US3891855A - High energy electron irradiation of flowable materials - Google Patents

High energy electron irradiation of flowable materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3891855A
US3891855A US419543A US41954373A US3891855A US 3891855 A US3891855 A US 3891855A US 419543 A US419543 A US 419543A US 41954373 A US41954373 A US 41954373A US 3891855 A US3891855 A US 3891855A
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United States
Prior art keywords
container
funnel
box
irradiated
product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US419543A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bernd Peter Offermann
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Telefunken Systemtechnik AG
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority to US05/578,251 priority Critical patent/US3988588A/en
Priority to US05/578,252 priority patent/US3974391A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3891855A publication Critical patent/US3891855A/en
Assigned to TELEFUNKEN SYSTEMTECHNIK GMBH reassignment TELEFUNKEN SYSTEMTECHNIK GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: LICENTIA PATENT-VERWALTUNGS-GMBH
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J33/00—Discharge tubes with provision for emergence of electrons or ions from the vessel; Lenard tubes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K5/00—Irradiation devices
    • G21K5/04—Irradiation devices with beam-forming means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the irradiation with high energy electrons of flowable material in a hollow body, the flowable material being in the form of granules, powders, or more or less viscous liquids.
  • US. Pat. No. 3,133,828 discloses a paint spraying device for automobile bodies in which the automobile bodies are on a conveyor belt and initially pass through a spray chamber and then a heating chamber. The paint sprayed onto the bodies is irradiated with electrons before the spraying process.
  • a Van de Graaf generator is provided which includes an electrostatic transmission generator and an acceleration tube.
  • the acceleration tube opens into a magnetic deflection system which is in mechanically fixed connection with a so-called scanning horn.
  • the electrons exit through the exit window of the scanning horn and impinge on a tube which is flattened in the irradiation region and which mechanically connects a paint reservoir with the spray nozzles disposed in the spray chamber.
  • the entire device results in the paint liquid being irradiated with electrons only very shortly before application to the automobile bodies while it flows through the flattened tube.
  • Another object of the invention is to permit a high material output to be achieved in a system which is as compact as possible.
  • a hollow body in a box or container, which serves as a collector for the product to be irradiated and by providing a mechanical arrangement which causes the product to be irradiated to flow out of the box via the inner or outer walls of the hollow body and delivers the irradiated product to a container, which may be the box or an additional container.
  • An irradiation device is disposed within or outside of the hollow body for irradiating the product whilel while flows along the walls of the hollow body.
  • the hollow body is a funnel disposed in a box so that the top of the funnel is lower than the top of the box.
  • the bottom of the funnel is provided with an exit opening and is mechanically permanently connected with a discharge pipe passing through the bottom wall of the box in a liquid-tight manner.
  • the box is connected, via a pipeline and a pump, with a reservoir containing the product to be irradiated and the pump pumps exactly the right amount of product into the box so that the product runs down the inner surface of the funnel walls in a continuous, uniform stream.
  • a hollow body is mounted to be rotated about its vertical axis and is disposed in a box so that the tip of this hollow body is lower than the upper extremity of the side LII walls of the box.
  • the box is connected with a discharge pipe and the hollow body is connected in the region of its bottom with an input pipe which passes through the bottom wall of the box in a liquid-tight manner.
  • the product to be irradiated can be fed to the hollow body via the input pipe and, due to the centrifugal forces produced by the rotation of the hollow body, the product to be irradiated flows up the inner walls of the hollow body and pases over the upper edge of the hollow body into the box.
  • the rotatable hollow body may be of conical or cylindrical form. In the case of a conical, or funnel-shaped body, its walls diverge upwardly, i.e., its large diameter base is toward the top.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention is one in which the hollow body is a double walled funnel or cylinder which is permanently mounted in a box.
  • the box has a discharge pipe and a pump pumps the product to be irradiated through a pipeline into the hollow chamber formed between the two walls of the funnel or cylinder to flow from top to bottom, or vice versa.
  • a funnel which is arranged in a box with its tip, or small diameter end, pointing upward and in which the product to be irradiated can be pumped through the interior of the funnel from the bottom to the top, passes out of the funnel top opening, and is irradiated with the aid of an irradiation device while it flows down the outer walls of the funnel.
  • use ismade of an irradiation device having either a circular, rectangular or linear electron discharge window.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that, due to the simple, compact and space-saving construction of the irradiation devices, these devices can be shielded relatively easily and provide simple and dependable product guidance.
  • a further advantage is that it permits the material to be processed at a high volume flow rate.
  • the use of an irradiation device having a circular, annular electron exit window will result in about three times the electron beam exit output with the same space requirement as when an irradiating device with a rectangular or linear exit window is used.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of one preferred embodiment of the invention employing a funnel-type device permanently mounted in a box and an irradiating device having a circular, annular electron discharge window.
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to that of FIG. I of an embodiment employing a funnel-shaped device rotatably arranged in a box and an irradiating device having a circular, annular electron discharge window.
  • FIG. 3 is a similar view of a portion of a further embodiment employing the rotatable funnel of the type shown in FIG. 2 and an irradiation device which has a rectangular or linear electron discharge window.
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to that of FIG. I of an embodiment employing a double-walled funnel-device permanently mounted in a box and an irradiating device having a circular, annular electron discharge window.-
  • FIG. 5 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of an embodiment employing a funnel-type device being open at both ends and having its smaller-diameter opening directed upwardly permanently mounted in a box and an irradiating device having a circular, annular electron discharge window.
  • a funnel-shaped, or conical, hollow body 1 is mechanically, fixedly and permanently mounted in a box, or container 2.
  • the neck of the funnel defined by the hollow body has an opening and is mechanically permanently connected with a discharge pipe 3, which passes through the bottom 4 of box 2 in a sealed liquid-tight manner.
  • a pipe 5 which is connected via a pump 6 with a reservoir (not shown) for the product 7 to be irradiated opens into the lower region of box 2.
  • the product 7 may be a liquid, a granulate, a powder, or a more or less highly viscous, still flowable medium.
  • the liquid level in box 2 is kept constant, i.e., pump 6 pumps exactly the right amount of product 7 from the reservoir into the box 2 so that the product 7 flows down the inside surface 8 of funnel I as a continuous stream having the form of a sheet of uniform thickness.
  • a further pump 9 is provided in the discharge pipe 3.
  • the dis' charge pipe 3 may lead either to the box 2 which serves as the reservoir or to an additional container. In the first case a simple mass of material would be irradiated a plurality of times.
  • the irradiation device 10 is only suitable for low electron beam outputs, because in this way the whole material can be completely irradiated.
  • the irradiated material can be conveyed away from the treatment apparatus with the aid of a further pipe, which is connected via a chock with the discharge pipe 3 (not shown)
  • the product 7 is irradiated with the aid of an irradiation device while it flows down the inside 8 of funnel l.
  • the irradiation device 10 may be an electron deflector horn which is suitable for high electron beam outputs.
  • the electron deflector horn has an electron accelerator 11 including an electron source and an electron deflection system 12 which, by means of superimposed magnetic and/or electric fields, directs the electrons to an electron discharge window 13 which separates the vacuum chamber of the electron accelerator from the ambient atmospheric pressure.
  • the electron discharge window 13 is designed in the form of a circular ring, or annulus, and is mechanically fastened to the electron horn without the aid of auxiliary supports.
  • a funnel 14 is disposed in a box 15 and is mounted to be rotatable about its vertical axis.
  • the neck of the funnel 14 has an opening and is mechanically permanently connected with a tubular support 16.
  • the tubular support 16 is rotatably mounted in an input pipe 18 with the aid of a liquid-tight joint 17.
  • the tubular support 16 passing through the bottom 19 of box I5 is a liquid-tight man ner.
  • a drive wheel 20 is fastened to the tubular support 16 preferably outside of box 15 and is driven via gear 21 by a motor 22.
  • the drive wheel 20 may be an outwardly toothed ring of teeth and the gear 21 may be a pinion permanently disposed on the shaft of motor 22.
  • the wheel 20 can be fastened to the tubular support 16 with the aid of screws or feather keys and grooves.
  • the liquid-tight joint 17 can have a thrust ball bearing, which is lateral conducted and sealed
  • the drive system constituted by motor 22, gear 21 and drive wheel 20 causes funnel 14 to undergo a constant speed rotation about its vertical axis.
  • a product 7 is fed into the bottom of the funnel via input pipe 18 and tubular support 16 by means of a pump 23 which is disposed in line with pipe 18. Due to the centrifugal forces produced by the rotation of funnel 14, the product 7 rises on the inner walls of the funnel, passes over the upper edge of the funnel and then enters into box 15 proper.
  • the irradiation takes place as the product 7 is rising along the funnel wall and is effected by an irradiation device 10 which has an electron exit window 13 in the form of a circular ring and which is identical to the irradiation device of FIG. 1.
  • an irradiation device 10 which has an electron exit window 13 in the form of a circular ring and which is identical to the irradiation device of FIG. 1.
  • the latter is mechanically permanently connected with a discharge pipe 25 which is in line with a pump 26, in order to produce uniform outflow of product 7.
  • an irradiation device 27 with a rectangular or linear electron exit window 28, as shown in FIG. 3 can be used.
  • These windows are made as thin as possible and have a large area so that as little energy as possible of the electrons exiting through the window is absorbed by the window itself.
  • the design of the window is mainly dependent on the material properties, particularly the tensile strength, of the window materials employed. The materials employed are predominantly thin light metal foils.
  • the hollow bodies in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 may be cylindrical bodies instead of the funnels shown. It is also possible to convey the product through a double walled hollow body, e.g., a funnel or cylinder, from the bottom to the top or from the top to the bottom by means of a pump.
  • a double walled hollow body e.g., a funnel or cylinder
  • a funnel-shaped, or conical, double-walled hollow body 29 is mechanically, fixedly and permanently mounted in a box or container 30.
  • the outer body portion 31 and the inner body portion 32 are connected to one another by webs 33. They form a conical cavity 34.
  • the neck of the outer body portion 31 has an opening and is mechanically permanently connected with a discharge pipe 35, which passes through the bottom 36 of box 30 in a sealed liquidtight manner.
  • a pipe 37 which is connected via a pump 38 with a reservior (not shown) for the product 7 to be irradiated opens into the lower region of box 30.
  • pump 38 pumps exactly the right amount of product 7 from the reservoir into the box 30 so that the product 7 flows down through the cavity 34 of the double-walled hollow body 29 as a continuous stream having the form of a sheet of uniform thickness.
  • a further pump 39 is provided in the discharge pipe 35. It is also possible to pump the product 7 to be irradiated with the aid of pump 39 via pipe 35 in the cavity 34 of the doublewalled hollow body 29. In this case pump 38 pumps the irradiated product 7 via pipe 37 out of box 30.
  • the product 7 is irradiated in the superior region of the double-walled hollow body 29 with the aid of an irradiation device 10 while it flows through the cavity 34.
  • the irradiation device may be an electron deflector horn which has an electron accelerator 11 including an electron source, an electron deflection system 12 and an electron discharge window 13 which separates the vacuum chamber of the electron accelerator from the ambient atmospheric pressure.
  • the inner body portion 32 of the hollow body 29 is shorter than the outer body portion 31 so that the electron discharge window 13 can be arranged in the superior region of a funnel, which is formed by the outer portion 3].
  • a hollow conical body 40 is disposed in a container 41.
  • the body 40 being open at both ends and having its smallerdiameter opening directed upwardly.
  • the product 7 to be irradiated is pumped with the aid of a pump 42 via a pipe 43 which passes through the bottom 44 of container 41 in a sealed liquid-tight manner into the cavity of body 40. It moves upwardly, overflows the upper end of body 40 and flows down the outer wall surface of said body.
  • the product 7 is irradiated by an irradiation device 10 while it flows down the outer wall surface of the hollow conical body 40.
  • the irradiation device 10 has an electron accelerator 11 including an electron source, an electron deflecting system 12 and an electron discharge window 13.
  • the irradiated product 7 flows in the container 41, which is connected via a discharge pipe 46 and a pump 45 with a reservoir (not shown). Pipe 46 is arranged in the lower region of container 41.
  • the circular, annular electron discharge windows of the applied irradiation devices in the above described embodiments of the invention have a medium diameter of nearly 1 m.
  • the dimensions of the applied funnels effect a volume flow rate of the material being irradiated of about 30 m3/h. By this volume flow rate the rotatable funnel 14 in FIG. 2 runs with nearly 200 rpm.
  • Apparatus for irradiating a flowable material with high energy electrons comprising, in combination: a container for holding a quantity of such material; a funnel-shaped hollow body disposed in said container with the small diameter opening of said body directed downwardly and the upper extremity of said body at a lower elevation than the top of said container; outlet conduit means connected to the small diameter opening of said body for receiving material from the region enclosed by said body, said conduit passing through the bottom of said container in a liquid-tight manner; inlet conduit means connecting the interior of said container with a source of material to be irradiated; material delivery means connected in said inlet conduit means for delivering such material to the interior of said container at a predetermined rate selected for causing material filling said container to overflow the upper extremity of said body and to flow down the inner wall surface of said body as a continuous, uniform stream; and irradiation means disposed for irradiating such material with high energy electrons as the material flows down said inner wall surface of said body.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US419543A 1972-11-29 1973-11-28 High energy electron irradiation of flowable materials Expired - Lifetime US3891855A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/578,251 US3988588A (en) 1972-11-29 1975-05-16 High energy electron irradiation of flowable materials
US05/578,252 US3974391A (en) 1972-11-29 1975-05-16 High energy electron irradiation of flowable materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2258393 1972-11-29

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/578,251 Division US3988588A (en) 1972-11-29 1975-05-16 High energy electron irradiation of flowable materials
US05/578,252 Division US3974391A (en) 1972-11-29 1975-05-16 High energy electron irradiation of flowable materials

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US3891855A true US3891855A (en) 1975-06-24

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US419543A Expired - Lifetime US3891855A (en) 1972-11-29 1973-11-28 High energy electron irradiation of flowable materials

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US (1) US3891855A (de)
AT (1) AT337661B (de)
CH (1) CH571264A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2258393B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2213563B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1448131A (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3974391A (en) * 1972-11-29 1976-08-10 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-G.M.B.H. High energy electron irradiation of flowable materials
US4012639A (en) * 1975-09-15 1977-03-15 Robert Matveevich Besprozvanny Method of producing mineral binder and apparatus embodying same
US4021393A (en) * 1975-10-14 1977-05-03 Mcdonald Charles H Method and composition for surfacing and repairing broken pavements with an elastomeric material having improved flexing properties at freezing temperatures without any significant loss of viscosity at high application temperatures
US4048504A (en) * 1974-12-23 1977-09-13 Sulzer Brothers Limited Method and apparatus for treating flowable material
US5072124A (en) * 1989-09-22 1991-12-10 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Disinfector system for disinfecting water by electron beam
US5807491A (en) * 1996-08-29 1998-09-15 Advanced Oxidation Systems, Inc. Electron beam process and apparatus for the treatment of an organically contaminated inorganic liquid or gas
WO2001062671A1 (fr) * 2000-02-25 2001-08-30 Ebara Corporation Procede et appareil permettant d'appliquer un rayonnement electromagnetique a un liquide
US6756597B2 (en) 2000-12-04 2004-06-29 Advanced Electron Beams, Inc. Fluid sterilization apparatus
DE102021130776A1 (de) 2021-11-24 2023-05-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Vorrichtung und verfahren zur behandlung von flüssigkeit

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4230947A (en) * 1979-07-02 1980-10-28 High Voltage Engineering Corporation Apparatus for treating flowable material
DE4019620A1 (de) * 1990-06-20 1992-01-02 Adatomed Pharma & Med Verfahren und vorrichtung zur sterilisation von implantaten

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2291574A (en) * 1938-08-12 1942-07-28 Jasco Inc Method for the chlorination of polymeric compounds
US2340890A (en) * 1941-02-25 1944-02-08 Lang Alphonse Method and apparatus for sterilizing, preserving, and irradiating of various liquid substances
US2608660A (en) * 1950-06-13 1952-08-26 Heyden Chemical Corp Apparatus for halogenation
US2669661A (en) * 1949-11-29 1954-02-16 Arf Products Apparatus for treating water
US2907704A (en) * 1957-07-19 1959-10-06 High Voltage Engineering Corp Electron irradiation
US2921006A (en) * 1952-06-03 1960-01-12 Gen Electric Polymerization with high energy electrons

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2291574A (en) * 1938-08-12 1942-07-28 Jasco Inc Method for the chlorination of polymeric compounds
US2340890A (en) * 1941-02-25 1944-02-08 Lang Alphonse Method and apparatus for sterilizing, preserving, and irradiating of various liquid substances
US2669661A (en) * 1949-11-29 1954-02-16 Arf Products Apparatus for treating water
US2608660A (en) * 1950-06-13 1952-08-26 Heyden Chemical Corp Apparatus for halogenation
US2921006A (en) * 1952-06-03 1960-01-12 Gen Electric Polymerization with high energy electrons
US2907704A (en) * 1957-07-19 1959-10-06 High Voltage Engineering Corp Electron irradiation

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3974391A (en) * 1972-11-29 1976-08-10 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-G.M.B.H. High energy electron irradiation of flowable materials
US4048504A (en) * 1974-12-23 1977-09-13 Sulzer Brothers Limited Method and apparatus for treating flowable material
US4012639A (en) * 1975-09-15 1977-03-15 Robert Matveevich Besprozvanny Method of producing mineral binder and apparatus embodying same
US4021393A (en) * 1975-10-14 1977-05-03 Mcdonald Charles H Method and composition for surfacing and repairing broken pavements with an elastomeric material having improved flexing properties at freezing temperatures without any significant loss of viscosity at high application temperatures
US5072124A (en) * 1989-09-22 1991-12-10 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Disinfector system for disinfecting water by electron beam
US5807491A (en) * 1996-08-29 1998-09-15 Advanced Oxidation Systems, Inc. Electron beam process and apparatus for the treatment of an organically contaminated inorganic liquid or gas
WO2001062671A1 (fr) * 2000-02-25 2001-08-30 Ebara Corporation Procede et appareil permettant d'appliquer un rayonnement electromagnetique a un liquide
US6713771B2 (en) 2000-02-25 2004-03-30 Ebara Corporation Method and apparatus for electromagnetic irradiation of liquid
US6756597B2 (en) 2000-12-04 2004-06-29 Advanced Electron Beams, Inc. Fluid sterilization apparatus
DE102021130776A1 (de) 2021-11-24 2023-05-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Vorrichtung und verfahren zur behandlung von flüssigkeit
DE102021130776B4 (de) 2021-11-24 2023-09-07 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Vorrichtung und verfahren zur behandlung von flüssigkeit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2213563A1 (de) 1974-08-02
GB1448131A (en) 1976-09-02
CH571264A5 (de) 1975-12-31
DE2258393C2 (de) 1974-05-09
ATA966873A (de) 1976-11-15
DE2258393B1 (de) 1973-10-11
AT337661B (de) 1977-07-11
FR2213563B1 (de) 1977-03-04

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Owner name: TELEFUNKEN SYSTEMTECHNIK GMBH

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:LICENTIA PATENT-VERWALTUNGS-GMBH;REEL/FRAME:005771/0728

Effective date: 19910624