US3877272A - Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes and billets - Google Patents

Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes and billets Download PDF

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Publication number
US3877272A
US3877272A US440874A US44087474A US3877272A US 3877272 A US3877272 A US 3877272A US 440874 A US440874 A US 440874A US 44087474 A US44087474 A US 44087474A US 3877272 A US3877272 A US 3877272A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
billet
sleeve
bore
mandrel
die opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US440874A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gunnar Brunosson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Norden Holding AB
Original Assignee
ASEA AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3877272A publication Critical patent/US3877272A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/007—Hydrostatic extrusion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12292—Workpiece with longitudinal passageway or stopweld material [e.g., for tubular stock, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12757—Fe
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
    • Y10T428/12917—Next to Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12924—Fe-base has 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]

Definitions

  • One purpose of the invention is to make it possible to terminate the extrusion at a very late stage so that the left-over billet is slight.
  • Another purpose of the invention is to cut off a press product in connection with the completion of the extrusion.
  • annular sleeve of a material which is harder than the material of the billet is applied at its rear part.
  • the sleeve is suitably pressed into the billet.
  • a bore is formed in the billet having a diameter insignificantly smaller than the outer diameter of the sleeve.
  • the sleeve has a larger inner diameter than the mandrel which passes through the billet, thus securing a connection between the gap between the billet and the mandrel and the space in the pressure chamber outside the billet.
  • the thickness of the material of the sleeve should be larger than the width ofthe gap between the mandrel and the die.
  • the extrusion conditions are affected so that the position of the billet can be indicated. What happens when the sleeve reaches the die depends on its shape. If the sleeve has such a thickness of material at its front part that it is deformed so that it surrounds the mandrel in a sealing manner, the pressure in the pressure chamber will rise since the material of the sleeve is harder than the material of the billet and therefore requires a higher extrusion pressure at a certain extrusion ratio than the material of the billet. The pressure increase can be indicated and used to generate a control signal which interrupts the supply of pressure medium to the pressure generating punch of the pressure chamber.
  • the sleeve may be formed so that it also cuts off an extruded tube when it reaches the die.
  • the sleeve can cut off the extruded tube and the pressure medium will press the cut tube out of the die.
  • the outflow of pressure medium can be limited to a harmless speed and magnitude. The outflow of the pressure medium or the pressing out of the tube can be indicated and a suitable control signal can be obtained.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a pressure chamber with extrusion tools and an inserted billet just after the start of extrusion;
  • FIGS. 2-6 show various embodiments of the sleeve and the location of these in the billet and
  • FIG. 7 and 8 a die with residual billet after completed extrusion.
  • 1 designates a part of a stand of an extrusion press, the rest of which is not shown.
  • a high pressure cylinder 2 which forms a pressure chamber 5 together with a pressure generating punch 3, projecting into the cylinder, and a die 4.
  • seals 6 and 7, respectively are seals 6 and 7, respectively.
  • a spacing collar 8 In the pressure chamber 5 there are inserted a spacing collar 8 and a plate 9 having holes 9' therein.
  • a mandrel 10 which is attached to the plate 9 forms a gap with the opening 11 in the die 4.
  • the billet Under the effect of a pressure medium in the chamber 5 surrounding the billet 12, the billet is pressed out through the gap between the mandrel l0 and the opening 11 in the die, thus forming a tube 13.
  • a sleeve 14 of a material which is harder than the material of the billet to be extruded At the rear part of the billet 12, which has a hole therethrough somewhat larger than the mandrel, there is inserted a sleeve 14 of a material which is harder than the material of the billet to be extruded.
  • a sleeve 14 having relatively thin walls is applied at the rear end of the billet.
  • the wall thickness of the sleeve should exceed the width of the gap between the mandrel 10 and the wall in the die opening 11 in order that the sleeve may be able to stop the extrusion.
  • the sleeve 14 has the same inner diameter as the hole in the billet l2, and thus a somewhat larger diameter than the mandrel 10. It is pressed into a bore 15 or 16, respectively.
  • the bore and the sleeve have the same length, whereas in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 the bore is longer than the sleeve.
  • a sleeve 17 having thick walls is positioned in a bore 18 or 19, respectively, in the billet 12.
  • the bore and the sleeve have the same length, whereas in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 the bore is longer than the sleeve.
  • an outwardly conical sleeve 20 is applied in a corresponding way in a bore 21, the sleeve then having a larger diameter at its rear end than at its front end.
  • FIG. 7 shows how, at the end of the extrusion, when the sleeve 14 has moved down to the die 4, the front end of the sleeve makes contact with the die, the sleeve thus cutting off the tube at the die opening.
  • the thickness of the sleeve wall is such that it is compressed and makes contact with the mandrel in a sealing manner.
  • the cross-section of the sleeve should be so large in relation to the cross-section of the annular opening 11 between the die 4 and the mandrel 10 that the ratio is greater than the possible extrusion ratio with the pressure with which the material in the billet 12 can be pressed into the said gap.
  • the pressing out the sleeve then requires a higher pressure, and a pressure increase caused by the sleeve can be indicated and give rise to a control signal which interrupts the supply of energy to the driving cylinder of the pressure generating punch.
  • H6. 8 shows how a sleeve with great wall thickness makes contact at the end of the extrusion with the die with its front end.
  • the sleeve has cut off the tube 13.
  • the sleeve has such a strength that it is not deformed into making contact with the mandrel 10, but an annular gap 22 remains.
  • the gap is small and the length of the gap relatively small the pressure drop during the flow of pressure medium from the pressure chamber and the out-flowing amount of pressure medium will be small.
  • the pressure medium flowing out through the gap 22 presses the last part of the tube 13 out of the die.
  • the billet may be, for example, of aluminum or copper and the sleeve of steel.
  • a method for the hydrostatic extrusion of tubes which comprises inserting into a pressure chamber having a die opening and a mandrel passing through the die opening and of less diameter than the die opening a billet having a central hole therethrough and having a bore at the rear end, and a sleeve in said bore formed of a material which is harder than the material of the billet and has a larger inner diameter than the diameter of the mandrel, the sleeve having a greater thickness of material than the space between the die opening and the mandrel and being substantially shorter than the billet, thereby to prevent the billet from being completely pressed out of the die opening.
  • a billet for use in the hydrostatic extrusion of tubes having a central bore therethrough and having a sleeve inserted in its rear end concentric with the bore and of harder material than the material of the billet and substantially shorter than the billet.
  • a billet as claimed in claim 5 in which the sleeve has a larger diameter at its rear end than at its front end.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
US440874A 1973-03-07 1974-02-08 Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes and billets Expired - Lifetime US3877272A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7303176A SE371117B (en, 2012) 1973-03-07 1973-03-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3877272A true US3877272A (en) 1975-04-15

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ID=20316825

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US440874A Expired - Lifetime US3877272A (en) 1973-03-07 1974-02-08 Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes and billets

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3877272A (en, 2012)
JP (1) JPS49120864A (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR2220324B1 (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB1453379A (en, 2012)
SE (1) SE371117B (en, 2012)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4235583A (en) * 1978-03-23 1980-11-25 General Motors Corporation Extrusion die and method for making same
US4401729A (en) * 1978-05-17 1983-08-30 Nils Claussen High-strength ceramic laminated tube and the production and use thereof
US6359056B1 (en) 2000-01-27 2002-03-19 Kodak Polychrome Graphics Llc Printing plate and method to prepare a printing plate

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3751955A (en) * 1971-03-30 1973-08-14 Asea Ab Method of preventing complete extrusion of a billet during hydrostatic extrusion
US3751957A (en) * 1971-03-15 1973-08-14 Asea Ab Press for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes
US3807032A (en) * 1971-03-15 1974-04-30 Asea Ab Method of manufacturing tubes of compound material

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3751957A (en) * 1971-03-15 1973-08-14 Asea Ab Press for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes
US3807032A (en) * 1971-03-15 1974-04-30 Asea Ab Method of manufacturing tubes of compound material
US3751955A (en) * 1971-03-30 1973-08-14 Asea Ab Method of preventing complete extrusion of a billet during hydrostatic extrusion

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4235583A (en) * 1978-03-23 1980-11-25 General Motors Corporation Extrusion die and method for making same
US4401729A (en) * 1978-05-17 1983-08-30 Nils Claussen High-strength ceramic laminated tube and the production and use thereof
US6359056B1 (en) 2000-01-27 2002-03-19 Kodak Polychrome Graphics Llc Printing plate and method to prepare a printing plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE371117B (en, 2012) 1974-11-11
DE2406780B2 (de) 1977-05-18
FR2220324B1 (en, 2012) 1978-06-02
JPS49120864A (en, 2012) 1974-11-19
GB1453379A (en) 1976-10-20
FR2220324A1 (en, 2012) 1974-10-04
DE2406780A1 (de) 1974-09-12

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