US3893814A - Installation of incendiary liners in bombs through use of prelined tubular steel stock - Google Patents

Installation of incendiary liners in bombs through use of prelined tubular steel stock Download PDF

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Publication number
US3893814A
US3893814A US281065A US28106572A US3893814A US 3893814 A US3893814 A US 3893814A US 281065 A US281065 A US 281065A US 28106572 A US28106572 A US 28106572A US 3893814 A US3893814 A US 3893814A
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United States
Prior art keywords
incendiary
liner
tubular member
liners
bomb
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US281065A
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Barry L Mcghee
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US Department of Navy
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US Department of Navy
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/44—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of incendiary type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
    • F42B12/80—Coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S29/00—Metal working
    • Y10S29/035—Shrink fitting with other step
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49863—Assembling or joining with prestressing of part
    • Y10T29/49865—Assembling or joining with prestressing of part by temperature differential [e.g., shrink fit]

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A process for adapting incendiary liner materials in ordnance items which are made from seamless or rolled and welded tubing, whereby the incendiary liner is in a tube form and is placed inside a preferably metal tubing before the ordnance item enters the production line.
  • the present invention relates generally to a process of obtaining an incendiary lining in an ordnance device, and more particularly to a process of adapting certain incendiary liner materials to current bomb production techniques.
  • Bomb liners may also be made from preformed sections of pyrophoric material extruded rod which are potted against the inside of the bomb wall. Such liners would require hand installation and would dictate close fitting around the bomb lugs so as to avoid crevices in which explosive might be pinched. After liner installation. care must be taken to close all seams in the liner. In general, liners produced from extruded rod and preformed sections require hand installation, thereby creating a production bottleneck, and require meticulous installation techniques. Extruded liner material costs are greater than casting material costs.
  • pellets may be potted in the bomb as a liner or may be mixed in directly with the explosive. Potting of the pellets would require equipment to spin or roll the bomb as the liner is formed. The pellets may not suspend well in the liner material, causing nonuniformity in the liner.
  • the liner material must be selected so as to be compatible with the explosive and must demonstrate effective fragmentation and incendiary characteristics. Pellets of incendiary material cast in the explosive may create voids in the explosive during casting and/or during transportation for example by aircraft vibration, a condition which could cause premature detonation under 6" loading due to adiabatic compression.
  • the present invention is a process of adapting certain incendiary liner materials to current bomb production techniques. While the invention process is primarily intended for bombs, it is certainly also applicable to all other ordnance items which are made from seamless or rolled and welded tubing.
  • the incendiary liner can be made from any pyrophoric material which lends itself to both cold and hot forming and which can be brought to heat treatment temperatures I600 l700F) without igniting and then successfully quenched.
  • the pyrophoric material described herein is zirconium but various zirconium alloys and any other pyrophoric materials and their alloys may be adapted to this process.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a safe method of installing incendiary. liners at a low cost.
  • Another object is to provide a method of inserting an incendiary liner which is adapted to current production line methods without requiring special equipment.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an incendiary liner along the full length of an ordnance device rather than partial-length liners.
  • a tubular bomb stock comprising a metal tube into which has been inserted an incendiary liner which is preferably of a diameter which is slightly less than is the inside diameter of the metal tubing so that it may be slipped inside thereof prior to introduction into the production line.
  • the incendiary liner may be of any pyrophoric materials which can be readily cold formed, subjected to temperatures of l650-l700F without ignition, and which can be water quenched.
  • the pyrophoric tubing may be extruded or rolled sheet material, for example zirconium.
  • the prelined steel tubing is introduced into the production line as usual and proceeds normally through the production line, emerging as an incendiary lined complete bomb body, as shown in the drawing.
  • a zirconium tube inserted in a 1020 steel sleeve, heated to a temperature of l650F, water quenching, and cutting 0.03 inch zirconium sheet with a cutting torch under a normal atmospheric conditions is one set of conditions which has been successfully tested.
  • the method of the present invention has successfully passed tests which simulate the most difficult conditions which zirconium would meet in current bomb production lines.
  • the drawing shows a completed bomb body 10 which entered the production line as tubular bomb stock.
  • Incendiary liner 20 entered the production line as the incendiary liner of the tubular bomb stock.
  • the drawing shows the shaping which the tubular stock must go through to be a complete bomb body and shows generally the inserts necessary to close one end of the bomb and also the inserts necessary to make the bomb adapted for carriage in a bomb rack.
  • explosive material would be added to chamber 30.
  • a method of producing an incendiary casing for an ordnance device comprising the steps of: I
  • a method of producing an incendiary casing for an 5 ordnance device comprising the steps of:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Abstract

A process for adapting incendiary liner materials in ordnance items which are made from seamless or rolled and welded tubing, whereby the incendiary liner is in a tube form and is placed inside a preferably metal tubing before the ordnance item enters the production line.

Description

United States Patent [191 McGhee 71 i INSTALLATION OF INCENDIARY LINERS 1N BOMBS THROUGH USE OF PRELINED TUBULAR STEEL STOCK Barry L. McGhee, Virginia Beach,
173] Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy, Washington, DC.
{[22] Filed: Aug. 16, 1972 [2!] App]. No.: 281,065
[75] inventor:
\[52] US. Cl. 29/l.21; 29/447; 86/17; 29/DlG. 35
[51] Int. Cl B21k 21/06 [58] Field of Search 29/447, DIG. 35, 1.21; 86/17 [451 July 8,1975
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,514,166 11/1924 Morgan et al 29/447 UX 1,720,366 7/1929 Langenberg 29/D1G. 35 2,027,962 3/1933 Currie 29/D1G. 35 2,302,229 11/1942 Lampton 29/D1G. 35 3,372,462 3/1968 Reid et al. 29/447 3,560,709 2/1971 Crane et al. 29/447 X Primary ExaminerLeland A. Sebastian [57] ABSTRACT A process for adapting incendiary liner materials in ordnance items which are made from seamless or rolled and welded tubing, whereby the incendiary liner is in a tube form and is placed inside a preferably metal tubing before the ordnance item enters the production line.
5 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure 1 INSTALLATION OF INCENDIARY LINERS IN BOMBS THROUGH USE OF PRELINEI) TUBULAR STEEL STOCK BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION l. Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to a process of obtaining an incendiary lining in an ordnance device, and more particularly to a process of adapting certain incendiary liner materials to current bomb production techniques.
2. Description of the Prior Art Casting of hot reactive metals (such as mischmetal) poses many problems. Casting must be done in an inert atmosphere and at very high temperatures (on the order of l700F), which would lower the body steel strength below specifications. A high spin rate is required (about 300 rpm) for the casting process and is not feasible because of the non-symetric weight distribution of the bomb body. As mischmetal is sensitive to water, the bomb could not be quenched after heating. Additionally, spin casting would create a bottleneck in the production line and would necessitate extensive safety precautions.
Bomb liners may also be made from preformed sections of pyrophoric material extruded rod which are potted against the inside of the bomb wall. Such liners would require hand installation and would dictate close fitting around the bomb lugs so as to avoid crevices in which explosive might be pinched. After liner installation. care must be taken to close all seams in the liner. In general, liners produced from extruded rod and preformed sections require hand installation, thereby creating a production bottleneck, and require meticulous installation techniques. Extruded liner material costs are greater than casting material costs.
The use of pyrophoric materils in pellet form has also been proposed. The pellets may be potted in the bomb as a liner or may be mixed in directly with the explosive. Potting of the pellets would require equipment to spin or roll the bomb as the liner is formed. The pellets may not suspend well in the liner material, causing nonuniformity in the liner. The liner material must be selected so as to be compatible with the explosive and must demonstrate effective fragmentation and incendiary characteristics. Pellets of incendiary material cast in the explosive may create voids in the explosive during casting and/or during transportation for example by aircraft vibration, a condition which could cause premature detonation under 6" loading due to adiabatic compression.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a process of adapting certain incendiary liner materials to current bomb production techniques. While the invention process is primarily intended for bombs, it is certainly also applicable to all other ordnance items which are made from seamless or rolled and welded tubing. The incendiary liner can be made from any pyrophoric material which lends itself to both cold and hot forming and which can be brought to heat treatment temperatures I600 l700F) without igniting and then successfully quenched. The pyrophoric material described herein is zirconium but various zirconium alloys and any other pyrophoric materials and their alloys may be adapted to this process.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a safe method of installing incendiary. liners at a low cost.
Another object is to provide a method of inserting an incendiary liner which is adapted to current production line methods without requiring special equipment.
A further object of the invention is to provide an incendiary liner along the full length of an ordnance device rather than partial-length liners.
Other objects, advantages, and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
pleted bomb body with a formed incendiary liner after having gone through the entire production line.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A tubular bomb stock comprising a metal tube into which has been inserted an incendiary liner which is preferably of a diameter which is slightly less than is the inside diameter of the metal tubing so that it may be slipped inside thereof prior to introduction into the production line. The incendiary liner may be of any pyrophoric materials which can be readily cold formed, subjected to temperatures of l650-l700F without ignition, and which can be water quenched. The pyrophoric tubing may be extruded or rolled sheet material, for example zirconium.
The prelined steel tubing is introduced into the production line as usual and proceeds normally through the production line, emerging as an incendiary lined complete bomb body, as shown in the drawing. For example, a zirconium tube inserted in a 1020 steel sleeve, heated to a temperature of l650F, water quenching, and cutting 0.03 inch zirconium sheet with a cutting torch under a normal atmospheric conditions is one set of conditions which has been successfully tested. The method of the present invention has successfully passed tests which simulate the most difficult conditions which zirconium would meet in current bomb production lines.
The drawing shows a completed bomb body 10 which entered the production line as tubular bomb stock. Incendiary liner 20 entered the production line as the incendiary liner of the tubular bomb stock. The drawing shows the shaping which the tubular stock must go through to be a complete bomb body and shows generally the inserts necessary to close one end of the bomb and also the inserts necessary to make the bomb adapted for carriage in a bomb rack. To complete the bomb, explosive material would be added to chamber 30.
Obviously many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
What is claimed is:
1. A method of producing an incendiary casing for an ordnance device comprising the steps of: I
4 heating said tubular member and liner to a temperature of approximately 1600 to 1700 F.; and water quenching the heated elements. 5. A method of producing an incendiary casing for an 5 ordnance device comprising the steps of:
inserting a tube of zirconium into a tubular member of 1020 Steel to form a liner thereof;
cold forming said tubular member and liner into a desired final configuration;
heating said tubular member and liner to a temperature of approximately 1600 to 1700 F and water quenching said tubular member and liner to produce an incendiary casing having the desired physical characteristics.

Claims (5)

1. A METHOD OF PRODUCING AN INCENDIARY CASING FOR AN ORDNANCE DEVICE COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: INSERTING A TUBE OF PYROPHORIC MATERIAL INTO A TUBULAR MEMBER TO FORM A LINER THEREOF SAID PYROPHORIC MATERIAL BEING SUSCEPTIBLE OF EITHER HOT OR COLD FORMING, FORMING SAID TUBULAR MEMBER AND SAID TUBE OF PYROPHORIC MATERIAL INTO DESIRED FINAL CONFIGURATION AND HEAT-TREATING THE FINAL CONFIGURATION TO PRODUCE THE DESIRED PHYCISCAL CHARACTERISTICS.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said pyrophoric material is zirconium.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said tubular member is made of 1020 Steel.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the heat treatment comprises the steps of: heating said tubular member and liner to a temperature of approximately 1600* to 1700* F.; and water quenching the heated Elements.
5. A method of producing an incendiary casing for an ordnance device comprising the steps of: inserting a tube of zirconium into a tubular member of 1020 Steel to form a liner thereof; cold forming said tubular member and liner into a desired final configuration; heating said tubular member and liner to a temperature of approximately 1600* to 1700* F.; and water quenching said tubular member and liner to produce an incendiary casing having the desired physical characteristics.
US281065A 1972-08-16 1972-08-16 Installation of incendiary liners in bombs through use of prelined tubular steel stock Expired - Lifetime US3893814A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4152987A (en) * 1977-02-18 1979-05-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Impermeable polymer bomb liner for use with TNT containing explosives
US4167140A (en) * 1976-08-24 1979-09-11 A/S Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Projectile for scattering of a load
US4458596A (en) * 1982-07-06 1984-07-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Multi-purpose bomblet
US4498367A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-02-12 Southwest Energy Group, Ltd. Energy transfer through a multi-layer liner for shaped charges
US5054399A (en) * 1988-07-05 1991-10-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Bomb or ordnance with internal shock attenuation barrier
US5852256A (en) * 1979-03-16 1998-12-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Non-focusing active warhead
US6105505A (en) * 1998-06-17 2000-08-22 Lockheed Martin Corporation Hard target incendiary projectile

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1514166A (en) * 1922-01-11 1924-11-04 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method of assembling tubes and liners in gun manufacture
US1720366A (en) * 1925-12-11 1929-07-09 Tracy C Dickson Method of making hollow metallic articles
US2027962A (en) * 1933-03-03 1936-01-14 Nat Carbon Co Inc Production of articles from plastic compositions
US2302229A (en) * 1939-04-13 1942-11-17 Aviat Corp Manufacture of propeller blades
US3372462A (en) * 1965-10-11 1968-03-12 Upjohn Co Method of making plastic lined metal pipe
US3560709A (en) * 1968-10-04 1971-02-02 Burgess Norton Mfg Co Electrical furnace for heating a metallic sleeve

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1514166A (en) * 1922-01-11 1924-11-04 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method of assembling tubes and liners in gun manufacture
US1720366A (en) * 1925-12-11 1929-07-09 Tracy C Dickson Method of making hollow metallic articles
US2027962A (en) * 1933-03-03 1936-01-14 Nat Carbon Co Inc Production of articles from plastic compositions
US2302229A (en) * 1939-04-13 1942-11-17 Aviat Corp Manufacture of propeller blades
US3372462A (en) * 1965-10-11 1968-03-12 Upjohn Co Method of making plastic lined metal pipe
US3560709A (en) * 1968-10-04 1971-02-02 Burgess Norton Mfg Co Electrical furnace for heating a metallic sleeve

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4167140A (en) * 1976-08-24 1979-09-11 A/S Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Projectile for scattering of a load
US4152987A (en) * 1977-02-18 1979-05-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Impermeable polymer bomb liner for use with TNT containing explosives
US5852256A (en) * 1979-03-16 1998-12-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Non-focusing active warhead
US4458596A (en) * 1982-07-06 1984-07-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Multi-purpose bomblet
US4498367A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-02-12 Southwest Energy Group, Ltd. Energy transfer through a multi-layer liner for shaped charges
US5054399A (en) * 1988-07-05 1991-10-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Bomb or ordnance with internal shock attenuation barrier
US6105505A (en) * 1998-06-17 2000-08-22 Lockheed Martin Corporation Hard target incendiary projectile
EP1088200A2 (en) * 1998-06-17 2001-04-04 Lockheed Martin Corporation Hard target incendiary projectile
EP1088200A4 (en) * 1998-06-17 2006-04-19 Lockheed Corp Hard target incendiary projectile

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