US3871151A - Window opening protective grill - Google Patents

Window opening protective grill Download PDF

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Publication number
US3871151A
US3871151A US396900A US39690073A US3871151A US 3871151 A US3871151 A US 3871151A US 396900 A US396900 A US 396900A US 39690073 A US39690073 A US 39690073A US 3871151 A US3871151 A US 3871151A
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frame
modules
window opening
grillwork
combination according
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US396900A
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Estephanian Estephan Der
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/01—Grilles fixed to walls, doors, or windows; Grilles moving with doors or windows; Walls formed as grilles, e.g. claustra

Definitions

  • This invention has to do with protection of window openings and the like against unauthorized entry. More particularly, the invention is concerned with a modular type of grillwork for window openings which is readily assembled in any desired length and width, on the job site and from components having standarized size and fittings for ease of installation.
  • a window protective grillwork comprising a peripherally supported vertically and horizontally extended succession of frame modules and frame link modules, self-locking means on the modules alined and in interengagement against relative modular movement and in a predetermined grillwork pattern dimensioned to overlie the window opening.
  • the frame and frame link modules are connectible into a window covering array by simple, self-locking interengagement which simplifies assembly and defies disassembly by a wouldbe intruder.
  • the grillwork may further include wall connection means such as an elongated, rigid wall connection member fastened at one end to the wall beyond the window opening perimeter and at its opposite end retained within a frame module to support the grillwork in position.
  • the frame modules and frame link modules will typically lie in a common plane parallel to the plane of the window opening, and carry interfitting shoulders defining the mentioned locking means and engageable upon relative movement when interfitted to selectively self-lock the modules together.
  • Each frame module may comprise a rigid member describing a generally' closed figure such as a generally rectangular metal member, having opposed sets of frame link interfitting means spaced along its perimeter, such as opposed apertures in opposite side walls defining the frame link module interfitting means.
  • Each frame link may comprise an elongated, generally straight rigid element having terminal portions each defining frame module interfitting means, e.g. opposite terminal portions each receivable within a frame side wall aperture in a first modal relation and retainable within said aperture in a second modal relation thereto, with the second modal relation corresponding to the mentioned predetermined grillwork pattern.
  • each frame link module terminal portion terminates in a laterally projecting shoulder selectively receivable and engageable in a frame module aperture, and carries stop means inwardly of this shoulder to limit entry of the terminal portion into the aperture, the shoulder and stop means being opposed and spaced relatively to jointly engage the frame side wall on opposite sides thereof when the frame module and frame link module are in the second modal relation.
  • the frame module apertures and frame link shoulders may be rectangular in transverse section and congruent for free relative interfitting movement when their respective modules are in angularly disposed planes and self-locking engagement when their respective modules are in parallel planes.
  • the frame modules are sized to have at least three thereof in line at least horizontally and preferably both vertically and horizontally within the window opening perimeter.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in front elevation of a grillwork according to the invention installed over a window open-
  • FIG. 2 is a view of a single frame with associated frame links and illustrating the grillwork mounting, the view being taken on line 22 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a frontal view of the frame module, taken on line 3-3 in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a detail view of an alternate mounting arrangement for the grillwork.
  • the grillwork 1 comprises a succession of frame modules 2 and frame link modules 3 which is vertically and horizontally extended to overlie window openings 4 formed in wall 5 and window 6 therein supported by frame 7 secured to wall 5 by means not shown.
  • each frame module 2 comprises a generally rectangular closed figure, or square 8 formed of bar stock, such as steel, of a type and thickness to preclude distortion by application of an ordinary amount of force.
  • the frame module 2 may be formed by bending a steel bar into a square 8 as shown, or into another suitable shape such as a triangle, circle, crescent, parallelogram or like figure.
  • the figure 8 need not be fully closed, provided the assembly of figures effectively blocks ingress through the grillwork and has sufficient strength in the assembled condition.
  • Each frame link module 3 comprises a generally straight, elongated, rigid member 9 adapted to space and interfit adjacent frame modules 2.
  • the frame link module member 9 has a terminal portion 10 and comprising a laterally projecting shoulder 11 in this case formed by bending the member terminus to 'a right angle relation with the member 9. Accordingly, the shoulder 11 projects transversely of the longitudinal axis of the member 9 and is of like rectangular transverse-section.
  • the frame modules 2 are each provided with apertures 12 at 12, 3, 6 and 9 oclock, rectangular in shape and congruent with the transverse-section of shoulder 11 of the frame link module member 9 to receive the link shoulder 11 in interfitting relation.
  • FIGS. 1-3 the frame module 2 and frame link module 3 are shown assembled, the terminal shoulders 11 of link members 9 being inserted into frame module apertures 12 and the frame link modules and frame modules being in a common plane (parallel to the window opening plane) the link member shoulders 11 engaging the shoulders 13 surrounding apertures 12 to prevent withdrawal of the link members from the frame figures 8 so long as the direction of link withdrawal is in a plane parallel to or common with the plane of the frame module 2.
  • assembly is readily effected by presenting the link module at an angle to the frame module whereby link member shoulder 11 is insertable into the frame aperture 12, see the phantom lines in FIG.
  • a stop in the form of upsets, deflections or bosses 14, on either or both sides of the member 9 inwardly of terminating shoulder 11 are provided.
  • the bosses 14 are spaced from the shoulder 11 a distance approximating the thickness of the frame module member 8 side wall 15 in which the receiving aperture 12 is formed. See FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the coplanar alinement of frame link module member 9 and frame module 2 pinches the side wall 15 at aperture periphery 13, between member shoulder ll and boss 14 to provide a rigid interengagement with respect to axial movement of the link member 9 and additionally enables quick assembly in proper alinement.
  • the grillwork 1 is peripherally supported at 18 as best shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 by wall connection members l9 fastened at their outer end 20 to wall 5 by a suitable fastener such as flat head bolt 21 screwed into the wall through an opening 22 in the outer end of the member.
  • the inner end of wall connection members 19 is retained in aperture 12 in frame module 2.
  • wall connection members 19 are provided with a laterally projecting shoulder 23 at an innermost extent configured to enter into the opposing frame aperture 12.
  • the frame engaging terminal portion 24 of the wall connection members 19 are configured like the frame engaging terminal portions 10 oflink members 9 for ready insertion, and easy movement into a self-locking mode with the aperture periphery 13 of frame side wall 15 pinched between wall connection member shoulder 23 and bosses 25.
  • the outer end of wall connection member 19, see FIG. 2, is provided with plural spaced openings 22 for fastener insertion.
  • the fastener 21 may be located advantageously on the wall 5 and the connection member length varied to suit optimum location of the fastener, to contribute further to the universality of the modular grillwork of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 a variation in the manner of wall connection is shown.
  • Wall connection member 19 is reversed from the FIGS. l3 position, i.e. the member projects inwardly from the frame module 2 to the wall 5 with shoulder 23 and boss 25 engaged in reverse to the manner described above.
  • the grillwork 1 extends outwardly of the window perimeter a slight distance, where this is desirable from a size consideration.
  • certain wall connection members 19 are secured to the wall beyond of the window opening 4 perimeter. These members are connected to frame modules 2 as explained and additional frames and frame links 3 are assembled, vertically and horizontally with perimeter frames being secured to appropriately placed wall connection members 19. In each case, the frames and frame links are interfitted at a first modal (angular) relation and fastened together at a second modal (parallel) relation into a rigid structure as described.
  • a building wall having a window opening; and protective grillwork structure comprising a vertically and horizontally extended alternating succession of generally rectangular open frame modules having opposed relatively small apertures in opposite side walls and generally straight elongated, rigid frame link modules interconnected therewith, said frame link modules having opposed terminal portions each comprising a laterally projecting shoulder inserted endwise into said frame apertures when said modules are in a relatively angularly disposed planes and engaged therewith, and stop means inwardly of said shoulder limiting shoulder insertion into said apertures, said shoulder and stop means being arranged relatively engaged with the frame side'wall on opposite sides thereof in self-locking interengagement against movement in any direction when said frame modules and frame link module are in a common plane, said grillwork structure being dimensioned to overlie the window opening, and wall connection means securing the grillwork structure at said frame module aperture to the building wall at the window opening perimeter.
  • each frame module comprises a square member.
  • said wall connection means comprises an elongated, rigid member fastened at one end of the building wall beyond the window opening perimeter and at its opposite end retained within a frame module aperture.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)

Abstract

Window opening protective grillwork comprising a peripherally supported vertically and horizontally extended succession of frame modules and frame link modules having self locking means alined and in interengagement against relative modular movement and in a predetermined grillwork pattern dimensioned to overlie the window opening.

Description

United States Patent 1 Der Estephanian 51 Mar. 18, 1975 WINDOW OPENING PROTECTIVE GRILL [76] Inventor: Estephan Der Estephanian, 2452 Boulder Rd, Altadena, Calif. 91001 [22] Filed: Sept. 13, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 396,900
Related US. Application Data [63] Continuation of Ser. No. 181,843, Sept. 20, 1971,
abandoned.
[52] U.S. Cl 52/507, 52/509, 52/663 [51] Int. Cl. E04c 2/40 [58] Field of Search 52/660, 663, 509, 507, 52/659; 160/104; 49/5056 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Korger 287/54 C X 2/1965 Araas 52/663 X 10/1970 James 52/581 Primary ExaminerFrank L. Abbott Assistant Examiner-Carl D. Friedman Attorney, Agent, or FirmLouis J. Bachand [57] ABSTRACT Window opening protective grillwork comprising a peripherally supported vertically and horizontally extended succession of frame modules and frame link modules having self locking means alined and in interengagement against relative modular movement and in a predetermined grillwork pattern dimensioned to overlie the window opening.
7 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures WINDOW OPENING PROTECTIVE GRILL This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 181,843, filed Sept. 20, 1971, now abandoned.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention has to do with protection of window openings and the like against unauthorized entry. More particularly, the invention is concerned with a modular type of grillwork for window openings which is readily assembled in any desired length and width, on the job site and from components having standarized size and fittings for ease of installation.
Crimes against property, especially breaking and entering for purposes of burglarizing commercial and residential buildings have increased greatly in number in the last few years, particularly in urban areas, but no area, however remote, is completely safe from felonious intrusion. This trend has renewed interest in grilllike expedients for blocking entry of persons through window openings without shutting out light and air.
PRIOR ART Foremost among the expedients have been elaborate New Orleans iron work and Mediterranean style pikes arranged over the window opening with patterns to compliment the exterior of the building. These grillworks have usually been constructed in an ironworking shop to fit specific openings and on a custom and therefore, highly expensive basis.
The need today is not so much the decoration of houses for the well-to-do as the protection of warehouse and factory buildings which are being regularly plundered for their equipment, inventory and supplies. In such buildings, window openings vary greatly in width and height and may be of considerable size overall. Individually wrought grills are not economically feasible and their commonly employed decorative embellishments unnecessary to the purpose at hand.
I have considered the available expedients for protecting window openings with grillwork and concluded that what is presently available is too costly to make, insufficiently flexible in dimensioning and needlessly laborious to install.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, I have developed a modular form of grillwork which can be made up of very few, standard pieces, in volume and at low cost, assembled on-site without tools and installed simply using only common wall fastening techniques. Moreover, the basic modular members can be combined into wide and short, tall and narrow or both wide and tall arrangements for any given window protection problem, thus obviating the excessive material cost, undue labor cost and inflexible dimensioning problems heretofore existing in this art.
These objectives of the invention and others to be come apparent hereinafter are realized according to the invention in a window protective grillwork comprising a peripherally supported vertically and horizontally extended succession of frame modules and frame link modules, self-locking means on the modules alined and in interengagement against relative modular movement and in a predetermined grillwork pattern dimensioned to overlie the window opening.
It is a particular feature, that the frame and frame link modules are connectible into a window covering array by simple, self-locking interengagement which simplifies assembly and defies disassembly by a wouldbe intruder.
The grillwork may further include wall connection means such as an elongated, rigid wall connection member fastened at one end to the wall beyond the window opening perimeter and at its opposite end retained within a frame module to support the grillwork in position. The frame modules and frame link modules will typically lie in a common plane parallel to the plane of the window opening, and carry interfitting shoulders defining the mentioned locking means and engageable upon relative movement when interfitted to selectively self-lock the modules together. Each frame module may comprise a rigid member describing a generally' closed figure such as a generally rectangular metal member, having opposed sets of frame link interfitting means spaced along its perimeter, such as opposed apertures in opposite side walls defining the frame link module interfitting means. Each frame link may comprise an elongated, generally straight rigid element having terminal portions each defining frame module interfitting means, e.g. opposite terminal portions each receivable within a frame side wall aperture in a first modal relation and retainable within said aperture in a second modal relation thereto, with the second modal relation corresponding to the mentioned predetermined grillwork pattern.
In particular embodiments, each frame link module terminal portion terminates in a laterally projecting shoulder selectively receivable and engageable in a frame module aperture, and carries stop means inwardly of this shoulder to limit entry of the terminal portion into the aperture, the shoulder and stop means being opposed and spaced relatively to jointly engage the frame side wall on opposite sides thereof when the frame module and frame link module are in the second modal relation. The frame module apertures and frame link shoulders may be rectangular in transverse section and congruent for free relative interfitting movement when their respective modules are in angularly disposed planes and self-locking engagement when their respective modules are in parallel planes. Typically, the frame modules are sized to have at least three thereof in line at least horizontally and preferably both vertically and horizontally within the window opening perimeter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be further described as to an illustrative embodiment thereof in conjunction with the attached drawings in which: v
FIG. 1 is a view in front elevation of a grillwork according to the invention installed over a window open- FIG. 2 is a view of a single frame with associated frame links and illustrating the grillwork mounting, the view being taken on line 22 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a frontal view of the frame module, taken on line 3-3 in FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is a detail view of an alternate mounting arrangement for the grillwork.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring now to the drawings in detail, and particularly FIG. 1, the grillwork 1 comprises a succession of frame modules 2 and frame link modules 3 which is vertically and horizontally extended to overlie window openings 4 formed in wall 5 and window 6 therein supported by frame 7 secured to wall 5 by means not shown.
It will be observed in FIGS. l-3 that each frame module 2 comprises a generally rectangular closed figure, or square 8 formed of bar stock, such as steel, of a type and thickness to preclude distortion by application of an ordinary amount of force. The frame module 2 may be formed by bending a steel bar into a square 8 as shown, or into another suitable shape such as a triangle, circle, crescent, parallelogram or like figure. As will be evident the figure 8 need not be fully closed, provided the assembly of figures effectively blocks ingress through the grillwork and has sufficient strength in the assembled condition.
Each frame link module 3 comprises a generally straight, elongated, rigid member 9 adapted to space and interfit adjacent frame modules 2. As best shown in FIG. 2 (top) the frame link module member 9 has a terminal portion 10 and comprising a laterally projecting shoulder 11 in this case formed by bending the member terminus to 'a right angle relation with the member 9. Accordingly, the shoulder 11 projects transversely of the longitudinal axis of the member 9 and is of like rectangular transverse-section.
The frame modules 2 are each provided with apertures 12 at 12, 3, 6 and 9 oclock, rectangular in shape and congruent with the transverse-section of shoulder 11 of the frame link module member 9 to receive the link shoulder 11 in interfitting relation.
In FIGS. 1-3, the frame module 2 and frame link module 3 are shown assembled, the terminal shoulders 11 of link members 9 being inserted into frame module apertures 12 and the frame link modules and frame modules being in a common plane (parallel to the window opening plane) the link member shoulders 11 engaging the shoulders 13 surrounding apertures 12 to prevent withdrawal of the link members from the frame figures 8 so long as the direction of link withdrawal is in a plane parallel to or common with the plane of the frame module 2. On the other hand, assembly is readily effected by presenting the link module at an angle to the frame module whereby link member shoulder 11 is insertable into the frame aperture 12, see the phantom lines in FIG. 2, and following an initial insertion distance, straightening the link module member 9 up to be in a parallel or common plane with the frame module 2, the link shoulder then engaging the shoulder like periphery 13 of the aperture 12. It will be noted that when a series of frame modules 2 and frame link modules 3 are thus assembled, their disassembly is not possible without altering their coplanar relation, which alteration is not feasible while the grillwork is peripherally supported, as explained below.
To limit the extent of member 9 insertion into frame module aperture 12, a stop in the form of upsets, deflections or bosses 14, on either or both sides of the member 9 inwardly of terminating shoulder 11 are provided. Typically, and as shown the bosses 14 are spaced from the shoulder 11 a distance approximating the thickness of the frame module member 8 side wall 15 in which the receiving aperture 12 is formed. See FIGS. 2 and 3. In this manner, the coplanar alinement of frame link module member 9 and frame module 2 pinches the side wall 15 at aperture periphery 13, between member shoulder ll and boss 14 to provide a rigid interengagement with respect to axial movement of the link member 9 and additionally enables quick assembly in proper alinement.
The grillwork 1 is peripherally supported at 18 as best shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 by wall connection members l9 fastened at their outer end 20 to wall 5 by a suitable fastener such as flat head bolt 21 screwed into the wall through an opening 22 in the outer end of the member. The inner end of wall connection members 19 is retained in aperture 12 in frame module 2. For this purpose, wall connection members 19 are provided with a laterally projecting shoulder 23 at an innermost extent configured to enter into the opposing frame aperture 12. It will be noted that the frame engaging terminal portion 24 of the wall connection members 19 are configured like the frame engaging terminal portions 10 oflink members 9 for ready insertion, and easy movement into a self-locking mode with the aperture periphery 13 of frame side wall 15 pinched between wall connection member shoulder 23 and bosses 25.
The outer end of wall connection member 19, see FIG. 2, is provided with plural spaced openings 22 for fastener insertion. In this manner the fastener 21 may be located advantageously on the wall 5 and the connection member length varied to suit optimum location of the fastener, to contribute further to the universality of the modular grillwork of the invention.
In FIG. 4 a variation in the manner of wall connection is shown. Wall connection member 19 is reversed from the FIGS. l3 position, i.e. the member projects inwardly from the frame module 2 to the wall 5 with shoulder 23 and boss 25 engaged in reverse to the manner described above. In this embodiment the grillwork 1 extends outwardly of the window perimeter a slight distance, where this is desirable from a size consideration.
In assembling the grillwork, certain wall connection members 19 are secured to the wall beyond of the window opening 4 perimeter. These members are connected to frame modules 2 as explained and additional frames and frame links 3 are assembled, vertically and horizontally with perimeter frames being secured to appropriately placed wall connection members 19. In each case, the frames and frame links are interfitted at a first modal (angular) relation and fastened together at a second modal (parallel) relation into a rigid structure as described.
I claim:
1. In combination:
A building wall having a window opening; and protective grillwork structure comprising a vertically and horizontally extended alternating succession of generally rectangular open frame modules having opposed relatively small apertures in opposite side walls and generally straight elongated, rigid frame link modules interconnected therewith, said frame link modules having opposed terminal portions each comprising a laterally projecting shoulder inserted endwise into said frame apertures when said modules are in a relatively angularly disposed planes and engaged therewith, and stop means inwardly of said shoulder limiting shoulder insertion into said apertures, said shoulder and stop means being arranged relatively engaged with the frame side'wall on opposite sides thereof in self-locking interengagement against movement in any direction when said frame modules and frame link module are in a common plane, said grillwork structure being dimensioned to overlie the window opening, and wall connection means securing the grillwork structure at said frame module aperture to the building wall at the window opening perimeter.
2. Combination according to claim 1 in which said wall connection means extends beyond the window opening perimeter.
3. Combination according to claim 1 in which each frame module comprises a square member.
4. Combination according to claim 1 in which said wall connection means comprises an elongated, rigid member fastened at one end of the building wall beyond the window opening perimeter and at its opposite end retained within a frame module aperture.
* =I l= l

Claims (7)

1. In combination: A building wall having a window opening; and protective grillwork structure comprising a vertically and horizontally extended alternating succession of generally rectangular open frame modules having opposed relatively small apertures in opposite side walls and generally straight elongated, rigid frame link modules interconnected therewith, said frame link modules having opposed terminal portions each comprising a laterally projecting shoulder inserted endwise into said frame apertures when said modules are in a relatively angularly disposed planes and engaged therewith, and stop means inwardly of said shoulder limiting shoulder insertion into said apertures, said shoulder and stop means being arranged relatively engaged with the frame side wall on opposite sides thereof in self-locking interengagement against movement in any direction when said frame modules and frame link module are in a common plane, said grillwork structure being dimensioned to overlie the window opening, and wall connection means securing the grillwork structure at said frame module aperture to the building wall at the window opening perimeter.
2. Combination according to claim 1 in which said wall connection means extends beyond the window opening perimeter.
3. Combination according to claim 1 in which each frame module comprises a square member.
4. Combination according to claim 1 in which said wall connection means comprises an elongated, rigid member fastened at one end of the building wall beyond the window opening perimeter and at its opposite end retained within a frame module aperture.
5. Combination according to claim 1 in which said frame modules are sized to have at least three thereof in line within the window opening perimeter.
6. Combination according to claim 1 in which said frame modules and frame link modules are metal and said frame modules are square.
7. Combination according to claim 6 in which said wall connection means comprises an elongated rigid member fastened at one end to the building wall beyond the window opening perimeter and at its opposite end retained within a frame module aperture.
US396900A 1971-09-20 1973-09-13 Window opening protective grill Expired - Lifetime US3871151A (en)

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US396900A US3871151A (en) 1971-09-20 1973-09-13 Window opening protective grill

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4799346A (en) * 1988-07-16 1989-01-24 Advanced Glass Systems Corp. Laminated glazing unit
GB2283268A (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-03 Patrick Lister Security grille
US5740628A (en) * 1996-03-08 1998-04-21 Almond; Gary L. Removable security apparatus for building openings
US5893235A (en) * 1996-03-08 1999-04-13 Almond; Gary L. Removable security apparatus for building openings
US6182397B1 (en) 1997-04-03 2001-02-06 Gary L. Almond Removable security apparatus for building openings with quick-release latch mechanism
WO2019056576A1 (en) * 2017-08-13 2019-03-28 汤小晓 Safe and convenient window pattern structure
US11171810B1 (en) * 2020-10-07 2021-11-09 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp Misconfigured uplink identification

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2854103A (en) * 1953-05-25 1958-09-30 A L Smith Iron Company Light-shielding grid
US3170200A (en) * 1963-02-26 1965-02-23 Edythe K Araas Door grill
US3534519A (en) * 1967-03-14 1970-10-20 James Erection Co Ltd Constructional kit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2854103A (en) * 1953-05-25 1958-09-30 A L Smith Iron Company Light-shielding grid
US3170200A (en) * 1963-02-26 1965-02-23 Edythe K Araas Door grill
US3534519A (en) * 1967-03-14 1970-10-20 James Erection Co Ltd Constructional kit

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4799346A (en) * 1988-07-16 1989-01-24 Advanced Glass Systems Corp. Laminated glazing unit
GB2283268A (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-03 Patrick Lister Security grille
GB2283268B (en) * 1993-10-28 1997-03-19 Patrick Lister Security grille
US5740628A (en) * 1996-03-08 1998-04-21 Almond; Gary L. Removable security apparatus for building openings
US5893235A (en) * 1996-03-08 1999-04-13 Almond; Gary L. Removable security apparatus for building openings
US6182397B1 (en) 1997-04-03 2001-02-06 Gary L. Almond Removable security apparatus for building openings with quick-release latch mechanism
WO2019056576A1 (en) * 2017-08-13 2019-03-28 汤小晓 Safe and convenient window pattern structure
US11171810B1 (en) * 2020-10-07 2021-11-09 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp Misconfigured uplink identification

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