US3885184A - High-pressure discharge lamp - Google Patents

High-pressure discharge lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
US3885184A
US3885184A US332117A US33211773A US3885184A US 3885184 A US3885184 A US 3885184A US 332117 A US332117 A US 332117A US 33211773 A US33211773 A US 33211773A US 3885184 A US3885184 A US 3885184A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
lamp
conductor
discharge tube
wall
lead
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US332117A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bralt Renze Schat
Abraham Timmermans
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
Original Assignee
US Philips Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3885184A publication Critical patent/US3885184A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
    • H01J61/366—Seals for leading-in conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
    • H01J61/361—Seals between parts of vessel
    • H01J61/363—End-disc seals or plug seals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp provided with a discharge tube which includes at least one internal electrode and a current lead-through conductor connected to said electrode.
  • a high-pressure discharge lamp of the kind referred to is described, for example. in French Pat. No. 1,557,527.
  • a drawback of this known discharge lamp is that the ends of the discharge tube in the operating condition often assume too low temperature. This causes too small a vapour pressure in the discharge tube and this in turn leads to a relatively low efficiency, for example, expressed in lumens/watt.
  • Steps were proposed to being these ends of the discharge tube to a higher temperature. But these were steps necessitating extra components such as strips provided about the ends of the discharge tube. Furthermore this had the drawback that several stages had to be added to the manufacture of the lamp.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a highpressure discharge lamp of the kind described in the preamble in which in the operating condition a discharge tube end acquires a sufficiently high temperature and in which this is realized in a simple manner without the complication of strips about such an end.
  • a high-pressure discharge lamp provided with a discharge tube which includes at least one internal electrode and a current lead-through conductor connected to said electrode is characterized in that the resistance of the path of the current leadthrough conductor between the outer wall and the inner wall of the discharge tube is so large that in the operating condition of the lamp the product of this re sistance (in ohms) and the current (in amperes) through this lead-through conductor is more than l.O-.
  • the relatively high voltage drop across the leadthrough path can be realized, for example, by giving the lead-through conductor a slight cross-section at its leadthrough area.
  • the lead-through may consist of a rod or a tube or of a collection of parallel-arranged conductors. In the latter case the joint cross-section of these conductors is of course to be taken into account.
  • the coefficient of expansion of the material of the lead-through conductor is in satisfactory conformity with the coefficient of expansion of the material through which the lead-through conductor protrudes.
  • the material of the lead-through conductor through this member may consist of, for example, niobium. As is known the coefficients of expansion of aluminum oxide and niobium correspond satisfactorily.
  • a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention is preferably formed in such a manner that the current lead-through conductor is also the closing member for the dischage tube.
  • the current lead-through conductor then has a triple function, for it serves for the current supply of the electrode in the discharge tube, furthermore for the evolution of heat at an end of the discharge tube and finally as a closing member for the discharge tube.
  • the coefficient of expansion of the material for the closing member in high-pressure discharge lamps according to the invention preferably differs not more than 3Xl0 "'/C from the coefficient of expansion of the material for the wall of the discharge tube.
  • connection between the closing member and the wall of the discharge vessel may be relatively simple.
  • the wall of the discharge tube mainly consists of a ceramic material, particularly aluminum oxide
  • the path of the current lead-through conductor is preferably a cermet, particularly an aluminum-oxide cermet, whose ceramic constituent has the same composition as the ceramic material for the wall of the discharge tube.
  • Cermet is understood to mean a refractory material consisting of a heterogeneous combination of one or more metals and/or alloys having one or more ceramic phases.
  • An advantage of this embodiment is that for highpressure discharge lamps such as, for example, highpressure sodium vapour discharge lamps or highpressure discharge lamps using mercury and one or more halides in the discharge tube a sealing of the discharge tube can be obtained which is reliable due to the satisfactory conformity between the coefficients of expansion of the parts constituting the discharge tube, which is an additional advantage to the advantage of the simple current lead-through and of sufficiently hot discharge tube ends.
  • this cermet in the case of using an aluminum oxide cermet, also includes a metal selected from the group consisting of iron and molybdenum and a connecting conductor of the cermet includes this same metal.
  • An advantage of this preferred embodiment is that the adhesion of this connecting conductor to the cermet, if this connecting conductor is (partly) inserted into the cermet. is satisfactory because an intimate contact is possible between the metal of the connecting conductor and the metal phase of the cermet.
  • the discharge tube not only includes the first internal electrode but also a second internal electrode and the second internal electrode is connected to a second current leadthrough conductor whose resistance of the path between the outer wall and the inner wall of the discharge tube is so large that in the operating condition of the lamp the product of this resistance (in ohms) and the current (in amperes) through this second current leadthrough conductor is more than 1.0-.
  • This lamp is that none of the two ends can become too cold This lamp can therefore be used. for example, in more operating positions than a lamp whose discharge tube has only one tube end which can be maintained at a sufficiently high temperature.
  • the drawing shows a longitudinal section of a highpressure discharge lamp according to the invention
  • the lamp shown is a high-pressure sodium vapour discharge lamp of 400 Watts.
  • 1 denotes a discharge tube. This tube is surrounded by an outer envelope 2.
  • 3 denotes a lamp cap.
  • the discharge tube 1 has a cylindrical wall (4) consisting of densely sintered (polycrystalline) aluminum oxide. This wall may alternatively consist of, for example, sapphire.
  • the tube 1 is sealed by means of two eylindrical studs 5 and 6 of an aluminum oxide cermet In the relevant ease this was a molybdenum/aluminum oxide cermet.
  • the studs 5 and 6 are secured to the ends of the tube wall 4 by means of melting glass
  • a molybdenum rod 7 leading to an internal electrode 8 is secured in the stud 5.
  • 9 denotes a molybdenum current supply rod.
  • stud 6 is provided with molybdenum rods 10 and 12, rod 10 leading to a sccond internal electrode (1]).
  • l3 denotes a terminal wire which is connected to the rod 9.
  • the operating voltage of the lamp shown was approx imately lOS Volts and the lamp current was approximately 44 amperes.
  • the cermet studs 5 and 6 had a re' sistance between the rods 9 and 7 and between the rods 12 and 10 of approximately 0.4 Ohm. The voltage drop across each of these studs was consequently approximately 4.4 X 0.4 1.76 Volts. Thus, this was more than the said value of 1.0-Volt.
  • Each of the cermet studs 5 and 6 had a diameter of approximately 10 mms and a thickness between the rods of approximately I mm.
  • the specific resistivity, p (rho). of this cermet was approximately 0.4 Ohm.cm.
  • the volume ratio between molybdenum and aluminum oxide was approximately 1 80.
  • the difference in coefficient of expansion relative to that of wall 4 was less than 3.l0 Ct
  • the evolved heat in each of the studs 5 and 6 was approximately 7.5 Joule/second. This was sufficient to maintain these ends of the tube 1 at a temperatureof approximately ],U50 Kelvin.
  • a high-pressure discharge lamp for use with an aslead-through conductor connected to said electrode the electrical resistance of the path of the current through said lead-through conductor between the outer wall and the inner wall of the discharge tube being so large that in the operating condition of the lamp.
  • the product of said resistance (in ohms) and the current (in ampcres) through said lead-through conductor is more than [0.
  • a high-pressure discharge lamp comprising a discharge tube which includes at least one internal electrode and a current lead-through conductor connected to said electrode, the electrical l'CSlSlill'll c of the path of the current through said lead-through conductor between the outer wall and the inner wall of the discharge tube being so large that in the operating condition of the lamp, the product of said resistance (in ohms) and the current (in amperes) through said lead'through conductor is more than 1.0 said current lead-through conductor being also the closing member for the discharge tube.

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
US332117A 1972-02-21 1973-02-13 High-pressure discharge lamp Expired - Lifetime US3885184A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NLAANVRAGE7202269,A NL170574C (nl) 1972-02-21 1972-02-21 Hogedrukontladingslamp.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3885184A true US3885184A (en) 1975-05-20

Family

ID=19815430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US332117A Expired - Lifetime US3885184A (en) 1972-02-21 1973-02-13 High-pressure discharge lamp

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3885184A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5629335B2 (fr)
AT (1) AT327320B (fr)
BE (1) BE795679A (fr)
CA (1) CA963075A (fr)
DE (1) DE2307189C3 (fr)
ES (1) ES411788A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2173091B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1361773A (fr)
IT (1) IT977810B (fr)
NL (1) NL170574C (fr)
SE (1) SE377224B (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3996487A (en) * 1975-05-14 1976-12-07 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Ceramic discharge lamp with reduced heat drain
US4092560A (en) * 1974-01-15 1978-05-30 Chemokomplex Vegyipari Gepes Berendezes Export-Import Vallalat Vapor discharge lamp cermet electrode-closure and method of making
US4155758A (en) * 1975-12-09 1979-05-22 Thorn Electrical Industries Limited Lamps and discharge devices and materials therefor
US4155757A (en) * 1976-03-09 1979-05-22 Thorn Electrical Industries Limited Electric lamps and components and materials therefor
EP0175502A2 (fr) * 1984-08-31 1986-03-26 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Tube à décharge pour une lampe à décharge à capteur métallique à haute pression et sa méthode de fabrication
US4599543A (en) * 1983-10-14 1986-07-08 General Electric Company Time fuse for high pressure sodium lamps
US5404078A (en) * 1991-08-20 1995-04-04 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High-pressure discharge lamp and method of manufacture

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ182774A (en) * 1975-12-09 1979-06-19 Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd Electrically conducting cermet
DE3063533D1 (en) * 1979-11-12 1983-07-07 Emi Plc Thorn An electrically conducting cermet, its production and use
GB8519582D0 (en) * 1985-08-03 1985-09-11 Emi Plc Thorn Discharge lamps

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2880369A (en) * 1957-07-10 1959-03-31 Engelhard Ind Inc High pressure vapor arc lamp
US3742283A (en) * 1971-10-28 1973-06-26 Gte Sylvania Inc Press seal for lamp having fused silica envelope

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3480823A (en) * 1966-08-12 1969-11-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Sealed discharge device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2880369A (en) * 1957-07-10 1959-03-31 Engelhard Ind Inc High pressure vapor arc lamp
US3742283A (en) * 1971-10-28 1973-06-26 Gte Sylvania Inc Press seal for lamp having fused silica envelope

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4092560A (en) * 1974-01-15 1978-05-30 Chemokomplex Vegyipari Gepes Berendezes Export-Import Vallalat Vapor discharge lamp cermet electrode-closure and method of making
US3996487A (en) * 1975-05-14 1976-12-07 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Ceramic discharge lamp with reduced heat drain
US4155758A (en) * 1975-12-09 1979-05-22 Thorn Electrical Industries Limited Lamps and discharge devices and materials therefor
US4155757A (en) * 1976-03-09 1979-05-22 Thorn Electrical Industries Limited Electric lamps and components and materials therefor
US4599543A (en) * 1983-10-14 1986-07-08 General Electric Company Time fuse for high pressure sodium lamps
EP0175502A2 (fr) * 1984-08-31 1986-03-26 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Tube à décharge pour une lampe à décharge à capteur métallique à haute pression et sa méthode de fabrication
EP0175502A3 (en) * 1984-08-31 1987-08-19 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. A discharge tube for a high pressure metal vapour discharge lamp and a method of manufacturing the same
US4800320A (en) * 1984-08-31 1989-01-24 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Discharge tube for a high pressure metal vapor discharge lamp and a method of manufacturing the same
US5404078A (en) * 1991-08-20 1995-04-04 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High-pressure discharge lamp and method of manufacture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2307189C3 (de) 1981-12-17
AU5224073A (en) 1974-08-22
ES411788A1 (es) 1976-01-01
FR2173091B1 (fr) 1977-12-23
NL7202269A (fr) 1973-08-23
JPS5629335B2 (fr) 1981-07-08
AT327320B (de) 1976-01-26
DE2307189B2 (de) 1981-04-02
NL170574B (nl) 1982-06-16
JPS4897383A (fr) 1973-12-12
IT977810B (it) 1974-09-20
BE795679A (fr) 1973-08-20
NL170574C (nl) 1982-11-16
FR2173091A1 (fr) 1973-10-05
DE2307189A1 (de) 1973-08-30
CA963075A (en) 1975-02-18
GB1361773A (en) 1974-07-30
ATA144573A (de) 1975-04-15
SE377224B (fr) 1975-06-23

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