US3884564A - Device for making a pair of stereo-maps - Google Patents

Device for making a pair of stereo-maps Download PDF

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Publication number
US3884564A
US3884564A US273772A US27377272A US3884564A US 3884564 A US3884564 A US 3884564A US 273772 A US273772 A US 273772A US 27377272 A US27377272 A US 27377272A US 3884564 A US3884564 A US 3884564A
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United States
Prior art keywords
recording sheet
sheet
recording
slider
support means
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Expired - Lifetime
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US273772A
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English (en)
Inventor
Munesato Yamada
Shuji Yoshida
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Nikon Corp
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Nippon Kogaku KK
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Assigned to NIKON CORPORATION, 2-3, MARUNOUCHI 3-CHOME, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, JAPAN reassignment NIKON CORPORATION, 2-3, MARUNOUCHI 3-CHOME, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, JAPAN CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE APR. 1, 1988 Assignors: NIPPON KOGAKU, K.K.
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
    • G01C11/04—Interpretation of pictures
    • G01C11/06—Interpretation of pictures by comparison of two or more pictures of the same area
    • G01C11/28—Special adaptation for recording picture point data, e.g. for profiles

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A device for and a method of making a pair of stereomaps from a series of sections obtained by sectioning an object at various levels.
  • the device comprises support means having a first recording sheet fixed thereon, a second recording sheet placed over the first sheet and duplicating means interposed between the two sheets.
  • a manually operable slider is mounted on the work bench to slide the second recording sheet in the direction X.
  • An optical system is provided for projecting one of the series of sections vertically on the second recording sheet so that projected image may be traced on the second recording sheet.
  • the manually operable slider is adapted to slide the second recording sheet in the direction X to effect a parallax corresponding to the perspective of a new section to be traced on the second recording sheet.
  • the device may further include third and fourth recording sheets disposed on the support means, a manually operable slider for sliding the third and fourth sheets in the direction Y, a deviator coupled to the latter slider to deviate the fourth recording sheet in the direction X, and duplicating means interposed between the third and fourth recording sheets.
  • the pair of stereo-photos has only allowed three-dimensional perception of the exterior configuration of an object and not of the interior of the object.
  • the device can make a pair of stereo-maps which not only enables the external configuration of human viscera to be observed stereoscopically from a number of fragments of such viscera, but also enables the perspective of the interior of such viscera to be observed in stereo-vision.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention and illustrating the principle of the invention
  • FIGS. 2(0), 2(1)), 2(0), 2(d), 2(a) and 2U) show a cone as an object and a series of sections taken at various levels thereof;
  • FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) show a pair of stereo-maps made of a series of contour lines as the cone of FIG. 2(j) is viewed vertically thereof;
  • FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) show a pair of stereo-maps made of a series of contour points as the cone of FIG. 2(f) is viewed horizontally thereof.
  • a film F carries thereon photographic images 1", 2", 3", 4 and 5 which correspond to cross-sections 1, 2, 3, 4' and 5' of a cone, as shown in FIGS. 2(a) to 2(e
  • a light source L is provided at one side of the film F to illuminate same and a lens 2 is provided at the other side of the film to project therethrough the photographic images carried on the film F.
  • a half-mirror M is provided below the projection lens 2 to split into two directions an image formed through the projection lens 2.
  • Mirrors M M and M are arranged so that the image formed through the projection lens 2 may be separately directed to recording sheets 8 and 12.
  • the mirror M is rotatable about a vertical axis I so as to adjust the positions of the aforesaid sectional images.
  • the mirror M is also rotatably mounted for a reason which will later be described.
  • a first recording sheet 6 is fixed on a work bench 7.
  • a slider 10 holds a second recording sheet 8 and is slidable in the direction XX' upon rotation of a knob 9.
  • a sheet of carbon paper 11 is interposed between the first recording sheet 6 and the second recording sheet 8.
  • a slider 15 holds a third recording sheet 14 and is slidable in the direction YY' upon rotation of a knob 17.
  • a deviator 13 holds a fourth recording sheet 12 and is slidable in the direction XX'. The deviator 13 is secured to the slider 15 at right angles thereto by means of guide sheath 23, and is movable with the slider 15 in the direction YY.
  • a guide rule 19, for guiding the deviator 13, is swingable about a point 25 in a plane parallel to the horizontal plane of the bench 7 upon rotation of a knob 18, and the deviator 13 is biased toward the guide rule 19 by a spring 24. Automatic deviation of the deviator 13 in the direction X-X' may be effected due to the contact of one end thereof with the guide rule 19, and the amount of the deviation of the deviator 13 may be adjusted by swinging the guide rule 19 in the horizontal plane.
  • the fourth recording sheet 12 is formed with a plurality of straight lines 1", 2", 3", 4" and 5" extending in the direction XX and corresponding to the levels 1, 2', 3, 4' and 5 of the aforesaid sections through the cone.
  • a sheet of carbon paper 20 is interposed between and in intimate contact with the third recording sheet 14 and the fourth recording sheet 12; and the first and second recording sheets 6 and 8 are 3 in intimate contact with the carbon paper 11 therebetween.
  • the film F is moved until the sectional image 2 photographed thereon is coincident with the optical axis of the projection lens 2, whereafter the sectional image 2" is projected on the second recording sheet 8.
  • the knob 9 is rotated so that the second recording sheet 8 is deviated in the direction X-X by an amount corresponding to the aforesaid height, from the position where the projected sectional image 1" has been traced on the second recording sheet 8. It is the second recording sheet 8 alone that is deviated in the direction X-X', because the first recording sheet 6 is fixed to the bench 7. As a result, a parallax corresponding to the height from the section 1 to the section 2' has been effected.
  • the sectional images 2" to may all be traced on the second and first sheets, thereby to provide a pair of stereo-maps as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the exterior of the cone may be stereoscopically perceived as if the cone were actually seen from above it, and the interior perspective of the cone may be perceived in stereo-vision as if the cone were transparent.
  • the film F is moved until the sectional image 1" photographed thereon is alined with the optical axis of the projection lens 2.
  • the sectional image 1" is projected on the fourth recording sheet 12 via half-mirror M and mirrors M and M
  • the knob 17 is then rotated to move the fourth recording sheet 12 so that the projected sectional image 1" is tangent to the line 1" on the fourth recording sheet which corresponds to the section 1 of the cone, whereafter the tangential point is plotted on the fourth recording sheet'l2.
  • the tangential point is duplicated on the third sheet 14 with the aid of the carbon paper 20 interposed between the recording sheets 12 and 14. This point is the point A indicated in FIGS. 1 and 4(a) and 4(b).
  • the knob 17 is rotated to displace the fourth recording sheet 12 in the direction Y by any desired amount, whereupon the point of intersection between the projected sectional image 1" and the aforesaid line 1" is again plotted on the fourth recording sheet 12.
  • the knob 17 is further rotated to displace the recording sheets 14 and 12 together in the direction y by an equal amount, and the fourth recording sheet 12 alone is also displaced in the direction X with the aid of the guide member 19.
  • the fourth recording sheet 12 is deviated in the direction x with respect to the third recording sheet 14.
  • a parallax is given by such deviation. This amount of deviation is determined by the inclination of the guide member 19 in the horizontal plane.
  • the inclination of the guide member 19 is adjusted so as to give a parallax corresponding to the horizontal depth of the point at which the point of intersection between each projected sectional image 1"5" and each corresponding lines 1'5" on the recording sheet 12 is plotted on the sheet 12.
  • contour lines representing the sectional images 2 to 5 may be plotted on the straight lines 2" to 5" on the recording sheet 12, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b).
  • a pair of stereo-maps may be completed as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b).
  • the exterior of the 'cone may be stereoscopically perceived as if it were actually viewed horizontally and a perspective of the interior of the cone may be perceived in stereo-vision as if it were transparent. Since the mirror M is rotatably mounted, the stereomaps of the object, as viewed in any desired horizontal direction, can be perceived.
  • a device for graphically reconstructing a series of sections, each of which is obtained by sectioning an object at various levels thereof, in the form of paired stereo-maps for observation with a stereoscope comprising:
  • optical system for projecting one of said series of sections on the second sheet so that the projected image of said one section may be traced on said second recording sheet.
  • said optical system including a projection lens and reflection means, the latter being adjustable to adjust the position of each projected sectional image relatively to said second recording sheet;
  • said manually operable slider sliding said second recording sheet in said one direction to give a parallax in accordance with the perspective of a new section to be traced on said second recording sheet.
  • a device for graphically reconstructing a series of sections, each of which is obtained by sectioning an object at various levels thereof, in the form of paired stereo-maps for observation with a stereoscope comprising:
  • a manually operable slider mounted on said support means to slide said first and second recording sheets in one direction;
  • said second recording sheet being provided with a plurality of straight lines thereon, each of which corresponds to each of the various levels of the sectioned object and is at right angles to said direction;
  • a deviator (13, 16, 24, 19, 18) coupled to said slider to deviate said second recording sheet (12) in a second direction when said first and second recording sheets are slid in said one direction by said slider;
  • optical system includes a projection lens and reflection means, the latter being adjustable to adjust the position of each projected sectional image relatively to said second recording sheet.
  • a device for graphically reconstructing a series of sections, each of which is obtained by sectioning an object at various levels thereof, in the form of paired stereo-maps for observation with a stereoscope comprising:
  • a manually operable slider (10, 9) mounted on said support means to slide said second recording sheet in one direction;
  • said manually operable slider sliding said second recording sheet in said one direction to give a parallax in accordance with the perspective of a new section to be traced on said second recording sheet;
  • a second optical system for projecting one of said series of sections to form an image on said second recording sheet
  • a manually operable slider (15, 17) mounted onsaid support means to slide said third and fourth recording sheets in one direction;
  • said fourth recording sheet being provided with a plurality of straight lines thereon, each of which corresponds to each of the various levels of the sectioned object and is at right angles to said direction;
  • a deviator (13, 16, 24, 19, 18) coupled to said slider to deviate said fourth recording sheet (12) in a second direction when said third and fourth recording sheets are slid in said one direction by said slider;
  • a device for graphically reconstructing a series of sections, each of which is obtained by sectioning an object at various levels thereof, in the form of paired stereo-maps for observation with a stereoscope comprising:
  • a manually operable slider (10, 9) mounted on said support means to slide the second recording sheet in one direction;
  • optical system for projecting one of said series of sections on the second sheet so that the projected image of said one section may be traced on the second recording sheets
  • said optical system including a projection lens and reflection means, the latter being adjustable to adjust the position of each projected sectional image relatively to said second recording sheet
  • said manually operable slider adapted to slide the second recording sheet in said one direction to give a parallax in accordance with the perspective of a new section to be traced on the second recording sheet.
  • a manually operable slider mounted on said support means adapted to slide the first and second recording sheets in one direction;
  • a deviator (l3, 16, 24, 19, 18) coupled to said slider and adapted to deviate the second recording sheet (12) in a second direction when the first and second recording sheets are slid in said one direction by said slider.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Stereoscopic And Panoramic Photography (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
US273772A 1971-08-05 1972-07-21 Device for making a pair of stereo-maps Expired - Lifetime US3884564A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5863271A JPS5341536B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-08-05 1971-08-05

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US3884564A true US3884564A (en) 1975-05-20

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JP (1) JPS5341536B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS554992U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1978-06-26 1980-01-12
JPS5780950A (en) * 1980-11-07 1982-05-20 Automob Antipollut & Saf Res Center Wiper blade for high-speed vehicle
GB8314370D0 (en) * 1983-05-24 1983-06-29 Trico Folberth Ltd Anti-windlift wiper arm and blade assemblies

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2587585A (en) * 1945-06-29 1952-03-04 Sperry Corp Apparatus for producing stereoscopic pictures
US3182398A (en) * 1960-04-23 1965-05-11 Galileo Societa Per Azioni Off Pantograph operated stereo-photographic apparatus for plotting profiles

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2587585A (en) * 1945-06-29 1952-03-04 Sperry Corp Apparatus for producing stereoscopic pictures
US3182398A (en) * 1960-04-23 1965-05-11 Galileo Societa Per Azioni Off Pantograph operated stereo-photographic apparatus for plotting profiles

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Publication number Publication date
JPS5341536B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-11-04
JPS4825532A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-04-03

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Owner name: NIKON CORPORATION, 2-3, MARUNOUCHI 3-CHOME, CHIYOD

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:NIPPON KOGAKU, K.K.;REEL/FRAME:004935/0584