US3885637A - Boring tools and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Boring tools and method of manufacturing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3885637A
US3885637A US430940A US43094074A US3885637A US 3885637 A US3885637 A US 3885637A US 430940 A US430940 A US 430940A US 43094074 A US43094074 A US 43094074A US 3885637 A US3885637 A US 3885637A
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United States
Prior art keywords
layer
abrasive grains
charge
rock
matrix
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Expired - Lifetime
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US430940A
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English (en)
Inventor
Vladimir Ivanovich Veprintsev
Lev Iosifovich Klyachko
Nikolai Andreevich Kudrya
Evgeny Ivanovich Suslov
Gennady Petrovich Grishin
Anatoly Vasilievich Kolchin
Evgeny Vasilievich Funtikov
Vladimir Fedorovich Shpak
Vasily Andreevich Barkov
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0009—Cylinders, pistons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to boring tools and to methods of manufacturing the same, and more particularly is concerned with those of such tools which are to be used for boring rocks of a hardness higher than medium one. as well as with a method of manufacturing such tools.
  • a rock-destroying member comprising a metallic matrix provided with embedded fine grins (50-800 p.) in the form of single-crystals or polycrystals of diamond or diamond-based abrasive materials, as well as of materials other than diamonds, such as cubic boron nitride and products on the bases thereof.
  • boring tools similar to those described above are generally used, with the only difference being that their matrix is provided with embedded coarse grains /l2.5 mm/ of an abrasive material. These grains are arranged over the rock-destroying surface of the tool, that is, over that surface which is in contact with the rock being bored during the operation of the tool.
  • the fine abrasive grains are used mainly to increase the strength of the matrix body.
  • the practical objects of the invention consist in an increase of the service life ofa boring tool, an extension of its working range, and in particular as applied to its efficient use for boring moderately abrasive rocks, and an improvement of its efficiency on the whole in any rock, including moderately abrasive ones.
  • the thickness of the metallic layer arranged in the matrix over the rock-destroying surface of the tool is preferably substantially equal to the depth of penetration of the coarse abrasive grains therein.
  • the manufacture of the boring tool comprising the steps of placing a metal charge containing coarse and fine abrasive grains into a mold, preliminarily pressing the charge against the tool body, impregnating the pressed charge with a metal melt and allowing it to stay until solidification, according to the invention at the step of placing the charge containing fine and coarse abrasive grains into the mold a layer of exclusively metallic charge is formed which is so arranged relative to the first charge that the layer of the exclusively metallic charge forms the rock-destroying surface of the tool, with the coarse abrasive grains being placed in such a manner as to penetrate at one half two third into the charge layer containing fine abrasive grains at the boundary between the two charge layers, the remaining portion of the grains being located in said exclusively metallic charge layer.
  • the thickness of the metallic layer of the charge, which forms the rock-destroying surface of the tool is preferably substantially equal to the depth of penetration of the coarse abrasive grains therein.
  • FIG. 1 shows a boring tool which, in this case, comprises a core-boring bit according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged detail view of the circled zone I in FIG. 1 illustrating the principle of arrangement of the layers and cutting elements in the matrix.
  • the description refers to a coreboring bit. It comprises a steel body 1 supporting a rock-destructing member 2 made as a matrix with embedded abrasive grains. A part of the matrix body defined by a layer 3 contains embedded fine grains 4 uniformly distributed over the entire layer 3.
  • a layer 5 of the matrix which is the outer layer relative to the layer 3 and which forms a rock-destructing surface 6 of the tool, is made exclusively of metal without fine embedded grains.
  • Coarse abrasive grains 7 are located at the boundary between the matirx layers 3 and 5 so as to penetrate at one half two thirds into the layer 3, with the remaining portion of the grains being located in the layer 5.
  • Fine and coarse abrasive grains may comprise grains of any abrasive materials, such as natural and synthetic diamonds, artificial materials on the basis of diamond and materials other than diamonds, such as cubic boron nitride and products on the basis thereof, and the like.
  • Abrasive grains may be in the form of a crumb of single-crystals or polycrystals. Normally employed fine abrasive grains of a size of from 50 to 800 p. may be used.
  • a size of the coarse abrasive grains may be from 1 to 2.5 mm as usual.
  • the metallic portion of the matrix may consist of nickel, iron and tungsten carbide, or of tungsten carbide and cobalt.
  • a layer 8 adjoining the tool body 1 is located over the layer 3 and consists also exclusively of metal to spare the abrasive material because the layer 8 takes practically no part in the destruction of rock.
  • the coarse abrasive grains serve as the cutting elements, while the fine grains are used mainly to improve the matrix strength.
  • the total thickness of the layers 3 and 5 is substantially equal to the depth of penetration of the coarse abrasive grains 7 therein.
  • the thickness of the layer 3 is of from 1.0 to 1.8 mm and a thickness of the layer 5 is of from 0.3 to 0.6 mm.
  • the boring tool according to the invention is manufactured by the following method:
  • a metallic charge which does not contain abrasive grains, is placed on the bottom plate of a graphite mold to form a layer 5 of from 0.3 to 0.6 mm depending on the size of the coarse abrasive grains, and the charge is then compacted.
  • Coarse diamond grains are embedded into this charge layer, with the grains being dipped at the entire depth of this layer by known methods.
  • the layer 3 of metallic charge containing the fine abrasive grains is poured over this layer 5.
  • a concentration of the abrasive grains in the metallic charge is as normally used and is equal to 50-100 percent. After the formation of the layer 3 it is also compacted. The remaining part of the graphite mold is filled with an exclusively metallic charge.
  • the charge, which is so placed, is pressed against the tool body 1.
  • the pressing force normally does not exceed 50-60 kglcm
  • the above-described order of placing of the charge is preferable, but it will be apparent that the charge may be placed in the reversed order with the same dimensional ratio as mentioned above. In the latter case the charge is poured from the bit body side in the following order.
  • the thickness of the layers depends upon the size of the coarse abrasive grains, as mentioned above, a predetermined penetration at one half two thirds will be maintained in each of the two layers.
  • the steel body is united with the matrix of the rock-destroying member. Then, a necessary machining of the boring tool is performed, and the tool is ready for operation.
  • the boring tool manufactured according to the invention posseses advantages as comparedwith known boring tools. Under similar operating conditions. it is characterized by a reduced consumption of abrasive material per unit of the boring depth by 30-50 percent due to more complete utilization of the coarse abrasive grains since the performance thereof at the last stage, when the protective metallic layer 5 is destroyed. is facilitated by the presence of the exposed abrasive grains. embedded in the layer 3. i
  • the tool has a normal steel body.
  • Matrix material was tungsten carbide and copper.
  • Fine and coarse abrasive grains were natural diamond grains.
  • Size of the fine abrasive grains was -250 ⁇ L.
  • Size of the coarse abrasive grains was 1.5-2.0 mm.
  • a thickness of the layer 3 containing embedded fine abrasive grains varied from 0.8 to 1.3 mm.
  • a thickness of the metallic layer 5 arranged over the rock-destroying surface of the tool varied from 0.4 to 0.7 mm
  • a depth of penetration of the coarse abrasive grains in each of the layers 3 and 5 of the matrix varied from 1/2 to 2/3 of the height of the cutting grains.
  • the charge was impregnated with copper melt.
  • the tool had the consumption of abrasive material per unit of the boring depth of 0.26 karat/m.
  • Fine and coarse abrasive grains were grains of polycrystalline diamonds.
  • a size of the fine abrasive grains was 300-400 ,u..
  • a size of the coarse abrasive grains was 1.5-2.0 mm.
  • a thickness of the layer 3 containing embedded fine abrasive grains varied from 0.8 to 1.5 mm.
  • a thickness of the metallic layer 5 arranged over the rock-destroying surface of the tool varied from 0.3 to 0.7 mm.
  • a depth of penetration of the coarse abrasive grains in each of the layers 3 and 5 of the matrix varied from /2 to We of the height of the cutting grains.
  • this tool had the consumption of the abrasive material per unit of the boring depth of 0.21 karat/m when operating in medium hardness rocks.
  • EXAMPLE 3 abrasive grains were polycrystalline A size of the fine abrasive grains was 400-500 pt.
  • a size of the coarse abrasive grains was 1.5-2.0 mm.
  • a thickness of the layer 3 containing embedded fine abrasive grains varied from 0.7 to 1.6 mm.
  • a thickness of the metallic layer 5 arranged over the rock-destructing surface of the tool varied from 0.4 to 0.6 mm.
  • a depth of penetration of the coarse abrasive grains in each of the matrix layers 3 and 5 varied from V2 to 1% of the height of the cutting grains.
  • this tool had the consumption of a abrasive material per unit of the boring depth of 0.31 karat/m when operating in hard abrasive rocks.
  • a boring tool comprising: a body; a rockdestroying member secured to the body; a matrix of said rock-destroying member; a first metallic layer in said matrix arranged over a rock-destroying surface of the rock-destroying member; a second metallic layer in the matrix containing embedded fine abrasive grains and arranged internally relative to the first metallic layer; cutting elements comprising coarse abrasive grains which are located at the boundary of said two layers and penetrate at /2 /3 in the matrix layer containing embedded grains, while the remaining portion of the coarse grains are located in the exclusively metallic layer of the matrix.
  • the other charge layer being of metal and containing embedded fine abrasive grains uniformly distributed over said charge; said second layer being arranged internally relative to said exclusively metallic layer; placing coarse abrasive grains at the boundary between the metallic layer and the layer containing embedded fine abrasive grains in such a manner that the coarse abrasive grains penetrate into the charge layer containing the fine abrasive grains at /2 while the remaining portion thereof is located in said exclusively metallic charge layer; pressing the charge in a mold against the tool body; and impregnating the charge with a metal melt with subsequent curing until solidification and machining of the tool.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
US430940A 1973-01-03 1974-01-04 Boring tools and method of manufacturing the same Expired - Lifetime US3885637A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SU731862188A SU483863A1 (ru) 1973-01-03 1973-01-03 Способ изготовлени алмазного бурового инструмента

Publications (1)

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US3885637A true US3885637A (en) 1975-05-27

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US430940A Expired - Lifetime US3885637A (en) 1973-01-03 1974-01-04 Boring tools and method of manufacturing the same

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US (1) US3885637A (pt)
DE (1) DE2400062B2 (pt)
FR (1) FR2212482B1 (pt)
GB (1) GB1440401A (pt)
SE (1) SE389711B (pt)
SU (1) SU483863A1 (pt)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2384574A1 (fr) * 1977-03-25 1978-10-20 Skf Ind Trading & Dev Procede pour la fabrication d'une tete de forage pourvue d'elements durs et resistant a l'usure, et tete de forage obtenue a l'aide de ce procede
US4274769A (en) * 1978-04-21 1981-06-23 Acker Drill Company, Inc. Impregnated diamond drill bit construction
US4351401A (en) * 1978-06-08 1982-09-28 Christensen, Inc. Earth-boring drill bits
US4385669A (en) * 1981-08-21 1983-05-31 Paul Knutsen Integral blade cylindrical gauge stabilizer reamer
EP0096591A2 (en) * 1982-06-08 1983-12-21 Boart International Limited Drilling bit
EP0121124A2 (en) * 1983-03-07 1984-10-10 Eastman Christensen Company An improved diamond cutting element in a rotating bit
EP0121802A2 (en) * 1983-03-14 1984-10-17 Eastman Christensen Company Tooth configuration for an earth boring bit
EP0154936A2 (en) * 1984-03-16 1985-09-18 Eastman Christensen Company An exposed polycrystalline diamond mounted in a matrix body drill bit
EP0156235A2 (en) * 1984-03-26 1985-10-02 Eastman Christensen Company Multi-component cutting element using consolidated rod-like polycrystalline diamond
EP0157278A2 (en) * 1984-03-26 1985-10-09 Eastman Christensen Company Multi-component cutting element using polycrystalline diamond disks
US4607711A (en) * 1984-02-29 1986-08-26 Shell Oil Company Rotary drill bit with cutting elements having a thin abrasive front layer
US4792001A (en) * 1986-03-27 1988-12-20 Shell Oil Company Rotary drill bit
US4813500A (en) * 1987-10-19 1989-03-21 Smith International, Inc. Expendable diamond drag bit
US4884477A (en) * 1988-03-31 1989-12-05 Eastman Christensen Company Rotary drill bit with abrasion and erosion resistant facing
US5028177A (en) * 1984-03-26 1991-07-02 Eastman Christensen Company Multi-component cutting element using triangular, rectangular and higher order polyhedral-shaped polycrystalline diamond disks
US5090491A (en) * 1987-10-13 1992-02-25 Eastman Christensen Company Earth boring drill bit with matrix displacing material
US5199832A (en) * 1984-03-26 1993-04-06 Meskin Alexander K Multi-component cutting element using polycrystalline diamond disks
EP0822318A1 (en) * 1996-08-01 1998-02-04 Camco International (UK) Limited Improvements in or relating to rotary drill bits
US6241036B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2001-06-05 Baker Hughes Incorporated Reinforced abrasive-impregnated cutting elements, drill bits including same
US20040238227A1 (en) * 2003-05-28 2004-12-02 Smith Redd H. Superabrasive cutting element having an asperital cutting face and drill bit so equipped
WO2018050796A1 (en) 2016-09-19 2018-03-22 Varel Europe (Société Par Actions Simplifiée) Additive manufacturing of impregnated segments for a drill bit and/or multilayer impregnation of a drill bit

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3993368A (en) * 1975-07-21 1976-11-23 Christensen Diamond Products Company Tool joint wear protectors
CN103510861A (zh) * 2013-10-09 2014-01-15 无锡中地地质装备有限公司 台阶式钻探用钻头
CN115896641B (zh) * 2022-11-10 2024-08-02 泉州众志金刚石工具有限公司 一种低成本的圆锯片及其制作方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2003019A (en) * 1930-09-16 1935-05-28 Stoody Co Method of protectively facing surfaces with abrasion resisting material
US2187384A (en) * 1939-03-14 1940-01-16 J K Smit & Sons Inc Diamond drill bit
US2204826A (en) * 1938-06-01 1940-06-18 Pintsch Julius Kg Grinding tool
US2299207A (en) * 1941-02-18 1942-10-20 Bevil Corp Method of making cutting tools
US2582231A (en) * 1949-02-05 1952-01-15 Wheel Trueing Tool Co Abrasive tool and method of making same
US3471921A (en) * 1965-12-23 1969-10-14 Shell Oil Co Method of connecting a steel blank to a tungsten bit body
US3605923A (en) * 1969-01-24 1971-09-20 Shell Oil Co Diamond bits having diamonds positioned in concentric circles on the drilling face
US3757879A (en) * 1972-08-24 1973-09-11 Christensen Diamond Prod Co Drill bits and methods of producing drill bits

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1499456A (fr) * 1966-09-16 1967-10-27 Rech S Geol Et Minieres Bureau Perfectionnements apportés aux outils de forage rotatifs pour le prélèvement d'échantillons de roches
FR2029963A5 (pt) * 1969-03-19 1970-10-23 Petroles Cie Francaise

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2003019A (en) * 1930-09-16 1935-05-28 Stoody Co Method of protectively facing surfaces with abrasion resisting material
US2204826A (en) * 1938-06-01 1940-06-18 Pintsch Julius Kg Grinding tool
US2187384A (en) * 1939-03-14 1940-01-16 J K Smit & Sons Inc Diamond drill bit
US2299207A (en) * 1941-02-18 1942-10-20 Bevil Corp Method of making cutting tools
US2582231A (en) * 1949-02-05 1952-01-15 Wheel Trueing Tool Co Abrasive tool and method of making same
US3471921A (en) * 1965-12-23 1969-10-14 Shell Oil Co Method of connecting a steel blank to a tungsten bit body
US3605923A (en) * 1969-01-24 1971-09-20 Shell Oil Co Diamond bits having diamonds positioned in concentric circles on the drilling face
US3757879A (en) * 1972-08-24 1973-09-11 Christensen Diamond Prod Co Drill bits and methods of producing drill bits

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2384574A1 (fr) * 1977-03-25 1978-10-20 Skf Ind Trading & Dev Procede pour la fabrication d'une tete de forage pourvue d'elements durs et resistant a l'usure, et tete de forage obtenue a l'aide de ce procede
US4276788A (en) * 1977-03-25 1981-07-07 Skf Industrial Trading & Development Co. B.V. Process for the manufacture of a drill head provided with hard, wear-resistant elements
US4274769A (en) * 1978-04-21 1981-06-23 Acker Drill Company, Inc. Impregnated diamond drill bit construction
US4351401A (en) * 1978-06-08 1982-09-28 Christensen, Inc. Earth-boring drill bits
US4385669A (en) * 1981-08-21 1983-05-31 Paul Knutsen Integral blade cylindrical gauge stabilizer reamer
EP0096591A3 (en) * 1982-06-08 1984-07-11 Boart International Limited Drilling bit
EP0096591A2 (en) * 1982-06-08 1983-12-21 Boart International Limited Drilling bit
EP0121124A2 (en) * 1983-03-07 1984-10-10 Eastman Christensen Company An improved diamond cutting element in a rotating bit
EP0121124A3 (en) * 1983-03-07 1986-01-29 Norton Christensen, Inc. An improved diamond cutting element in a rotating bit
EP0121802A2 (en) * 1983-03-14 1984-10-17 Eastman Christensen Company Tooth configuration for an earth boring bit
EP0121802A3 (en) * 1983-03-14 1986-01-29 Norton Christensen, Inc. Tooth configuration for an earth boring bit
US4607711A (en) * 1984-02-29 1986-08-26 Shell Oil Company Rotary drill bit with cutting elements having a thin abrasive front layer
EP0154936A3 (en) * 1984-03-16 1986-06-11 Norton Christensen, Inc. An exposed polycrystalline diamond mounted in a matrix body drill bit
EP0154936A2 (en) * 1984-03-16 1985-09-18 Eastman Christensen Company An exposed polycrystalline diamond mounted in a matrix body drill bit
US5205684A (en) * 1984-03-26 1993-04-27 Eastman Christensen Company Multi-component cutting element using consolidated rod-like polycrystalline diamond
US5199832A (en) * 1984-03-26 1993-04-06 Meskin Alexander K Multi-component cutting element using polycrystalline diamond disks
EP0156235A2 (en) * 1984-03-26 1985-10-02 Eastman Christensen Company Multi-component cutting element using consolidated rod-like polycrystalline diamond
EP0157278A2 (en) * 1984-03-26 1985-10-09 Eastman Christensen Company Multi-component cutting element using polycrystalline diamond disks
EP0156235B1 (en) * 1984-03-26 1989-05-24 Eastman Christensen Company Multi-component cutting element using consolidated rod-like polycrystalline diamond
EP0157278B1 (en) * 1984-03-26 1989-11-02 Eastman Christensen Company Multi-component cutting element using polycrystalline diamond disks
US5028177A (en) * 1984-03-26 1991-07-02 Eastman Christensen Company Multi-component cutting element using triangular, rectangular and higher order polyhedral-shaped polycrystalline diamond disks
US4792001A (en) * 1986-03-27 1988-12-20 Shell Oil Company Rotary drill bit
US5090491A (en) * 1987-10-13 1992-02-25 Eastman Christensen Company Earth boring drill bit with matrix displacing material
US4813500A (en) * 1987-10-19 1989-03-21 Smith International, Inc. Expendable diamond drag bit
US4884477A (en) * 1988-03-31 1989-12-05 Eastman Christensen Company Rotary drill bit with abrasion and erosion resistant facing
EP0822318A1 (en) * 1996-08-01 1998-02-04 Camco International (UK) Limited Improvements in or relating to rotary drill bits
US6009962A (en) * 1996-08-01 2000-01-04 Camco International (Uk) Limited Impregnated type rotary drill bits
US6241036B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2001-06-05 Baker Hughes Incorporated Reinforced abrasive-impregnated cutting elements, drill bits including same
US6458471B2 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-10-01 Baker Hughes Incorporated Reinforced abrasive-impregnated cutting elements, drill bits including same and methods
US6742611B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2004-06-01 Baker Hughes Incorporated Laminated and composite impregnated cutting structures for drill bits
US20040238227A1 (en) * 2003-05-28 2004-12-02 Smith Redd H. Superabrasive cutting element having an asperital cutting face and drill bit so equipped
US7048081B2 (en) 2003-05-28 2006-05-23 Baker Hughes Incorporated Superabrasive cutting element having an asperital cutting face and drill bit so equipped
WO2018050796A1 (en) 2016-09-19 2018-03-22 Varel Europe (Société Par Actions Simplifiée) Additive manufacturing of impregnated segments for a drill bit and/or multilayer impregnation of a drill bit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE389711B (sv) 1976-11-15
SU483863A1 (ru) 1980-06-15
GB1440401A (en) 1976-06-23
DE2400062B2 (de) 1976-08-26
FR2212482B1 (pt) 1976-06-25
FR2212482A1 (pt) 1974-07-26
DE2400062A1 (de) 1974-08-22

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