US3874179A - Submarine oil storage tank system - Google Patents

Submarine oil storage tank system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3874179A
US3874179A US338478A US33847873A US3874179A US 3874179 A US3874179 A US 3874179A US 338478 A US338478 A US 338478A US 33847873 A US33847873 A US 33847873A US 3874179 A US3874179 A US 3874179A
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United States
Prior art keywords
oil
sea water
tank
pipe
sea
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US338478A
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English (en)
Inventor
Nobuo Higashihara
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Shipbuilding and Machinery Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Shipbuilding and Machinery Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2233972A external-priority patent/JPS5325961B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP47022338A external-priority patent/JPS4890012A/ja
Priority claimed from JP47041281A external-priority patent/JPS5224687B2/ja
Application filed by Sumitomo Shipbuilding and Machinery Co Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Shipbuilding and Machinery Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3874179A publication Critical patent/US3874179A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/78—Large containers for use in or under water

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An undersea oil storage tank system and method of constructing same, which has a plurality of steel tubes driven into the ocean bottom adjacent one another.
  • a jet lifter pipe is placed in the upper open end of the pipe to evacuate the soil or mud from the interior of the pipe. After the pipe interior has been evacuated, the bottom thereof is closed with concrete and a metal cover is welded onto the upper end of pipe.
  • Suitable water evacuation and oil :supply conduits are connected to the pipe with a control station for selectively removing the sea water from the pipes and supplying oil for storage in the undersea storage tanks.
  • This invention relates generally to oil storage tanks, and more particularly to a submarine tank system made of steel tubes, and a construction method thereof.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to provide an improved construction of submarine oil storage tanks wherein all of the above described drawbacks of the conventional constructions of the tanks can be substantially overcome.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved submarine oil storage tank system wherein the construction cost is substantially economized.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved submarine oil storage tank system which does not require towing or mooring operation.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved submarine oil storage tank system which does not cause any hindrance in the sea.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved submarine oil storage tank system which does not cause any pollution problem.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved submarine oil storage tank system wherein the problem of corrosion is substantially overcome.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved submarine oil storage tank system wherein handling of oil is comparatively facilitated.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a submarine oil storage tank system wherein the pipings for oil reception, delivery, and tank cleaning can be bundied together in an advantageous manner.
  • An additional object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for constructing such a submarine oil storage tank system in the site of the installation.
  • a steel tube type submarine oil storage tank system which comprises a number of tank elements driven into the sea bed at positions closely adjacent with each other, each tank element comprising a tank body made of a length of steel tube with the upper end closed with a steel lid and the lower end closed by concrete, the upper ends of a majority of the tank elements located outwardly of the tank system being located substantially in the same level with the sea bottom while the upper ends of a minor part of the tank elements located at the central portion of the system being extended above the surface of the sea water, a control platform provided near the upper ends of said minor part of the tank elements exposed in the air, an oil handling system, and a sea water piping system, both extended from said platform to each of said tank elements, whereby oil received in said oil handling system is introduced into said tank elements under a suction caused in said sea water piping system to be stored therein.
  • the platform may be provided, for instance, ashore, with both oil handling system and the sea water piping system extened from the platform to each of the tank elements which have the upper ends now substantially aligned with the surface of the sea bottom.
  • a method for constructing the submarine oil storage tank system comprising the steps of driving a length of steel tube into the bottom of the sea until only a length is left exposed above the sea level, welding an upper lid having holes to the upper end of the steel tube, connecting an aiding tube to the upper end of the steel tube, passing ajet lifter pipe through said lid into the steel tube, driving thus extended steel tube further into the bottom of the sea with the jet lifter operated simultaneously, replace the jet lifter with a concrete placing pipe so that a concrete bottom is formed at the lower end of the steel tube, removing the aiding tube and fixing an oil pipe and a sea water pipe to said holes in the lid, and repeating the above described procedure for all of the tank elements of the oil storage tank system.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view, in a longitudinal section, of a steel tube tank constituting an element of the oil storage tank system according to the present invention
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are general views schematically showing preferred embodiments of the submarine oil storage tank system according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing a steel tube tank under construction
  • FIG. is a sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG. 4 for indicating a construction of ajet lifter pipe used for boring the bottom of the sea;
  • FIGS. 6A through 6E are explanatory elevational views showing the processes of the construction of the steel tube tank element, sequentially.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematical elevational view of a work ship for piling the steel tube into the bottom of the sea.
  • FIG. 1 there is indicated a steel tube tank constituting an element of the submarine oil storage tank system according to the present invention, which comprises a piece of steel tube 1 of, for instance,
  • a required number of such steel tube tanks are provided in the sea bed in a manner closely adjacent with each other.
  • a lid 2 made of a steel plate having two holes to be used as hereinafter described is attached, for instance, by welding to the upper end of the steel tube 1.
  • An oil inlet and outlet pipe 3 is connected to one of the two holes in the lid 2 so that it opens at the upper part of the steel tube 1.
  • a sea water replacing pipe 4 is passed through another hole of the lid 2 to be extended to a lower portion of the steel tube 1
  • the oil inlet and outlet pipe 3 and the sea water replacing pipe 4 are provided for each of the steel tube 1, a desired number of such oil pipes 3 and sea water pipes 4 are respectively assembled together into a heavier pipe leading to a control station 5 as hereinafter described.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 there are indicated preferred embodiments of the oil storage tank system according to the invention.
  • a major part of the tank elements 1 are driven into the sea bottom until the upper ends of the tank elements align with the surface of the bottom of the sea.
  • a minor part of centrally located tank elements 1 are extended upward so that the upper ends thereof are exposed into the air, and the above mentioned control platform 5 is constructed based on the upper portions ofthe tank elements.
  • various operations such as storage and deliver of crude oil and cleaning of each of the tanks are carried out collectively.
  • control platform 5 is not necessarily provided on the upper part of the tank assembly, but it may also be provided ashore. In that case, the above described centrally located tank elements 1 need not be extended upward, and the upper ends of all tank elements 1 are substantially aligned with the bottom of the sea, so that any hindrance caused against ships cruising can be further eliminated.
  • oil pipe lines 6 and sea water pipe lines 7 there are provided oil pipe lines 6 and sea water pipe lines 7.
  • Each of the oil pipe lines 6 corresponds to the abovementioned heavier pipe line divided into oil pipe 3 in FIG. 1
  • each of the sea water pipe lines 7 corresponds to the above-mentioned heavier pipe line divided into individual sea water pipe 4 in FIG. 1.
  • the oil pipe lines 6 are connected through corresponding valves to an oil inlet pipe 8 and an oil delivery pipe 9 provided with an oil pump 10.
  • the sea-water pipe lines 7 are connected to a seawater replacing pipe 11 which is further connected in series with a sea water pump 12 and a filter 13.
  • all of the steel tube tank elements 1 and oil and sea water pipe lines 6 and 7 are installed as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 except a cleaning pipe line 14 is installed between the sea-water replacing pipe 11 and the joined portion of the oil pipe lines 6 through a valve provided at each end of the cleaning pipe line 14.
  • a pump 15 is further provided in the cleaning pipe line 14, and a cleaning agent supplying tank 16 is connected through a valve to an end connected to the sea-water replacing pipe 11 at a portion between the pump 15 and the valve provided at this end.
  • a cleaning water exhaust pipe 17 is connected to the sea-water replacing pipe 11 at a portion thereof between the sea water pump 12 and a joining portion of the seawater pipe lines 7 through a valve, and an oil-water separating device 18 is provided in the cleaning water exhaust pipe 17 one end of which is opened in the sea.
  • the pump 12 is operated thereby to exhaust sea water filled in these tanks 1 through the sea-water replacing pipes 4, sea water pipe lines 7, sea-water replacing pipe 11 into the sea outside of the steel tube tank elements 1.
  • the oil inlet pipe 8 is connected with a deliver pipe of, for instance, a tanker (not shown), and oil is drawn through the pipe 8, oil pipe lines 6, and oil inlet and outlet pipes 3 in the steel tube tank elements 1, into these tank elements 1.
  • the oil delivery pipe 9 When the oil is delivered from the tank system, the oil delivery pipe 9 is connected with an oil supply line, and the pump 10 is operated so that the oil stored in the tank elements 1 is picked up through the oil inlet and outlet pipes 3 in these tank elements 1, oil pipe lines 6, and the oil delivery pipe 9, to the oil supply line. Simultaneous therewith, the pump 12 is operated in the opposite direction to the above described oil storing case, whereby sea water is pumped back from the sea-water replacing pipe 11, through sea water pipe lines 7, and sea water pipes 4 in the tank elements 1, to the lower portions of the steel tube tank elements 1 to push up the oil in these tank elements.
  • all of the valves provided in the oil pipe lines and sea water pipe lines are suitably controlled so that oil is stored in or delivered out of desired blocks of the steel tube tank elements.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 has a cleaning pipe line.
  • deposition of sludge will be found on the bottom of the tank elements.
  • a little amount of oil is contained in the replacing sea water supplied into the lower portion of the tank elements.
  • the sludge and the oil contained in the replacing sea water are also exhausted into the sea together with the replacing sea water, whereby the problem of sea pollution will arise.
  • the cleaning pipe line 14 is communicated with the sea-water replacing pipe 11 and the oil pipe lines 6 by operating related valves.
  • the pumps 12 and 15 are operated so that sea water is sent from the sea-water replacing pipe 11 through the cleaning pipe line 14, oil pipe lines 6, oil inlet and outlet pipes 3 to the interiors of the tank elements 1.
  • the sea water which has replaced the interior of the tank elements is exhausted from the tank elements through sea-water replacing pipes 4, sea water pipe lines 7, and the cleaning water exhausting pipe 17 to the sea.
  • the oil-water separating device 18 is provided in the cleaning water exhausting pipe 17, the sludge and oil contained in the cleaning sea water and the replacing sea water are separated, and purified sea water is exhausted through the device 18 into the sea. Furthermore, a cleaning agent may be supplied from the cleaning agent supplying tank 16 suitably so that the interior of the pipe lines 6 and 7 and the tank elements 1 can be cleaned effectively.
  • the submarine oil storage tank system according to the present invention is constructed as described above, and a method for constructing the oil storage tank will now be described.
  • an auxiliary steel tube 19 is placed on the top of the steel tube 1 with the aid of a plurality of projecting members 20 provided circumferentially along the upper end of the steel tube 1, and by the aid of the auxiliary tube 1, the steel tube 1 is further driven into the bottom of the sea.
  • the auxiliary tube 19 is removed from the upper end of the steel tube 1.
  • the lid 2 having two holes, and the sea water replacing pipe 4 is extended downwardly from one of the two holes.
  • the jet lifter pipe 23 has a sectional configuration as shown in FIG. 5 having a centrally located suction pipe 24 for removing the soil and circumferentially arranged jet holes 25 for digging the bottom of the sea.
  • the lower end portion 23 of the jet lifter pipe 23 is made of a metal having a cross-sectional configuration similar to that indicated in FIG. 5. The metal end portion 23 is allowed to act as a pendulum tensioning the entire jet lifter pipe 23 vertically.
  • a steel tube 1 of a required length for the final oil storage tank element is prepared, and driven into the sea bottom by means of, for instance, a vibration driver, until about two or three meters of the tube 1 is left above the sea water so that all of the operations required at that time can be carried out from the position above the surface of the sea.
  • the jet lifter pipe 23 is also set into the steel tube 1 as indicated in FIG.
  • the inside of the steel tube 1 is further dredged by the jet streams ejected from the jet holes 25 with the soil or mud thus dredged being exhausted through the central suction pipe 24 to outside of the steel tube 1 together with the sea water.
  • the jet lifter pipe 23 is removed from the steel tube 1, and a lid 2 is attached to the upper end of the steel tube 1.
  • a sea water replacing pipe 4 is extended downwardly so that it is fixed through a connector 22 to the hole of the lid 2.
  • a flexible pipe 4 is further connected to the upper end of the sea-water replacing pipe 4 through the connector 22, and another flexible pipe 3 is connected through a connector 21 to the other hole of the lid 2, as clearly indicated in FIG. 68.
  • an auxiliary tube 19 is applied to the upper end of the steel tube 1 under guidance of a plurality of projecting members 20 provided circumferentially of the upper end.
  • the jet lifter pipe 23 is again descended through the flexible pipe 3' to the bottom of the sea. and the steel tube 1 is again drived into the bottom of the sea by the aid of the auxiliary tube 19 and with the jet lifter pipe 23 being operated as described above (see FIG. 6C).
  • the jet lifter pipe 23 is removed, and a concrete placing nozzle is inserted into the steel tube 1 through the flexible pipe 3. Concrete is thus placed at the bottom of the steel tube 1 so that a lid 26 at the bottom of the oil storage tank element is thereby formed.
  • the concrete placing nozzle and the auxiliary tube 19 are then removed (see FIG. 6D).
  • each of the oil pipe lines 6 and the sea-water pipe lines 7 are connected to a plurality of oil pipes 3 and the sea-water replacing pipes 4, respectively, belonging to a block of the steel tube tank elements.
  • the lower end portion 23' of the jet lifter pipe 23 is made of metal as described before, and a plurality of jet holes 25 are arranged circumferentially of the jet lifter pipe 23. For this reason, if jet water is sent through these jet holes 25 sequentially by means of, for instance, a rotary valve or the like, or if the jet water is sent intermittedly, the lower end portion 23 of the jet lifter pipe 23 is moved inside of the steel tube 1 around its center, whereby the soil inside of the steel tube 1 can be dredged out of the steel tube substantially uniformly, and merely digging the central part of the soil is thereby prevented.
  • FIG. 7 there is indicated schematically a work ship to be used for constructing the oil storage tank according to this invention.
  • the work ship 27 is carrying thereon steel tube racks 28, a piling tower 29, a foundation 30 of the piling tower, and a device 31 for driving the steel tubes into the sea bottom.
  • the driving device 31 is composed of a chuck for holding the steel tube 1 and a driving jack made of. for instance, a cylinder or a vibrator.
  • Numeral 32 designates a welder for welding the steel tubes into a desired length, and also for welding the lid 2 and the projecting members 20 to the steel tube 1.
  • a winch 33 for hoisting the steel tubes 1, the jet lifter pipe 23 and the like, a high pressure pump 34 for ejecting jet water, a low pressure pump 35 for dredging the soil, and a concrete pump 36.
  • the oil storage tank according to the invention since a great number of steel tubes are driven into the sea bottom in a closely adjacent relationship for obtaining a submarine oil storage tank of a required capacity, a submarine tank of not suffered by stormy waves and tidal current and operable in a stable manner can be obtained. Furthermore, since the oil storage tank according to the invention is ofa buried type into the sea bottom, no hindrance is presented for cruising ships.
  • steel tube piles available in the market can be used for construction of the oil storage tank, and
  • the construction cost of the oil storage tank according to the present invention is far cheaper than that of the conventional submarine oil storage tanks.
  • the central part of the steel tubes rising up into the air may be used for constructing piers or auto road.
  • a submarine oil storage tank system for a sea water installation of the type wherein underwater storage tank means receive and deliver oil to a surface vessel under pressure to replace sea water within the storage means which is pumped to and from said tank means under pressure, and said surface vessel includes respectively, oil and sea water pump means for effecting this movement, the improvement wherein:
  • said storage means comprises a plurality of hollow
  • each tube including an in situ concrete bottom sealing the lower end of the tubes within the earth formation and a metal lid sealingly overlying the upper end of each tube and forming with said tube and said in situ concrete bottom, an oil storage tank,
  • each tank is further provided with a sea water replacing pipe extending through said lid and terminating near the bottom of said tube to permit said sea water to enter and leave the lower end of said tank and having an oil inlet and outlet connection to said lid to permit oil to enter and leave the top of said tank, and means for fluid connecting said inlet and outlet connection and said sea water replacing pipe to said surface vessel,
  • said fluid connecting means comprises an oil pipeline and a sea water pipeline extending from said lid for each tank to said vessel, and each line is provided with a valve, and connection means commonly couples respective lines to said oil and sea water pump means, and a filter is connected between said sea water pump means and the source of sea water,
  • sea water replaces oil within a given tank only after passing through said filter.
  • said sea water replacing pipe is fluid coupled in series with said oil-water separating device at a point intermediate of said tanks and said pump
  • said cleaning agent supply tank is fluid coupled to said oil pipeline by means of a cleaning pipe line connected at one end to said oil pipe line and at the other end to said sea water replacing pipe and valves are operatively provided within said cleaning pipeline, said oil pipeline and said sea water pipeline, such that by operation of said valves and said pumps, said oil pipeline may receive sea water after passage through said filter and after receiving cleaning agent from said cleaning agent supply tank, and wherein sea water after oilwater separation may be delivered back to the sea water, from each tank after passage through said oil-water separating device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
US338478A 1972-03-06 1973-03-06 Submarine oil storage tank system Expired - Lifetime US3874179A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2233972A JPS5325961B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-06 1972-03-06
JP47022338A JPS4890012A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-06 1972-03-06
JP47041281A JPS5224687B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-04-26 1972-04-26

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US3874179A true US3874179A (en) 1975-04-01

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US338478A Expired - Lifetime US3874179A (en) 1972-03-06 1973-03-06 Submarine oil storage tank system

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US (1) US3874179A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2178598A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1401141A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7303109A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6062342A (en) * 1995-09-27 2000-05-16 Dobson; Dale Rescue device for a confined space and method of using thereof
US20150246770A1 (en) * 2012-10-18 2015-09-03 Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology Large scale subsea storage tank and method for constructing and installing the same

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4219078C2 (de) * 1992-06-11 1996-01-25 Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten Vorrichtung zum Absenken eines Gründungsteils eines Bauwerkes in eine mit Grundwasser gefüllte Baugrube
CN113070258B (zh) * 2021-03-18 2022-10-14 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 冲桩兼海水取水装置

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2803114A (en) * 1952-07-18 1957-08-20 Phillips Petroleum Co Underground storage system
US3145538A (en) * 1960-03-14 1964-08-25 Phillips Petroleum Co Underwater storage apparatus
US3380256A (en) * 1966-01-25 1968-04-30 Rebikoff Oceanics Inc Underwater drilling installation and method of construction
US3422628A (en) * 1966-08-26 1969-01-21 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Offshore storage tank system
US3535884A (en) * 1967-06-30 1970-10-27 Sun Oil Co Offshore drilling and production structure
US3552131A (en) * 1968-06-24 1971-01-05 Texaco Inc Offshore installation
US3605774A (en) * 1969-07-30 1971-09-20 Travaux Comp Ind De Maritime apparatus utilizable as a hydrocarbon reservoir
US3769803A (en) * 1972-02-23 1973-11-06 Phillips Petroleum Co Submerged storage vessel
US3791152A (en) * 1972-02-16 1974-02-12 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Offshore storage system

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2803114A (en) * 1952-07-18 1957-08-20 Phillips Petroleum Co Underground storage system
US3145538A (en) * 1960-03-14 1964-08-25 Phillips Petroleum Co Underwater storage apparatus
US3380256A (en) * 1966-01-25 1968-04-30 Rebikoff Oceanics Inc Underwater drilling installation and method of construction
US3422628A (en) * 1966-08-26 1969-01-21 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Offshore storage tank system
US3535884A (en) * 1967-06-30 1970-10-27 Sun Oil Co Offshore drilling and production structure
US3552131A (en) * 1968-06-24 1971-01-05 Texaco Inc Offshore installation
US3605774A (en) * 1969-07-30 1971-09-20 Travaux Comp Ind De Maritime apparatus utilizable as a hydrocarbon reservoir
US3791152A (en) * 1972-02-16 1974-02-12 Chicago Bridge & Iron Co Offshore storage system
US3769803A (en) * 1972-02-23 1973-11-06 Phillips Petroleum Co Submerged storage vessel

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6062342A (en) * 1995-09-27 2000-05-16 Dobson; Dale Rescue device for a confined space and method of using thereof
US20150246770A1 (en) * 2012-10-18 2015-09-03 Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology Large scale subsea storage tank and method for constructing and installing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1401141A (en) 1975-07-16
FR2178598A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-11-09
NL7303109A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-10

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