US3878039A - Paper machine headbox having convergent throat portion - Google Patents

Paper machine headbox having convergent throat portion Download PDF

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Publication number
US3878039A
US3878039A US362082A US36208273A US3878039A US 3878039 A US3878039 A US 3878039A US 362082 A US362082 A US 362082A US 36208273 A US36208273 A US 36208273A US 3878039 A US3878039 A US 3878039A
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United States
Prior art keywords
stock
depth
mixing chamber
slice
headbox
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US362082A
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English (en)
Inventor
John Gilbert Descary
Ramamurthy Gopal Krishnan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Canada Co
Valmet Montreal Inc
Original Assignee
Dominion Engineering Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dominion Engineering Works Ltd filed Critical Dominion Engineering Works Ltd
Priority to US05/556,118 priority Critical patent/US3977938A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3878039A publication Critical patent/US3878039A/en
Assigned to VALMET-DOMINION INC. reassignment VALMET-DOMINION INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: CANADIAN GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED,, DOMINION ENGINEERING WORKS LIMITED
Assigned to VALMET-DOMINION INC. reassignment VALMET-DOMINION INC. MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CANADIAN GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED- COMPANIE GENERAL ELECTRIQUE DU CANADA LIMITEE
Assigned to CANADIAN GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED- COMPAGNIE GENERALE ELECTRIQUE DU CANADA LIMITEE reassignment CANADIAN GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED- COMPAGNIE GENERALE ELECTRIQUE DU CANADA LIMITEE CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DOMINION ENGINEERING WORKS LIMITED
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/02—Head boxes of Fourdrinier machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/02—Head boxes of Fourdrinier machines
    • D21F1/026—Details of the turbulence section
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/02—Head boxes of Fourdrinier machines
    • D21F1/028—Details of the nozzle section

Definitions

  • This invention is directed to a headbox for use with a web forming machine and to a method of fabricating a portion of the box.
  • Paper making and allied web forming machines utilize head boxes extending across the width of the machine in order to transform a flow of stock conveyed in a pipe by a fan pump into a uniform broad flat stream of controlled turbulence characteristic moving at a substantially uniform velocity for deposition onto a moving wire or between a pair of such wires.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a form of head box suitable for web forming machines extending up to considerable widths.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide controlled micro-turbulence in the issuing stock.
  • a further object ofthe present invention is to provide a head box of straightforward design suitable for low cost manufacture.
  • a further object is the provision of a head box providing satisfactory operation over a wide flow range and capable of operating with a number of different stock furnishes.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a head box possessing structural integrity and suited to the limited space available in twin wire forming machines.
  • a further object of this invention is the provision of a method of fabricating a slender approach section having great structural strength in a light structure. to provide predetermined flow characteristic at relatively low cost.
  • a distributor section having an elongated tapered header extending in a cross-machine direction to receive stock from a stock supply.
  • a mixing chamber of shallow depth A extending across the machine and connected to the header by a plurality of substantially uniformly spaced flow connections. the flow connections entering one face of the mixing chamber adjacent the chamber back wall to produce impingement of stock against the opposing chamber face spaced the distance A therefrom. before flowing to an exit throat of depth E" spaced a distance L' from the chamber back wall.
  • the ratio of mixing chamber length to height. L/A being equal to or greater than 6.
  • the invention further provides a head box wherein the ratio of the mixing chamber depth to the throat depth A/E. is greater than 3.
  • the flow connections comprise a plurality of connection pipes having an internal diameter D spaced from each other at centre distances C" along the header.
  • the diffusion ratio N' of the stock flow entering the 2 mixing chamber being represented by the expression A X C/ /4 11' D where N has a value in the range L9 to 3.5.
  • FIG. 1 is a view from the back of the machine showing the flow header connection
  • FIG. 2 is a section of the head box in conjunction with a portion of a twin-wire web forming machine. looking in the cross-machine direction;
  • FIG. 3 is a similar view of an alternative arrangement of the head box used in conjunction with a single wire wet end
  • FIG. 4 is a section at 44 of FIG. 2.
  • the headbox arrangement comprises a tapered header 12 extending in the cross-machine direction having a plurality of connection pipes 14 extending upwardly in the present instance to the mixing chamber I6.
  • the mixing chamber 16 has a back wall 18. a chantber top face 20 and a bottom face 22 spaced therefrom. Reference characters relating to relative dimension proportions will be found in FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • the depth of the mixing chamber A. across which the inflowing stock from the connection pipes 14 must flow is related to the length of the mixing chamber L. being in the ratio of 6:1 or greater.
  • the exit from the mixing chamber 16 is by way of a restriction throat 24 having a depth E which is less than one-third of the depth A of the chamber.
  • the convergent portion 26 of the chamber top face 20 which defines the throat 24 is inclined at an angle 6 preferably between and 55. A value of inclination of about has been found particularly effective.
  • the stock flow path diverges from the throat 24 into diffuser 30., which joins an approach section 40 having a constant depth F and a plurality of transversely extending divider walls 42 joining the top plate 44 to the bottom plate 46 thereof in load transfer relation.
  • the diffusion in the approach section 40 is at a slow rate. the diffuser angle being of the order of 7 or less.
  • the stiffness of the approach or transfer section 40 is provided by an underlying beam structure 50 of considerable depth and great stiffness considered in the cross-machine direction.
  • the beam structure 50 comprises a bottom plate 62 having a plurality of web plates 64, 66, 68.
  • a front extension 69 carries a lower slice plate 54.
  • a rear extension 70 carries the inlet header 12.
  • Adjustable front mounts 72 and rear mounts 74 permit the inclination of the head box to be varied as required.
  • the rigidity of the beam structure 50 is transferred across the approach section 40 by the welded plates 43 that comprise a part of the divider walls 42, see FIG. 4. so as to maintain the section dimensionally stable through the full range of working loads.
  • the approach section 40 has a plurality of steel divider plates 43 extending vertically between the upper and lower faces 44. 46 of the approach section. to provide an adjoining series of rectangular flow paths of great rigidity.
  • the walls 48 of these flow paths are formed by cast epoxy. having suitable streamline fairings at the upstream and at the downstream ends. to promote smooth flow together with the avoidance of hang-up of the stock at the ends of the dividers 42. lt is contemplated that in addition to providing a stiff structure of substantially non-varying cross-section. the epoxy liners 48 generate a controlled degree of microturbulence due to the shearing action of the stock flowing therepast.
  • the depth F of approach section 40 lies between the values A and E of mixing chamber 16.
  • One of the structure side walls 39 is shown. serving to enclose the approach section.
  • the approach section 40 is provided with a superstructure comprising a flange plate 43 and end plates 45, 47 forming with the upper face 44 a box structure to provide additional stiffness to the approach section.
  • the plate members of the structure are assembled and welded together. including the associated portions 64, 66 of the beam structure.
  • Suitable cores (not shown) are then positioned in spaced relation between adjacent ones of the steel divider plates 43. and a metal filled epoxy resin is poured around the cores. to completely line the flow passages of the section 40.
  • Adoption of this method of fabrication permits the use of a standard section structure. with control over the passage size in accordance with the size of core members used.
  • the length G (see FIG. 3) of the flow channel is such that the turbulence imparted to the stock by the divider walls 42 of the approach section 40 can decay at least partially before the lips of the slice are reached.
  • the channel length G was made about 25 inches long. in order to provide a desired extent of turbulence decay. ln instances where an approach section is dispensed with, the dimension G may be correspondingly diminished.
  • FIG. 3 shows a head box according to the present invention used in conjunction with a non-submerged cylinder former 80 suitable for making multi-ply board.
  • a similar configuration might also be used in a tissue former.
  • the embodiment illustrated being shown as having a multi-vacuum forming roll.
  • the slice 50 comprises an upper plate 52 and a lower plate 54. the plates 52. 54 being attached to the approach section 40 to maintain constant the inlet spacing therebetween for all operational flow conditions.
  • the slice 50 has external stiffening members 56. 58 and an adjustable lip 60 to permit control over slice opening. by overall slice adjustment, and by localized control of the slice opening. as is well known in the art.
  • the slice upper wall 52 can be pivotted about the point of attachment 53, by actuation of actuators 55.
  • a distributor section having an elongated tapered header extending in a cross machine direction to receive stock from a stock supply.
  • a mixing chamber of substantially uniform shallow depth A throughout the length thereof. extending across the machine and connected to the header by a plurality of substantially uniformly spaced flow connection pipes of small diameter directly entering one face of the mixing chamber adjacent the chamber back wall to provide in operation a zone of sudden flow expansion with succeeding impingement of stock against the opposing chamber face spaced said distance A therefrom. with consequent increase in macro turbulence.
  • said mixing chamber faces converging to a throat portion of depth E spaced a distance L from the chamber back wall and diverging in a downstream direction at an angle of divergence of not more than 7 to provide diffusion of the suspension.
  • the ratio of mixing chamber length to depth, L/A being equal to or greater than 6 and the ratio of mixing chamber depth to throat depth.
  • A/E. being greater than 3.
  • a distributor section having an elongated tapered header extending in a cross machine direction to receive stock from a stock supply.
  • a mixing chamber of substantially uniform shallow depth A throughout the length thereof.
  • passage means positioned in flow rectifying relation between said exit throat and an outlet slice, having a load.
  • bearing structural means located external thereto to substantially resist bending forces in the cross-machine direction. and maintain an adjacent wall of the transfer passage means substantiallly undeformed in operation. and a plurality of load transfer partition means in spaced relation across the width of the headbox. extending longitudinally in the direction of stock flow and securing said adjacent wall to the passage wall opposite thereto in load transfer relation. to maintain the transfer passage means substantially undeformed during operation under hydraulic pressure forces of stock flowing therethrough.

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  • Paper (AREA)
US362082A 1972-06-20 1973-05-21 Paper machine headbox having convergent throat portion Expired - Lifetime US3878039A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/556,118 US3977938A (en) 1973-05-21 1975-03-06 Support beam for the rectifier section of a headbox

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA145,134A CA975597A (en) 1972-06-20 1972-06-20 Headbox for paper machine

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/556,118 Continuation-In-Part US3977938A (en) 1973-05-21 1975-03-06 Support beam for the rectifier section of a headbox

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3878039A true US3878039A (en) 1975-04-15

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ID=4093607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US362082A Expired - Lifetime US3878039A (en) 1972-06-20 1973-05-21 Paper machine headbox having convergent throat portion

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3878039A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4941607A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA975597A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2331239A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2189574B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1398487A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT989117B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3977938A (en) * 1973-05-21 1976-08-31 Dominion Engineering Works, Limited Support beam for the rectifier section of a headbox
US4083750A (en) * 1975-05-06 1978-04-11 St. Anne's Board Mill Company Limited Flowbox with convergent wall portions
WO1987006964A1 (en) * 1986-05-12 1987-11-19 Valmet-Ahlstrom Inc. A turbulence generator for the head box of a paper machine
US5286946A (en) * 1992-09-02 1994-02-15 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for securing an end of a headbox flow tube
US5853545A (en) * 1996-03-08 1998-12-29 Valmet-Karlstad Ab Arrangement for feeding stock to a headbox in a papermaking machine
US6372092B1 (en) * 1999-01-23 2002-04-16 Voith Sulzer Papiertechnik Patent Gmbh Headbox and process for supplying a material suspension
US20030056918A1 (en) * 1999-12-30 2003-03-27 Hamalainen Jari P. Method and system for controlling headbox in a paper/board machine
WO2004027152A1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2004-04-01 Metso Paper, Inc. A spreading apparatus in a paper machine, with a converging feeding chamber
WO2006091166A1 (en) * 2005-02-28 2006-08-31 Stfi-Packforsk Ab Dewatering arrangement adapted to use in a twin-wire dewatering section of a stock processing machine
US20250263889A1 (en) * 2022-08-26 2025-08-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Headbox for Manufacturing a Substrate

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5279231A (en) * 1975-12-19 1977-07-04 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Battery
JPS59211694A (ja) * 1983-05-10 1984-11-30 中島　宏 紙料懸濁液の噴出供給装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3065788A (en) * 1959-07-29 1962-11-27 Beloit Iron Works Multiple pipe stock distributor
US3298905A (en) * 1964-05-14 1967-01-17 Scott Paper Co Tapered manifold type stock distributor for a papermaking machine
US3385754A (en) * 1965-02-11 1968-05-28 West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co Stock distribution system
US3556935A (en) * 1968-04-03 1971-01-19 Procter & Gamble Papermaking headbox with adjustable hydraulic nozzle and slice
US3652391A (en) * 1970-01-20 1972-03-28 Scott Paper Co Box-like blending chamber with barrier elements to produce uniform flow of papermaking stock
US3769155A (en) * 1970-02-18 1973-10-30 Voith Gmbh J M Stock inlet system for a paper making machine including converging settling ducts

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3065788A (en) * 1959-07-29 1962-11-27 Beloit Iron Works Multiple pipe stock distributor
US3298905A (en) * 1964-05-14 1967-01-17 Scott Paper Co Tapered manifold type stock distributor for a papermaking machine
US3385754A (en) * 1965-02-11 1968-05-28 West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co Stock distribution system
US3556935A (en) * 1968-04-03 1971-01-19 Procter & Gamble Papermaking headbox with adjustable hydraulic nozzle and slice
US3652391A (en) * 1970-01-20 1972-03-28 Scott Paper Co Box-like blending chamber with barrier elements to produce uniform flow of papermaking stock
US3769155A (en) * 1970-02-18 1973-10-30 Voith Gmbh J M Stock inlet system for a paper making machine including converging settling ducts

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3977938A (en) * 1973-05-21 1976-08-31 Dominion Engineering Works, Limited Support beam for the rectifier section of a headbox
US4083750A (en) * 1975-05-06 1978-04-11 St. Anne's Board Mill Company Limited Flowbox with convergent wall portions
WO1987006964A1 (en) * 1986-05-12 1987-11-19 Valmet-Ahlstrom Inc. A turbulence generator for the head box of a paper machine
US4895624A (en) * 1986-05-12 1990-01-23 Valmet-Ahlstrom Oy Turbulence generator made of plastic with ceramic coated flow ducts in the head box of a paper machine
US5286946A (en) * 1992-09-02 1994-02-15 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for securing an end of a headbox flow tube
US6030500A (en) * 1996-03-08 2000-02-29 Valmet-Karlstad Ab Arrangement for feeding stock to a headbox in a papermaking machine
US5853545A (en) * 1996-03-08 1998-12-29 Valmet-Karlstad Ab Arrangement for feeding stock to a headbox in a papermaking machine
US6372092B1 (en) * 1999-01-23 2002-04-16 Voith Sulzer Papiertechnik Patent Gmbh Headbox and process for supplying a material suspension
US20030056918A1 (en) * 1999-12-30 2003-03-27 Hamalainen Jari P. Method and system for controlling headbox in a paper/board machine
US6770171B2 (en) * 1999-12-30 2004-08-03 Metso Paper, Inc. Method and system for controlling headbox in a paper/board machine
WO2004027152A1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2004-04-01 Metso Paper, Inc. A spreading apparatus in a paper machine, with a converging feeding chamber
WO2006091166A1 (en) * 2005-02-28 2006-08-31 Stfi-Packforsk Ab Dewatering arrangement adapted to use in a twin-wire dewatering section of a stock processing machine
US20250263889A1 (en) * 2022-08-26 2025-08-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Headbox for Manufacturing a Substrate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT989117B (it) 1975-05-20
DE2331239A1 (de) 1974-01-24
FR2189574B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-07-29
GB1398487A (en) 1975-06-25
FR2189574A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-01-25
CA975597A (en) 1975-10-07
JPS4941607A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-04-19

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AS Assignment

Owner name: VALMET-DOMINION INC., 795 1ST AVE., LACHINE, QUEBE

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:CANADIAN GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED- COMPANIE GENERAL ELECTRIQUE DU CANADA LIMITEE;REEL/FRAME:004282/0761

Effective date: 19840416

Owner name: CANADIAN GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED- COMPAGN

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:DOMINION ENGINEERING WORKS LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:004301/0844

Effective date: 19840510

Owner name: VALMET-DOMINION INC., 795 FIRST AVE., LA CHINE, QU

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:CANADIAN GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY LIMITED,;DOMINION ENGINEERING WORKS LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:004282/0775

Effective date: 19840416