US3866086A - Flyback transformer apparatus - Google Patents

Flyback transformer apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3866086A
US3866086A US369001A US36900173A US3866086A US 3866086 A US3866086 A US 3866086A US 369001 A US369001 A US 369001A US 36900173 A US36900173 A US 36900173A US 3866086 A US3866086 A US 3866086A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
secondary winding
flyback transformer
winding
voltage
rectifier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US369001A
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English (en)
Inventor
Keisuke Miyoshi
Naoki Shibano
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP7689172U external-priority patent/JPS5242340Y2/ja
Priority claimed from JP7689272U external-priority patent/JPS4934625U/ja
Priority claimed from JP6526472A external-priority patent/JPS4924539A/ja
Priority claimed from JP7689372U external-priority patent/JPS5242341Y2/ja
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3866086A publication Critical patent/US3866086A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/42—Flyback transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/10—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical
    • H04N3/16—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by deflecting electron beam in cathode-ray tube, e.g. scanning corrections
    • H04N3/18—Generation of supply voltages, in combination with electron beam deflecting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/10—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical
    • H04N3/16—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical by deflecting electron beam in cathode-ray tube, e.g. scanning corrections
    • H04N3/18—Generation of supply voltages, in combination with electron beam deflecting
    • H04N3/19—Arrangements or assemblies in supply circuits for the purpose of withstanding high voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
    • H01F2027/408—Association with diode or rectifier

Definitions

  • FLYBACK TRANSFORMER APPARATUS Inventors: Keisuke Miyoshi, Katano; Naoki Shibano, Sakai, both of Japan Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co.,
  • a flyback transformer apparatus in which a flyback transformer is provided with a first and second secondary winding with one end of the first secondary winding connected to at least one first rectifier and a second rectifier connected between one end of the second secondary winding and the other end of the first secondary winding, a capacitor is connected to the second secondary winding, and a primary winding of the flyback transformer is inductively coupled with the high-voltage side winding portion of the first secondary winding, whereby the output impedance is reduced and a focusing vo1tage which does not give rise to defocusing is provided.
  • the present invention relates to improvements in flyback transformer apparatus for television receivers.
  • FIG. I is a circuit diagram of a prior art flyback transformer apparatus for television receivers
  • FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit for the circuit of FIG. I transferred to the primary side
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing examples of the focusing voltage curves in connection with the high voltage load current versus high D.C. voltage characteristic accord ing to the circuit of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a flyback transformer apparatus useful-for explaining a flyback transformer apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit of the circuit shown in FIG. 4; 1
  • FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram useful for explaining the circuit of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the flyback transformer apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a front sectional view showing a specific construction of the flyback transformer apparatus shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are characteristic diagrams useful for explaining the flyback transformer apparatus according to the present invention.
  • Flyback transformer apparatus for television receivers are known in the art in which, as shown in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings, a primary winding 1 of a flyback transformer is disposed near the low-voltage side winding portion of a secondary winding 2 and a suitably selected higher harmonic tuning is effected. And rectifiers 3 are connected to the secondary winding 2 to produce the required high D.C. voltage.
  • the output impedance tends to become as high as 3.5 to 4.0 megohms so that the high D.C. voltage is changed with the high voltage load current and hence the amplitude of the picture on the cathode ray tube is changed.
  • a drawback of such apparatus is that in order to stabilize the high D.C. voltage and eliminate variations in the amplitude of the picture, a high voltage control reactor is' required in transistorized color television receivers, while a high voltage stabilizing tube is essential in vacuum-tube color television receivers.
  • a high resistance resistor 8 is provided as shown in FIG. 1 so that the high D.C. voltage is divided to provide the required moderately high D.C. voltage.
  • the use of the high resistance resistor 8 is disadvantageous, since a high power, highly voltage insulating, high resistance resistor must be used with resultant increase in the manufacturing cost and moreover the operation is not satisfactorily reliable.
  • the moderately high D.C. voltage obtained is limited to one which has a fixed ratio to the high D.C. voltage and moreover the high impedance of the focusing circuit tends to cause defocusing even with a small amount of leakage current.
  • FIG. 2 of the accompanying drawings is a simplified equivalent circuit of the circuit of FIG. I which has been transferred to the primary side.
  • numeral 4 designates the primary side inductance, 5 the primary side resonance capacitance, 6, 15 the leakage inductance transferred to the primary side, 7, 16 the secondary side resonance capacitances transferred to the primary side.
  • a flyback transformer apparatus comprising a flyback transformer having a primary winding and a first and second secondary winding, at least one first rectifier connected to one end of the first secondary winding, asecond rectifier connected between one end of the second secondary winding and the other end of the first secondary winding, and a capacitor connected to the second rectifier to store the voltage appearing thereacross, wherein the primary winding of the flyback transformer is inductively closely coupled with the high-tension side winding portion of the first secondary winding.
  • FIG. 4 For the sake of explanation, reference is made to a flyback transformer apparatus shown in FIG. 4, wherein a primary winding 17 of a flyback transformer is disposed near the high-tension side winding portion of a secondary winding 18 so as to be inductively closely coupled therewith and a suitable harmonic tuning is effected.
  • the line stray capacitance designated as 19 in FIG. due to the primary winding 17 and the high-tension side winding of the secondary winding 18 is increased and at the sametime it acts in parallel on an inductance 20 constituting a major portion of secondary side inductances 20 and 21 transferred to the primary side. Consequently, if the high voltage load is taken from a point A in FIG.
  • the inductance is decreased as compared with that in the conventional circuit with a resultant decrease in the high output impedance.
  • the increased line stray capacitance 19 results in an increased secondary side resonant energy so that the resonance in the primary which is practically determined by the primary inductance 22 and the primary resonance capacitance 23 is influenced by the resonance in the secondary. Consequently, a pulse voltage waveform as shown in FIG. 6a is produced in the primary winding 17 with a more pronounced valley than in the pulse voltage waveform of FIG. 6b produced in the primary winding 1 of FIG. 1 and at the same time the pulse width of the pulse voltage waveform produced in the primary winding 17 is increased due to the increased secondary resonance capacitance.
  • numeral 24 designates the secondary side resonance capacitance transferred to the primary side.
  • the flyback transformer is provided with two secondary windings 25 and 26, and first rectifiers 27 are connected to one end of the first secondary winding 25 and a second rectifier 28 is connected in the same sense as the first rectifiers 27 between the other end of the first secondary winding 25 and one end of the second secondary winding 26.
  • the other end of the secondary winding 26 is grounded.
  • a junction point B of the rectifier 28 and the secondary winding 25 is grounded by way of a capacitor 29.
  • the point B is also grounded through a series circuit of a resistor 30, variable resistor 31 and resistor 32.
  • the sliding terminal of the variable resistor 31 is provided with an input terminal for the focusing electrode of a cathode ray tube.
  • a primary winding 34 of the flyback transformer is inductively closely coupled with the high-tension side winding of the secon-v dary winding 25 rather than the low-tension side winding thereof.
  • the DC. voltage produced by the rectifier 28 is superimposed on the DC. voltage produced by the rectifiers 27, thereby providing the required high DC voltage for the cathode ray tube of a 20-inch color television receiver, for example.
  • This arrangement is advantageous over that of FIG. I in that the pulse voltage induced in the first secondary winding may be lower than the pulse voltage induced in the secondary winding of the circuit shown in FIG. 1 and thus this arrangement is superior from an insulation point of view and there is less tendency for the occurrence of corona.
  • the first secondary winding 25 is floated from the ground potential so that pulse voltages which are opposite in polarity to each other are generated at the ends of the first secondary winding 25. Consequently, a moderately high DC.
  • the capacitor 29 also has the effect of shifting the midpoint to the side of the point B.
  • the pulse voltage applied to the first secondary winding 25 is reduced with the result that the first secondary winding 25 is divided into two parts at the midpoint and thus the turn ratio between the primary and secondary windings is decreased, thereby reducing the distributed capacitance transferred to the primary side on the secondary side. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent an increase in the secondary side stray capacitance as in the arrangement of FIG. 4 and at the same time the circuit design for the third harmonic tuning or higher order harmonic tuning is simplified.
  • the immersion of the capacitor 29 in the insulating oil permits the use of lead wires having a lower line voltage proof as compared when the apparatus is used in the air and at the same time there is the effect of eliminating the mounting omission and erroneous use of different kind of wires during a repair work which may occur when the apparatus is mounted on the outside.
  • the capacitor 29 in the flyback transformer in a television receiver employing a unipotential cathode ray tube there is no need to use a terminal for moderately high voltage and hence the occurrence of a defect due to the breakdown of the terminal may be prevented.
  • the proximity of the primary winding 34 and the first secondary winding causes the application of a pulse voltage having a peakto-peak value of about kV. Therefore, if the apparatus is used in the air, an insulation gap of 20 to 30 mm is required thus making the flyback transformer bulky.
  • the primary winding 34 is disposed close to the high-tension side winding portion of the first secondary winding 25 to reduce the high voltage output impedance and therefore the desired characteristics cannot be achieved if a gaseous insulation method is used with an insulation gap of 20 to 30 mm. Accordingly, this insulation problem can be solved by the use of a liquid insulation method.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the flyback transformer apparatus of the invention hermetically housed in a sealed metal case filled with an insulating oil.
  • numeral 35 designates a sealed case, 36 a core, 37 a coil bobbin case mounted on the core 36, 38 an insulating oil filled in the sealed case 35, 39 a high voltage terminal, 40 a moderately high voltage terminal, 41 low voltage terminals, 42 a bobbin on which the primary winding 34 is wound, 43 a bobbin having the first secondary winding 25 wound thereon, 44 a bobbin having the second secondary winding 26 wound thereon, 45 an insulating separator formed integral with the coil bobbin case 37 and disposed between the bobbins 42 and 43.
  • the insulating separator 45 is provided between the primary winding 34 and the first secondary winding 25 to provide a sufficiently high insulation. Further, since the insulating separator 45 is integrally molded with the coil bobbin case 37, there is no increase in the number of assembly steps.
  • the secondary resonance capacitance in the equivalent circuit can be varied and hence the resonance frequencies a and B and the magnitude of the resonance 0/? can be changed as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 where P is the magnitude of the resonance energy corresponding to the resonance frequency a and Q is the magnitude of the resonance energy corresponding to the resonance frequency B. Accordingly, the optimum harmonic tuning can be ensured for the flyback transformer depending on the capacitance of the capacitor 29 and it is thus possible to easily design a flyback transformer which operates efficiently. Further, by changing the capacitance of the capacitor 29 after the assembly of the flyback transformer, the higher harmonic resonance of the transformer can be adjusted and this is a very great advantage from the manufacturing point of view.
  • the second secondary winding 26 may be wound on the leg of the core 36 which is different from that for the first secondary winding 25 as shown in FIG. 8, whereby the position of the second secondary winding 26 may be changed to change the higher harmonic tuning of the primary winding 34 and the second secondary winding 26.
  • the slope of the focusing voltage for the high voltage load current and therefore the moderately high D.C. voltage can be made to correspond to the ideal focusing voltage value curve 10 shown in FIG. 3.
  • a flyback transformer can be produced which can provide the optimum focusing for both bright and weak pictures.
  • the load current versus high D.C. voltage characteristic of-the cathode ray tube is such that a steep curve is produced when the load current is very small or zero. With the flyback pulse, this means that a narrow pulse is superposed on the top portion thereof. With such a pulse, the high voltage drops abruptly upon the flow of a small load current. In this case, if resistors 30, 31 and 32 are connected as a dummy load, current flows in the dummy load even under no load condition. Consequently, the high voltage is prevented from changing abruptly as mentioned earlier.
  • a flyback transformer apparatus comprising: a flyback transformer having a primary winding, a first secondary winding and a second secondary winding; at least one first rectifier connected to one end of said first secondary winding; a second rectifier connected between one end of said second secondary winding and the other end of said first secondary winding; and a capacitor connected to said second rectifier in such a manner that said capacitor is charged up by a voltage produced across said second rectifier, wherein the entire primary winding of said flyback transformer is inductively closely coupled with the high-tension side winding portion of said first secondary winding.
  • a flyback transformer apparatus wherein said first rectifier is provided with a terminal from which a high D.C. voltage is taken, and said second rectifier is provided with a terminal from which a moderately high D.C. voltage is taken.
  • a flyback transformer apparatus wherein said primary winding and said first secondary winding are wound on. one of two legs of a core, and said second secondary winding is wound on the other leg of said core.
  • flyback transformer apparatus having said primary winding and said two secondary windings, said first and second rectifiers, and. said capacitor are primary winding wound on said first bobbin, said first secondary winding wound on said second bobbin, and said primary winding wound only on that portion of said first bobbin facing the high-tension winding portion of said first secondary winding.
  • a flyback transformer apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a dummy load is connected between the junction point of said second rectifier and said first secondary winding and the ground.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
US369001A 1972-06-28 1973-06-11 Flyback transformer apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3866086A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7689172U JPS5242340Y2 (de) 1972-06-28 1972-06-28
JP7689272U JPS4934625U (de) 1972-06-28 1972-06-28
JP6526472A JPS4924539A (de) 1972-06-28 1972-06-28
JP7689372U JPS5242341Y2 (de) 1972-06-28 1972-06-28

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US3866086A true US3866086A (en) 1975-02-11

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US369001A Expired - Lifetime US3866086A (en) 1972-06-28 1973-06-11 Flyback transformer apparatus

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US (1) US3866086A (de)
AU (1) AU464613B2 (de)
CA (1) CA998169A (de)
DE (1) DE2332711C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2191377B1 (de)
NL (1) NL7308944A (de)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4144480A (en) * 1976-01-09 1979-03-13 Hitachi, Ltd. High voltage generating apparatus
FR2404358A1 (fr) * 1977-09-26 1979-04-20 Murata Manufacturing Co Transformateur de retour de balayage de cathoscope
US4246636A (en) * 1977-09-27 1981-01-20 Denki Onkyo Co., Ltd. Flyback transformer having terminal pins for connection to printed circuit boards
US4638220A (en) * 1985-03-04 1987-01-20 General Electric Company High voltage transformer
US4825129A (en) * 1985-05-03 1989-04-25 Rca Licensing Corporation CRT focus tracking arrangement
US5392020A (en) * 1992-12-14 1995-02-21 Chang; Kern K. N. Flexible transformer apparatus particularly adapted for high voltage operation
US5587893A (en) * 1995-06-16 1996-12-24 Chung-Chin Chen Video display high voltage generator
US6501364B1 (en) 2001-06-15 2002-12-31 City University Of Hong Kong Planar printed-circuit-board transformers with effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding
US20030095027A1 (en) * 2001-06-15 2003-05-22 City University Of Hong Kong Planar printed circuit-board transformers with effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding
US20050156699A1 (en) * 1998-02-05 2005-07-21 City University Of Hong Kong Coreless printed-circuit-board (PCB) transformers and operating techniques therefor
US20160286636A1 (en) * 2013-11-26 2016-09-29 Hitachi, Ltd. High-voltage generator and x-ray scanning apparatus therewith
US9700643B2 (en) 2014-05-16 2017-07-11 Michael E. Robert Sanitizer with an ion generator
US9808547B2 (en) 2013-04-18 2017-11-07 Dm Tec, Llc Sanitizer
US9950086B2 (en) 2014-03-12 2018-04-24 Dm Tec, Llc Fixture sanitizer
US10124083B2 (en) 2015-06-18 2018-11-13 Dm Tec, Llc Sanitizer with an ion generator and ion electrode assembly
US10700551B2 (en) 2018-05-21 2020-06-30 Raytheon Company Inductive wireless power transfer device with improved coupling factor and high voltage isolation
US11088535B2 (en) 2019-04-12 2021-08-10 Raytheon Company Fast ground fault circuit protection
US11404910B2 (en) 2018-03-23 2022-08-02 Raytheon Company Multi-cell inductive wireless power transfer system

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5938027Y2 (ja) * 1979-05-02 1984-10-22 株式会社日立製作所 フライバツクトランス
JPS63501610A (ja) * 1985-10-31 1988-06-16 ザ・サウス・イ−スト・クイ−ンズランド・エレクトリシティ・ボ−ド 中間引き外し装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3519741A (en) * 1967-06-12 1970-07-07 Rca Corp Regulated high voltage power supply
US3735236A (en) * 1971-01-16 1973-05-22 Loewe Opta Gmbh Tv horizontal oscillator having a stabilized auxiliary dc output
US3766505A (en) * 1970-08-27 1973-10-16 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Flyback transformer device
US3775719A (en) * 1972-04-14 1973-11-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Solid insulation for electrical apparatus

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1555819A (de) * 1967-12-14 1969-01-31

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3519741A (en) * 1967-06-12 1970-07-07 Rca Corp Regulated high voltage power supply
US3766505A (en) * 1970-08-27 1973-10-16 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Flyback transformer device
US3735236A (en) * 1971-01-16 1973-05-22 Loewe Opta Gmbh Tv horizontal oscillator having a stabilized auxiliary dc output
US3775719A (en) * 1972-04-14 1973-11-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Solid insulation for electrical apparatus

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4144480A (en) * 1976-01-09 1979-03-13 Hitachi, Ltd. High voltage generating apparatus
FR2404358A1 (fr) * 1977-09-26 1979-04-20 Murata Manufacturing Co Transformateur de retour de balayage de cathoscope
US4229786A (en) * 1977-09-26 1980-10-21 Murata Manufacturing Co., Inc. Fly-back transformer with a low ringing ratio
USRE31119E (en) * 1977-09-26 1983-01-04 Murata Mfg., Co. Ltd. Fly-back transformer with a low ringing ratio
US4246636A (en) * 1977-09-27 1981-01-20 Denki Onkyo Co., Ltd. Flyback transformer having terminal pins for connection to printed circuit boards
US4638220A (en) * 1985-03-04 1987-01-20 General Electric Company High voltage transformer
US4825129A (en) * 1985-05-03 1989-04-25 Rca Licensing Corporation CRT focus tracking arrangement
US5392020A (en) * 1992-12-14 1995-02-21 Chang; Kern K. N. Flexible transformer apparatus particularly adapted for high voltage operation
US5587893A (en) * 1995-06-16 1996-12-24 Chung-Chin Chen Video display high voltage generator
US20050156699A1 (en) * 1998-02-05 2005-07-21 City University Of Hong Kong Coreless printed-circuit-board (PCB) transformers and operating techniques therefor
US7768371B2 (en) 1998-02-05 2010-08-03 City University Of Hong Kong Coreless printed-circuit-board (PCB) transformers and operating techniques therefor
US20110050292A1 (en) * 1998-02-05 2011-03-03 City University Of Hong Kong Coreless printed-circuit-board (pcb) transformers and operating techniques therefor
US8102235B2 (en) 1998-02-05 2012-01-24 City University Of Hong Kong Coreless printed-circuit-board (PCB) transformers and operating techniques therefor
US6888438B2 (en) * 2001-06-15 2005-05-03 City University Of Hong Kong Planar printed circuit-board transformers with effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding
US6501364B1 (en) 2001-06-15 2002-12-31 City University Of Hong Kong Planar printed-circuit-board transformers with effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding
US20030095027A1 (en) * 2001-06-15 2003-05-22 City University Of Hong Kong Planar printed circuit-board transformers with effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding
US9808547B2 (en) 2013-04-18 2017-11-07 Dm Tec, Llc Sanitizer
US20160286636A1 (en) * 2013-11-26 2016-09-29 Hitachi, Ltd. High-voltage generator and x-ray scanning apparatus therewith
US9950086B2 (en) 2014-03-12 2018-04-24 Dm Tec, Llc Fixture sanitizer
US9700643B2 (en) 2014-05-16 2017-07-11 Michael E. Robert Sanitizer with an ion generator
US10124083B2 (en) 2015-06-18 2018-11-13 Dm Tec, Llc Sanitizer with an ion generator and ion electrode assembly
US11404910B2 (en) 2018-03-23 2022-08-02 Raytheon Company Multi-cell inductive wireless power transfer system
US11951850B2 (en) 2018-03-23 2024-04-09 Raytheon Company Multi-cell inductive wireless power transfer system
US10700551B2 (en) 2018-05-21 2020-06-30 Raytheon Company Inductive wireless power transfer device with improved coupling factor and high voltage isolation
US11088535B2 (en) 2019-04-12 2021-08-10 Raytheon Company Fast ground fault circuit protection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA998169A (en) 1976-10-05
DE2332711A1 (de) 1974-01-17
AU464613B2 (en) 1975-09-04
AU5691173A (en) 1974-12-19
FR2191377A1 (de) 1974-02-01
DE2332711C3 (de) 1980-01-03
DE2332711B2 (de) 1974-08-22
FR2191377B1 (de) 1977-10-14
NL7308944A (de) 1974-01-02

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