US3870012A - Pressure drop alarm device - Google Patents

Pressure drop alarm device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3870012A
US3870012A US406469A US40646973A US3870012A US 3870012 A US3870012 A US 3870012A US 406469 A US406469 A US 406469A US 40646973 A US40646973 A US 40646973A US 3870012 A US3870012 A US 3870012A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
fluid
source
outlet
conduit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US406469A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Metivier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3870012A publication Critical patent/US3870012A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/113—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb occurring during breathing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0051—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes with alarm devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8158—With indicator, register, recorder, alarm or inspection means
    • Y10T137/8326—Fluid pressure responsive indicator, recorder or alarm

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An alarm device for indicating a drop in pressure. particularly but not exclusively in automatic artificial respiration apparatus.
  • the device functions pneumatically.
  • a source of pressure fluid is connected to a timing device connected in its turn by an outlet to a pressure fluid feed conduit, via a manometric capsule which is normally closed.
  • the latter opens when the pressure in the conduit reaches a certain maximum pressure, in order to evacuate the timing circuit.
  • the aforementioned outlet is likewise connected to a pneumatic cell with the logical function YES, normally closed, in order to prevent communication between at least one alarm device and the source of pressure fluid.
  • This cell opens if the pressure in the timing circuit exceeds a certain predetermined threshold, as a result of the fact that, since the pressure in the feed conduit has not reached the maximum value, the manometric capsule has not opened.
  • the present invention relates to an alarm device for indicating a drop in pressure, and is particularly but not exclusively suitable for use with automatic artificial respiration apparatus.
  • a device is associated with a feed or supply conduit for fluid under pressure, to be supplied from a source of fluid.
  • the device to which the present invention relates is intended to indicate any pressure drops occurring in the said feed or supply conduit, if after a certain pre-selected period the pressure has not reached a certain nominal level.
  • Pressure drop alarm devices of this type are already known, actuated either mechanically or electrically. It has been found in practice that these devices are not entirely reliable, to the extent necessary in the case of automatic artifical respiration.
  • the monitoring of long-term ventilation processes calls for costly electrical and electronic apparatus.
  • the most important ventilation parameter to be monitored is the stoppage of the respirator or the disconnection of extremely reliable alarm device. It is intended to give warning, by optical and/or sound signals, of any maximum insufflation pressure below a certain predetermined threshold, after a period of which the minimum duration exceeds the longest period of the cycle of the respirator.
  • a pressure drop alarm device particularly but not exclusively for use with automatic respiration apparatus, and associated with and between a feed or supply conduit for fluid under pressure and a source of pressure fluid, the device indicating that, after a certain preselected period, the pressure in the feed conduit has failed to reach a predetermined maximum P, wherein the device functions pneumatically and wherein the source of pressure fluid is connected to a timing device having an outlet connected to the feed conduit, via a manometric capsule which is normally closed and which opens when the pressure in the said feed conduit reaches the maximum pressure P in order to evacuate pressure fluid from the timing device, the said outlet of the timing device also being connected to a pneumatic cell with a logical function YES normally closed to prevent the feed of fluid from the said source to at least one alarm, and opened to actuate the or each alarm if the pressure in the timing device exceeds a certain preselected threshold P caused by manometric capsule remaining closed due to the pressure in the feed conduit failing to reach the said maximum
  • the main advantage of the present invention by comparison with devices of the same kind hitherto known resides not only in its low cost but in its high operating reliability. This can only be obtained by the use of the fluid (gas) under pressure, supplying the fluid under pressure to the feed conduit, as an information transport agent which monitors the pressure in order to indicate the respective pressure drop.
  • the gas under pressure in the case of artificial respiration apparatus, consists of compressed oxygen. It is available without interruption in establishments where artificial respiration is carried out.
  • FIG. 1 is a synoptic schematic diagram of a device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a pneumatic diagram of the same device.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing the course taken by the pressure in the feed conduit for the fluid under pressure, as a function of time, and also the course taken by the pressure in the container of the timing system of the pressure drop alarm device to which the present invention relates.
  • a device according to the present invention and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is associated with a feed or supply conduit 4 for fluid under pressure, mainly consisting of a respiratory circuit of an automatic artifical respiration apparatus. It is intended to indicate any abnormal pressure drop in this conduit, e.g. resulting from the stoppage of the respirator, if the pressure in this conduit has not reached a certain level after a certain preselected period.
  • the device of this kind according to the present invention and as shown in FIG. 1 is thus connected to a source of fluid 1 consisting of the compressed gas.
  • This source of fluid 1 feeds the supply conduit 4 with fluid under pressure and also a pneumatic timing device 2, to the entry E of which it is connected.
  • the timing device 2 is connected by its outlet S to the entry E of a manometric capsule 3.
  • the latter is normally closed at its outlet 8;, which is connected to the feed conduit 4 for fluid under pressure, placed under the control of the alarm device.
  • the outlet 5; of the timing circuit 2 is likewise connected to a control inlet C of a pneumatic cell 5 for a logical function YES.”
  • the latter is connected by its entry E to the source of fluid 1 and by its outlet S normally closed, with at least one sound alarm device 6 and/or optical alarm device of a sufficient number, usually a whistle 7 and a pneumatic visual signal 8, placed in any suitably chosen spot.
  • the alarm device to which the present invention relates and as constructed is furthermore provided, as shown in the pneumatic diagram in FIG. 2, at a point of connection 20 to the source of fluid 1 under pressure, with a distribution tap or cock 10, of the ON" and OFF type.
  • the timing circuit 2 comprises a constriction 11, constituting a resistance connected in series to the passage of the gas arriving from the source of fluid l and a container 12 fed through the constriction 11.
  • the manometric capsule 3 is in fact a valve normally closed and included in the passage of the gas between a conduit 21, connecting the entry E to the outlet S of the timing device 2, and a conduit 22 connecting the outlet 8;, to the feed conduit 4 for fluid under pressure (respiratory circuit), placed under the control of the alarm device.
  • the manometric capsule or valve 3 comprises a housing 31 made in two parts, inside which is accommodated an elastic diaphragm 32 delimiting two chambers 33 and 34.
  • a spring 35 of which the tension can be regulated according to the value P of the opening pressure of the valve by means of-a knob, not shown in the drawing, isaccommodated in the upper chamber 33.
  • the spring 35 bears on the diaphragm 32 via a disc 36.
  • a clack valve 38 is provided in the lower chamber 34. It may or may not cut off the communication between the entry E andthe interior of the said chamber,
  • a thrust member 40 pro- 'vided with a flat head 41 integral with the membrane 32 is likewise provided with a rod 42 integral with the clack valve 38.
  • the spring 35 presses on the diaphragm 32, and the flat 41 of the thrust member, by means of its rod 42, presses the clack valve 38 on the entry E in order to seal it.
  • the pneumatic cell 5 with a logical function YES, is a control valve, normally closed, positioned on a conduit 23, connecting its control inlet C to the outlet S of the timing device 2.
  • the pneumatic cell 5 is likewise positioned on the passage of the gas coming from the source of fluid 1, connected to its entry E Being normally closed, it prevents this gas from reaching the alarm devices 7 and 8 connected to the outlet S of the said cell.
  • the pneumatic cell 5 comprises a body 51 bored with three orifices, i.e., the entry orifice E for compressed gas, the outlet orifice S and the control inlet orifice C
  • the entry E communicates with an upper chamber 52; the outlet orifice S communicates with an upper middle chamber 53, and the control inlet orifice C is in communication with a lower chamber 55.
  • the two chambers 52 and 55 are delimited by fixed walls having apertures 56 and 57 respectively.
  • the aperture 56 towards the upper chamber 52, accommodates a ball 58 constituting a movable clack valve which can be applied to a seat surrounding the aperture 56, thus providing a hermetic closure.
  • a rod 59 ofa thrust member 60 accommodated in a lower middle chamber 54 passes through the aperture 57 towards the ball 58.
  • the thrust member 60 bears against a diaphragm 61 forming an elastic wall between the lower chamber 55 and the lower middle chamber 54.
  • the gas from the source of fluid I normally presses the ball 58 onto its seat and obstructs the passage of fluid to the upper middle chamber 53 and the outlet orifice S
  • the pneumatic alarm devices 7 and 8 are not then fed with gas under pressure.
  • the curve of the upper part of the graph in FIG. 3 at the same time shows the course taken by the pressure in the container 12, in the conduit 23 and in the lower 7 chamber55 of the pneumatic cell 5; under normal op- 'erating conditions this pressure increases from an initial value P depending on the source of fluid 1 and the constriction 11.
  • the container 12 commences to empty.
  • the pressure in the container 12 decreases fairly rapidly, so that it does not reach the level P. necessary to actuate the pneumatic cell 5;.the signalling devices then remain inoperative.
  • the visual indiator 8 is thus extinguished and the whistle 7 does not sound.
  • the container 12 fills via the constriction 11, and the pressure in the lower chamber 55 of the pneumatic cell 5 increases, but it does not exceed the value P which is reached after a time t,, which is not sufficient to actuate this cell.
  • the maximum respiratory pressure P corresponding to each breathing cycle will open the manometric capsule 3, because the pressure reaching this cell from the outlet S acts on the diaphragm 32, in opposition to the spring 35. This diaphragm raises the thrust member 40, of which the rod 42 opens the clack valve 38.
  • the container 12 then empties via the conduit 21. A correct cycle takes place and the alarm is not given. lf'the signal coming from the respiratory circuit disappears or after a time t which is insufficient to actuate the manometric capsule 3, the timing system commences to function. The pressure in the container 12 increases, as it can no longer empty through the conduits 21 and 22.
  • the device according to the present invention may be applied to the signalling of a pressure drop in any circuit involving fluid under pressure, whether operating by the pulsating system or not.
  • the application of the alarm device to a fault in an installation with an artificial breathing apparatus has merely been described by way of an example, without any limitativc effect, and the apparatus could be constructed in numerous ways having no effect on the principle on which it is based, within the scope of the appended claims.
  • a pressure drop alarm device particularly but not exclusively for use with automatic respiration apparatus, and associated with and between a feed or supply conduit for fluid under pressure and a source of pressure fluid, the device indicating that, after a certain preselected period, the pressure in the feed conduit has failed to reach a predetermined maximum P, wherein the device functions pneumatically and wherein the source of pressure fluid is connected to a timing device having an outlet connected to the feed conduit via a manometric capsule which is normally closed and which opens when the pressure in the said feed conduit reaches the maximum pressure P in order to evacuate pressure fluid from the timing device, the said outlet of the timing device also being connected to a pneumatic cell with a logical function YES normally closed to prevent the feed of fluid from the said source to at least one alarm, and opened to actuate the or each alarm if the pressure in the timing device exceeds a certain preselected threshold P caused by manometric capsule remaining closed due to the pressure in the feed conduit failing to reach the said maximum pressure P.
  • timing device includes a restriction and a container connected in series with the source of pressure fluid, the said timing device also comprising an inlet upstream of the said restriction connected to the source of pressure fluid, the outlet being downstream of the said container.
  • alarms comprise at least one whistle and/or at least one pneumatic visual indicator.
  • a device wherein the supply of pressure fluid from the source of pressure fluid is controlled by a distribution tap or cock of the ON and OFF type.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
US406469A 1972-10-16 1973-10-15 Pressure drop alarm device Expired - Lifetime US3870012A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7236582A FR2202677B1 (ja) 1972-10-16 1972-10-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3870012A true US3870012A (en) 1975-03-11

Family

ID=9105700

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US406469A Expired - Lifetime US3870012A (en) 1972-10-16 1973-10-15 Pressure drop alarm device

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3870012A (ja)
JP (1) JPS4994190A (ja)
BR (1) BR7308078D0 (ja)
DE (1) DE2351627A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2202677B1 (ja)
IT (1) IT995889B (ja)
NL (1) NL7313998A (ja)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3952740A (en) * 1975-05-12 1976-04-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The National Institute Of Health Gas flow monitor for anesthetic machines
US4011828A (en) * 1974-10-01 1977-03-15 The Medishield Corporation Limited Respiratory signalling device
US4134940A (en) * 1977-10-25 1979-01-16 Aerwey Laboratories, Inc. Humidifier adapter with audio relief valve
US4155357A (en) * 1976-12-10 1979-05-22 Sandoz, Inc. Patient ventilator disconnect alarm
US4249473A (en) * 1978-06-19 1981-02-10 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Warning signal producing device for protective breathing apparatus
US4302640A (en) * 1979-11-07 1981-11-24 Bourns Medical Systems, Inc. Flow detector
US4344320A (en) * 1979-04-27 1982-08-17 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Crack indicator for monitoring the insulation of liquefied gas tanks
US4414982A (en) * 1980-11-26 1983-11-15 Tritec Industries, Inc. Apneic event detector and method
US4487155A (en) * 1982-08-03 1984-12-11 Puritan-Bennett Corporation Pneumatically powered oxygen pressure loss alarm system
US5832916A (en) * 1996-02-20 1998-11-10 Interspiro Ab Method and system for checking the operability of electrical-based components in a breathing equipment
US5860418A (en) * 1994-07-28 1999-01-19 Comasec International S.A. Method and an arrangement for checking the operation of breathing equipment
US20150231350A1 (en) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-20 Breathe Technologies, Inc. Detection of Patient Interface Disconnect for Controlling Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2831313A1 (de) * 1978-07-17 1980-02-07 Draegerwerk Ag Geraet zur unterstuetzung der atmung und/oder kuenstlichen beatmung
FR2597202A1 (fr) * 1986-04-15 1987-10-16 Mms Sa Procede et dispositif de signalisation d'incidents dans le fonctionnement d'un respirateur
DE19643749C2 (de) * 1996-10-23 1999-10-21 Draegerwerk Ag Pneumatische Steueranordnung für ein Beatmungsgerät

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2905135A (en) * 1955-09-23 1959-09-22 Gulf Research Development Co Warning device for oil wells
US3318328A (en) * 1965-05-26 1967-05-09 Combustion Eng Alarm system
US3795240A (en) * 1972-03-29 1974-03-05 Hoffmann La Roche Respiratory distress stimulator system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2905135A (en) * 1955-09-23 1959-09-22 Gulf Research Development Co Warning device for oil wells
US3318328A (en) * 1965-05-26 1967-05-09 Combustion Eng Alarm system
US3795240A (en) * 1972-03-29 1974-03-05 Hoffmann La Roche Respiratory distress stimulator system

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4011828A (en) * 1974-10-01 1977-03-15 The Medishield Corporation Limited Respiratory signalling device
US3952740A (en) * 1975-05-12 1976-04-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The National Institute Of Health Gas flow monitor for anesthetic machines
US4155357A (en) * 1976-12-10 1979-05-22 Sandoz, Inc. Patient ventilator disconnect alarm
US4134940A (en) * 1977-10-25 1979-01-16 Aerwey Laboratories, Inc. Humidifier adapter with audio relief valve
US4249473A (en) * 1978-06-19 1981-02-10 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Warning signal producing device for protective breathing apparatus
US4344320A (en) * 1979-04-27 1982-08-17 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Crack indicator for monitoring the insulation of liquefied gas tanks
US4302640A (en) * 1979-11-07 1981-11-24 Bourns Medical Systems, Inc. Flow detector
US4414982A (en) * 1980-11-26 1983-11-15 Tritec Industries, Inc. Apneic event detector and method
US4487155A (en) * 1982-08-03 1984-12-11 Puritan-Bennett Corporation Pneumatically powered oxygen pressure loss alarm system
US5860418A (en) * 1994-07-28 1999-01-19 Comasec International S.A. Method and an arrangement for checking the operation of breathing equipment
US6655383B1 (en) * 1994-07-28 2003-12-02 Interspiro Europe Ab Method and an arrangement for checking the operation of breathing equipment
US5832916A (en) * 1996-02-20 1998-11-10 Interspiro Ab Method and system for checking the operability of electrical-based components in a breathing equipment
US20150231350A1 (en) * 2014-02-14 2015-08-20 Breathe Technologies, Inc. Detection of Patient Interface Disconnect for Controlling Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy
US9757532B2 (en) * 2014-02-14 2017-09-12 Breathe Technologies, Inc. Detection of patient interface disconnect for controlling continuous positive airway pressure therapy
EP3104920A4 (en) * 2014-02-14 2017-09-13 Breathe Technologies, Inc. Detection of patient interface disconnect for controlling continuous positive airway pressure therapy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR7308078D0 (pt) 1974-06-27
FR2202677B1 (ja) 1976-05-21
IT995889B (it) 1975-11-20
DE2351627A1 (de) 1974-04-25
JPS4994190A (ja) 1974-09-06
FR2202677A1 (ja) 1974-05-10
NL7313998A (ja) 1974-04-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3870012A (en) Pressure drop alarm device
US3867934A (en) Pressure monitor for a lung ventilator
US4207887A (en) Gas insufflation apparatus
US3910222A (en) Safety and alarm device for monitoring gas
US4100537A (en) Monitor for gas piping system
US3333584A (en) Pressure breathing monitor
US3785333A (en) Alarm for sensing a reduction of gas supply pressure for respirators
US4176617A (en) Low pressure alarm
US3958643A (en) Sprinkler system and method of operating the same
SK129699A3 (en) Pressure regulating system
US3616860A (en) Quick opening device for dry-pipe valves of automatic sprinkler systems
US3888314A (en) Sprinkler system
US3611981A (en) Gas pressure operated alarm device
US4474175A (en) Safety means for administration of anesthetic gas
EP0074267B1 (en) Gas flow responsive signal output means
US4302640A (en) Flow detector
US3204653A (en) Gas proportioner system
US4237813A (en) Warning and protective device
US4487155A (en) Pneumatically powered oxygen pressure loss alarm system
US4197844A (en) Monitor device for a ventilation unit
US2698000A (en) Signal for pressure reducing regulators
JPH0596748U (ja) ガス供給設備の漏洩監視装置
US2855923A (en) Breathable gas regulating apparatus
US1364340A (en) Sprinkler system
US2594951A (en) Gas alarm device