US3874045A - Simultaneously crimping and commingling yarns - Google Patents

Simultaneously crimping and commingling yarns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3874045A
US3874045A US449427A US44942774A US3874045A US 3874045 A US3874045 A US 3874045A US 449427 A US449427 A US 449427A US 44942774 A US44942774 A US 44942774A US 3874045 A US3874045 A US 3874045A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
zone
energy tube
heated fluid
fluid
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US449427A
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English (en)
Inventor
Russell H Butler
Hendrikus J Oswald
Young D Kwon
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Allied Corp
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Allied Chemical Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Allied Chemical Corp filed Critical Allied Chemical Corp
Priority to US449427A priority Critical patent/US3874045A/en
Priority to NL7502604A priority patent/NL7502604A/xx
Priority to LU71975A priority patent/LU71975A1/xx
Priority to CH287375D priority patent/CH287375A4/xx
Priority to AT172975A priority patent/AT345429B/de
Priority to CH817276A priority patent/CH596348A5/xx
Priority to CH287375A priority patent/CH593361B5/xx
Priority to IT21016/75A priority patent/IT1033494B/it
Priority to DE19752510067 priority patent/DE2510067A1/de
Priority to FR7507253A priority patent/FR2263318B1/fr
Priority to BE154112A priority patent/BE826414A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3874045A publication Critical patent/US3874045A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • D02G1/161—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam yarn crimping air jets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
    • D02G1/122—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes introducing the filaments in the stuffer box by means of a fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/08—Interlacing constituent filaments without breakage thereof, e.g. by use of turbulent air streams

Definitions

  • the impacted yarn is then passed into a second energy tube wherein the yarn absorbs additional heat, and thence into a stuffer tube wherein the flow of yarn is impeded, thereby establishing a yarn plug from which crimped and commingled yarn is subsequently removed.
  • the expansion chamber and second energy tube are positioned such that the yarn impacts upon an interior surface of the second energy tube.
  • the apparatus of the present invention comprises: a fluid contact chamber; yarn feed means for feeding yarn into said fluid contact chamber; heated fluid supply means for introducing heated fluid into said fluid contact chamber substantially along the longitudinal axis of said chamber; a first energy tube wherein said yarn absorbs heat from said heated fluid, said first energy being positioned about a longitudinal axis and communicating with said contact chamber for yarn passage therethrough, an expansion chamber having a cross-sectional area at its interface with said first energy tube which is larger than the cross-sectional area of said first energy tube, said expansion chamber being positioned such that said longitudinal axis of said first energy tube intersects an impacting surface in said expansion chamber; a second energy tube wherein said yarn absorbs additional heat from said heated fluid; and a stuffer tube for texturizing said yarn; said expansion chamber, said second energy tube and said stuffer tube communicating successively with said first energy tube for yarn passage therethrough.
  • the process of the present invention comprises: passing yarn into a fluid contact zone; contacting said yarn in said fluid contact zone with heated fluid introduced into said zone substantially coaxially to the longitudinal axis of said zone; passing said yarn and said heated fluid into a first heat absorbing zone wherein said yarn absorbs heat from said heated fluid; directing the yarn under the influence of said heated fluid into an expansion zone having a cross-sectional area at its interface with said first heat absorbing zone which is larger than the cross-sectional area of said first heat absorbing zone, said expansion zone being positioned such that yarn passing from said first heat absorbing zone impacts upon an impacting surface in said expansion zone; passing the yarn and said heated fluid from said expansion zone into a second heat, absorbing zone, wherein the yarn absorbs additional heat from said heated fluid; passing the yarn and heated fluid from said second heat absorbing zone into a texturizing zone, wherein the flow of yarn is impeded, thereby establishing a yarn plug; exhausting heated fluid from said texturizing zone; and removing crimped and commingled yarn from said
  • the present invention enables simultaneous achievement of levels of crimp which are comparable to, and levels of commingling which are superior than, the levels which result from conventional processes in which crimping and commingling steps are sequentially performed.
  • the process and apparatus of the present invention have the advantage of imparting such improved crimp and commingling properties in a single apparatus, thereby decreasing equipment requirements and reducing processing costs by as much as 50 percent.
  • the substantially coaxial introduction of heated fluid into the apparatus of the present invention enables easier starting of the apparatus and greatly aids in forcing the yarn through the apparatus, thereby decreasing the necessity for mechanically pulling the yarn therethrough.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views of first energy tube, expansion chamber and second energy tube of apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an illustration of the vibration of yarn in the energy tube of the prior art apparatus of US. Pat. No. 3,409,956.
  • impacting surface is herein meant to define that portion of the interior walls of the yarn passages of the present invention upon which the yarn first impacts after passing out of the first energy tube.
  • the impacting surface comprises the chamber wall which define the expansion zone.
  • the impacting surface may also comprise the inner wall of the second energy tube.
  • the heated fluid used to treat continuous filament yarns in the present invention may be air, steam or any other compressible fluid or vapor capable of plasticizing action on the yarn. Hot air will give sufficient plasticization in the expansion zone for many fibers although it may be desirable for certain fibers to supplement the temperature effect with an auxiliary plasticizing medium. Actually, steam is preferentially used in the subject process since it is a cheap and convenient source of a high pressure fluid with a compound plasticizing action.
  • the temperature of the fluid medium must be regulated so that the yarn temperatures do not reach the melting point of the fiber.
  • the yarn speed should be great enough so that melting does not occur.
  • the yarn to be crimped and commingled is contacted in the fluid contact zone with steam supplied at a temperature within the range of about 150 to 500C. and preferably 200 to 450C. and at a pressure of from about 5 to 200 psig. and preferably 5 to psig.
  • the velocity at which the heatd fluid is passed through apparatus 10 is not critical, and the process of the present invention may employ any heated fluid velocity which is sufficient to carry the yarn longitudinally through the passages 14, 18, 24 and 26 and into passage 28. However, heated fluid velocity of less than sonic velocity is preferred.
  • Nozzle 12 which comprises the heated fluid supply means in FIG. 1, is positioned so as to emit heated fluid into fluid contact zone 21 substantially along longitudinal axis 16 of zone 21 in the direction of yarn travel through apparatus 10.
  • Feeder tube 22 which comprises the yarn feed means in FIG. 1, is housed in fluid contact chamber 11 to communicate fluid contact zone 21 with a yarn feed source (not shown) for passage of yarn into apparatus 10 for treatment.
  • Fluid contact zone 21 preferably converges in the direction of yarn passage through apparatus 10 to aid in passing yarn and heated fluid from zone 21 into first energy tube passage 14.
  • Zone 21 is defined by surface 41 which may be either flat or curved and, thus, zone 21 may be of various geometric shapes, such as for example conical, semi-spherical, hyperbolic and parabolic.
  • First energy tube 13 is positioned about axis 16 and communicates with fluid contact zone 21 to provide for yarn passage therethrough. While preheating of first energy tube 13 is not required, tube 13 may be heated to a temperature of from about 40 to 300C. by a suit able external heating means, as for example, steam heating coils 42, so as to further heat yarn passing therethrough and to increase the levels of crimp imparted therein. So as to provide for increased ease of passage of yarn into expansion chamber 17, the longitudinal axis of first energy tube passage 14 in the preferred embodiment coincides with longitudinal axis 16 of zone 21, and the inside diameter of passage 14 substantially corresponds to the diameter of the opening formed by surface 41 at the interface between zone 21 and passage 14.
  • Expansion chamber 17 which converges in the direction of yarn passage therethrough, communicates successively with first energy tube passage 14 and second energy tube passage 24 and has a cross-sectional area at its interface with first energy tube 13 which is larger than the cross-sectional area of first energy tube 13.
  • Expansion zone 18, which may be symmetrical or assymmetrical, is defined by expansion chamber wall 19, which may be either flat or curved. Where zone 18 is symmetric, the axis of symmetry of zone 18 preferably corresponds to longitudinal axis 20 of second energy tube 23, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4.
  • Symmetrical geometrical shapes which zone 18 may have are, for example, semi-spherical, parabolic, conical, hyperbolic and elliptical, with the conical and parabolic shapes being preferred.
  • Expansion chamber 17 is preferably positioned so as to cause the longitudinal axis of first energy tube 13 to intersect expansion chamber wall 19. In operation of the preferred embodiment, therefore, yarn passing from first energy tube 13 impacts upon an impacting surface in expansion chamber 17, i.e. wall 19.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 illustrate such an arrangement of chamber 17 and tubes 13 and 23.
  • expansion chamber 17 and second energy tube 23 are positioned so as to cause longitudinal axis 16 of first energy tube 13 to intersect inner surface 23a of second energy tube 23.
  • yarn passing from first energy tube 13 first impacts upon an impacting surface in second energy tube 23, i.e. surface 23a.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates such an arrangement of chamber 17 and tubes 13 and 23.
  • axis 20 may be offset from axis 16 by both a rotation and translation.
  • Such a configuration occurs, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, when axis 20 and 16: (l do not intersect at the interface, designated 43, between passage 14 and zone 18; and (2) are not parallel.
  • angle B is defined in that view of apparatus in which the angle is a maximum and is generally from about 90 to less than about 180, and preferably from about 135 to less than about 180.
  • expansion chamber 17 and second energy tube 23 are positioned such that longitudinal axis 16 of tube 13 intersects an impacting surface, as that term is herein defined.
  • Second energy tube 23 is positioned about axis 20 and communicates successively with expansion chamber 17 and stuffer tube 27 for yarn passage therethrough. While not required, as with tube 13, tube 23 may be heated to a temperature of from about 40 to 300C. by a suitable external heating means, as for example, steam heating coils 44, so as to further heat yarn passing therethrough and to increase the levels of crimp imparted therein. Second energy tube 23 defines, at the discharge end thereof, passage 26 which may be of a uniform cross-section or, as is preferred,
  • Stuffer tube 27 defines texturizing passage 28 disposed about axis 20 and is adapted to contain a compacted yarn mass, designated as yarn plug 31 in FIG. 4.
  • Stuffer tube 27 is provided with a plurality of escape vents 29, illustrated in FIG. 1 as being positioned concentric to axis 20, which communicate texturizing passage 28 with the atmosphere to allow escape of heated fluid from passage 28. While such arrangement is not critical, in the preferred embodiment the longitudinal axis of texturizing passage 28 coincides with axis 20, and vents 29 are disposed so as to cause the exiting heated fluid to be released from passage 28 in a direction substantially opposite to the yarn path travel through apparatus 10 and parallel to axis 20.
  • stuffer tube 27 may be provided with aperatures (not shown) located along the length of passage 28 which are adapted to permit the escape of fluid therefrom.
  • stuffer tube 27 may be constructed of a gas permeable material such as a steel mesh screen or micro-porous steel to allow escape of heated fluid from passage 28.
  • texturizing passage 28 may have a larger diameter than the maximum diameter of diverging passage 26 so as to form an annulus between the inner periphery of texturizing passage 28 and the outer periphery of passage 26.
  • continuous filament yarn is unwound from yarn supply spool 33 and passed to feeder and draw rolls 34, 35 and 36 and is then passed to apparatus 10 wherein the yarn is treated and forms yarn plug 31 as described previously.
  • Crimped and commingled yarn 32 is then removed from apparatus 10 by end rolls 38 and 39 and is then wound on winding roll 40.
  • the impacted yarn is then passed under the influence of heated fluid into second energy tube 23, which may also be provided with external heating coils 44 wherein the yarn absorbs additional heat from the heated fluid, and is then passed into texturizing passage 28 wherein the flow of yarn is impeded, thereby establishing a yarn plug as in conventional stuffer tube 27, such as is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,409,956.
  • texturizing zone 28 which may be operated at a reduced pressure of from about to psig., heated fluid exits via fluid escape vents 29 located concentric to axis 20.
  • Crimped and commingled yarn is preferably removed from stuffer tube 27 at a linear speed which is slower than the linear speed at which yarn is fed to texturizing passage 28, so as to maintain the yarn plug therein.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates vibration patterns in yarn 62 contacted in the apparatus of U.S. Pat. No. 3,409,956. As may be seen, this vibration pattern is substantially sinusoidal.
  • EXAMPLE 1 Referring to FIGS. 1 and 5, an undrawn, continuousfilament, 3,300 denier nylon 6 yarn is fed to a series of 3 feed rolls.
  • Feed roll 2 is maintained at a temperature of 100 and feed roll 3 is maintained at a temperature of 180.
  • the draw ratio between feed rolls 1 and 2 is 1.1 and between feed rolls 3 and 1 is 3.l.
  • Roll 3 is operated at a linear speed of 5,000 ft. per minute.
  • From feed roll 3 the yarn is passed through an apparatus of the present invention, wherein the yarn is treated as described be low.
  • the treated yarn is removed from the texturizing zone of the apparatus at a rate of 3,300 ft. per minute by end rolls 4 and 5, the draw ratio between end rolls 5 and 4 being set at 1.03.
  • a draw ratio between end roll and feed roll 3 is maintained at 0.66.
  • From end roll 5 the yarn is taken up by a Leesona 959 High Speed winder at a tension of grams.
  • the impacted yarn is then passed into the second energy tube passage having an inside diameter of 0.16 inch and a length of 1.9 inches, wherein the yarn absorbs additional heat from the steam.
  • the yarn is then passed through a conical, diverging passage which has a conical angle of 17, and which expands to a diameter of 0.3 1 inch over a distance of 0.5 inch measured longitudinally along the longitudinal axis of the second energy tube.
  • the yarn is then aspirated into a texturizing passage having an inside diameter of 0.54 inch and a length of 9 inches, wherein the flow of yarn is impeded thereby establishing a yarn plug.
  • the stuffer tube is provided with 12 fluid exhaust vents having a diameter of 0.094 inch which are spaced symmetrically in an annular ring to discharge fluid from the texturizing pas sage in a direction substantially opposite to the direction of yarn travel through the texturizing passage.
  • the treated yarn is determined to have about 42 entanglements per meter, a crimp elongation after boil of 30 percent, a texture energy of 0.8 X 10*, and 29 crimp bends per inch.
  • EXAMPLE 3 Under the identical process conditions of Example 1, undrawn 3,300 denier nylon 6 yarn is passed through an apparatus having a conically shaped expansion zone which has a conical angle of 42 and which has a minimum inside diameter of 0.16 inch and a maximum inside diameter of 0.5 inch. All other apparatus dimensions are identical to those employed in the apparatus of Example 1.
  • the yarn treated under the above conditions is determined to have 46 entanglements per meter, a crimp elongation after boil of 29 percent, a texture energy of 0.8 X 10", and 31 crimp bends per inch.
  • a process for simultaneously crimping and commingling yarn which comprises:
  • An apparatus for simultaneously crimping and commingling yarn which comprises:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US449427A 1974-03-08 1974-03-08 Simultaneously crimping and commingling yarns Expired - Lifetime US3874045A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US449427A US3874045A (en) 1974-03-08 1974-03-08 Simultaneously crimping and commingling yarns
NL7502604A NL7502604A (nl) 1974-03-08 1975-03-05 Werkwijze en inrichting voor tegelijkertijd kroezen en mengen respectievelijk verwarren van garens.
CH287375D CH287375A4 (es) 1974-03-08 1975-03-06
AT172975A AT345429B (de) 1974-03-08 1975-03-06 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen kraeuseln und mischen bzw. verfitzen von garnen
CH817276A CH596348A5 (es) 1974-03-08 1975-03-06
CH287375A CH593361B5 (es) 1974-03-08 1975-03-06
LU71975A LU71975A1 (es) 1974-03-08 1975-03-06
IT21016/75A IT1033494B (it) 1974-03-08 1975-03-06 Procedimento e dispositivo per l arricciamento e mischa rispettivamente allacciamento contemporanei di filati
DE19752510067 DE2510067A1 (de) 1974-03-08 1975-03-07 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen kraeuseln und mischen bzw. verfitzen von garnen
FR7507253A FR2263318B1 (es) 1974-03-08 1975-03-07
BE154112A BE826414A (fr) 1974-03-08 1975-03-07 Procede et appareil pour friser des fils et enchevetrer en meme temps les filaments dont ils sont composes

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US449427A US3874045A (en) 1974-03-08 1974-03-08 Simultaneously crimping and commingling yarns

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US3874045A true US3874045A (en) 1975-04-01

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US449427A Expired - Lifetime US3874045A (en) 1974-03-08 1974-03-08 Simultaneously crimping and commingling yarns

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US (1) US3874045A (es)
AT (1) AT345429B (es)
BE (1) BE826414A (es)
CH (3) CH593361B5 (es)
DE (1) DE2510067A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2263318B1 (es)
IT (1) IT1033494B (es)
LU (1) LU71975A1 (es)
NL (1) NL7502604A (es)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4103404A (en) * 1976-07-13 1978-08-01 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Nozzle device for the production of texturized filament yarns
US4293985A (en) * 1980-01-07 1981-10-13 Chevron Research Company Method and apparatus for making bounce crimped yarn
US6449938B1 (en) 2000-05-24 2002-09-17 Goulston Technologies, Inc. Advanced finish nozzle system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3409956A (en) * 1966-07-05 1968-11-12 Allied Chem Apparatus and process for texturizing yarn
US3707745A (en) * 1970-12-16 1973-01-02 Phillips Petroleum Co Yarn texturing
US3763525A (en) * 1971-12-01 1973-10-09 Allied Chem Steam jet crimping method and apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3409956A (en) * 1966-07-05 1968-11-12 Allied Chem Apparatus and process for texturizing yarn
US3707745A (en) * 1970-12-16 1973-01-02 Phillips Petroleum Co Yarn texturing
US3763525A (en) * 1971-12-01 1973-10-09 Allied Chem Steam jet crimping method and apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4103404A (en) * 1976-07-13 1978-08-01 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Nozzle device for the production of texturized filament yarns
US4293985A (en) * 1980-01-07 1981-10-13 Chevron Research Company Method and apparatus for making bounce crimped yarn
US6449938B1 (en) 2000-05-24 2002-09-17 Goulston Technologies, Inc. Advanced finish nozzle system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH287375A4 (es) 1977-03-31
DE2510067A1 (de) 1975-09-11
CH593361B5 (es) 1977-11-30
ATA172975A (de) 1978-01-15
LU71975A1 (es) 1976-02-04
NL7502604A (nl) 1975-09-10
IT1033494B (it) 1979-07-10
FR2263318A1 (es) 1975-10-03
CH596348A5 (es) 1978-03-15
FR2263318B1 (es) 1980-07-04
BE826414A (fr) 1975-09-08
AT345429B (de) 1978-09-11

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