JPS6237008B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6237008B2
JPS6237008B2 JP53031055A JP3105578A JPS6237008B2 JP S6237008 B2 JPS6237008 B2 JP S6237008B2 JP 53031055 A JP53031055 A JP 53031055A JP 3105578 A JP3105578 A JP 3105578A JP S6237008 B2 JPS6237008 B2 JP S6237008B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
blood
platelets
filter
platelet
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP53031055A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS54126716A (en
Inventor
Yoshinori Takenaka
Nobuaki Tsuda
Tooru Kuroda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Priority to JP3105578A priority Critical patent/JPS54126716A/en
Publication of JPS54126716A publication Critical patent/JPS54126716A/en
Publication of JPS6237008B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6237008B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、血液または抗凝固剤を加えた血液か
ら、血小板を純度、収率良く、簡単な操作で短時
間に分離する方法に関するものである。さらに詳
しく述べると、血液をまず血小板捕捉フイルター
に通し、血小板と一部の赤血球および白血球をフ
イルター内に捕捉させたのち、そのうちの血小板
を回収する血小板の分離方法である。 近年、白血病をはじめとする悪性腫瘍の治療に
強力な化学療法剤が使われ、このものの骨髄抑制
作用による、患者の血小板数減少や出血が問題と
なつている。血小板輸血が、このような血小板数
減少による出血のある種のものに対して有効であ
ることは、各地の医療施設において証明されてい
るものの、血小板を多量輸血する必要があること
に加えて、血小板の寿命が著しく短いことや、血
液から血小板を分離することが困難なため、血小
板輸血を行うことができない医療施設も多い。 現在行われている血小板分離法としては、血液
を遠心分離して、上層の血小板を多く含む血漿部
分、すなわち血小板浮遊液を採取することが行わ
れているが、血液によつて遠心の回転数と時間を
適当に調節しなければ血小板含有量が少ないもの
しか得られず、また大量の血液を処理するのが困
難な場合もある。また、この液は血漿を多量含ん
でおり、輸血量が制限される。このため一部の施
設ではこの液をさらに遠心分離し、血小板濃縮液
をつくつているが、この方法は血小板が集塊形成
を起しやすく、このため輸血時に輸血フイルター
にひつかかり、患者の血液中に入る血小板が減少
するという問題が生じている。 また最近、血液を提供者から連続的にとり出
し、これを連続的に遠心分離して血小板浮遊液や
血小板濃縮液をとり、残りの血液成分は提供者に
返すという、連続成分採血装置が市販されている
が、これも提供者により血球の比重などが若干異
るため、提供者によつては血小板がうまくとれな
いことがあり、また操作も煩雑である。 そこで本発明者らは、多量の血液から簡単な操
作で、短時間に血小板を収率良く分離する方法を
鋭意検討した結果、本発明を完成させるにいたつ
た。すなわちこの発明は、血小板捕捉フイルター
に血液を流し、フイルター内に血小板を捕捉させ
たのち、ただちに生理食塩水などの生理的溶液を
上記フイルターに流して血小板を回収する血小板
の分離方法である。 本発明に用いる血液は、ヘパリン、ACD、
CPDなどの抗凝固剤を加えて凝固しないように
したものを用いるのが望ましい。 血小板がガラスなどの異物面に接触すると、こ
の表面に粘着し、さらに血小板同志が凝集して血
小板凝集塊をつくることは、従来よく知られた現
象である。血小板が凝集塊をつくる際、血小板は
形態が変化し、血小板第3因子やその他の血液凝
固因子やセロトニンなどを放出するので、このよ
うな血小板を輸血に用いても、輸血効果はあまり
期待できないといわれている。そこで我々は、損
傷の少ない血小板を得る方法を種々検討した結
果、血小板がフイルター内の物質に粘着したの
ち、ただちに生理食塩水などを流すと、比較的損
傷の少ない血小板浮遊液が得られることを発見
し、本発明を完成させた。 血小板の分離フイルターとしては、血液から血
小板を捕捉でき、フイルター内を洗浄することに
より損傷の少ない血小板が回収できるものであれ
ばよい。このフイルターとしては、カラムに血小
板を捕捉できる物質、たとえば繊維状物質や有機
高分子の粒子あるいは血小板が通過できる程度の
孔を持つ多孔体で血液を凝固させたり変性させた
りしないものをつめたものが用いられる。特に、
繊維状物質はカラムに多量つめることが可能であ
り好ましい。なかでも、ポリアクリロニトリル系
の合成繊維は、比較的血小板の回収率がよく、用
いるのが好ましい。しかし、他の合成繊維、半合
成繊維、天然繊維等も用いることができる。ここ
で繊維状物質とは、平均直径に比らべて長さがひ
じようい長いものをいう。また、平均直径Dと
は、そのものの重さをxg、長さをycm、密度を
ρg/cm3とすると、
The present invention relates to a method for separating platelets from blood or blood to which an anticoagulant has been added with high purity, high yield, and simple operations in a short time. More specifically, this is a platelet separation method in which blood is first passed through a platelet capture filter, platelets and some red blood cells and white blood cells are captured in the filter, and then the platelets are collected. In recent years, powerful chemotherapeutic agents have been used to treat malignant tumors such as leukemia, and their bone marrow suppressive effects have caused problems such as decreased platelet counts and bleeding in patients. Although it has been proven in medical facilities across the country that platelet transfusions are effective for certain types of bleeding caused by decreased platelet counts, in addition to the need to transfuse large amounts of platelets, Many medical facilities are unable to perform platelet transfusions due to the extremely short lifespan of platelets and the difficulty of separating platelets from blood. The current platelet separation method involves centrifuging blood and collecting the upper layer of plasma containing many platelets, that is, a platelet suspension. Unless the time period is adjusted appropriately, only a small amount of blood can be obtained, and it may be difficult to process a large amount of blood. Additionally, this fluid contains a large amount of plasma, which limits the amount of blood transfused. For this reason, some facilities further centrifuge this solution to create a platelet concentrate, but this method tends to cause platelets to form agglomerates, which can cause them to get stuck in the transfusion filter during transfusion, resulting in the blood being transferred to the patient. The problem is that the number of platelets that enter the body is reduced. Recently, a continuous component blood collection device has become available on the market, which continuously takes blood from a donor, centrifuges it continuously to obtain a platelet suspension or concentrate, and returns the remaining blood components to the donor. However, since the specific gravity of blood cells differs slightly depending on the donor, it may be difficult to collect platelets depending on the donor, and the operation is complicated. Therefore, the present inventors conducted intensive studies on a method for separating platelets from a large amount of blood with simple operations and in a short period of time with good yield, and as a result, they completed the present invention. That is, this invention is a platelet separation method in which blood is passed through a platelet capture filter to capture platelets within the filter, and then a physiological solution such as physiological saline is immediately passed through the filter to collect the platelets. The blood used in the present invention includes heparin, ACD,
It is preferable to use an anticoagulant such as CPD to prevent clotting. It is a well-known phenomenon that when platelets come into contact with a foreign surface such as glass, they adhere to this surface and further aggregate with each other to form platelet aggregates. When platelets form aggregates, the platelets change shape and release platelet factor 3, other blood coagulation factors, serotonin, etc., so even if such platelets are used for blood transfusion, we cannot expect much of a transfusion effect. It is said that. After investigating various ways to obtain platelets with less damage, we found that if the platelets adhere to the substance inside the filter and then immediately flushed with physiological saline, a platelet suspension with relatively less damage could be obtained. discovered this and completed the present invention. The platelet separation filter may be any filter that can capture platelets from blood and that can collect platelets with less damage by cleaning the inside of the filter. This filter is a column filled with a substance that can trap platelets, such as a fibrous substance, organic polymer particles, or a porous material with pores large enough for platelets to pass through, but that does not coagulate or denature the blood. is used. especially,
Fibrous substances are preferable because they can be packed in large amounts into columns. Among these, polyacrylonitrile-based synthetic fibers have a relatively high platelet recovery rate, and are therefore preferably used. However, other synthetic fibers, semi-synthetic fibers, natural fibers, etc. can also be used. Here, fibrous material refers to something that is longer in length than its average diameter. Also, the average diameter D is given by the weight of the object xg, the length ycm, and the density ρg/ cm3 .

【式】で定 義されるものをいう。一方、このようなフイルタ
ーでは、血液を通した際、血小板とともに白血球
が捕捉されることがあるので、血小板を回収する
ときにこの白血球が回収されないフイルターであ
ることが好ましい。このためには、たとえばフイ
ルターがカラムに繊維状物質をつめたものである
ときには、繊維同志の平均距離を15ミクロン以下
程度とし、血小板回収液をフイルターに通した
際、白血球がフイルター内に捕捉されたままにな
るようにすれば、上記の目的を達成することがで
きる。血小板は白血球よりも大きさ著しく小さい
ので、このようなフイルターでも十分回収するこ
とができる。 血小板回収液としては、生理的食塩水、リンゲ
ル液、乳酸リンゲル液、経静脈栄養輸液用総合ア
ミノ酸注射液などのタン白質を含まない生理的溶
液を用いることができる。アデノシンニリン酸や
カルシウムイオン、von Willebrand因子、フイ
ブリノーゲンなどの血小板粘着を促進する物質
は、血小板回収液には高濃度には加えないほうが
よい。血小板を回収したのちの液には血漿成分な
どを加えてもよい。本発明では、血小板が捕捉さ
れているフイルターに上記回収液を流す事によ
り、血小板を容易に回収できる。 本発明によつて血小板を得る際は、フイルター
内に血小板がとどまる時間をできるかぎり短くす
ることが望ましい。このため、血液をフイルター
に通したのち、ただちに回収液を流して血小板を
回収してやる。大量の血液から血小板を分離する
場合は、少量の血液をフイルターに通し、ただち
に回収液を流し、また少量の血液をフイルターに
流す、などの、血小板が長時間フイルター内に捕
捉されないように工夫をすることが望ましい。 本発明によれば、血液から血小板を短時間に収
率よく分離できるが、赤血球は少し混入する。こ
れは、フイルターに血液を流した時、赤血球がフ
イルター内に残存し、血小板を回収する時、赤血
球もフイルターから出てくるためであるが、フイ
ルター内の体積を100mlとし、血液を2000mlフイ
ルターに通した場合、回収される赤血球はおおよ
そ血液100mlであり、輸血するには、さほど問題
とはならない量である。 つぎに、本発明に用いる血小板の分離装置につ
いて説明する。第1図は、あらかじめ採血してお
いた血液から血小板を分離する装置の一例であ
る。図中1は血液を入れておく容器、2は血小板
回収液を入れる容器、3は液体を送るポンプ、4
は血小板分離フイルター、5はフイルターを通つ
た血液を入れる容器、6は血小板浮遊液を入れる
容器、7は液体を適切な場所に送るためのコツ
ク、8は液体が通る管である。容器1中の血液
は、ポンプ3によつてフイルター4を通り、容器
5に入る。つぎに、容器2中の血小板回収液がポ
ンプ3によつてフイルター4に送られ、血小板浮
遊液となつて容器6に入る。ポンプやフイルタ
ー、コツクの位置などは、本発明の血小板分離方
法が実施できる範囲で適当に変えることができ
る。また、液を送るのに、ポンプを用いず、重力
によつて送ることも可能である。 第2図は、提供者から直接血小板を分離するた
めの装置の一例である。提供者からの血液は、静
脈血提供接続部9を通つてポンプ3によつてフイ
ルター4に送られ、大気開放口をもつた容器11
で泡を除いた後、返却接続部10を経て提供者に
もどる。つぎに、容器2および6のコツクを開
き、容器2中の血小板回収液をフイルター4に送
り、血小板浮遊液を容器6に得る。なお、ヘパリ
ンなどの抗凝固剤は、提供者にあらかじめ与えて
おいてもよいが、第2図の回路中でヘパリンなど
を血液に加えるようにしてもよい。また、フイル
ター4を出た血液を返却接続部10に送るため
の、第2のポンプを、第2図に示した装置中に設
けることができる。この第2のポンプを設けるか
わりに、重力によつて血液を反却接続部10へ送
るように装置を工夫してもよい。 このようにして得た血小板は、比較的損傷が少
なく、赤血球やリンパ球、顆粒球の混入も少な
い。また、これを得るための操作も非常に簡単で
ある。 以上のように、本発明によつて血液から血小板
を容易に、また無菌的に分離することができ、各
種の医療施設において容易に血小板輸血が行える
ものである。 実施例 1 0.6デニールの長さ4cmから7cmのポリアクリ
ロニトリル系合成繊維を、直径2cm、長さ10cmの
カラムに2.5gつめた血小板分離フイルターを用
い、第1図に示した方法により、ヘパリンを2000
単位加えた健康人の新鮮な血液200mlから血小板
浮遊液を得た。 すなわち、容器1に入れた上記血液200mlを、
ポンプ3で血小板分離フイルター4に10ml/min
の流速で通し、その後ただちに、ヘパリンを1000
単位含む生理食塩水100mlを10ml/minの流速で
フイルターに通し、血小板浮遊液100mlを得た。
この液には、血小板はもとの血液の68%、赤血球
は16%、リンパ球は4%、顆粒球はもとの6%含
まれていた。 実施例 2 0.6デニールで、長さが5cmから7cmのポリア
クリロニトリル系合成繊維を、直径1cm、長さ10
cmのカラムに0.668gつめた血小板分離フイルタ
ーを用い、第1図に示した方法により、ヘパリン
を2000単位加えた健康人の新鮮な血液200mlから
血小板浮遊液を得た。 すなわち、容器1にいれた上記血液200mlを、
ポンプ3で上記血小板分離フイルター4に10ml/
minの流速で通し、その後ただちに、ヘパリンを
1000単位含む生理食塩水100mlをフイルターに10
ml/minの流速で流して血小板浮遊液100mlを得
た。この液には、血小板はもとの血液の64%、赤
血球はもとの4.5%、リンパ球はもとの5%、顆
粒球はもとの6%含まれていた。 実施例 3 0.4デニールで長さが5cmから7cmのポリアク
ロニトリル系合成繊維を、直径0.8cm、長さ10cm
のカラムに0.628gつめた血小板分離フイルター
を用い、第1図に示した方法により、ヘパリンを
2000単位加えた健康人の新鮮な血液200mlから血
小板浮遊液を得た。 すなわち、容器1に入れた上記血液200mlの血
液を、ポンプ3で血小板分離フイルター4に10
ml/minの流速で通し、その後ただちに、ヘパリ
ンを1000単位含む生理食塩水100mlをフイルター
に10ml/minの流速で流し、血小板浮遊液100ml
を得た。この液には、血小板はもとの血液の69
%、赤血球はもとの2.8%、リンパ球はもとの3
%、顆粒球はもとの4%含まれていた。
It means what is defined by [Formula]. On the other hand, in such a filter, white blood cells may be captured together with platelets when blood is passed through the filter, so it is preferable that the filter is such that white blood cells are not collected when platelets are collected. For this purpose, for example, if the filter is a column filled with fibrous material, the average distance between the fibers should be about 15 microns or less, so that when the platelet collection solution is passed through the filter, white blood cells are captured within the filter. If you let it stay as it is, you can achieve the above purpose. Since platelets are significantly smaller in size than white blood cells, they can be adequately collected using such a filter. As the platelet collection solution, a physiological solution that does not contain protein can be used, such as physiological saline, Ringer's solution, lactated Ringer's solution, and comprehensive amino acid injection for parenteral nutrition. Substances that promote platelet adhesion, such as adenosine diphosphate, calcium ions, von Willebrand factor, and fibrinogen, should not be added to platelet collection solutions at high concentrations. Plasma components or the like may be added to the solution after platelets are collected. In the present invention, platelets can be easily recovered by flowing the recovery liquid through a filter in which platelets are captured. When obtaining platelets according to the present invention, it is desirable that the time the platelets remain in the filter is as short as possible. For this reason, after the blood has passed through the filter, the collection fluid is immediately run through to collect the platelets. When separating platelets from a large amount of blood, take measures to prevent platelets from being trapped in the filter for a long time, such as passing a small amount of blood through the filter, immediately draining the collection solution, and then passing the small amount of blood through the filter. It is desirable to do so. According to the present invention, platelets can be separated from blood in a short time and with high yield, but some red blood cells are mixed in. This is because when blood flows through the filter, red blood cells remain in the filter, and when platelets are collected, red blood cells also come out of the filter.The volume inside the filter is set to 100ml, and the blood is transferred to a 2000ml filter. When transfused, the amount of red blood cells recovered is approximately 100 ml of blood, which is not a significant amount for transfusion. Next, the platelet separation device used in the present invention will be explained. FIG. 1 is an example of an apparatus for separating platelets from pre-collected blood. In the figure, 1 is a container to hold blood, 2 is a container to hold platelet collection liquid, 3 is a pump to send the liquid, and 4
5 is a platelet separation filter, 5 is a container to hold the blood that has passed through the filter, 6 is a container to hold the platelet suspension, 7 is a container for sending the liquid to an appropriate location, and 8 is a tube through which the liquid passes. Blood in container 1 passes through filter 4 by pump 3 and enters container 5. Next, the platelet recovery liquid in the container 2 is sent to the filter 4 by the pump 3, and enters the container 6 as a platelet suspension. The positions of the pump, filter, filter, etc. can be changed as appropriate as long as the platelet separation method of the present invention can be carried out. It is also possible to send the liquid by gravity without using a pump. FIG. 2 is an example of an apparatus for separating platelets directly from a donor. Blood from the donor is sent to the filter 4 by the pump 3 through the venous blood donation connection 9 and into a container 11 with an opening to the atmosphere.
After removing bubbles, the product returns to the provider via the return connection section 10. Next, the caps of containers 2 and 6 are opened, and the platelet collection liquid in container 2 is sent to filter 4 to obtain a platelet suspension in container 6. Note that an anticoagulant such as heparin may be given to the donor in advance, or heparin or the like may be added to the blood in the circuit shown in FIG. Also, a second pump can be provided in the device shown in FIG. 2 for conveying the blood leaving the filter 4 to the return connection 10. Instead of providing this second pump, the device may be devised so that blood is pumped to the repulsion connection 10 by gravity. The platelets obtained in this way are relatively less damaged and contain less contamination with red blood cells, lymphocytes, and granulocytes. Moreover, the operation to obtain this is also very simple. As described above, according to the present invention, platelets can be easily and aseptically separated from blood, and platelet transfusions can be easily performed in various medical facilities. Example 1 Using a platelet separation filter in which 2.5 g of polyacrylonitrile synthetic fiber with a length of 4 cm to 7 cm of 0.6 denier was packed into a column with a diameter of 2 cm and a length of 10 cm, 2000 ml of heparin was collected by the method shown in Figure 1.
A platelet suspension was obtained from 200 ml of fresh blood from a healthy person. That is, 200ml of the above blood placed in container 1,
10ml/min to platelet separation filter 4 with pump 3
Immediately add heparin at a flow rate of 1000
100 ml of physiological saline containing the unit was passed through the filter at a flow rate of 10 ml/min to obtain 100 ml of platelet suspension.
This fluid contained 68% of the original blood platelets, 16% of the red blood cells, 4% of the lymphocytes, and 6% of the granulocytes. Example 2 0.6 denier polyacrylonitrile synthetic fiber with a length of 5 cm to 7 cm, a diameter of 1 cm and a length of 10
A platelet suspension was obtained from 200 ml of fresh blood from a healthy person to which 2000 units of heparin had been added, using a platelet separation filter packed with 0.668 g in a 2.0 cm column and using the method shown in Figure 1. That is, 200ml of the above blood in container 1,
Pump 3 pumps 10ml/10ml to the above platelet separation filter 4.
Heparin is applied immediately after passing at a flow rate of min.
100ml of physiological saline containing 1000 units into the filter
Flowed at a flow rate of ml/min to obtain 100 ml of platelet suspension. This fluid contained 64% of the original blood platelets, 4.5% of the red blood cells, 5% of the lymphocytes, and 6% of the granulocytes. Example 3 0.4 denier polyacronitrile synthetic fiber with a length of 5 cm to 7 cm, a diameter of 0.8 cm and a length of 10 cm.
Using a platelet separation filter packed with 0.628g in a column, heparin was added using the method shown in Figure 1.
A platelet suspension was obtained from 200 ml of fresh blood from a healthy person to which 2000 units were added. That is, 200 ml of the blood in container 1 is transferred to platelet separation filter 4 using pump 3.
Immediately after that, 100 ml of physiological saline containing 1000 units of heparin was passed through the filter at a flow rate of 10 ml/min, and 100 ml of platelet suspension was added.
I got it. This fluid contains platelets, which are 69% of the original blood.
%, red blood cells are 2.8% of the original, lymphocytes are 3% of the original
%, and granulocytes contained 4% of the original.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図、第2図は、いずれも本発明の方法を実
施するための装置の例を示す概略図である。 3……ポンプ、4……血小板分離フイルター、
9……静脈血提供接続部、10……静脈血返却接
続部、11……大気開放口をもつた容器。
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are both schematic diagrams showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention. 3... Pump, 4... Platelet separation filter,
9... Venous blood supply connection part, 10... Venous blood return connection part, 11... Container with an opening for opening to the atmosphere.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 血液または抗凝固剤を加えた血液を、カラム
に血小板を捕捉できる物質をつめたフイルターに
通し、その後ただちに上記フイルターに生理的溶
液からなる血小板回収液を流して血小板を回収す
ることを特徴とする血小板の分離方法。
1 Blood or blood to which an anticoagulant has been added is passed through a filter whose column is filled with a substance capable of capturing platelets, and then a platelet collection solution consisting of a physiological solution is immediately poured through the filter to collect platelets. A method for isolating platelets.
JP3105578A 1978-03-20 1978-03-20 Separation of platelet Granted JPS54126716A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3105578A JPS54126716A (en) 1978-03-20 1978-03-20 Separation of platelet

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3105578A JPS54126716A (en) 1978-03-20 1978-03-20 Separation of platelet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS54126716A JPS54126716A (en) 1979-10-02
JPS6237008B2 true JPS6237008B2 (en) 1987-08-10

Family

ID=12320790

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3105578A Granted JPS54126716A (en) 1978-03-20 1978-03-20 Separation of platelet

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS54126716A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7917145B2 (en) 1992-11-02 2011-03-29 Broadcom Corporation Radio frequency local area network

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6139878A (en) * 1998-04-27 2000-10-31 Aventis Behring, Llc Method for preparing a diafiltered stabilized blood product
JP2005336080A (en) * 2004-05-26 2005-12-08 Asahi Kasei Medical Co Ltd Method and system for separating and collecting cell for therapeutic angiogenesis

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3892236A (en) * 1973-04-02 1975-07-01 Isaac Djerassi Apparatus for filtration-leukopheresis for separation and concentration of human granulocytes
US4073723A (en) * 1976-11-15 1978-02-14 Swank Roy L Anti-coagulating and filtering blood

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3892236A (en) * 1973-04-02 1975-07-01 Isaac Djerassi Apparatus for filtration-leukopheresis for separation and concentration of human granulocytes
US4073723A (en) * 1976-11-15 1978-02-14 Swank Roy L Anti-coagulating and filtering blood

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7917145B2 (en) 1992-11-02 2011-03-29 Broadcom Corporation Radio frequency local area network

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS54126716A (en) 1979-10-02

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