US3889129A - Direct-current supply connector - Google Patents

Direct-current supply connector Download PDF

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Publication number
US3889129A
US3889129A US399336A US39933673A US3889129A US 3889129 A US3889129 A US 3889129A US 399336 A US399336 A US 399336A US 39933673 A US39933673 A US 39933673A US 3889129 A US3889129 A US 3889129A
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United States
Prior art keywords
module
connector
direct
current supply
pair
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Expired - Lifetime
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US399336A
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English (en)
Inventor
Willi Menzel
Gundolf Milde
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Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
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Siemens Corp
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Priority claimed from DE19722246602 external-priority patent/DE2246602C/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M19/00—Current supply arrangements for telephone systems

Definitions

  • a direct-current supply connector comprising at least one pair of terminals for providing electrical connection between, on the one side of said connector an elongated fiat module provided on the inside with low-inductance direct-current supply lines and, on the other side of said connector a module rack for receiving a plurality of said elongated modules.
  • the module rack is connected with each of said modules over one of the connectors, current being supplied from said module rack to said module.
  • a first individual pair section of said terminal pair which is connected to an outgoing line of the direct-current supply is connected with a second pair section of said terminal pair which is connected to a return line of the direct-current supply over a shunt capacitor disposed in the immediate vicinity of said connector thereby reducing interaction between elements in modules connected to one rack.
  • the shunt capacitor may be located in the module rack or the module. It may be sized and connected to provide impedance matching between rack and module.
  • the invention relates to a connector having terminals, e.g. pins and/or sockets for making electrical connections between, on the one side, an elongated module including a plurality of elements and, on the other, a module rack for receiving a plurality of such modules for direct-current supply.
  • the connector within the scope of the invention is particularly suited for establishing connection between a flat module having plug pins or sockets and a module rack of an electronically controlled telephone switching system having sockets or plug pins.
  • connectors for direct-current supply have been devised.
  • plug pins and sockets such connectors may also have clamped or soldered terminals or contacts pressed together, for example, by mechanical means.
  • All these types of terminals represent almost invariably spatially concentrated terminals, that is to say, terminals whose lengths, measured in the direction of the current, are substantially greater than their widths measured transversely of the direction of current.
  • the module itself may likewise be designed in different ways, for example, as a flat module, more particularly as a multilayer flat module, that is to say, a largely threedimensional structure, e.g., a slide-in box or a substantially one-dimensional structure such as a long comparatively narrow body. All modules under consideration contain for the current supply a low-inductance outgoing circuit and a returncircuit.
  • the connectors for direct-current supply by themselves can basically also be designed as spatially unconcentrated structures, namely as strips whose lengths measured in the direction of current flow is substantially smaller than their widths or thicknesses measured transversely of the direction of current.
  • Such a twodimensional terminal compared with a spatially concentrated terminal, exhibits a comparatively low selfinductance, but requires considerable space, which is frequently undesirable, because generally in addition to the connector a multiplicity of additional terminals must be provided between the module and the module rack for the transmission of signals.
  • the shunt capacitor 10 provided at this location shall be provided if the battery providing the direct-current supply is mounted at a great distance from the module or if the lines between battery and module, relative to high frequency operation, form too large a loop.
  • the shunt capacitor serves here obviously for buffering a direct-current energy supply particularly so that the direct-current supply disturbed by crosstalk can be smoothed.
  • a high-capacity shunt capacitor be placed immediately at the direct-current supply inputs of each switching element, e.g. gates, provided on or in the module.
  • Modules that meet the demands made in the above identified printed publications with respect to the low inductance of the direct-current supply lines in the module are known in the art (see for example, FIGS. 10 and 11 of US. Pat. No. 3,300,686), where a multilayer flat module is described having two adjacent parallel two-dimensional conductors as direct-current supply lines.
  • these conductors apparently provide strip conductors wherein the distance between the two lines is much smaller than the width of the conductors, as the width of the conductors can approximately equal the width of said module.
  • Such strip conductors with extremely small distance/width ratios have, as is well known, an extremely small high frequency characteristic impedance and, thus, an extremely low selfinductance, at least as long as they are short in comparison with the wave length of the frequency components of the interfering voltages concerned.
  • the present invention has as its basis recent investigations of the effects of such interfering voltages in the direct-current supply of modules. It has been discovered that in some cases where components mounted on different modules act upon each other concurrently, the low inductance of the current supply provided on the module is not adequate even with the mounting of a shunt capacitor 10 --cf. FIG. 1 of the present application in the vicinity of the connector 7 of the module to assure avoidance of breakdowns in the operation of such different modules with interacting components. The recent investigations (the details of which will be given hereinbelow) surprisingly demonstrate that in particular the self-inductance of the connector can also bring about serious breakdowns in the operation of the components.
  • the invention takes as its starting point a directcurrent supply connector made up of terminals for electrical connection between, on the one side, an elongated module provided on the inside with lowinductance direct-current supply lines and, on the other, a module rack receiving a plurality of modules of the aforementioned type for direct-current supply.
  • the connector according to the invention is characterized by the fact that between the module and the module rack there are provided a plurality of parallelconnected pairs ofterminals, of which each individual pair section of the first sort of the pairs of terminals which is connected to a direct-current supply outgoing line is connected with the pair section of the second sort of this pair of terminals over a shunt capacitor mounted'in the immediate vicinity thereof, said pair of terminals being connected to a direct-current supply return line.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the connector according to the invention between a module of the flat module type and a module rack;
  • FIG. 2 shows a special design of two adjacent pairs of terminals usable in forming a connector according to this invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating the significance of the self-inductance of the connector on the dependable operation of components mounted on different modules and acting upon each other.
  • FIG. 3 shows two modules, viz. module 28 and module 2A, which are received by the module rack 8/9.
  • the switching elements here gates 14, 16 and 18, are disposed on the module 28 and control similar elements mounted on other modules or are controlled by elements mounted on other modules.
  • the two connectors of the directcurrent supply between the module rack 8/9 and the two modules 2B and 2A are each indicated by their self-inductances 11 and 13.
  • switching elements l5, l7 and 19 which are here controlled by the elements 14 and 18 mounted on the module 28 over the signal lines 20 and 21 or by other elements mounted on additional modules (cf. element 17). Therefore, here switching elements mounted on different modules act upon each other over the module rack 8/9.
  • Interfering voltages U U may appear over the self-inductances of the direct-current supply terminals, e. g. 11 or 13, if switching processes occur in the switching elements, e.g. 14 or 15 through which the currents in the direct-current supply lines 8 and/or 9 are changed.
  • interfering voltages U or U of different magnitudes appear in these selfinductances 11 and 13.
  • These interfering voltages act I in the longitudinal direction of the direct-current supply lines.
  • the amplitude of the interfering voltages depends on the particular magnitude of the selfinductance. The interfering voltages are thus particularly large if the self-inductance of the terminals is much larger than the self-inductance of the normally two-dimensional direct-current supply lines within the module.
  • the potential of one of the two direct-current supply lines serves at the same time as a reference potential for the signals which are transmitted over the signal lines (cf. 20 and 21) from one module to the other.
  • Interfering voltages which are superimposed upon the earth potential of the line 9 may lead to malfunctions of the elements provided on different modules, even if the well-known remedial step is followed of installing on the modules in the area of the direct-current supply terminals 11 and 13 low-inductance high capacity shunt capacitors 258 or 25A of which provide a short circuit for the interfering voltages there, but only there!
  • This short circuit only prevents the voltage on the direct-current supply lines from being influenced by the interfering voltages U or U due to the self-inductances of the lines solely in its environment within the module.
  • this short circuit on the shunt capacitor 253 and 25A cannot prevent the reference potential within one module 2B from being different from the reference potential on the module 2A due to the interfering voltages which normally differ from each other.
  • the shunt capacitors 25B and 25A only prevent the interfering voltages U U from causing a change in the voltage between the direct-current supply lines within each module.
  • the interfering voltage U across the self-inductance 13in the connector of this module 28. If at the same time a signal is applied to the signal input of the component 16 of another module connected to the module rack 8/9, the interfering voltage U changes the signal voltage U controlling the component 16 to be switched. Therefore, if the interfering voltage U is sufficiently large, a false output pulse can appear at a signal output of the switching component 16, which in the last analysis, is caused by the self-inductance of the direct-current supply terminal 13 and by the different reference potentials .on the modules caused thereby.
  • Suchself-inductance '13 of a component 14 controlling another module may also produce disturbances in the-component 19 on the module 2A; for if the signal output of the component 18 is transmitted as an output signal over the signal line 21 to the component 19, whereas the interfering voltage U is generated across theself-inductance 13 due to switching processes in the other component 14, then this interfering voltage U exercises an influence upon the amplitude of the signal controlling the component 19. As a result, malfunctions of the component 19 may appear, because here, too, different reference potentials are caused on the modules 2A and 2B due to the self-inductance 13.
  • the self-inductance 13 of a component'15 controlled by another module may also interfere with the components 17 which are controlled in the relevant module 2A by signals which in themselves are received without disturbance by the other moduIeZB. This occurs when as a result of this signal controlling the component 15, there arise the interfervolta'ges U which influence the reference potential of the module 2A, which thereby may lead to disturbanc'es of the operation of the component 17 controlled by signals of another undisturbed module.
  • the improvement madeinaccordance with this invention is based on the requirements deduced from the above described investigation. It is necessary that the self-inductance of the connector shall be so reduced that no interfering voltages of high amplitude can appear there.
  • the module frame 8/9 there are provided between the module 2 and the module frame 8/9 (cf. FIG. 1) a plurality of pairs of terminals 0 and 1 connected in parallel with one another-to the direct-current supply.
  • Each pair of terminals contains a pair portion 1 and a pair portion 0 which lie so close together that they form a pair.
  • the pair portion of the first kind 0 is connected to the outgoing line 6 of the direct-current supply of the module 2.
  • the pair portion of the second kind 1 is connected to the return line 3 of the direct-current supply.
  • the pair portion of the first kind 0 forms together with the closely adjoining pair portion of the second kind 1 a pair of terminals 7, so that the current forthe direct-current supply of the module 2 or of the component parts placed on said module can flow over the pair of terminals 7.
  • the self-inductance of the terminals 0 and 1 is here, so to speak, reduced by increasing the self-inductance (cf. 5 in FIG. 2) so that the terminals represent a comparatively low-inductance line within the meaning of the high-frequency transmission line theory, instead of concentrated high inductances.
  • the pairs of terminals 7 shown in FIG. 1 represent two pairs of terminals combined into a single pair of terminals (cf. FIG. 2 showing the two terminals of the first kind 0 and the terminal of the second kind 1 which together form a combined pair of terminals shown in FIG. 7.)
  • the pair of combined terminals shown in FIG. 2 consists, strictly speaking, of two different simple pairs of terminals with the terminals 0 and 1, and 0 and 1a; however, the terminal la has been connected with the terminal 1, for the terminals 1 and 1a are here connected with the same return line of the direct-current supply.
  • each pair of terminals 7 (combined therein) is bridged by a single capacitor 25.
  • the return line 3 of the direct-current supply is made up of three segments 3 running parallel to one another which can also be intermeshed with one another within the module, e.g., through the electrically conducting connections 30 between said segments 3 and shown in FIG. 1.
  • the outgoing line 6 can also be comprised of several segments; the segments of the outgoing line 6 may likewise be intermeshed with one another, just as the segments of the return line 3.
  • each individual pair portion of the first kind 0 of thepairs of terminals 7 is connected over a shunt capacitor, e.g. 25, disposed in the immediate vicinity thereof, with the pair portion of the second kind 1 of said pair of terminals.
  • the active self-inductance 11 or 13 (cf. FIG,. 7) of the terminals 7 between the direct-current supply lines 8 and 9 of the module rack andthe'direct-currentsupply lines 3 and 6 of the module has'a lowerin'ductance than if only a single such pair were provided.
  • the self-inductance can further be reduced.
  • the terminals 0 carrying a signal reference potential, here earth potential are constructed with particularly low inductance.
  • FIG. 1 shows such a further development, where, in order to reduce the self-inductance of the terminals 0 carrying the reference potential, a plurality (here two terminals 0) are joined with a single terminal 1 into one (combined) pair of terminals.
  • a further improvement of the low inductance of the terminals carrying the reference potential can also be realized by considerably widening the terminals 0.
  • the terminals 0 and 1 are made up of two connectors, namely the connectors 0,1 connected with the module 2, and the connectors 0,1 connected with the module rack.
  • the terminal pins may, for example, be constructed as pins and sockets.
  • the shunt capacitors 25 are each disposed on the component parts of the terminals provided on the module 2, so that in general the expenditure in such shunt capacitors 25 can advantageously be reduced, because frequently the module rack will not receive the total number of modules it is capable of receiving.
  • the reduc-' tion of the effects of the self-inductances of the directcurrent supply connector in this further development is mainly caused by the fact that the self-inductance in the area of transition from the pairs of terminals 7 to the direct-current supply lines 8 and 9 on the module rack 8/9 is neutralized 'mainly because this selfinductance of the junction can no longer have an effect as an interfering self-inductance at the connector.
  • this further development also has the advantage that space for the shunt capacitors 25 on the modules is now not absolutely necessary, so that on these modules still more components can be accommodated.
  • these shunt capacitors 24 when placedin addition to the shunt capacitors 25, reduce the above mentioned disturbing effects of charging currents for signal line capacitances through the self inductances 11 and 13 of the direct-current supply.
  • the component parts of the terminals are plug pins or sockets, said components being urged against one another by their own elastic force.
  • This further development is generally less complex than one in which the components of the terminals 0,1 disposed on the module are detachably urged by special means against the components of the terminals disposed on the module rack.
  • the last-mentioned further development has, in turn, the advantage that an excellent electrical connection between the components of the terminals frequently can better be lastingly achieved than with plug pins and sockets, being independent of material changes, wear and tear and manufacturing tolerances.
  • each terminal is here divided by the shunt capacitors 5 into small inductance segments connected in series to one another.
  • the terminals and l are much longer than they are thick or wide, that is to say, if they are longer than the largest dimension of the cross section of the terminal through which the direct current is fed into the module 2 through the relevant terminal.
  • the design of the shunt capacitors 5 can be different:
  • the effective parasitic active self-inductance of the terminals 0 and 1 can be reduced in this further embodiment, as also in the preceding embodiments, by shunt capacitors 5 having a very high capacitance and producing for the interfering voltages a short circuit between the terminals.
  • the terminals concerned form with the shunt capacitors 5 disposed thereat low-pass filters which smooth the current flowing therethrough.
  • the capacitance of the capacitors and the mutual spacings thereof can also be designed such, for example, that the cut-off frequency of said low-pass filters made up of the inductance segments and shunt capacitors 5 lies higher than the highest frequencies which, according to the Fourier analysis, appear with a parasitically high energy in the interfering voltages U or U
  • the effective parasitically active selfinductance of the connector is not only reduced but, in addition, there is no reflection at the junction between the connector and the direct-current supply lines of the module or of the module rack matched thereto as a result of characteristic impedance, so that interfering voltages U U generated in the connector are very rapidly shunted into the module or the module rack because of the absence of reflections and are thereby rendered relatively harmless.
  • the selfinductance of the pairs of terminals 7 is reduced, because the self-inductance no longer acts as a particularly large concentrated inductance and because this inductance is divided into segments partitioned by the shunt capacitors.
  • the individual segments of the terminals act like a transmission line between two adjoining shunt capacitors 5 and have characteristics, even with respect to any interfering voltages, which do not differ substantially from the characteristics of the direct-current supply lines on the module or on the module rack.
  • This further development is particularly of advantage if the characteristic impedence of the direct-current supply lines 3, 6 onthe module is made approximately as large as that of the direct-current supply lines 8, 9 on the module rack.
  • each pair of terminals 7 on the module rack 8/9 and/or in the module 2 additionally with a high-capacity shunt capacitor 25 or 24 so that the self-inductances of the terminals of the first sort 0 are each connected in parallel with the selfinductances of the terminals of the second sort 1, referred to the interfering voltages, because the relevant capacitors then produce short circuits for these interferingvoltages. Due to the parallel connections of the self-inductances, the effective disturbingly active inductances of the connector is further reduced, thereby further diminishing the danger of disturbances in the interaction between component parts disposed on the different modules. 7 l
  • the direct-current supply line on the module exhibits a much smaller characteristic impedance than the direct-current supply lines 011;: the: module rack.
  • the shunt capacitor 5, 25 or 24 disposed on the plane of transition between low and high characteristic impedance is provided with such an internal resistance through adjustment or appropriate selection that the resulting resistance of a parallel connection of all these internal resistances is as large as the characteristic impedance of the direct-current supply lines disposed on the module.
  • a direct-current supply connector comprising a plurality of pairs of terminals for providing electrical connection between, on the one side of said connector an elongated flat module (2) provided with a lowinductance direct-current supply line and, on the other side of said connector a module rack for receiving a plurality of said elongated modules, said module rack being connected with each of said modules over one of said connectors, current being supplied from said direct current supply line of said module rack to said module, wherein a first individual pair section of each of said terminal pairs which is connected to an outgoing line of said direct-current supply line is connected with a second pair section of said each terminal pair which is connected to a return line of the direct-current supply over a shunt capacitor disposed in the immediate vicinity of said each terminal pair.
  • first said individual pair section carrying a signal reference potential is constructed with particularly low inductance.
  • the connector as set forth in claim 9 characterized by the fact that the capacitors which are provided in the connector at the junction between the characteristic impedance of the direct-current supply line of the module and the characteristic impedance of the directcurrent supply lines of the module rack have an internal resistance such that the parallel connection ,of said capacitors provide an effective resistance matching the characteristic impedance of the direct-current supply lines of the module (2).
  • said module includes signal lines connected through said connector having terminals thinner than said terminal pair sections connected to said direct current lines.

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US399336A 1972-09-22 1973-09-20 Direct-current supply connector Expired - Lifetime US3889129A (en)

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DE19722246602 DE2246602C (de) 1972-09-22 Gleichstromversorgungs-Anschluß teil

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4491978A (en) * 1981-05-18 1985-01-01 Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. Portable radio receiver with high antenna gain
RU2115990C1 (ru) * 1997-06-02 1998-07-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт транспортного строительства" Тяговая подстанция постоянного тока
US5820409A (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-10-13 Chrysler Corporation Rotatable pin connector
US5823808A (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-10-20 Chrysler Corporation Cam lever operated connector
US5913691A (en) * 1996-08-20 1999-06-22 Chrysler Corporation Dual power/control connector
US5934938A (en) * 1996-08-20 1999-08-10 Chrysler Corporation Split seal retainer for an electrical connector
US20120140432A1 (en) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-07 Nxp B.V. Radio frequency circuit with impedance matching

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2421780A (en) * 1944-03-30 1947-06-10 Philco Corp Socket structure
US3643201A (en) * 1970-02-09 1972-02-15 Amp Inc Impedance matching microstrip connector
US3651432A (en) * 1970-04-14 1972-03-21 Amp Inc Impedance matched printed circuit connectors
US3702422A (en) * 1971-06-10 1972-11-07 Amp Inc Filters for interconnection systems

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2421780A (en) * 1944-03-30 1947-06-10 Philco Corp Socket structure
US3643201A (en) * 1970-02-09 1972-02-15 Amp Inc Impedance matching microstrip connector
US3651432A (en) * 1970-04-14 1972-03-21 Amp Inc Impedance matched printed circuit connectors
US3702422A (en) * 1971-06-10 1972-11-07 Amp Inc Filters for interconnection systems

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4491978A (en) * 1981-05-18 1985-01-01 Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. Portable radio receiver with high antenna gain
US5820409A (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-10-13 Chrysler Corporation Rotatable pin connector
US5823808A (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-10-20 Chrysler Corporation Cam lever operated connector
US5913691A (en) * 1996-08-20 1999-06-22 Chrysler Corporation Dual power/control connector
US5934938A (en) * 1996-08-20 1999-08-10 Chrysler Corporation Split seal retainer for an electrical connector
RU2115990C1 (ru) * 1997-06-02 1998-07-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт транспортного строительства" Тяговая подстанция постоянного тока
US20120140432A1 (en) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-07 Nxp B.V. Radio frequency circuit with impedance matching
US8848394B2 (en) * 2010-12-01 2014-09-30 Nxp B.V. Radio frequency circuit with impedance matching

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IT993261B (it) 1975-09-30
DE2246602B1 (de) 1974-01-24

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