en) 2015-12-28 2020-03-10 Humanetics Innovative Solutions, Inc. Neck assembly for anthropomorphic test device

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2359425A (en) * 1942-01-08 1944-10-03 Ideal Novelty & Toy Co Doll construction
US2781611A (en) * 1953-11-24 1957-02-19 Bills Anita West Doll for selectively exhibiting symptoms of sickness
US3027655A (en) * 1959-09-17 1962-04-03 Alderson Res Lab Inc Synthetic casualty
US3557471A (en) * 1968-09-16 1971-01-26 Wyle Laboratories Anthropodynamic dummy
US3628282A (en) * 1969-09-25 1971-12-21 Mattel Inc Articulated fashion doll
US3642965A (en) * 1968-12-23 1972-02-15 Mattel Inc Method of removing essentially seamless foamed parts from a mold by fluid pressure

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2359425A (en) * 1942-01-08 1944-10-03 Ideal Novelty & Toy Co Doll construction
US2781611A (en) * 1953-11-24 1957-02-19 Bills Anita West Doll for selectively exhibiting symptoms of sickness
US3027655A (en) * 1959-09-17 1962-04-03 Alderson Res Lab Inc Synthetic casualty
US3557471A (en) * 1968-09-16 1971-01-26 Wyle Laboratories Anthropodynamic dummy
US3642965A (en) * 1968-12-23 1972-02-15 Mattel Inc Method of removing essentially seamless foamed parts from a mold by fluid pressure
US3628282A (en) * 1969-09-25 1971-12-21 Mattel Inc Articulated fashion doll

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4106219A (en) * 1975-12-05 1978-08-15 Synthes Ag Chur Plastic bone used for training purposes by surgeons
US4000564A (en) * 1976-01-07 1977-01-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Department Of Transportation Programmable anthropomorphic articulation
US4350490A (en) * 1979-10-04 1982-09-21 Sandegard Jan D Device for use when training the appropriate handling of a dislocated injury on a part of a body
US4451416A (en) * 1980-08-13 1984-05-29 Zurcher Kantonalbank Method of producing a composite foamed resin torso and head section of a human summary for medical training purposes
US4605373A (en) * 1985-01-10 1986-08-12 Rosen Bernard A Training device for setting broken limbs
WO1986004711A1 (en) * 1985-02-11 1986-08-14 Procare Ab Device for teaching treatment of skeleton injuries
US4802858A (en) * 1985-02-11 1989-02-07 Procare Ab Device for teaching treatment of skeleton injuries
WO1987006487A1 (en) * 1986-05-02 1987-11-05 Vladimir Sirota Toy
US4850877A (en) * 1987-01-20 1989-07-25 Donjoy, Inc. Method of determining stress effects in components of the human knee and anthropomorphic leg device therefor
US5468172A (en) * 1991-08-07 1995-11-21 Basile; Pauline R. Doll including recorded message means
US6468087B2 (en) * 2000-01-31 2002-10-22 D. Barclay Slocum Trust Agreement Apparatus for demonstrating a skeletal surgical technique
US20050014114A1 (en) * 2000-01-31 2005-01-20 Slocum D. Barclay Apparatus for demonstrating a skeletal surgical technique
US6942488B2 (en) 2000-01-31 2005-09-13 D. Barclay Slocum Trust Agreement Apparatus for demonstrating a skeletal surgical technique
US20040002279A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-01-01 Wittenberg Mark S. Flexible dolls and posable action figures
US6800016B2 (en) 2002-05-31 2004-10-05 Mattel, Inc. Flexible dolls and posable action figures
US20050037686A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2005-02-17 Wittenberg Mark S. Flexible dolls and posable action figures
US7479054B2 (en) 2002-05-31 2009-01-20 Mattel, Inc. Flexible dolls and posable action figures
US20040198163A1 (en) * 2002-11-12 2004-10-07 Wai Fuk Chai Alvin Frictional joint for toys
US7021989B2 (en) 2002-11-12 2006-04-04 Mattel, Inc. Frictional joint for toys
US7566256B2 (en) 2002-11-12 2009-07-28 Mattel, Inc. Frictional joint for toys
US20060228985A1 (en) * 2002-11-12 2006-10-12 Wai Fuk C A Frictional joint for toys
EP1619644A4 (en) * 2003-03-26 2006-06-14 Nat Inst Of Advanced Ind Scien MODEL DOLL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
US20070020598A1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2007-01-25 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology Manikin and method of manufacturing the same
US7077717B2 (en) 2003-05-27 2006-07-18 Mattel, Inc. Doll with angled and jointed torso
US20090305215A1 (en) * 2005-04-07 2009-12-10 Wilkins Jason D Orthopedic procedures training simulator
US8439688B2 (en) 2005-04-07 2013-05-14 Jason D. Wilkins Orthopedic procedures training simulator
US20070012105A1 (en) * 2005-07-13 2007-01-18 Barnes-Jewish Hospital Method and apparatus for resistive characteristic assessment
US9968838B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2018-05-15 David Daniels Systems and methods for martial arts training devices with anatomically accurate force, pressure and other response
WO2014146136A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 David Daniels Systems and methods for martial arts training devices with anatomically accurate force, pressure and other response
US10786720B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-09-29 David Daniels Systems and methods for martial arts training devices with anatomically accurate force, pressure and other response
US20160101338A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-04-14 David Daniels Systems and methods for martial arts training devices with anatomically accurate force, pressure and other response
EP2969074B1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2019-05-08 David Daniels Systems and methods for martial arts training devices with anatomically accurate force, pressure and other response
EP2863202A1 (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-22 Fundación para la Promoción de la Innov., Inv. y Desarrollo Tecnológico en la industria de Automoción de Galicia Anthropomorphic model for durability tests on vehicle seats during the entry and exit process
US9050514B1 (en) * 2015-01-05 2015-06-09 Abdullah Ayman Abd Alrasoul Mirza Martial arts training dummy
EP3262625A4 (en) * 2015-04-02 2018-08-15 Humanetics Innovative Solutions, Inc. Adjustable spine joint assembly for crash test dummy
CN106205322A (zh) * 2016-08-22 2016-12-07 叶强 人体关节测量评价系统
US11823590B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2023-11-21 Humanetics Innovative Solutions, Inc. Neck assembly for anthropomorphic test device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2018158A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1970-05-29

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