US3891738A - Method and apparatus for pressing particleboard - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for pressing particleboard Download PDF

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Publication number
US3891738A
US3891738A US305531A US30553172A US3891738A US 3891738 A US3891738 A US 3891738A US 305531 A US305531 A US 305531A US 30553172 A US30553172 A US 30553172A US 3891738 A US3891738 A US 3891738A
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United States
Prior art keywords
steam
mat
platens
particleboard
platen
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Expired - Lifetime
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US305531A
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English (en)
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Kuo-Cheng Shen
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HER MAJESTY IN RIGHT OF CANADA FORESTRY, Minister of
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Canadian Patents and Development Ltd
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Priority to US305531A priority Critical patent/US3891738A/en
Priority to CA185,107A priority patent/CA997261A/en
Priority to JP12614973A priority patent/JPS571416B2/ja
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Publication of US3891738A publication Critical patent/US3891738A/en
Assigned to HER MAJESTY IN RIGHT OF CANADA AS REPRESENTED BY THE MINISTER OF FORESTRY reassignment HER MAJESTY IN RIGHT OF CANADA AS REPRESENTED BY THE MINISTER OF FORESTRY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: CANADIAN PATENTS AND DEVELOPMENT LIMITED/SOCIETE CANADIAN DES BREVETS ET D'EXPLOITATION LIMITEE, A COMPANY OF CANADA
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/086—Presses with means for extracting or introducing gases or liquids in the mat

Definitions

  • .'-' .1 B 29J 5/00 Pmvides for reduced Press impmved [58] Field of Search H 264/109 120 82 I22 cleboard quality and makes practical greater board M thickness.
  • the apparatus comprises a pair of platens having apertures and associated conduits for steam [56] References Cited and exhaust, and means for enclosing the mat while steam is being injected. Steam is introduced into one UNlTED STATES PATENTS platen and exhausted through the other.
  • This invention relates to a method for pressing particleboard. and more particularly to a method and apparatus comprising the introduction of steam under pressure into the particleboard mat during the pressing thereof.
  • thermosetting adhesive binder In the production of particleboard. a thermosetting adhesive binder is mixed with wood particles. a mat is formed and pressed. In conventional pressing the heat required to cure the adhesive binder is transferred predominately by conduction from the surfaces of the hot press platens and some time is required to raise the temperature at the center of the mat. With increasing mat thickness, press time does not vary linearly with board thickness but increases more rapidly.
  • particleboard is pressed using a press including a pair of platens wherein each platen has apertures opening to one surface thereof which is adjacent to the other platen and chamber defining means enclosing the region between the platens.
  • the process comprises pressing a mat comprising wood particles and a thermosetting adhesive binder between the platens, introducing steam under pressure into the mat through the apertures of one platen and exhausting the steam through the apertures of the other platen, restricting the exhaust rate to maintain an elevated pressure and temperature within the chamber for a time sufficient to cure the adhesive binder, and releasing the steam pressure from the chamber and separating the platens for removal of the particleboard.
  • Valves associated with the chamber and steam source provide means for pressurizing the chamber. controlling the steam flow through the mat and releasing the pressure from the chamber.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a method for pressing particleboard with shorter press time.
  • Another object is to provide for the making of particleboard having a thickness greater than has previously been practical or economical in a flat press process.
  • Another object is to provide particleboard which has improved characteristics particularly with respect to water absorption and thickness expansion.
  • Yet another object of this invention is to provide dimensional stabilization of the particleboard with the pressing operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken at 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternate embodiment of a portion of the apparatus
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of the typical relationship between press time and board thickness for a conventional process and the steam-press process of the present invention.
  • the apparatus comprises a pair of press platens l and 2 which are adapted to be moved relative to one another by suitable means (not shown). Between the platens l and 2 is an annular sealing frame 3 of the desired thickness, which rests on the lower platen 2. When the platens are pressed together against the sealing frame member 3, a sealed chamber 4 for the mat 5 is defined.
  • the inner face of the platens have a plurality of apertures 6 and 7 interconnected with passageways 8 and 9, respectively, which communicate with a pressurized steam source through conduits l0 and ll.
  • Inlet valves l2, l3, and 14 control the steam input.
  • the passageways 8 and 9 also connect with conduits l5 and 16. Exhausting and release of steam pressure are controlled by valves 17 and 18.
  • Each platen includes passageway means 21 connected with conduits 22 to a source of a heating fluid, preferably also steam, which keeps the platens at the desired temperature.
  • a heating fluid preferably also steam
  • the particleboard mat preferably prepressed and contained by two screens 25 for ease of handling, is placed on the lower platen 2 within the sealing frame 3.
  • the platens 1 and 2 are brought together relative to one another in sealing engagement with the frame member 3, defining a chamber 4.
  • steam inlet valves 12 and 13 are opened. while the outlet valves 17 and 18 remain closed.
  • the steam inlet valve 13 is closed and the outlet valve 18 is opened partially to allow steam to flow through the mat while maintaining the desired pressure in the chamber 4.
  • the inlet valve 12 is closed and all exhaust valves are opened to release the steam pressure before the press is opened.
  • the temperature of the platens is controlled by the temperature of the heating fluid through the passageways 2].
  • the temperature of the platens is preferably 5 to F higher than that of the steam injected.
  • the apparatus of FIG. 1 also provides for changing the direction of steam flow.
  • the steam can be injected into the mat through the top or bottom platen 1 and 2 respectively. It was found that for thick boards, reversing the steam flow direction at some point during the steam injection operation, provides for more uniform and rapid heating of the mat.
  • radial passageways 39 are used to facilitate varying the spacing of the apertures 37 radially from the center of the platen 32 to provide uniform steam flow to all portions of the mat.
  • the density at the edges of a laterally unconfined mat will be lower hence the porosity of the mat in this region will be higher. Having more widely spaced apertures at the edges provides more uniform flow through all regions of the mat.
  • the apparatus used was generally ofthe type shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. All particleboard mats were prepressed for ease of handling.
  • the platens 1 and 2 each had dimensions of 24 X 24 X 2 /1; inches.
  • Passageways 8 and 9 were formed 3 inches apart, /2 inch from each platens inner surface.
  • the apertures 6 and 7 were spaced 2 /2 inches along the passageways 8 and 9 respectively.
  • Asbestos gaskets 23 and 24 were placed between the platens l and 2 and the sealing frame member 3 to enable the chamber 4 to maintain steam pressures of at least 300 psi with a press force of approximately 150 tons.
  • the outlet valve 18 was opened to allow steam flow of about 0.4 to 0.5 lb.
  • liquid phenolformaldehyde resin containing 43 percent solids at pH 1 1.6 to 11.9 was used for all boards. It was sprayed on in a laboratory rotating drum blender.
  • splinters-Vs to A inches screened, with 4 percent resin content a homogeneous board
  • flakeboard flakes-0.035 X 1 Va X A to 2 inches, with 5 percent resin content
  • a three-layer board made with fine splinters (1/16 inches screened, with 8 percent resin content) on face layers and coarse splinters Vs to A inches screened with 6 percent resin content in the core.
  • the pressed board was weighed immediately and then cut in half. Each half was weighed again and its thickness measured. One half was immediately placed in an oven for a 16-hour post-cure at 220F and ovendry weight determination. The other half was conditioned to equilibrium at 70F and percent relative humidity. The same conditioning was given to the postcured halves before testing. Density was calculated on the basis of oven-dry weight and conditioned volume.
  • Torsion-shear strength was measured on l-inch square specimens, systematically sampled from each half board. The normal torsion-shear strength was obtained from ten specimens which were tested dry. The wet torsion-shear strength was measured on another ten specimens which had been subjected to an accelerated aging treatment (2-hour immersion in boiling water) and were tested wet.
  • POPLAR SPLINTERS TREE-LAYER 2-inch 200 388 400 5 [31 1.897 37.5 13.6 4.3 2.1 11.7 57.3 3-inch 225 396 405 7 [51 2.886 36.6 15.0 4.3 1.9 10.2 57.8
  • the table indicates that the dry torsion-shear strengths were generally the same for steam-pressed and conventionally pressed board, but the wet torsionshear strengths were higher for steam-pressed board after the accelerated aging treatment referred to above.
  • the steam-pressed board showed substantial improvement of dimensional stability. Both thickness expansion and water absorption were reduced.
  • EXAMPLE 2 About 28 lb. of hammer milled hard maple particles l/l6, mesh size) were sprayed with a commercial liquid phenol-formaldehyde resin (4 percent solid resin based on oven dry particle weight), and measured into 6 lb. batches, and each batch was formed and prepressed into a l /2 inch mat. A series of l-inch boards (43-48 pcf density) was made from these mats at satu- 30 rated steam pressures varying from 50 to 300 psi with two different steaming times (A and 3 min.).
  • EXAMPLE 3 Hammer milled spruce particles (A-H20 mesh size) were sprayed with a commercial liquid ureaformaldehyde resin 10 percent solid resin on oven dry particle weight). Several batches of this material. each 5.7 lb 10 percent moisture content) were formed into STEAM-PRESS CONDITIONS STEAM STEAM PLATEN STEAM FAILINO TORQUE THICKNESS WATER PRESSURE TEMP. TEMP. TIME THICKNESS DENSITY (fL-lb.) EXPANSION ABSORPTION (psig) ("F) (*F.) (min.) (in) (Pcf) DRY WET (36) 1% 15 X 15-inch mats.
  • the mats were prepressed at 150 psi pressure to consolidate the mat to l inch thick for easy handling.
  • the prepressed mats were steampressed into 1 inch thick boards at various steam pressures with different press and steaming time as shown 5 sealing frame with allowance for springback which is in the following table.
  • the press close time A dephhdaht the p y p p r ie f he mat and min. steam release time 1 min. and platen temperathe P ing H i i n. ture (350F) were constant.
  • Torsion-shear strength and The present invention is not to be limited to thickness thickness expansion for steamed-pressed boards and of5 inches or less but appears to be equally applicable one conventionally-pressed board are also shown. to thickness of greater than 5 inches.
  • a process for pressing particleboard in a press incent relative humidit b w steampressed d cludmg a pair of platens wherein each platen has aperconventionally-pressed b d Th i b k f tures opening to one surface thereof which is adjacent steam-pressed poplar flake-b d was f d 1 b 2 to to the other platen and chamber defining means enclos- 5 percent while for conventionally pressed boards it g the region between Said P mpri ing the was 2! to 33 percent. steps of:
  • Ths moisture content of steam-pressed boards was compressing a mat p ing wood particles and found to be reduced by l to 2 percent from an i iti l 35 a thermosettmg adheslve binder between sa1d platmoisture content ranging from 1 l to 14 percent.
  • Lower h to deslred particleboard thlQkhess; steam pressure or a longer steam time tended to prolhlmduhmg Steam under Pressure the cute boards with lower moisture content than did Pf h through the apertures of one P higher steam pressure or a shorter steam time.
  • flakeboard is less porous than a ho- I mogcneous splinter board of the same wood species h Pf of clalm l
  • the PR358 platens and density are mamtamed at a temperature at least equal to that Press time is shortened by increasing steam temperai i f l l h h t f th ture, pressure and steam flow rate through the mat.
  • For the laborator regs med it was found that for steam is delayed until the pressure wtthm sa1d chamber 1 h h g d k i d th 1 I defining means reaches a predetermined magnitude.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
US305531A 1972-11-10 1972-11-10 Method and apparatus for pressing particleboard Expired - Lifetime US3891738A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US305531A US3891738A (en) 1972-11-10 1972-11-10 Method and apparatus for pressing particleboard
CA185,107A CA997261A (en) 1972-11-10 1973-11-06 Method and apparatus for pressing particleboard
JP12614973A JPS571416B2 (en, 2012) 1972-11-10 1973-11-09

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US305531A US3891738A (en) 1972-11-10 1972-11-10 Method and apparatus for pressing particleboard

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JP (1) JPS571416B2 (en, 2012)
CA (1) CA997261A (en, 2012)

Cited By (61)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4162877A (en) * 1976-09-23 1979-07-31 Hawker Siddeley Canada Ltd. Method and apparatus for consolidating particle board
US4334850A (en) * 1978-07-31 1982-06-15 Armen Garabedian Apparatus for making a stress-free plastic article
EP0063404A1 (en) * 1981-04-14 1982-10-27 Carbocol Inc. Steam bonding of solid lignocellulosic material
US4379101A (en) * 1980-06-04 1983-04-05 Allen Industries, Inc. Forming apparatus and method
FR2514294A1 (fr) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-15 Kiss Gunter Dispositif de coupe telecommande pour sectionner des cables rompus sous l'eau
US4393019A (en) * 1981-11-30 1983-07-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Method of pressing reconstituted lignocellulosic materials
US4406703A (en) * 1980-02-04 1983-09-27 Permawood International Corporation Composite materials made from plant fibers bonded with portland cement and method of producing same
US4462785A (en) * 1981-10-20 1984-07-31 Allen Industries, Inc. Forming apparatus
US4504205A (en) * 1982-09-28 1985-03-12 Carbocol Inc. Apparatus for converting a conduction press for consolidation of products by heat and pressure to a convection press
US4517147A (en) * 1984-02-03 1985-05-14 Weyerhaeuser Company Pressing process for composite wood panels
US4609519A (en) * 1983-03-17 1986-09-02 Isover Saint-Gobain Processes for making molded composite panels
US4623499A (en) * 1983-02-28 1986-11-18 Nihon Sekiso Kogyo Co., Ltd. Method for manufacture of shaped article of organic substance
US4670331A (en) * 1984-01-06 1987-06-02 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Moulded fibre reinforced plastics articles
WO1987007557A1 (en) * 1986-06-05 1987-12-17 Astechnologies, Inc. Apparatus and process for shaping and covering cushion foam
WO1988001565A1 (en) * 1986-09-03 1988-03-10 Astechnologies, Inc. Process of forming a contoured insulating sheet
WO1988002016A1 (en) * 1986-09-10 1988-03-24 Astechnologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for steam lamination
WO1988001935A1 (en) * 1986-09-09 1988-03-24 Astechnologies, Inc. Fabric lamination to concave substrate
US4786351A (en) * 1985-12-31 1988-11-22 Astechnologies, Inc. Process and apparatus for simultaneously shaping foam and laminating fabric thereto
US4850849A (en) * 1988-04-29 1989-07-25 Forintek Canada Corp. Apparatus for steam pressing compressible mat material
US4882114A (en) * 1984-01-06 1989-11-21 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Molding of fiber reinforced plastic articles
US4923555A (en) * 1986-09-10 1990-05-08 Astechnologies, Inc. Apparatus for steam lamination
US4925615A (en) * 1985-11-01 1990-05-15 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Method of molding fiber reinforced plastic articles
US4945652A (en) * 1989-04-18 1990-08-07 Forintek Canada Corporation Controlled steam drying of veneer sheets
US4964935A (en) * 1986-07-31 1990-10-23 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Method of making fibre reinforced thermoplastics material structure
US4978489A (en) * 1986-07-31 1990-12-18 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Process for the manufacture of a permeable sheet-like fibrous structure
US5053449A (en) * 1988-08-03 1991-10-01 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Plastics material
US5078938A (en) * 1990-02-20 1992-01-07 Werzalit Ag And Co. Method and apparatus for making a molded article from a nonflowable mixture of chip and/or fiber material and a thermally hardenable binder
US5087311A (en) * 1986-09-09 1992-02-11 Astechnologies, Inc. Process of laminating fabric to a concave substrate
US5096409A (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-03-17 Carbocol Systems, Inc. System for vapor injection pressing
US5108691A (en) * 1986-09-03 1992-04-28 Astechnologies, Inc. Compressing and shaping thermoformable mats using superheated steam
US5158012A (en) * 1990-05-11 1992-10-27 G. Siempelkamp Gmbh & Co. Method of operating a press for producing pressed board
US5215627A (en) * 1986-07-31 1993-06-01 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Method of making a water laid fibrous web containing one or more fine powders
US5234523A (en) * 1992-04-24 1993-08-10 United Technologies Automotive, Inc. Method of laminating a fabric covered article
US5476617A (en) * 1993-02-19 1995-12-19 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Wisconsin Rotational and vibrational process for molding cellulosic fibers
US5639324A (en) * 1986-07-31 1997-06-17 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Method of making laminated reinforced thermoplastic sheets and articles made therefrom
US5769998A (en) * 1994-08-19 1998-06-23 Koyo Sangyo Co., Ltd. Method for forming aggregation body by thermocompression
US5824246A (en) * 1991-03-29 1998-10-20 Engineered Composites Method of forming a thermoactive binder composite
US5902442A (en) * 1993-05-17 1999-05-11 Borden Chemical, Inc. Method for bonding lignocellulosic material with phenol-formaldehyde resin and carbon dioxide
US5980798A (en) * 1998-07-08 1999-11-09 Masonite Corporation Method for steam pressing composite board having at least one finished surface
EP0956936A1 (de) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-17 Werzalit Ag + Co. Mehrzweckpresse zur Herstellung von Formteilen
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US6036896A (en) * 1998-05-21 2000-03-14 Lear Corporation Method for preheating permeable, thermoformable material
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US6083437A (en) * 1996-07-22 2000-07-04 Eidai Co., Ltd. Method for dimensional stabilizing treatment of wood and wood composite
US6103180A (en) * 1993-10-06 2000-08-15 Matec Holding Ag Method for producing a low odor, sound- and heat-insulation shaped element
US6187234B1 (en) 1998-06-23 2001-02-13 Masonite Corporation Method for steam pressing composite board having at least one finished surface
US6344165B1 (en) * 1996-11-25 2002-02-05 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Manufacture of reconstituted wood products
US20020100533A1 (en) * 1999-10-01 2002-08-01 Nichiha Co., Ltd. Particle board and method of making the same
US20030151157A1 (en) * 2001-05-03 2003-08-14 Iwona Frackowiak Method for reducing formaldehyde content and formaldehyde emission from particle board
US20030157297A1 (en) * 2000-05-04 2003-08-21 Lewis Peter Joseph Lelievre Method and apparatus for forming an article and an article formed thereby
US20040173306A1 (en) * 2002-10-24 2004-09-09 University Of Southern Mississippi Particleboard and method for forming a particleboard
US20050234156A1 (en) * 2004-03-19 2005-10-20 University Of Southern Mississippi Soy protein based adhesive and particleboard
US20060060290A1 (en) * 2004-09-22 2006-03-23 Walter Jarck Systems and methods for the production of steam-pressed long fiber reconsolidated wood products
US20060103052A1 (en) * 1991-03-29 2006-05-18 Reetz William R Method of forming a thermoactive binder composite
US20070144027A1 (en) * 2000-04-19 2007-06-28 Renaud Regis P Method and apparatus for treating refuse with steam
US20090145563A1 (en) * 2004-09-22 2009-06-11 Timtek, Llc System and method for the separation of bast fibers
US20090221865A1 (en) * 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 Renaud Regis P Method and apparatus for injecting enriched steam
US20090314625A1 (en) * 2008-06-16 2009-12-24 Renaud Regis P Method and apparatus for steam biomass reactor
US20150091209A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2015-04-02 Knauf Insulation Gmbh Molding apparatus and process
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WO2018053001A3 (en) * 2016-09-14 2019-05-31 Hexion Inc. Method for bonding lignocellulosic material with phenolic resin and gaseous carbon dioxide

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JP5543130B2 (ja) * 2009-04-28 2014-07-09 トヨタ紡織株式会社 加熱システム

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US3280237A (en) * 1963-04-22 1966-10-18 Weyerhaeuser Co Method of pressing composite consolidated articles
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Cited By (81)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4162877A (en) * 1976-09-23 1979-07-31 Hawker Siddeley Canada Ltd. Method and apparatus for consolidating particle board
US4334850A (en) * 1978-07-31 1982-06-15 Armen Garabedian Apparatus for making a stress-free plastic article
US4406703A (en) * 1980-02-04 1983-09-27 Permawood International Corporation Composite materials made from plant fibers bonded with portland cement and method of producing same
US4379101A (en) * 1980-06-04 1983-04-05 Allen Industries, Inc. Forming apparatus and method
US4357194A (en) * 1981-04-14 1982-11-02 John Stofko Steam bonding of solid lignocellulosic material
EP0063404A1 (en) * 1981-04-14 1982-10-27 Carbocol Inc. Steam bonding of solid lignocellulosic material
FR2514294A1 (fr) * 1981-10-13 1983-04-15 Kiss Gunter Dispositif de coupe telecommande pour sectionner des cables rompus sous l'eau
US4469655A (en) * 1981-10-13 1984-09-04 Kiss G H Process and apparatus for moulding articles from binder-containing organic fibrous mats
US4462785A (en) * 1981-10-20 1984-07-31 Allen Industries, Inc. Forming apparatus
US4393019A (en) * 1981-11-30 1983-07-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Method of pressing reconstituted lignocellulosic materials
US4504205A (en) * 1982-09-28 1985-03-12 Carbocol Inc. Apparatus for converting a conduction press for consolidation of products by heat and pressure to a convection press
US4623499A (en) * 1983-02-28 1986-11-18 Nihon Sekiso Kogyo Co., Ltd. Method for manufacture of shaped article of organic substance
EP0172278A3 (en) * 1983-02-28 1986-12-30 Nihon Sekiso Kogyo Co., Ltd. Method for manufacture of shaped article of organic substance
US4609519A (en) * 1983-03-17 1986-09-02 Isover Saint-Gobain Processes for making molded composite panels
US4670331A (en) * 1984-01-06 1987-06-02 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Moulded fibre reinforced plastics articles
US4882114A (en) * 1984-01-06 1989-11-21 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Molding of fiber reinforced plastic articles
EP0172930A1 (de) * 1984-02-03 1986-03-05 Weyerhaeuser Company Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung einer Holzwerkstoffplatte
US4517147A (en) * 1984-02-03 1985-05-14 Weyerhaeuser Company Pressing process for composite wood panels
US4925615A (en) * 1985-11-01 1990-05-15 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Method of molding fiber reinforced plastic articles
US4786351A (en) * 1985-12-31 1988-11-22 Astechnologies, Inc. Process and apparatus for simultaneously shaping foam and laminating fabric thereto
WO1987007557A1 (en) * 1986-06-05 1987-12-17 Astechnologies, Inc. Apparatus and process for shaping and covering cushion foam
US4795517A (en) * 1986-06-05 1989-01-03 Astechnologies, Inc. Process for shaping and covering cushion foam
US5639324A (en) * 1986-07-31 1997-06-17 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Method of making laminated reinforced thermoplastic sheets and articles made therefrom
US5215627A (en) * 1986-07-31 1993-06-01 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Method of making a water laid fibrous web containing one or more fine powders
US4978489A (en) * 1986-07-31 1990-12-18 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Process for the manufacture of a permeable sheet-like fibrous structure
US4964935A (en) * 1986-07-31 1990-10-23 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Method of making fibre reinforced thermoplastics material structure
WO1988001565A1 (en) * 1986-09-03 1988-03-10 Astechnologies, Inc. Process of forming a contoured insulating sheet
US5108691A (en) * 1986-09-03 1992-04-28 Astechnologies, Inc. Compressing and shaping thermoformable mats using superheated steam
US5087311A (en) * 1986-09-09 1992-02-11 Astechnologies, Inc. Process of laminating fabric to a concave substrate
WO1988001935A1 (en) * 1986-09-09 1988-03-24 Astechnologies, Inc. Fabric lamination to concave substrate
US4923555A (en) * 1986-09-10 1990-05-08 Astechnologies, Inc. Apparatus for steam lamination
WO1988002016A1 (en) * 1986-09-10 1988-03-24 Astechnologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for steam lamination
US4850849A (en) * 1988-04-29 1989-07-25 Forintek Canada Corp. Apparatus for steam pressing compressible mat material
US5053449A (en) * 1988-08-03 1991-10-01 The Wiggins Teape Group Limited Plastics material
US4945652A (en) * 1989-04-18 1990-08-07 Forintek Canada Corporation Controlled steam drying of veneer sheets
US5078938A (en) * 1990-02-20 1992-01-07 Werzalit Ag And Co. Method and apparatus for making a molded article from a nonflowable mixture of chip and/or fiber material and a thermally hardenable binder
US5158012A (en) * 1990-05-11 1992-10-27 G. Siempelkamp Gmbh & Co. Method of operating a press for producing pressed board
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CA997261A (en) 1976-09-21

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