US3885310A - Orthodontic appliance - Google Patents
Orthodontic appliance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3885310A US3885310A US370445A US37044573A US3885310A US 3885310 A US3885310 A US 3885310A US 370445 A US370445 A US 370445A US 37044573 A US37044573 A US 37044573A US 3885310 A US3885310 A US 3885310A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- appliance
- recorder
- sensing
- patient
- time
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C3/00—Registering or indicating the condition or the working of machines or other apparatus, other than vehicles
- G07C3/02—Registering or indicating working or idle time only
- G07C3/04—Registering or indicating working or idle time only using counting means or digital clocks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/06—Extra-oral force transmitting means, i.e. means worn externally of the mouth and placing a member in the mouth under tension
Definitions
- This invention relates to removable orthodontic appliances that exert corrective forces on teeth.
- the rate of corrective movement of teeth is a function both of the forces applied to the teeth and the time those forces have been applied. Failure to wear an appliance for the prescribed periods results in reduced corrective movement of the teeth and, in addition, such failure can result in the use of incorrect forces in later stages of the treatment. As treatment progresses, forces are often determined in relation to the effectiveness of forces used in earlier stages. If a patient represents that the program has been fully complied with when in fact it has not, the orthodontist is led to believe that the forces applied earlier were inadequate to cause the desired rate of tooth movement. As a consequence, excessive forces may be chosen which can work to the detriment of the patient.
- a removable orthodontic appliance that exerts corrective forces on teeth, said appliance having means for sensing and recording the amount of time the appliance is in use on the patient.
- the recording means employed in the practice of this invention can be any of a variety of means known in the art. It can be a small or miniaturized electronic instrument, including those on metal oxide semiconductor chips, it can be a charging or discharging cell; it can be a small clock; or it can be any other form desired.
- the recording means may be supported by or incorporated into any desirable part of the structure of the appliance; while the recording means can, if desired, provide a direct visual readout, in a preferred embodiment on the invention, the recorder does not provide a direct visual readout but is connected to a readout device to determine the amount of time the patient has used the headgear. This minimizes tampering with the recorder by the patient.
- a miniaturized battery or the like may be employed and, indeed, the electrolytic activity of the mouth may be utilized to charge a micro circuit or the spring energy of a headgear may be used.
- the selection of an appropriate power source is within the skill of the routineer.
- sensing means may also be employed to actuate the recording means.
- Means responsive to forces developed by the appliance; means responsive to body heat such as a thermistor; means responsive to capacitance, resistance or other attributes of skin electrolytic functions; means responsive to fluids in the mouth; or any other desired means may be employed.
- Means responsive to forces developed by the appliance; means responsive to body heat such as a thermistor; means responsive to capacitance, resistance or other attributes of skin electrolytic functions; means responsive to fluids in the mouth; or any other desired means may be employed.
- Each of the above described sensing means, as well as others, is within the skill of the art. It will be understood that the sensing and recording means may be suitably packaged to protect them from shock, mouth fluids or the like depending on their location.
- this invention contemplates that force sensing means actuated only Within a limited range of forces be employed. This can be effective to prevent an effort to create a false record by applying forces to the applicance when it is not in actual use by the patient.
- this invention contemplates that two attributes be employed to actuate the recording means. For example, temperature and pressure, pressure and conductance, temperature and conductance, pressure and resistance, temperature and resistance, or the like maybe employed to actuate the recording means so that the device will be essentially fool proof. Since the patient would be unaware of which attributes were used, it would be extremely difficult to effect a false reading.
- FIG. 1 is a bottom plan view of a headgear constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention and shows the headgear operatively associated with the upper arch of a patients mouth;
- FIG. 2 is a fragmentary side elevation view taken along the line and in the direction indicated by the arrows 22 in FIG. 1 and shows an adjustment mechanism at one end of the inner bow of the headgear shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a fragmentary front elevation view taken along the line and in the direction indicated by the arrows 33 in FIG. 1 and shows a coil spring in the outer bow of the headgear illustrated in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a fragmentary elevation taken along the line and in the direction of the arrows 4-4 in FIG. 1 and shows a time recorder in the head pad for recording the amount of time the headgear is in use by the patient;
- FIG. 5 is a fragmentary elevation view like FIG. 4 and shows a clock in the head pad for recording the amount of time the headgear is in use by the patient;
- FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the recording instrument incorporated in the headgear as shown in FIG. 4 and its association with a readout instrument plugged into the recording instrument in the orthodontists office;
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating circuit details of the recording instrument shown in. FIG. 4;
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing details of the circuitry of the readout instrument or office monitor used in the or thodontists office and shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 9 is a pictorial view showing how readout is taken in the orthodontists office.
- the headgear 10 includes an inner bow or frame 12 and an outer bow or frame 14.
- a bracket 16 is attached to an upper molar 17 as illustrated in FIG. 1, and an end piece 19 of the inner bow or frame 12 slides into a tube 21 on a bracket 16 until an offset face 23 of the end piece 19 abuts the end of the tube 21.
- the outer bow 14 is connected to the inner bow 12 at the forward end of the inner bow as indicated by the reference numeral 18.
- coil springs 26 may be incorporated in the outer bow at the areas of attachment to the inner bow. These coil springs permit both lateral and longitudinal displacement of the ends of the outer bow to provide cushioning and shock absorption. These coil springs make the headgear more pliable as is required when a patient sleeps with the side of his face on the pillow.
- the ends of the outer bow 14 extend outward alongside the sides of the patients head, and an elastic band 20 is connected to the ends of the outer bow by the hook-on connectors 22.
- the elastic band 20 includes a pad 24 which is engaged with the back of the patients head or neck. The band is stretched when the pad 24 is engaged with the back of the patients head or neck, and this exerts a tension force on the outer bow 14. This tension force is transmitted to the inner bow 12 as the compression force in the inner bow.
- the shoulders 23 on the rods 19 of the inner bow engage the ends of the tubes 21 of the brackets 16 to exert a retraction force on the molars 17.
- the end portions of the inner bow include adjustment means for adjusting the bow with respect to the brackets 16 to adjust the spacing between the inner bow and the front teeth.
- the adjustment means 30 include an inner rod or tube 32 which is fixed to the rod 19 and an outer sleeve or tube 34 which is connected to or integral with the inner bow 12. As shown in FIG. 2 a set screw 36 may be used to retain the parts 32 and 34 in the adjusted position. Other means, such as crimping the parts or threads between the parts, may equally well be used.
- a recorder means such as a clock 40 is attached to the pad 24.
- the clock 40 is actuated to record by a switch connected to the tension band 20.
- the tension closes the switch to start the clock 40.
- time recorder for recording the amount of time that the headgear is used by the patient is shown in FIGS. 4, 6, 7, and 8.
- the time recorder is an electronic instrument 42.
- the recorder 42 is incorporated in the headgear between the ends of the tension band 20 so as to be actuated by stretching of the band.
- the recorder 42 may also be located elsewhere such as at the front of the inner bow 12 between the points of connection 18 to the outer bow 14.
- the recorder 42 is a monolithic integrated CMOS chip which is actuated to record by sensing means responsive to the retraction force produced when the headgear is installed.
- the sensing means comprises a switch associated with the band 20.
- the sensing means may comprise a switch associated with one of the springs 26 or associated with the bracket tube 21 and the surface 23 of the rod at the end of the inner bow.
- the recorder 42 may include force setting means 43 for selecting a limited range of forces for actuating the recorder. This may be done by inserting a key in a slot or by other means. Selecting a limited range of forces tends to minimize tampering. If the force must be very close to that which exists when the headgear is installed, it is difficult for the patient to duplicate that amount of force by stretching the band without installing the headgear.
- the recorder 42 preferably does not visually indicate the amount of the time recorded on the recorder. Instead, the recorder 42 includes connector sockets A and B for connection to corresponding connector pins A and B of a readout instrument 48 as illustrated in FIG. 6.
- the readout instrument or office monitor 48 when plugged into the recorder 42, indicates the amount of time recorded, and thus the amount of time the headgear has been in use by the patient. This minimizes tampering by the patient.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 shows details of the circuitry for the recorder 42 and the monitor 48.
- the headgear 42 comprises one monolithic integrated CMOS chip 50.
- the chip 50 includes an oscillator 52, a divider 54, and a buffer 56.
- a tension operated microswitch 44, the force setting means 43, and a quartz crystal 58 are connected to the oscillator 52.
- a mercury battery 60 is connected to the divider 54.
- Six binary outputs 62 from the buffer 56 count from 0 to 63 days.
- a reset button 64 is connected to the divider 54.
- the office monitor 48 includes a two digit LED (light emitting diodes) display screen 66.
- the display screen is connected to a standard TTL integrated circuit decoder 68.
- Six binary inputs are connected to the decoder 68 and are also connectable to the binary outputs 62 of the recorder.
- a reset button 72 is connected to the decoder 68.
- a power supply 74 is connected to the display screen 66.
- An on/off switch 76 is connected between the power supply 74 and the mains.
- FIG. 9 is a pictorial view showing how readout is taken from the overall system in the orthodontists offree.
- a single coaxial outlet A and a related coaxial plug A are used instead of the two sockets and two connector pins shown in FIG. 6.
- clock 40 and electronic recorder 42 have been illustrated and described, other recorder means may be used as noted earlier.
- a headgear appliance may include, for example, a pressure indicator or recorder including strain gauges, and transducers. Pressure indicators or recorders for headgears are known in the art and are described, inter alia, in US. Pat. Nos. 3,533,163, 3,648,372 and 3,526,035.
- a headgear appliance may also, if desired, include a radio with or without an earpiece so that use of the headgear will be rendered more attractive.
- a removable orthodontic appliance comprising means for exerting corrective forces on teeth, said appliance also including means for sensing when the appliance is being used and means responsive to said sensing means for recording the amount of time the appliance is in use on the patient.
- sensing means are responsive to a skin electrolytic function.
- a removable orthodontic traction appliance of the kind used in orthodontia for retracting the upper teeth of a patient comprising frame means for engaging brackets attached to upper molars to exert a force on the molars, said appliance also including means for sensing when the appliance is being used and means responsive to said sensing means for recording the amount of time the appliance is in use on the patient.
- sensing means include force setting means effective to select a limited range of forces for actuating the recorder.
- An appliance as defined in claim 6 including a pressure indicator or recorder.
- a pad of the kind associated with an elastic band for applying a load to bow structure of an orthodontic traction appliance said pad including means for sensing when said appliance is being used and means responsive to said sensing means for recording the amount of time the appliance is in use.
- a method of correcting the position of teeth of a patient with a removable orthodontic appliance comprising exerting corrective forces on said teeth with said removable appliance, sensing when the appliance is being used with sensing means on said appliance and recording the time said appliance is used by the patient with recorder means on said appliance, said recording means being responsive to said sensing means.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
- Measuring And Recording Apparatus For Diagnosis (AREA)
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US370445A US3885310A (en) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-06-15 | Orthodontic appliance |
CA177,289A CA1009482A (en) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-07-25 | Orthodontic appliance |
AU58598/73A AU468402B2 (en) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-07-27 | Orthodontic appliance |
GB365673*[A GB1412543A (en) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-08-02 | Orthodontic appliance |
DE2341801A DE2341801C3 (de) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-08-17 | Orthodontieeinrichtung |
CH1248873A CH583024A5 (es) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-08-30 | |
FR7331776A FR2204390B1 (es) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-09-03 | |
JP10585973A JPS5632931B2 (es) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-09-19 | |
ES419841A ES419841A1 (es) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-10-22 | Perfeccionamientos en los sistemas de ortodoncia. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US30273472A | 1972-11-01 | 1972-11-01 | |
US370445A US3885310A (en) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-06-15 | Orthodontic appliance |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3885310A true US3885310A (en) | 1975-05-27 |
Family
ID=26973078
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US370445A Expired - Lifetime US3885310A (en) | 1972-11-01 | 1973-06-15 | Orthodontic appliance |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3885310A (es) |
JP (1) | JPS5632931B2 (es) |
AU (1) | AU468402B2 (es) |
CA (1) | CA1009482A (es) |
CH (1) | CH583024A5 (es) |
DE (1) | DE2341801C3 (es) |
ES (1) | ES419841A1 (es) |
FR (1) | FR2204390B1 (es) |
GB (1) | GB1412543A (es) |
Cited By (80)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2820358A1 (de) * | 1978-05-10 | 1979-11-22 | Frohn Hermann Josef | Kieferorthopaedischer apparat |
US4255138A (en) * | 1979-08-31 | 1981-03-10 | Frohn Hermann Josef | Apparatus for use in maxillary orthopaedics |
US4764111A (en) * | 1985-11-21 | 1988-08-16 | Knierim Rupert W | Reminder and enforcer apparatus |
US5245592A (en) * | 1989-07-18 | 1993-09-14 | Hermann-Josef Frohn | Wearing time measuring device for a removable medical apparatus |
WO1997012299A1 (en) * | 1995-09-27 | 1997-04-03 | University Of Washington | Orthodontics headgear compliance monitor |
US5651671A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1997-07-29 | Seay; William J. | Orthodontia analytical system |
WO1998022912A1 (en) | 1996-11-15 | 1998-05-28 | The University Of British Columbia | Dental monitoring system |
US6099303A (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2000-08-08 | University Of Florida | Force recording orthodontic appliance |
AT409216B (de) * | 2001-01-23 | 2002-06-25 | Grabner Gerald Dr | Verfahren zur tragekontrolle von regulierungen |
US20060068353A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-30 | Amir Abolfathi | Systems and methods for dental appliance compliance indication |
US20060166157A1 (en) * | 2001-10-01 | 2006-07-27 | Tariq Rahman | Compliance monitor and method for a medical device |
US20080182218A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2008-07-31 | Chen Jennifer C | Release agent receptacle |
US20100152599A1 (en) * | 2008-09-15 | 2010-06-17 | Duhamel James Brian | Oral appliance compliance monitoring system |
US10123706B2 (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2018-11-13 | Align Technology, Inc. | Intraoral scanner with dental diagnostics capabilities |
US10130445B2 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2018-11-20 | Align Technology, Inc. | Arch expanding appliance |
US10166089B2 (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2019-01-01 | Sandra Vivian KAHN | Maxillary protraction device |
US10248883B2 (en) | 2015-08-20 | 2019-04-02 | Align Technology, Inc. | Photograph-based assessment of dental treatments and procedures |
US10327872B2 (en) | 2014-08-15 | 2019-06-25 | Align Technology, Inc. | Field curvature model for confocal imaging apparatus with curved focal surface |
US10383705B2 (en) | 2016-06-17 | 2019-08-20 | Align Technology, Inc. | Orthodontic appliance performance monitor |
US10390913B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2019-08-27 | Align Technology, Inc. | Diagnostic intraoral scanning |
US10413385B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2019-09-17 | Align Technology, Inc. | Method and system for providing dynamic orthodontic assessment and treatment profiles |
US10421152B2 (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2019-09-24 | Align Technology, Inc. | Laser cutting |
US10449016B2 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2019-10-22 | Align Technology, Inc. | Arch adjustment appliance |
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US10610332B2 (en) | 2012-05-22 | 2020-04-07 | Align Technology, Inc. | Adjustment of tooth position in a virtual dental model |
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Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5647620U (es) * | 1979-09-21 | 1981-04-27 | ||
DE4004048C1 (es) * | 1990-02-10 | 1991-04-11 | Hermann-Josef Dr. 5460 Linz De Frohn |
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US3019658A (en) * | 1962-02-06 | E ehrhart | ||
US3303566A (en) * | 1964-12-02 | 1967-02-14 | Sr Carl J Winkler | Orthodontia appliance and method of making same |
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US3533163A (en) * | 1969-08-18 | 1970-10-13 | Stanley Kirschenbaum | Orthodontia device |
US3563231A (en) * | 1969-02-19 | 1971-02-16 | Tracor | Electronystagmograph control system |
US3648372A (en) * | 1970-09-10 | 1972-03-14 | Stanley Kirschenbaum | Orthodontia device |
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DE1491099A1 (de) * | 1964-08-19 | 1970-02-19 | Dr Dr G P F Schmuth | Pruefkoerper zur Messung der Verweildauer eines kieferorthopaedischen Apparates im Munde des Patienten |
-
1973
- 1973-06-15 US US370445A patent/US3885310A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-07-25 CA CA177,289A patent/CA1009482A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-07-27 AU AU58598/73A patent/AU468402B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-02 GB GB365673*[A patent/GB1412543A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-17 DE DE2341801A patent/DE2341801C3/de not_active Expired
- 1973-08-30 CH CH1248873A patent/CH583024A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-09-03 FR FR7331776A patent/FR2204390B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-09-19 JP JP10585973A patent/JPS5632931B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-10-22 ES ES419841A patent/ES419841A1/es not_active Expired
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS4977488A (es) | 1974-07-25 |
DE2341801B2 (de) | 1981-07-09 |
FR2204390A1 (es) | 1974-05-24 |
JPS5632931B2 (es) | 1981-07-31 |
AU5859873A (en) | 1975-01-30 |
DE2341801C3 (de) | 1982-03-18 |
AU468402B2 (en) | 1976-01-08 |
CH583024A5 (es) | 1976-12-31 |
GB1412543A (en) | 1975-11-05 |
ES419841A1 (es) | 1976-05-16 |
DE2341801A1 (de) | 1974-05-09 |
CA1009482A (en) | 1977-05-03 |
FR2204390B1 (es) | 1977-05-13 |
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