US3892236A - Apparatus for filtration-leukopheresis for separation and concentration of human granulocytes - Google Patents

Apparatus for filtration-leukopheresis for separation and concentration of human granulocytes Download PDF

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US3892236A
US3892236A US346729A US34672973A US3892236A US 3892236 A US3892236 A US 3892236A US 346729 A US346729 A US 346729A US 34672973 A US34672973 A US 34672973A US 3892236 A US3892236 A US 3892236A
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blood
donor
filter
receptacle
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Isaac Djerassi
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
    • A61M1/3496—Plasmapheresis; Leucopheresis; Lymphopheresis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/60—Containers for suction drainage, adapted to be used with an external suction source
    • A61M1/62—Containers comprising a bag in a rigid low-pressure chamber, with suction applied to the outside surface of the bag
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/04—Liquids
    • A61M2202/0413—Blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/04—Liquids
    • A61M2202/0413—Blood
    • A61M2202/0439—White blood cells; Leucocytes
    • A61M2202/0441—Granulocytes, i.e. leucocytes containing many granules in their cytoplasm

Definitions

  • the delivery of blood plasma and the like to a patient for transfusion can be effected by gravity or by applied pressure as shown in the U.S. Pat. No. to Rundhaug, 2,842,123.
  • the present invention comprises simplified apparatus utilizing in one embodiment constant volume of blood from the donor and to and through the granulocyte separating filter and in another embodiment constant pressure of the blood from the donor to and through the filter in both instances for effecting the flow through the apparatus to a receptacle for gravity return of leukocyte-poor whole blood to the donor.
  • apparatus for harvesting granulocytes from a single donor and within a relatively short period of time and which includes a filter connected to a vented blood return receptacle, the blood being delivered to and through the filter to the return receptacle either by constant volume or by constant pressure delivery to the filter.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a preferred form of apparatus in accordance with the invention utilizing constant pressure for blood delivery;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of another preferred form of apparatus in accordance with the invention, utlizing constant volume for blood delivery.
  • a fluid connection 10 of flexible tubing has a needle (not shown) of well known type, and preferably of 15 gauge, on its free end for insertion into a vein in one arm A1 of the donor for withdrawing blood.
  • the fluid connection 19 preferably extends to branch connections 11 and 12 of flexible tubing and past inlet control valves 13 and I4, which may be non-return valves or positively positioned valves.
  • the valves 13 and 14 preferably act externally of and are adapted to pinch or release the tubes 11 and 12.
  • the pipes 11 and 12 extend to flexible blood receiving receptacles I5 and 16, preferably of inert transparent or translucent synthetic plastic, suspended from fixed brackets 17 and 18 in rigid enclosing cylinders 19 and 20.
  • the cylinders l9 and 20 are preferably transparent for observation of the receptacles l and 16 and each has its interior alternately placed under vacuum and under pressure and phased so that when cylinder 19 is under vacuum cylinder 20 is under pressure.
  • the receptacles l5 and 16 are connected by fluid delivery connections 33 and 34, of flexible tubing, past control valves 35 and 36, which may be non-return valves or positively positioned valves.
  • the valves 35 and 36 preferably act externally of and are adapted to pinch or release the tubes 33 and 34.
  • the pipes 33 and 34 extend to a pipe 37 which is connected to a filter 38 which delivers blood either directly to pipe 44 or through pipe 39 to and through a transparent chamber 40 in which the flow of blood can be observed directly.
  • the filter 38 can be of any suitable type which separates and retains granulocytes and permits the passage of leukocyte-poor whole blood for return to the donor.
  • the unit comprising the pendant filter 38 and chamber 40, if used, are preferably supported by a stand 41 having a hook 42 for detachable engagement by a ring 43 on the bag 37.
  • the filter assembly 38 and 40 is connected by a pipe 44 to the lower part of a vented blood return receptacle 45.
  • the receptacle 45 is preferably supported on the stand 41 by a hook 47 for detachable engagement by a ring 48 on the receptacle 45.
  • the receptacle 45 has an air vent tube 49 extending upwardly to close to the top of the receptacle 45 to prevent pressure build-up within the receptacle 45.
  • the receptable 45 is connected through a transparent sight tube 53 by a flexible tube 52 which has a needle (not shown) of well known type and preferably of 15 gauge on its free end for insertion into a vein in the other arm A2 of the donor for return, by gravity of granulocyte-poor whole blood to the donor.
  • the structure, irreversibly connected, comprising the fluid connection 10, tubes 11 and 12, receptacles l5 and I6, pipes 33 and 34, pipe 37, filter 38 with or without chamber 40, pipe 44, vented receptacle 45 and pipe 52 with its sight tube 53 can be made as a single use unit one for each donor pre-sterilized and in a sealed protective package. The necessity for breaking sterile points of connection at the time of usage will thus be avoided. Quick removal and replacement can be effected.
  • a fluid connection 10 of flexible tubing is provided, as before, to a needle for withdrawing blood from a vein in one arm A1 of the donor.
  • the fluid connection 10 is connected to the inlet side of a variable speed positive displacement liquid pump 60.
  • the pump 60 as a positive displacement pump, will have a constant volume delivery per revolution irrespective of the speed of rotation and can have a revolution counter 61 connected thereto and calibrated, if desired, in accordance with the liquid volume delivery of the pump 60.
  • the delivery side of the pump is connected by a flexible pipe 62 to a filter 38, of the type previously described, for delivery to a vented blood return receptacle 45.
  • the receptacle 45 is connected by a flexible tube 52 for return by gravity, of granulocyte-poor whole blood to a needle in a vein in the arm A2 of the donor.
  • pipe 44 may be of special material with increased resiliency such as siliconized rubber or plastic.
  • the structure irreversibly connected, comprising the pipe 62, filter 38, with or without chamber 40, pipe 44, vented receptacle 45, and pipe 52 with or without a transparent chamber, can be made as a single use unit similar to that previously described.
  • the blood is withdrawn from a vein in the arm A1 of the donor by the suction alternately created in the cylinders l9 and 20 and therein on the flexible receptacles l5 and 16 and therefrom in the fluid connection 10.
  • the blood in the receptacles l5 and 16 is then alternately delivered under pressure through the pipe 37, through the filter 38 under pressure and through the pipe 39 and chamber 40 under pressure which pressure by reason of the alternating delivery from the receptacles l5 and 16 is substantially constant.
  • the granulocytes are separated from the whole blood, and collected in the filter 38 for subsequent recovery, the leukocyte-poor whole blood still under pressure being delivered to the vented receptacle 45.
  • the leukocyte-poor blood is then returned by gravity to a vein in the arm A2 of the donor through the return pipe 52, the height of the receptacle 45 being such as to insure adequate rate of return of the blood and the receptacle 45 providing the desired storage capacity for continuous return of blood.
  • the blood is withdrawn from a vein in the arm A1 of the donor by the suction of the pump 60 and continuously delivered with constant volume through the pipe 62 to the filter 38.
  • the blood is delivered to and through the filter 38 under pressure or by suction through the filter 38 by the continuity of flow and to the vented receptacle 45, as before.
  • the granulocytepoor whole blood in the receptacle 45 is returned by gravity to a vein of the donor as previously explained.
  • the quantity of blood delivered by the pump 60 can be measured by the counter 61 which functions as a volume meter.
  • Apparatus for filtration-leukopheresis comprising a venous blood supply connection adapted to be connected to a donor,
  • a venous blood return connection adapted to be connected to the donor
  • a leukocyte separating and retaining filter interposed in series with said connections and in fluid communication therewith for extracting leukocytes from blood passing therethrough.
  • a permanently vented receptacle in continuous communication with the atmosphere interposed in series between said filter and said return connection and in fluid communication therewith.
  • power driven pump means upstream of said receptacle for continuously delivering blood from said supply connection to and through said filter and to said vented receptacle.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus of simple character is provided for continuous withdrawal of blood from a human donor, forced extracorporeal circulation of blood of the donor with separation of granulocytes, and return by gravity of the leukocyte-poor whole blood to the donor.

Description

United States Patent Djerassi *July 1, 1975 APPARATUS FOR 3,014,48l l2/l96l Rumble et al. 128/214 F FILTRATION LEUKOPHERESIS FOR glarkk. 1.
, wan SEPARATION AND CONCENTRATION OF 3,462,361 8/1969 Greenwalt et al. 210/23 HUMAN GRANULOCYTES 3,648,694 3 1972 Mogos et a1 1. 128/214 F [76] Inventor: Isaac Djerassi, 2034 Delancey FL,
Philadelphia, Pa. 19103 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1 Notice: h p i of the term of this Germany l28/DIG. I2
patent subsequent to Apr. 9, 1991, has been d'sclalmed' Primary ExaminerDalton L. Truluck [22] Fil d; A 2, 1973 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Zachary T. Wobensmith,
2 d;Z h T.W 'th,]] 21 Appl. No.: 346,729 ac wens I [52] US. Cl. 128/214 R; 128/276 [57] ABSTRACT [5 1) Int. Cl Afilm 01/03 [58] Field Search 128/2131 214 F1 Apparatus ofsimple character is provided for continu- 28/214 B1 214 C1 2l4-21 278; ous withdrawal of blood from a human donor, forced 23/2585? 210/23 extracorporeal circulation of blood of the donor with separation of granulocytes, and return by gravity of [56] References cued the leukocyte-poor whole blood to the donor.
UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,876,769 3/1959 Cordova 23/2585 8 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures n lI APPARATUS FOR FlLTRATION-LEUKOPIIERESIS FOR SEPARATION AND CONCENTRATION OF HUMAN GRANULOCYTES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to apparatus for filtrationleukopheresis for separation and concentration of large amounts of normal human granulocytes.
2. Description of the Prior Art It has heretofore been proposed to extract blood from a human donor for use as whole blood, for separation of plasma, for separation of granulocytes or other blood components primarily for the purpose of transfusion to individuals in need of such components.
Blood removal and collection apparatus has taken various forms and reference may be had to the U.S. Pat. Nos. to Strumia, 2,845,929, Gewecke et al., 2,757,669, Welch, Jr., 2,982,286, Rieutord et al., 2,757,375, Poitras, 2,784,932 Erikson, 2,597,715, and Judson et al., 3,489,145.
The delivery of blood plasma and the like to a patient for transfusion can be effected by gravity or by applied pressure as shown in the U.S. Pat. No. to Rundhaug, 2,842,123.
The harvesting of normal granulocytes with special continuous flow centrifugation (Freirach, E. J., et al., Separation and collection of leukocytes. Cancer Res. 1516-1520 1965) is inefficient and impractical for widespread use.
The batch treating of whole blood to remove leukocytes with a filter is shown in the US. Pat. No. to Greenwalt, 3,462,361.
It has heretofore been undertaken to withdraw blood from a donor, in a plastic bag with saline solution and a mixture of heparin, saline and sodium citrate selectively delivered to the plastic bag and then transferring the fluid through two leukocyte filters and then advance the blood by manual manipulation to another plastic bag for return through a tube to the donor, a second source of saline solution being connected to the return tube. The respective tubes were controlled by hemostats for manual regulation and the entire procedure was manual.
Very close supervision and control by trained personnel has been required and the time for the filtrationleukopheresis has required about some 4 hours or more with each individual donor.
In my prior application for US. Letters Pat. filed May 18, 1972, Ser. No. 254,609, now US. Pat. No. 3,802,432 issued Apr. 9, 1974, there is described apparatus for separation and retention of human granulocytes with which the weight of the blood in intermediate receptacles in its circuit from and to the body of the donor is utilized to control the flow.
In my prior application for US. Letters Pat. filed Dec. 20, 1972, Ser. No. 317,057, improved apparatus is shown.
The present invention comprises simplified apparatus utilizing in one embodiment constant volume of blood from the donor and to and through the granulocyte separating filter and in another embodiment constant pressure of the blood from the donor to and through the filter in both instances for effecting the flow through the apparatus to a receptacle for gravity return of leukocyte-poor whole blood to the donor.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention apparatus is provided for harvesting granulocytes from a single donor and within a relatively short period of time and which includes a filter connected to a vented blood return receptacle, the blood being delivered to and through the filter to the return receptacle either by constant volume or by constant pressure delivery to the filter.
It is the principal object of the invention to provide apparatus for harvesting granulocytes from human blood of a donor with return of the leukocyte-poor blood to the donor which is of simplified construction, which requires a minimum of attention and which will permit of rapid cycling and attendant short period of retention of the donor.
It is a further object of the invention to provide apparatus of the character aforesaid in which the filter and the blood return receptacle and associated tubing may be supplied as a disposable unit for connection to a permanently installed withdrawal and delivery apparatus.
It is a further object of the invention to provide apparatus of the character aforesaid in which the withdrawal and delivery apparatus may selectively be such as to effect a constant volume or a constant pressure transfer of the blood from the donor.
Other objects and advantageous features of the invention will be apparent from the description and claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The nature and characteristic features of the inven tion will be more readily understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, in which:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a preferred form of apparatus in accordance with the invention utilizing constant pressure for blood delivery; and
FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view of another preferred form of apparatus in accordance with the invention, utlizing constant volume for blood delivery.
It should, of course, be understood that the description and drawings herein are illustrative merely and that various modifications and changes can be made in the structure disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now more particularly to FIG. I of the drawings, a fluid connection 10 of flexible tubing, has a needle (not shown) of well known type, and preferably of 15 gauge, on its free end for insertion into a vein in one arm A1 of the donor for withdrawing blood.
The fluid connection 19 preferably extends to branch connections 11 and 12 of flexible tubing and past inlet control valves 13 and I4, which may be non-return valves or positively positioned valves. The valves 13 and 14 preferably act externally of and are adapted to pinch or release the tubes 11 and 12. The pipes 11 and 12 extend to flexible blood receiving receptacles I5 and 16, preferably of inert transparent or translucent synthetic plastic, suspended from fixed brackets 17 and 18 in rigid enclosing cylinders 19 and 20. The cylinders l9 and 20 are preferably transparent for observation of the receptacles l and 16 and each has its interior alternately placed under vacuum and under pressure and phased so that when cylinder 19 is under vacuum cylinder 20 is under pressure.
Vacuum pipes 23 and 24, connected to a suitable source of vacuum VP and connected to the cylinders 19 and 2.0 through control valves 25 and 26 and pressure supply pipes 27 and 28, connected to a suitable source of pressure PP through control valves 29 and 30, permit alternate pressure and vacuum application in cylinders l9 and 20.
The receptacles l5 and 16 are connected by fluid delivery connections 33 and 34, of flexible tubing, past control valves 35 and 36, which may be non-return valves or positively positioned valves. The valves 35 and 36 preferably act externally of and are adapted to pinch or release the tubes 33 and 34. The pipes 33 and 34 extend to a pipe 37 which is connected to a filter 38 which delivers blood either directly to pipe 44 or through pipe 39 to and through a transparent chamber 40 in which the flow of blood can be observed directly. The filter 38 can be of any suitable type which separates and retains granulocytes and permits the passage of leukocyte-poor whole blood for return to the donor. Filters identified as LeukoPak Leukocyte Filter available from Fenwal Laboratories, Division of Travenol Laboratories, lnc., Morton Grove, Illinois, and which utilize nylon fibers for adherence thereto of the granulocytes, have been found satisfactory.
The unit comprising the pendant filter 38 and chamber 40, if used, are preferably supported by a stand 41 having a hook 42 for detachable engagement by a ring 43 on the bag 37.
The filter assembly 38 and 40 is connected by a pipe 44 to the lower part of a vented blood return receptacle 45.
The receptacle 45 is preferably supported on the stand 41 by a hook 47 for detachable engagement by a ring 48 on the receptacle 45.
The receptacle 45 has an air vent tube 49 extending upwardly to close to the top of the receptacle 45 to prevent pressure build-up within the receptacle 45.
The receptable 45 is connected through a transparent sight tube 53 by a flexible tube 52 which has a needle (not shown) of well known type and preferably of 15 gauge on its free end for insertion into a vein in the other arm A2 of the donor for return, by gravity of granulocyte-poor whole blood to the donor.
The structure, irreversibly connected, comprising the fluid connection 10, tubes 11 and 12, receptacles l5 and I6, pipes 33 and 34, pipe 37, filter 38 with or without chamber 40, pipe 44, vented receptacle 45 and pipe 52 with its sight tube 53 can be made as a single use unit one for each donor pre-sterilized and in a sealed protective package. The necessity for breaking sterile points of connection at the time of usage will thus be avoided. Quick removal and replacement can be effected.
Referring now to FIG. 2 of the drawings, a fluid connection 10 of flexible tubing is provided, as before, to a needle for withdrawing blood from a vein in one arm A1 of the donor.
The fluid connection 10 is connected to the inlet side of a variable speed positive displacement liquid pump 60. The pump 60, as a positive displacement pump, will have a constant volume delivery per revolution irrespective of the speed of rotation and can have a revolution counter 61 connected thereto and calibrated, if desired, in accordance with the liquid volume delivery of the pump 60.
The delivery side of the pump is connected by a flexible pipe 62 to a filter 38, of the type previously described, for delivery to a vented blood return receptacle 45.
The receptacle 45 is connected by a flexible tube 52 for return by gravity, of granulocyte-poor whole blood to a needle in a vein in the arm A2 of the donor.
When suction of the blood through filter 38 by the pump is preferred, the pump is located to apply its action on pipe 44. In this case pipe 44 may be of special material with increased resiliency such as siliconized rubber or plastic.
The structure, irreversibly connected, comprising the pipe 62, filter 38, with or without chamber 40, pipe 44, vented receptacle 45, and pipe 52 with or without a transparent chamber, can be made as a single use unit similar to that previously described.
In the form of the invention shown in FlG. l, the blood is withdrawn from a vein in the arm A1 of the donor by the suction alternately created in the cylinders l9 and 20 and therein on the flexible receptacles l5 and 16 and therefrom in the fluid connection 10. The blood in the receptacles l5 and 16 is then alternately delivered under pressure through the pipe 37, through the filter 38 under pressure and through the pipe 39 and chamber 40 under pressure which pressure by reason of the alternating delivery from the receptacles l5 and 16 is substantially constant.
In the filter 38 the granulocytes are separated from the whole blood, and collected in the filter 38 for subsequent recovery, the leukocyte-poor whole blood still under pressure being delivered to the vented receptacle 45.
The leukocyte-poor blood is then returned by gravity to a vein in the arm A2 of the donor through the return pipe 52, the height of the receptacle 45 being such as to insure adequate rate of return of the blood and the receptacle 45 providing the desired storage capacity for continuous return of blood.
In the form of the invention shown in FIG. 2, the blood is withdrawn from a vein in the arm A1 of the donor by the suction of the pump 60 and continuously delivered with constant volume through the pipe 62 to the filter 38.
The blood is delivered to and through the filter 38 under pressure or by suction through the filter 38 by the continuity of flow and to the vented receptacle 45, as before.
The granulocytepoor whole blood in the receptacle 45 is returned by gravity to a vein of the donor as previously explained.
The quantity of blood delivered by the pump 60, can be measured by the counter 61 which functions as a volume meter.
I claim:
1. Apparatus for filtration-leukopheresis comprising a venous blood supply connection adapted to be connected to a donor,
a venous blood return connection adapted to be connected to the donor,
a leukocyte separating and retaining filter interposed in series with said connections and in fluid communication therewith for extracting leukocytes from blood passing therethrough.
a permanently vented receptacle in continuous communication with the atmosphere interposed in series between said filter and said return connection and in fluid communication therewith.
fixedly mounted detachable supporting members for said filter and said vented receptacle. and
power driven pump means upstream of said receptacle for continuously delivering blood from said supply connection to and through said filter and to said vented receptacle.
2. The combination defined in claim 1 in which said last mentioned means includes members for impelling said blood under constant positive air pressure.
3. The combination defined in claim I in which said last mentioned means includes a plurality of flexible receptacles for alternate receipt and delivery of blood from the donor. and pressure and vacuum applying means for activating said flexible receptacles. 4. The combination defined in claim 1 in which said last mentioned means includes a constant volume continuous impelling menber. 5. The combination defined in claim 4 in which said impelling member is a constant volume pump. 6. The combination defined in claim 5 in which said pump has a counter actuated thereby. 7. The combination defined in claim 1 in which said filter and said receptacle are interconnected and have supply and delivery connections to provide a replaceable unit for individual use by a donor. 8. A replaceable unit as defined in claim 7 in which said supply pipe has a plurality of flexible blood receiving receptacles interposed therein.

Claims (8)

1. Apparatus for filtration-leukopheresis comprising a venous blood supply connection adapted to be connected to a donor, a venous blood return connection adapted to be connected to the donor, a leukocyte separating and retaining filter interposed in series with said connections and in fluid communication therewith for extracting leukocytes from blood passing therethrough, a permanently vented receptacle in continuous communication with the atmosphere interposed in series between said filter and said return connection and in fluid communication therewith, fixedly mounted detachable supporting members for said filter and said vented receptacle, and power driven pump means upstream of said receptacle for continuously delivering blood from said supply connection to and through said filter and to said vented receptacle.
2. The combination defined in claim 1 in which said last mentioned means includes members for impelling said blood under constant positive air pressure.
3. The combination defined in claim 1 in which said last mentioned means includes a plurality of flexible receptacles for alternate receipt and delivery of blood from the donor, and pressure and vacuum applying means for activating said flexible receptacles.
4. The combination defined in claim 1 in which said last mentioned means includes a constant volume continuous impelling menber.
5. The combination defined in claim 4 in which said impelling member is a constant volume pump.
6. The combination defined in claim 5 in which said pump has a counter actuated thereby.
7. The combination defined in claim 1 in which said filter and said receptacle are interconnected and have supply and delivery connections to provide a replaceable unit for individual use by a donor.
8. A replaceable unit as defined in claim 7 in which said supply pipe has a plurality of flexible blood receiving receptacles interposed therein.
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Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4111199A (en) * 1977-03-31 1978-09-05 Isaac Djerassi Method of collecting transfusable granulocytes by gravity leukopheresis
US4151844A (en) * 1977-11-11 1979-05-01 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Method and apparatus for separating whole blood into its components and for automatically collecting one component
JPS54126716A (en) * 1978-03-20 1979-10-02 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Separation of platelet
DE2922957A1 (en) * 1979-06-06 1980-12-18 Mottaghy Khosrow METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CIRCULATING OR PUMPS OF ORGANIC-BIOLOGICAL LIQUIDS, ESPECIALLY BLOOD
EP0105845A1 (en) * 1982-01-20 1984-04-18 HAEMOTRONIC srl. Apparatus for pumping the blood in extracorporeal dialysis through an artificial kidney
US4612007A (en) * 1981-06-16 1986-09-16 Edelson Richard Leslie Method and system for externally treating the blood
US4613322A (en) * 1982-12-08 1986-09-23 Edelson Richard Leslie Method and system for externally treating the blood
US4684521A (en) * 1982-12-08 1987-08-04 Frederic A. Bourke, Jr. Method and system for externally treating the blood
US4683889A (en) * 1983-03-29 1987-08-04 Frederic A. Bourke, Jr. Method and system for externally treating the blood
EP0331174A1 (en) * 1988-03-03 1989-09-06 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Leukocyte separator and method of making the same
US4964848A (en) * 1988-06-27 1990-10-23 Bloom Philip M Treatment of multiple sclerosis with lymphocytapheresis and chemo-immunosuppression
US5348533A (en) * 1992-08-27 1994-09-20 Haemoentics Corporation Pheresis apparatus
US5403719A (en) * 1987-12-10 1995-04-04 Japan Immuno Research Laboratories Co., Ltd. Method for assessing prognosis of a patient undergoing therapy for cancer
US5418130A (en) * 1990-04-16 1995-05-23 Cryopharm Corporation Method of inactivation of viral and bacterial blood contaminants
US5451321A (en) * 1990-05-24 1995-09-19 Pall Corporation Venting system
US5472605A (en) * 1994-03-10 1995-12-05 Hemasure, Inc. Filtration device useable for removal of leukocytes and other blood components
US5545339A (en) * 1994-02-25 1996-08-13 Pall Corporation Method for processing biological fluid and treating separated component
US5616254A (en) * 1990-11-06 1997-04-01 Pall Corporation System and method for processing biological fluid
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US9782707B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2017-10-10 Fenwal, Inc. Biological fluid filters having flexible walls and methods for making such filters
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US5690815A (en) * 1992-07-13 1997-11-25 Pall Corporation Automated system for processing biological fluid
US6322709B1 (en) 1992-07-13 2001-11-27 Pall Corporation Automated method for processing biological fluid
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US5545339A (en) * 1994-02-25 1996-08-13 Pall Corporation Method for processing biological fluid and treating separated component
US5738796A (en) * 1994-02-25 1998-04-14 Pall Corporation Method for separating components from a biological fluid
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US6010633A (en) * 1997-03-06 2000-01-04 Hemasure Inc. Method of preventing air from becoming entrapped within a filtration device
US5879318A (en) * 1997-08-18 1999-03-09 Npbi International B.V. Method of and closed system for collecting and processing umbilical cord blood
US7501059B2 (en) * 1998-03-20 2009-03-10 Hemerus Medical Llc Biological fluid filtration method and apparatus
US8057670B2 (en) * 1998-03-20 2011-11-15 Hemerus Medical, Llc Biological fluid filtration system and biological filter used therein
US20050087486A1 (en) * 1998-03-20 2005-04-28 Majid Zia Biological fluid filtration method and apparatus
US6171493B1 (en) 1998-03-20 2001-01-09 Lexion Medical Biological fluid filtration apparatus
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EP2133087A2 (en) 2003-09-30 2009-12-16 Lifeforce Immune System Bank PLC Cell bank for contingent autologous leukocyte transplantation
US20070119780A1 (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-05-31 Hemerus Medical, Llc Prechargable fluid filtration method and apparatus
US20140072954A1 (en) * 2011-04-11 2014-03-13 Kaneka Corporation Mononuclear cell preparation material and mononuclear cell preparation method using same
US9782707B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2017-10-10 Fenwal, Inc. Biological fluid filters having flexible walls and methods for making such filters
US9796166B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2017-10-24 Fenwal, Inc. Flexible biological fluid filters
US9968738B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2018-05-15 Fenwal, Inc. Biological fluid filters with molded frame and methods for making such filters
US10159778B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2018-12-25 Fenwal, Inc. Biological fluid filters having flexible walls and methods for making such filters
US10183475B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2019-01-22 Fenwal, Inc. Flexible biological fluid filters
US10343093B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2019-07-09 Fenwal, Inc. Biological fluid filters having flexible walls and methods for making such filters
US10376627B2 (en) 2014-03-24 2019-08-13 Fenwal, Inc. Flexible biological fluid filters

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