US3885182A - Lamp having light diffusing envelope - Google Patents

Lamp having light diffusing envelope Download PDF

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Publication number
US3885182A
US3885182A US399100A US39910073A US3885182A US 3885182 A US3885182 A US 3885182A US 399100 A US399100 A US 399100A US 39910073 A US39910073 A US 39910073A US 3885182 A US3885182 A US 3885182A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
envelope
glass
lamp
light diffusing
filament
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US399100A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gordon P K Chu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GTE Sylvania Inc
Original Assignee
GTE Sylvania Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GTE Sylvania Inc filed Critical GTE Sylvania Inc
Priority to US399100A priority Critical patent/US3885182A/en
Priority to JP49109447A priority patent/JPS5058885A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3885182A publication Critical patent/US3885182A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
    • C03C10/0054—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing PbO, SnO2, B2O3
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/28—Envelopes; Vessels

Definitions

  • An incandescent lamp has an envelope made of partially crystallized glass in order to diffuse the light em- [56] References (med anating from the filament.
  • Incandescent lamps generally have a light diffusing envelope in order to eliminate the harsh glare of an incandescent filament.
  • the envelope is made light diffusing by etching the inner surface of the lamp envelope with hydrofluoric acid, as disclosed in US. Pat. No. 1,687,510.
  • An incandescent lamp in accordance with this invention has an envelope that is made of uniformly partially crystallized glass.
  • the glass is not transparent but translucent, i.e. light diffusing, and is efficient in the transmission of visible light therethrough.
  • the crystallized glass is readily workable so that it can be sealed to the flare of the usual glass stem press at the base of the lamp.
  • FIGURE in the drawing is an elevational view, partly in section, of an incandescent lamp in accordance with this invention.
  • an incandescent lamp in ac cordance with this invention comprises a crystallized glass envelope 1 which can contain a gaseous filling such as nitrogen and argon.
  • the bottom of envelope 1 is sealed to flare 2 of the usual stem press glass mount 10.
  • Lead-in wires 3 extend through and are supported by stem press 4 of glass mount 10.
  • a coiled tungsten filament 5 is supported between the upper ends of lead-in wires 3.
  • Lead-in wires 3 extend downward between tipped off exhaust tube 6 and flare 2.
  • One of the lead-in wires is connected to center contact 7 of the usual screw base 8 which is fastened to the bottom of envelope I, while the other lead-in wire is connected to the rim of base 8.
  • the glass envelope was made from a glass having the following composition, by weight:
  • the raw materials providing these oxide ingredients were mixed and heated in a refractory tank or container at 1350 to 1400C for 3 to 8 hours to form uniformly melted glass from which lamp envelopes were formed.
  • the glass envelopes were transpar ent, having a light transmission of about 99%.
  • the glass envelopes were then nucleated and crystallized by heating under a controlled schedule at a rate of 15 to 20C per minute.
  • crystallization was carried out in two stages. First, the envelopes were maintained at a temperature of 500565C for about 10 minutes. This first stage crystallization temperature range is about 50C above the lower annealing temperature (475500C) of the glass.
  • Mount 10 is usually made ofGl2 glass, which is a low temperature, soft, high lead glass, most suitable for sealing dumet wire 11 which is part of lead-in wire 3.
  • Crystallizable glasses suitable for lamp envelopes of this invention have a composition within the following limits: Li O 8 to 20%; Na O and/or K 0 1 to 7%; SiO 45 to 72%; M 0 4 to 20%; C210 and/or SrO and/or BaO and/or MgO 0.6 to 7%; B 0 1 to 4%", As O and/or Sb O and/or P 0 and/or M00 2 to 7%.
  • the nucleation and crystallization temperature of these glasses is about 520 to 820C, which process changes the glass from transparent to translucent, but having high efficiency of light transmission, say, at least about
  • the nucleation temperature is between about 520 to 560C. This means that if a lamp envelope is formed directly from the hot glass melt, the envelope must be cooled to the nucleation temperature, or preferably below said temperature, before it is reheated to the crystallization temperature.
  • An incandescent lamp comprising a filament disposed within a light diffusing uniformly crystallized glass envelope, the entire envelope being crystallized, which is sealed at its lower end to the flare of a stern press glass mount, the envelope having a high efficiency of light transmission, the glass composition of said envelope being as follows:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
US399100A 1973-09-20 1973-09-20 Lamp having light diffusing envelope Expired - Lifetime US3885182A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US399100A US3885182A (en) 1973-09-20 1973-09-20 Lamp having light diffusing envelope
JP49109447A JPS5058885A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1973-09-20 1974-09-20

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US399100A US3885182A (en) 1973-09-20 1973-09-20 Lamp having light diffusing envelope

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3885182A true US3885182A (en) 1975-05-20

Family

ID=23578144

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US399100A Expired - Lifetime US3885182A (en) 1973-09-20 1973-09-20 Lamp having light diffusing envelope

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3885182A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
JP (1) JPS5058885A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4045156A (en) * 1974-12-23 1977-08-30 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Photoflash lamp
US4189325A (en) * 1979-01-09 1980-02-19 The Board of Regents, State of Florida, University of Florida Glass-ceramic dental restorations
US5925582A (en) * 1996-05-13 1999-07-20 U.S. Philips Corporation Glass composition suitable for use in a fluorescent lamp, lamp envelope manufactured from said glass composition and fluorescent lamp provided with a lamp envelope of said glass composition
US5977001A (en) * 1996-12-17 1999-11-02 General Electric Company Glass composition
US6333286B1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2001-12-25 Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Glass composition and substrate for information recording media comprising the same
WO2002046116A1 (en) * 2000-12-05 2002-06-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lead-free amber-colored electric lamp
US20080227616A1 (en) * 2004-01-05 2008-09-18 Ulrich Peuchert Use of Glass Ceramics

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59157947A (ja) * 1983-02-25 1984-09-07 東芝ライテック株式会社 電球
JPS59169054A (ja) * 1983-03-17 1984-09-22 東芝ライテック株式会社 電球
JPS609051A (ja) * 1983-06-28 1985-01-18 東芝ライテック株式会社 電球

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1864271A (en) * 1924-09-13 1932-06-21 Westinghouse Lamp Co Inside coated lamp bulb
US2017733A (en) * 1933-05-05 1935-10-15 Sakakura Yukitoshi Process for frosting glass bulbs for incandescent lamps
US2073237A (en) * 1937-03-09 Inside-frosted incandescent
US3238085A (en) * 1960-12-26 1966-03-01 Agency Ind Science Techn Process for manufacturing ceramiclike products from glass by microscopic crystallization
US3363134A (en) * 1965-12-08 1968-01-09 Gen Electric Arc discharge lamp having polycrystalline ceramic arc tube
US3368712A (en) * 1960-07-05 1968-02-13 Ritter Pfaudler Corp Semicrystalline glass and method of applying the same to metallic bases
US3504819A (en) * 1966-02-21 1970-04-07 Owens Illinois Inc Lamp envelopes
US3625718A (en) * 1967-04-13 1971-12-07 Owens Illinois Inc New thermally crystallizable glasses and low expansion transparent translucent and opaque ceramics made therefrom

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2073237A (en) * 1937-03-09 Inside-frosted incandescent
US1864271A (en) * 1924-09-13 1932-06-21 Westinghouse Lamp Co Inside coated lamp bulb
US2017733A (en) * 1933-05-05 1935-10-15 Sakakura Yukitoshi Process for frosting glass bulbs for incandescent lamps
US3368712A (en) * 1960-07-05 1968-02-13 Ritter Pfaudler Corp Semicrystalline glass and method of applying the same to metallic bases
US3238085A (en) * 1960-12-26 1966-03-01 Agency Ind Science Techn Process for manufacturing ceramiclike products from glass by microscopic crystallization
US3363134A (en) * 1965-12-08 1968-01-09 Gen Electric Arc discharge lamp having polycrystalline ceramic arc tube
US3504819A (en) * 1966-02-21 1970-04-07 Owens Illinois Inc Lamp envelopes
US3625718A (en) * 1967-04-13 1971-12-07 Owens Illinois Inc New thermally crystallizable glasses and low expansion transparent translucent and opaque ceramics made therefrom

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4045156A (en) * 1974-12-23 1977-08-30 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Photoflash lamp
US4189325A (en) * 1979-01-09 1980-02-19 The Board of Regents, State of Florida, University of Florida Glass-ceramic dental restorations
US5925582A (en) * 1996-05-13 1999-07-20 U.S. Philips Corporation Glass composition suitable for use in a fluorescent lamp, lamp envelope manufactured from said glass composition and fluorescent lamp provided with a lamp envelope of said glass composition
US5977001A (en) * 1996-12-17 1999-11-02 General Electric Company Glass composition
US6333286B1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2001-12-25 Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Glass composition and substrate for information recording media comprising the same
WO2002046116A1 (en) * 2000-12-05 2002-06-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lead-free amber-colored electric lamp
US20080227616A1 (en) * 2004-01-05 2008-09-18 Ulrich Peuchert Use of Glass Ceramics

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5058885A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1975-05-21

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