US3871601A - Composite structure and high speed bobbin - Google Patents

Composite structure and high speed bobbin Download PDF

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Publication number
US3871601A
US3871601A US260090A US26009072A US3871601A US 3871601 A US3871601 A US 3871601A US 260090 A US260090 A US 260090A US 26009072 A US26009072 A US 26009072A US 3871601 A US3871601 A US 3871601A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cloth
paper
group
resin
composite structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US260090A
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English (en)
Inventor
Thomas G Crawford
William E Kearse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority to US260090A priority Critical patent/US3871601A/en
Priority to JP48062067A priority patent/JPS4961270A/ja
Priority to DE2328602A priority patent/DE2328602A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3871601A publication Critical patent/US3871601A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
    • B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
    • B65H75/18—Constructional details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S138/00—Pipes and tubular conduits
    • Y10S138/02—Glass fiber

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A composite structure of alternating sheets of glass cloth and organic paper or cloth both impregnated with an organic resin is disclosed.
  • a high speed bobbin is also disclosed where a cylinder of the composite structure has an outer coating or organic fiber reinforced resin.
  • the bobbin has a four-layered structure.
  • the outside external layer is organic paper or cloth reinforced resin and the inside external layer is phenolic resin impregnated paper or cloth.
  • the two internal layers are the composite structure and phenolic resin impregnated paper or cloth.
  • the preferred bobbins of this invention deflect less than 0.017 inches under an external force of 1500 psi., a severe test of the forces produced by double-knit yarn. They can also easily withstand the 6000 lbs. of axially applied pressure required to remove scrap yarn from the bobbin.
  • the brown dust previously encountered can be eliminated if the bobbin has an outside external surface of a paper of cloth impregnated with a white epoxy or melamine resin. This outside external surface can be inexpensively resurfaced if necessary.
  • FIG. I is an isometric sectional view of a composite structure according to this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a certain presently preferred embodiment ofa bobbin according to this invention being wound with yarn.
  • composite structure 1 is made up of sheets of glass cloth 2 alternating with sheets of organic cloth or paper-'3, both impregnated with a cured organic resin 4.
  • a preferred bobbin 5 is made up of four layers, an outside external layer 6 of organic paper or cloth impregnated with resin, an inside external layer 7 of organic paper or cloth impregnated with a phenolic resin, an internal layer 8 of the composite structure where the alternating sheets are concentric, and a second internal layer 9 of organic paper or cloth impregnated with a phenolic resin.
  • the bobbin rides over shaft 10.
  • a steel traverse drive roll 11 on shaft 12 guides yarn 13 across the bobbin and compresses it against the bobbin.
  • the composite structure may be in the form of a plate having flat alternating sheets or of a rod or tube having concentric alternating sheets.
  • the type of resin used, the percentage of resin, and thickness of each sheet will depend upon the purpose for which the composite structure is to be used.
  • the glass cloth in the composite structure is preferably about 3 to about 20 mils thick as this range provides adequate strength and flexibility.
  • the glass cloth is preferably woven directional glass cloth where the ratio of fiber tensile strength in the warp direction to the fill direction is about 5 to 1 to about 12 to I.
  • Nonwoven (i.e., matted) cloth could be used but it is not preferred as it is not as strong as woven cloth.
  • the organic paper or cloth is preferably about 3 to 6 mils thick as this range is usually adequate to prevent the glass sheets from abrading themselves.
  • the composite structure in a bobbin preferably has about 8 to about 32 sheets of glass cloth alternating with the same number of sheets of organic paper or cloth.
  • the organic paper or cloth should preferably be inexpensive and have a high rigidity in order to support the glass cloth. While almost any organic (i.e., noninorganic) paper or cloth could be used, including bleached kraft paper, bleached alpha paper, rag-stock paper, cotton linters, cotton cloth, etc., it is preferred to use natural kraft paper as it is strong and has good impact resistance. Preferably about 30 to about 45% (all percentages herein are by weight) of the composite structure is resin and about 55 to about is glass and paper or cloth.
  • the resin is preferably a phenolic resin such as phenol-formaldehyde, cresylic acid formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, or mixtures thereof, as these resins are inexpensive and work well.
  • phenol-formaldehyde is the most suitable and least expensive.
  • the second internal layer is less expensive and it is used as fill when a thicker layer of composite structure is not needed for strength.
  • This layer is preferably about 3 to about 6 mils thick and consists of about 45 to about 65% phenolic resin as hereinbefore described and about 35 to about 55% organic paper or cloth as hereinbefore described.
  • the two internal layers are preferably in the order shown in FIG. 2, as that order is stronger, but they could also be reversed. If they are reversed then the internal paper or cloth layer merges with the inside external layer.
  • the inside external layer is preferably about 6 to about 60 mils thick and may be of the same composition as the internal paper or cloth layer. The purpose of the inside external layer is to prevent the glass in the composite structure from attacking the steel shaft over which the bobbin rides.
  • the outside external layer protects the steel traverse drive roll from the glass in the composite layer and is typically about 1/32 to about /8 inch thick.
  • the outside external layer of the preferred bobbin is about 20 to about 35% organic material impregnated with about-65 to about 80% thermosetting organic resin.
  • the organic material is preferably cloth, preferably woven, as it is more durable, but it could also be a paper or an unwoven cloth.
  • the organic material is preferably about 0.010 to about 0.030 inches thick.
  • the organic material may be polyethylene terephthalate, cotton, polyester, nylon, etc., but polyethylene terephthalate is preferred as it has better wear resistance.
  • thermosetting organic resins include epoxy, melamineformaldehyde, acrylic, polyester, etc. Preferably the resin is white to avoid staining the yarn. Epoxy or melamine resins are preferred as they are the strongest. Phenol-formaldehyde is preferably not used as it tends to discolor the yarn.
  • the composite structure if in a plate form, can be made by stacking alternating sheets of resinimpregnated glass cloth and paper or cloth, pressing and curing. If it is in a cylindrical form, a sheet of paper or cloth and glass cloth are passed together through a resin bath, scraped to remove excess resin, partially cured and wound over a mandrel. Rolls heat and compress the sheets on the mandrel. The cylinder is then cured, removed from the mandrel and machined to the dimensions desired.
  • the preferred bobbin is made in a similar manner, except that the appropriate materials and resins are used for the different layers.
  • the resins should be selected so that they are compatible (i.e., adhereto each other) and cure at about the same temperature so that the bobbin can be cured in a single operation.
  • a typical bobbin is about 3 to about 6 inches l.D., about A to about 4 inches thick, and about 5 to about 17 inches long.
  • composition of the varnish was: 33.0% phenol, 9.2% styrene, 2.0% tung oil, 0.13% phenol-sulfonic acid, 29.0% formaldehyde, 0.16% lime, 0.13% ethylene-diamine, 0.22% ammonium hydroxide, 12.00% toluene, and 14.16% methanol.
  • Theimpregnated kraft paper was passed over a hot roll (140 to 160C) at 20 to 40 inches per minute and was wound on a 3-11/16 inch diameter hot mandrel (90 to 110C) until it was three wraps thick.
  • the phenol-formaldehyde varnish had the following composition: 38.4% phenol, 36.2% stabilized formaldehyde, 1.0% ammonia, 12.2% methanol, and 12.2% toluene.
  • the resinimpregnated glass cloth was placed over the kraft paper and wrapped onto the mandrel with it. When the composite layer was 4; inches thick the operation was stopped, the glass cut, and the operation continued with only the kraft paper. When the kraft paper was 3/16 inches thick on the mandrel, the operation was stopped and the kraft paper cut.
  • a scoured, desized, and heat-set polyester terephthalate (Dacron) woven cloth having a 1% maximum extractable content weight of 4.1 ounces/sq. yd., thread count/in. of warp 44, till 44, and average tensile strength ofwarp 123 lbs./in. fill 129 lbs./in. was impreg' nated with the following resin to a resin ratio of 2.80-3.00 and greenness or flow of l030%: 20.5 Epon 828 diepoxide /25.3% diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A at 80% solids in acetone (E.E.W. 450 to 550, viscosity 1290 to 6340), sold by Shell Chemical Company under the trademark Epon lA-80, 30.7% chlorendix anhydride 23.5% toluene.
  • the resin-impregnated Dacron cloth was wrapped over the mandrel to a thickness of 3/32 inches and the tube was heated for 5 hours at C. The tube was cooled, removed from the mandrel, and a 9% inch section was sawed off and machined to 9 /8 inches long and 0.400 inches thick.
  • the bobbin Under an external hydraulic pressure of 1500 lbs./in. the bobbin deflected inward less than 0.017 inches and returned to its original dimensions within 0.001 inches after the pressure was released. It also withstood a 6000 lbs. lateral pressure without breaking or cracking.
  • the bobbin was tested in a double-knit yarn factory and performed very well, did not leave dust on the yarn, and was reused many times.
  • a composite structure comprising at least four sheets of glass cloth, each sheet separated from adjacent sheets by at least one sheet of a material selected from the group consisting of organic paper and cloth, said sheets being impregnated and bonded together with a cured organic resin.
  • a bobbin comprising a composite structure according to claim 2 having an outside external layer of organic fiber impregnated with a cured thermosetting resin.
  • thermosetting resin is a white resin selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins and melamine resins.
  • a bobbin according to claim 3 which has an inside external layer of a material selected from the group consisting of paper and cloth impregnated with a phenolic resin.
  • a bobbin comprising a cylinder having four layers, the outside external layer of said cylinder being about 1/32 to about /8 inch thick and comprising an organic material selected from the group consisting of paper and cloth impregnated with a cured thermosetting resin, the inside external layer being about 6 to about 60 mils thick and comprising an organic material selected from the group consisting of paper and cloth impregnated with a cured phenolic resin, one of the two internal layers (A) being about 3 to about 6 mils thick and comprising an organic material selected from the group consisting of paper and cloth impregnated with a cured phenolic resin, and the other internal layer (B) being a composite structure which comprises about 8 to about 32 sheets of glass cloth, each sheet separated from adjacent sheets by at least one sheet of an organic material selected from the group consisting of paper and cloth, said sheets being impregnated and bonded together with a cured phenolic resin.
  • a bobbin according to claim 6 wherein said phenolic resin in said composite structure is about 30 to about 45% of said composite structure and is selected from the group consisting of phenolic formaldehyde resins, cresylic acid formaldehyde resins, melamineformaldehyde resins, and mixtures thereof.
  • a bobbin according to claim 6 wherein said outside external layer comprises about to about 35% polyethylene terephthalate woven cloth and about 65 to about 80% selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin and melamine resin.
  • a bobbin according to claim 6 wherein said paper is natural kraft paper.
  • a resin selected from the group consisting of phenolic formaldehyde resins, cresylic acid formaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins and mixtures thereof, and about 35 to about 55% of an organic material selected from the group consisting of cloth and paper.
  • a bobbin according to claim 6 wherein said inside external layer comprises about 45 to about 65% of a phenolic resin selected from the group consisting of phenol formaldehyde resins, cresylic acid formaldehyde resins, and mixtures thereof.
  • a bobbin according to claim 6 wherein said cylinder is about 5 to about 17 inches long, about 3 to about 6 inches inside diameter, and about A to about /1 inches thick.
  • a bobbin according to claim 6 wherein the glass cloth in said composite structure is about 3 to about 20 mils thick, said glass cloth is directional glass cloth having a ratio of fiber tensile strength in the warp direction to the fill direction of about 5 to 1 to about l2 to l, and said organic material in said composite structure is about 3 to 6 mils thick.

Landscapes

  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
US260090A 1972-06-06 1972-06-06 Composite structure and high speed bobbin Expired - Lifetime US3871601A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US260090A US3871601A (en) 1972-06-06 1972-06-06 Composite structure and high speed bobbin
JP48062067A JPS4961270A (ja) 1972-06-06 1973-06-04
DE2328602A DE2328602A1 (de) 1972-06-06 1973-06-05 Aus mehreren schichten aufgebautes material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US260090A US3871601A (en) 1972-06-06 1972-06-06 Composite structure and high speed bobbin

Publications (1)

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US3871601A true US3871601A (en) 1975-03-18

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US (1) US3871601A (ja)
JP (1) JPS4961270A (ja)
DE (1) DE2328602A1 (ja)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4401283A (en) * 1980-11-12 1983-08-30 Kelley Douglas M Yarn tube
US4576810A (en) * 1983-08-05 1986-03-18 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Carbon fiber production

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3428466A1 (de) * 1984-08-02 1986-02-13 Wibmer + Co KG, 7417 Pfullingen Huelse als wickelkern
DE3624522A1 (de) * 1986-07-19 1988-01-21 Majer Christian Gmbh Co Kg Wickelkoerper
DE19931221A1 (de) * 1999-07-06 2001-01-11 Michael Jenisch Hülse

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2653887A (en) * 1947-08-01 1953-09-29 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of producing tubing
US2854031A (en) * 1952-04-11 1958-09-30 Donaldson Chase Plastic tubing
US2877150A (en) * 1955-05-11 1959-03-10 Marion E Wilson Method of manufacturing pipes, conduits, and the like
US2945638A (en) * 1956-07-10 1960-07-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Composite laminated tube
US3054428A (en) * 1959-10-22 1962-09-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Composite laminated tubular member
US3553046A (en) * 1968-01-02 1971-01-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Impact resistant laminated spin bobbin

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2653887A (en) * 1947-08-01 1953-09-29 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method of producing tubing
US2854031A (en) * 1952-04-11 1958-09-30 Donaldson Chase Plastic tubing
US2877150A (en) * 1955-05-11 1959-03-10 Marion E Wilson Method of manufacturing pipes, conduits, and the like
US2945638A (en) * 1956-07-10 1960-07-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Composite laminated tube
US3054428A (en) * 1959-10-22 1962-09-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Composite laminated tubular member
US3553046A (en) * 1968-01-02 1971-01-05 Westinghouse Electric Corp Impact resistant laminated spin bobbin

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4401283A (en) * 1980-11-12 1983-08-30 Kelley Douglas M Yarn tube
US4576810A (en) * 1983-08-05 1986-03-18 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Carbon fiber production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2328602A1 (de) 1974-01-10
JPS4961270A (ja) 1974-06-13

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