US3894409A - Sliver-knit product - Google Patents
Sliver-knit product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3894409A US3894409A US346403A US34640373A US3894409A US 3894409 A US3894409 A US 3894409A US 346403 A US346403 A US 346403A US 34640373 A US34640373 A US 34640373A US 3894409 A US3894409 A US 3894409A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- backing yarn
- fibrillated
- yarn
- sliver
- backing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
- D04B1/16—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials synthetic threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/02—Pile fabrics or articles having similar surface features
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
- D04B9/14—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles with provision for incorporating loose fibres, e.g. in high-pile fabrics
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A sliver-knit pile fabric in which the base fabric is knitted from a fibrillated backing yarn and the pile is formed from sliver fibers which are also knitted within the base fabric to project from at least one face of the base fabric.
- This invention relates to a sliver-knit product and process, and more particularly to a sliver-knit pile fabric incorporating a fibrillated backing yarn in the base fabric.
- a sliver-knit pile fabric employing a fibrillated backing yarn has decided advantages over sliver-knit pile fabrics incorporating conventional backing yarns, such as natural staple yarns of cotton, for example, or synthetic staple yarns of polyester, for example. Such advantages include greater strength and stability of the base fabric, and a backing yarn more expansible to provide greater coverage per yarn and per unit weight than conventional backing yarns.
- the fibrillated backing yarn is also knotless and slub-free.
- the fibrillated yarn has a built-in texture as a result of its fur-like interior (hairiness).
- FIG. I is a fragmentary sectional elevation of a circular sliver-knitting machine for carrying out the method of this invention
- FIG. 2 is a developed diagrammatic fragmentary elevation of the interior of the knitting cylinder
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of the fabric, made in accordance with this invention, loosely knit to illustrate the pile fibers and the backing yarn;
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional elevation of a fragment of the sliver-knit pile fabric made in accordance with this invention.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of the fibrillated backing yarn, a portion of which has been expanded to illustrate its network structure
- FIG. 6 is a section taken along the line 66 of FIG. 5;
- FIG. 7 is a cross-section taken through a conventional backing yarn.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 disclose a knitting machine 10 of the so-called Wildman Jacquard type having a head ring 11 forming part of the stationary frame of the circular knitting machine.
- a gear ring 12 is rotatably supported upon the bearing 13 formed on the head ring II.
- the gear ring 12 is driven by pinions mounted on radially disposed shafts which are omitted from the drawings.
- the needle cylinder 15 is fixed to the gear ring 12 for rotation, and carries latch needles 16 in circumferentially spaced vertical grooves 17. In FIG. 1, all of the latch needles 16 are not illustrated, for clarity.
- each needle 16 is provided with an outwardly projecting abutment l8 riding in a cam groove or track 19 within a cam 20 supported upon cam ring 21.
- the latch needles are also held against the needle cylinder 15 by means of the circumferential coil spring 22.
- a conventional sinker cam ring 24 is also provided to function with the latch needles 16 in a known manner.
- a doffer roll 25 rotatably driven in the direction of the arrow by shaft 26, by power means not shown.
- the doffer roll is provided with card clothing 27 including a plurality of outwardly projecting resilient wire teeth 28.
- the doffer roll 25 receives a constant charge of sliver fibers from the carding drum 30 of conventional construction and driven by shaft 31 to turn in the direction of the arrow.
- Yarn guide tube 32 is mounted in the appropriate position above the needle cylinder 15 and behind doffer roll 25 to feed the backing yarn 35 to the latch needles 16.
- the sliver 37 (FIG. 2) fed to the carding drum 30 may be formed from any desired natural or synthetic fibers, and may be initially prepared in the same manner in which it is prepared'for conventional sliver-knit pile fabric manufacturing.
- the sliver is preferably made from synthetic fibers, such as polyesters, acrylics or modacrylics in lengths ranging from 1% to 6 inches.
- the fibers are stock-dyed in dye kettles controlled for the cycle required by the particular fiber being processed and for the particular color. After dyeing, the fibers are removed for partial drying in an extractor, and subsequently introduced into an oven for drying on a continuous apron. The drying process is closely controlled for the exact degree of moisture content, lustre and softness of the fibers.
- the fibers are next fed through a conventional picker for blending and conditioning of the fibers. Depending upon the required intimacy of the blend, the fibers may pass through the picker three or four times.
- the blended fiber stock is then introduced into conventional carding machines to manufacture the sliver 37.
- the sliver 37 is fed as needed to the carding drum 30, which in turn transfers it in uniform amounts to the doffer roll 25.
- the latch needles 16 are elevated by the cam 20 as they pass the carding drum 30 so that the hooks of the latch needles 16 are in the rotary path of the wire teeth 28. As the wire teeth 28 rotate upward, the hooked ends of the corresponding latch needles 16 pass between the teeth 28 at a uniform depth. Each needle 16 picks up a bunch of fibers 38 (FIG. 2) which is folded around the hook of the needle, with the aid of an air blast, if desired, from an adjacent air tube, not shown.
- the motion of the needle cylinder carries the needles in their elevated position with the fiber bunches 38 retained in the hooked ends of the needles 16 until they move to the knitting position in which the hooks also engage the backing yarn 35 fed from the tube 32.
- Tube 32 is fed with fibrillated backing yarn 35 from overhead creels.
- the needles are depressed by the operation of cam to carry both the fiber bunch 38 and the hooked portion of the fibrillated backing yarn 35 down through the previously knitted loop carried upon the needle. Subsequently, the needle 16 sheds the previously formed loop along with its fiber bunch 38 in order to form the next stitch.
- the loosely stitched sliver-knit pile fabric is fragmentarily shown in FIG. 3.
- the fibrillated backing yarn 35 may be made by splitting a thermoplastic tape or film as taught in the Nozawa US. Pat. No. 3,427,912. However, in order to make a fibrillated backing yarn 35 of a small enough denier in order to be commercially desirable for a sliver-knit pile fabric, the Nozawa process must be carried out under certain definite controlled conditions relating the speed of the film or tape, the rotary speed of the fibrillating head, the arc of tangency of the fibrillating head against the film, and the structure of the tape material to each other. Under proper controls, a fibrillated backing yarn 35 of continuously constant crosssectional area, dimensions and weight may be produced in deniers of less than I000, and even less than 500. As a matter of fact, sliver-knit pile fabrics have been produced in which the fibrillated backing yarn is 480 denier, and also in which the fibrillated backing yarn 35 is 360 denier.
- controlled fibrillated backing yarns 35 have been produced and knitted into the base fabric of a sliver-knit fabric, not only in which the backing yarn 35 is less than 500 denier, but also in which the filaments forming the network of the fibrillated yarn are of constant denier.
- the filaments had a uniform count of approxi- 8 by 28 denier each.
- the base fabric 40 provides better coverage and hiding capacity because it has flat characteristics and is expansible several times its original width, as illustrated in FIG. 5. Its endless uniformity in cross-section, and particularly its propensity to be slub-free and knotless, provides a superior backing yarn 35 not only for continuously knitting the fabric, but also to present a better uniform appearance in the finished fabric.
- the openings in the network of the fibrillated yarn 35 not only permit the expansion of the yarn 35 for coverage and hiding capacity, but also reduces the cross-sectional weight, without substantially reducing its strength.
- the fibrillated yarn 35 being quite stable, provides a stable base fabric 40 which renders it easier to cut.
- the shrinkage from dry cleaning or laundering of the fabric 42 is approximately one-half of a similarly produced sliver-knit pile fabric in which the backing yarn is made from cotton.
- sliver-knit fabrics 42 have been made from fibrillated backing yarns 35 of polypropylene, nevertheless other types of polymers, such as polyester or nylon, could be employed.
- the sliver-knit fabrics 42 may be further processed substantially in the same manner as conventional sliver-knit pile fabrics are processed.
- the fabric 40 may be back-coated, depending upon its end use.
- a rug fabric would receive a heavy coat, while an apparel fabric would receive a light coat for proper draping by the stylist. Further stability may be obtained by tentering and curing of the back coating.
- the step of backcoating may be dispensed with in sliver-knit pile fabrics in which the fibrillated backing yarn is formed from a low-melt thermoplastic material.
- the fiber pile 38 may be sheared and electrified by fur ironing machines in a conventional manner.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a typical cross-section of the fibrillated yarn 35 of constant denier employed in this invention
- FIG. 7 illustrates a typical cross-section of the conventional staple yarn 45 commonly used in the knitted base fabric of a sliver-knit pile fabric.
- the thickness or height of the yarns 35 and 45 are substantially the same, nevertheless the vast difference in width, and thereby coverage and hiding capacity is marked.
- the covering and hiding power of the expansible fibrillated backing yarn 35 also provides a material advantage in tending to cover any holes which might occur because of loose knitting, and also to be selfmending when holes are formed in the fabric during use.
- Sliver-knit pile fabrics 42 made in accordance with this invention may be used as stuffed animal coverings, interior pile lining and exterior pile surfaces for wearing apparel, as well as pile-knitted area rugs and accessories.
- the sliver-knit pile fabrics 42 may be used in the same manner as any other conventional sliver-knit pile fabrics, but can be used more advantageously and to up-grade the quality of the fabric.
- the sliver-knit pile fabric 42 made in accordance with this invention will probably find additional uses because of its superior characteristics.
- a sliver-knit pile fabric comprising:
- brillated backing yarn of synthetic material having a widthwise dimension, said backing yarn being substantially flat widthwise and having a substantially rectangular cross-section, the width of said backing yarn being substantially greater than its thickness when flattened,
- said fibrillated backing yarn being of substantially longitudinally continuously constant denier less than 1000, and less than the denier of a conventional backing yarn for a corresponding sliver-knit pile fabric
- said fibrillated backing yarn comprising a network of filaments permitting said backing yarn to be substantially expansible widthwise
- said backing yarn being expansible in the plane of said base fabric, toward and away from other portions of said backing yarn in said base fabric,
- said backing yarn having longitudinal edge portions substantially uninterrupted continuously longitudinally of said backing yarn, said filaments being substantially confined between said longitudinal edge portions, and
- a pile comprising fibers locked between the stitches of said fibrillated backing yarn and projecting from at least one side of said base fabric.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US346403A US3894409A (en) | 1973-03-30 | 1973-03-30 | Sliver-knit product |
US436852A US3894407A (en) | 1973-03-30 | 1974-01-28 | Sliver-knit process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US346403A US3894409A (en) | 1973-03-30 | 1973-03-30 | Sliver-knit product |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3894409A true US3894409A (en) | 1975-07-15 |
Family
ID=23359218
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US346403A Expired - Lifetime US3894409A (en) | 1973-03-30 | 1973-03-30 | Sliver-knit product |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3894409A (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2378885A1 (en) * | 1977-01-31 | 1978-08-25 | Eybl Teppichfab | ITEM IN SCOTLAND OR VELVET YARN WITH PACKS OF HAIR FIBER INSERTED IN AT LEAST OF THE SELECTED MESHES |
US4490995A (en) * | 1977-01-31 | 1985-01-01 | Teppichfabrik Karl Eybl Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Right-left knitted pile fabric |
US20040014387A1 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2004-01-22 | Sinykin Daniel L. | Sliver-knit material |
US20080269033A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-30 | Sinykin Daniel L | Methods of Manufacturing Paint Roller Covers From A Tubular Fabric Sleeve |
US20080263792A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-30 | Knight John C | Tubular sliver knit fabric for paint roller covers |
US20080264110A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-30 | Sinykin Daniel L | Method of Manufacturing Paint Roller Covers from a Tubular Fabric Sleeve |
US20080263802A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-30 | Knight John C | Tubular Cut Pile Knit Fabric For Paint Roller Covers |
US7503190B1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-03-17 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Forming a tubular knit fabric for a paint roller cover |
US20090095025A1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-16 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Forming A Tubular Knit Fabric For A Paint Roller Cover |
US20090170677A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2009-07-02 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Tubular knit fabric having alternating courses of sliver fiber pile and cut-pile for paint roller covers |
US20090183818A1 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2009-07-23 | Sinykin Daniel L | Methods of Manufacturing Paint Roller Covers From a Tubular Fabric Sleeve |
US20090183817A1 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2009-07-23 | Sinykin Daniel L | Methods of Manufacturing Paint Roller Covers From a Tubular Fabric Sleeve |
US8221578B2 (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2012-07-17 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
US8298364B2 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2012-10-30 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
US8882957B2 (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2014-11-11 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
CN112779658A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-11 | 威海市创为针织机械有限公司 | Artificial fur knitted fabric and knitting method thereof |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3154934A (en) * | 1960-10-27 | 1964-11-03 | Ltd Malden | Pile fabric |
US3427912A (en) * | 1964-08-13 | 1969-02-18 | Toshiba Machine Co Ltd | Process for preparation for splitting fiber and its apparatus for the same |
US3549467A (en) * | 1967-01-03 | 1970-12-22 | Celanese Corp | Pile fabric having fibrillated pile yarn and method of making same |
-
1973
- 1973-03-30 US US346403A patent/US3894409A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3154934A (en) * | 1960-10-27 | 1964-11-03 | Ltd Malden | Pile fabric |
US3427912A (en) * | 1964-08-13 | 1969-02-18 | Toshiba Machine Co Ltd | Process for preparation for splitting fiber and its apparatus for the same |
US3549467A (en) * | 1967-01-03 | 1970-12-22 | Celanese Corp | Pile fabric having fibrillated pile yarn and method of making same |
Cited By (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2378885A1 (en) * | 1977-01-31 | 1978-08-25 | Eybl Teppichfab | ITEM IN SCOTLAND OR VELVET YARN WITH PACKS OF HAIR FIBER INSERTED IN AT LEAST OF THE SELECTED MESHES |
US4490995A (en) * | 1977-01-31 | 1985-01-01 | Teppichfabrik Karl Eybl Gesellschaft M.B.H. | Right-left knitted pile fabric |
US20040014387A1 (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2004-01-22 | Sinykin Daniel L. | Sliver-knit material |
US6766668B2 (en) | 2002-07-16 | 2004-07-27 | Daniel L. Sinykin | Silver-knit material |
US20080269033A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-30 | Sinykin Daniel L | Methods of Manufacturing Paint Roller Covers From A Tubular Fabric Sleeve |
US8882957B2 (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2014-11-11 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
US20080264110A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-30 | Sinykin Daniel L | Method of Manufacturing Paint Roller Covers from a Tubular Fabric Sleeve |
US20080263802A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-30 | Knight John C | Tubular Cut Pile Knit Fabric For Paint Roller Covers |
US7748241B2 (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2010-07-06 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Tubular cut pile knit fabric for paint roller covers |
US7503191B2 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2009-03-17 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Tubular sliver knit fabric for paint roller covers |
US9994069B2 (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2018-06-12 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
US20080263792A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2008-10-30 | Knight John C | Tubular sliver knit fabric for paint roller covers |
US8858750B2 (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2014-10-14 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
US20090170677A1 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2009-07-02 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Tubular knit fabric having alternating courses of sliver fiber pile and cut-pile for paint roller covers |
US8652289B2 (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2014-02-18 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
US8221578B2 (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2012-07-17 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
US7596972B2 (en) * | 2007-04-25 | 2009-10-06 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Tubular knit fabric having alternating courses of sliver fiber pile and cut-pile for paint roller covers |
US7905980B2 (en) | 2007-04-25 | 2011-03-15 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Method of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
US7503190B1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-03-17 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Forming a tubular knit fabric for a paint roller cover |
US7552602B2 (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2009-06-30 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Forming a tubular knit fabric for a paint roller cover |
US7634921B2 (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2009-12-22 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Knitting a tubular fabric for a paint roller cover |
US7908889B2 (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2011-03-22 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Forming a tubular knit fabric for a paint roller cover |
US20110154863A1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2011-06-30 | Knight Sr John Cecil | Forming a Tubular Knit Fabric for a Paint Roller Cover |
US20090095025A1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-16 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Forming A Tubular Knit Fabric For A Paint Roller Cover |
US8156767B2 (en) | 2007-10-12 | 2012-04-17 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Forming a tubular knit fabric for a paint roller cover |
US20100095711A1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2010-04-22 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Forming A Tubular Knit Fabric For A Paint Roller Cover |
US20090145170A1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-06-11 | Knight Sr John Cecil | Forming A Tubular Knit Fabric For A Paint Roller Cover |
US8182645B2 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2012-05-22 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
US20090183818A1 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2009-07-23 | Sinykin Daniel L | Methods of Manufacturing Paint Roller Covers From a Tubular Fabric Sleeve |
US8298364B2 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2012-10-30 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
US20090183817A1 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2009-07-23 | Sinykin Daniel L | Methods of Manufacturing Paint Roller Covers From a Tubular Fabric Sleeve |
US8118967B2 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2012-02-21 | Seamless Technologies, Llc | Methods of manufacturing paint roller covers from a tubular fabric sleeve |
CN112779658A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-11 | 威海市创为针织机械有限公司 | Artificial fur knitted fabric and knitting method thereof |
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Owner name: FIBRON CORP CHATTANOOGA TN A CORP OF TN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:AKZONA INCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:004010/0726 Effective date: 19811109 |
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