US3866017A - Box furnace - Google Patents

Box furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US3866017A
US3866017A US449092A US44909274A US3866017A US 3866017 A US3866017 A US 3866017A US 449092 A US449092 A US 449092A US 44909274 A US44909274 A US 44909274A US 3866017 A US3866017 A US 3866017A
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Prior art keywords
heating unit
band
furnace
mounting
industrial furnace
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US449092A
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William M Keren
Peter J Loniello
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SPX Corp
Sola Basic Industries Inc
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Sola Basic Industries Inc
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Assigned to GENERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION reassignment GENERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SOLA BASIC INDUSTRIES, INC.,
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an industrial furnace of the type having a ceramic heating unit mounted therein and, more particularly, to such a furnace wherein the ceramic heating unit has heating elements and mounting bands vacuum-molded in situ therein and to the method of assembling such a furnace.
  • a furnace of the type generally used in industrial or laboratory work essentially comprises a ceramic heating unit in the general form of a box or other enclosure supported within an outer shell.
  • the heating unit is generally made of a ceramic insulating material and may be molded.
  • the source of energy for such furnaces is generally electricity, and accordingly, electrical heating elements have been molded in situ in the walls of the heating unit.
  • the assembly or mounting of the ceramic heating unit within the shell has given rise to problems since the ceramic structure of the heating unit severely limits the type of fastener elements which can be used. While some form of a supporting frame is generally provided within the shell of the furnace. there is still the problem of securely and precisely mounting the heating unit upon the frame.
  • Another of the objects is to provide an improved structure for mounting a ceramic heating unit within the outer shell of a furnace.
  • Another of the objects is to provide a simplified and effective process for the assembly of a furnace consisting of a ceramic heating unit supported within an outer shell.
  • such a furnace may comprise an outer shell with a heating unit supporting frame being located within the shell.
  • a heating unit of ceramic insulating material has heating elements and mounting bands molded in situ within the walls of the heating unit so as to be embedded therein.
  • the heating unit is mounted upon the frame and secured in position by portions of the mounting bands which protrude from the outer surface of the heating unit.
  • a heating unit is molded from a ceramic insulating material with heating elements and mounting bands molded in situ in the unit such that portions of the bands protrude from the wall of the heating unit.
  • the unit is then secured upon a frame within an outer shell by attaching the protruding portions of the mounting band to the supporting frame.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a furnace incorporating the present invention with portions of the front wall cut away to illustrate the mounting of the heating unit within the outer shell;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an overall perspective view of the mounting band assembly molded in situ within the wall of the heating unit;
  • FIG. 4 is an overall perspective view of the heating unit supporting frame located within the outer shell
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a mold assembly illustrating the molding of the heating unit according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line 6--6 of HG. 5.
  • a furnace according to the present invention is indicated generally at 10 in FIGS. I and 2 and comprises an outer shell ll within which is mounted a heating unit supporting frame 12 which is illustrated in greater detail in FIG. 4.
  • the outer shell ll has a front wall 13 in which is pivotally mounted a door 14 for the heating unit and on the lower portion of which is provided with a temperature indicator l5 and a control and temperature regulating switch 16.
  • the supporting frame [2 as seen in FIG. 4 comprises a pair of parallel rods 17 and 18 having downturned portions 19 at the ends thereof which are inserted into brackets 20 attached to the inner faces of side walls 21 of the outer shell.
  • the frame 12 also functions as a door cradle when the door is in the open position, and the cradle structure comprises a steel rod 22 of substantially U-shape welded to the undersides of the cross members 17 and 18 and having its closed or forward end curved upwardly such as at 23.
  • a heating unit 24 which essentially comprises a box-like enclosure having an open face 25 which is the door or access to the heating unit.
  • the unit is molded of a suitable ceramic which may have fiber embedded therein for strength.
  • Embedded in the top and side walls of the heating unit are electrical heating elements which are connected to a terminal box generally located on the rear wall 26 of the heating unit but not shown in the drawmgs.
  • a mounting band assembly indicated generally at 30 in FIG. 3 and comprising a transverse band 31 of expanded metal which encircles the top, side, and bottom walls of the heating unit. This band is embedded at a depth of about one-half inch from the surfaces of these heating unit walls. Attached to the sides of the band 31 are mounting bands 32, each of which is provided with a hook portion 33 which extends below the bottom of the heating unit as may be seen in FIG. I. The hook portions 33 are shaped to be secured around the bar 22 between the cross members 17 and 18.
  • a top band 34 is attached to the transverse band 3t and has a rear portion 35 which is embedded in the rear wall of the heating unit but at the surface thereof as seen in FIG. 2.
  • a bottom plate of sheet metal 36 is also secured to the bottom of the band 31 and has an upwardly extending rear portion 37 which is secured to the rear portion 35 of top band 34.
  • the bottom band 36, 37 is also embedded in the corresponding walls of the heating unit but is flush with the outer surfaces of these walls.
  • the forward end of band 36 is provided with an indentation 38 into which the lower end of a rod 40 enters when the door is open, the door being pivoted on portion 23 of the supporting frame.
  • the rod 40 is suitably embedded in the door 41 of ceramic material which closes the heating unit and pivots downwardly in the direction of the arrow 42 to the opening position as indicated by the dash lines 43.
  • the lower end of rod 40 is engaged by clip 39.
  • the rear portion of the heating unit is supported by a rear support bracket 44 which has its lower end secured to the outer shell and its upper end bolted at 45 to the lower portion of rear bracket 37.
  • the molding of the heating unit 24 with the heating element 46 and the mounting band assembly 30 being molded in situ is shown in FIGS. and 6.
  • the heating unit is preferably molded by a vacuum molding process as known in the art, and a vacuum applied to the inner surface of the core to draw the slurry-containing fibers closely upon the floor to form the walls of the heating unit. Examples of such molding re seen in copending Application Ser. No. 371,752, filed June 20, 1973. This process is well known in the art and need not be described in further detail.
  • U.S. Pats. No. 3,500,444 and No. 3,500,464 show examples of one type of material which can be employed.
  • the assembly of the furnace is greatly facilitated since the heating unit and its mounting bands are formed as a single integral unit. It is only necessary to position the heating unit upon the supporting frame, attach the hook portions of the mounting bands to the supporting frame, and secure the rear supporting bracket. The heating unit is now precisely positioned within the outer shell of the furnace.
  • said mounting band means comprises a first band and circling said heating unit transversely, a pair of hook means attached to said first band with the hook portions thereof projecting below the bottom of the heating unit and connected to said supporting frame.
  • said supporting frame comprises a pair of parallel spaced rods, said hook portions connecting to said rods.
  • said first band comprises a strip of expanded metal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

A furnace comprising an outer shell in which is positioned a supporting frame and a heating unit molded of a ceramic insulating material having heating elements and mounting bands embedded therein is secured in position by the mounting bands upon the supporting frame.

Description

United States Patent 1 1111 3,866,017
Keren et al. Feb. 11, 1975 1 1 BOX FURNACE 2,309,295 10/1957 gier, Jr 13/22 x 1 Inventors William m w Mot-M10, ;?33:3.. 55/132; tiilfe'r'iiiii 111......111513/333 both of Watertown, Wis. 3,350,493 10/ 1967 Randall 219/407 X [73] Assignee: Sola Basic Industries, Inc., 3,500,444 3/1970 Hesse et a1 219/544 Milwaukee. Wis. M 7 Primary Examiner-volodymyr Mayewsky [21] A l N 449 09 2 Attorney, Agent, or FirmSmythe & Moore 52] us. Cl 219/390, 13/22, 219/407, [571 ABSTRACT 51 l Cl F27) A furnace comprising an outer shell in which is posi- "i 25. {19/390 407 tioned a supporting frame and a heating unit molded e o are 2l9/536 of a ceramic insulating material having heating elements and mounting bands embedded therein is secured in position by the mounting bands upon the sup- [56] References Cited (min frame UNITED STATES PATENTS p g 1.930336 10/1933 DAmico 219/390 5 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures I E i 42 4| 2 31 i 4 t l. l l i 5 H L- Q i ,l- 7%.
PATENTEDFEBI 1 I975 3.866.017
SHEET 30F 3 FIG.5
VACUUM BOX FURNACE The present invention relates to an industrial furnace of the type having a ceramic heating unit mounted therein and, more particularly, to such a furnace wherein the ceramic heating unit has heating elements and mounting bands vacuum-molded in situ therein and to the method of assembling such a furnace.
A furnace of the type generally used in industrial or laboratory work essentially comprises a ceramic heating unit in the general form of a box or other enclosure supported within an outer shell. The heating unit is generally made of a ceramic insulating material and may be molded. The source of energy for such furnaces is generally electricity, and accordingly, electrical heating elements have been molded in situ in the walls of the heating unit. The assembly or mounting of the ceramic heating unit within the shell has given rise to problems since the ceramic structure of the heating unit severely limits the type of fastener elements which can be used. While some form of a supporting frame is generally provided within the shell of the furnace. there is still the problem of securely and precisely mounting the heating unit upon the frame.
It is one of the objects of this invention to provide an improved furnace of the type comprising a ceramic heating unit supported within an outer shell.
Another of the objects is to provide an improved structure for mounting a ceramic heating unit within the outer shell of a furnace.
Another of the objects is to provide a simplified and effective process for the assembly of a furnace consisting of a ceramic heating unit supported within an outer shell.
According to one aspect of the present invention, such a furnace may comprise an outer shell with a heating unit supporting frame being located within the shell. A heating unit of ceramic insulating material has heating elements and mounting bands molded in situ within the walls of the heating unit so as to be embedded therein. The heating unit is mounted upon the frame and secured in position by portions of the mounting bands which protrude from the outer surface of the heating unit.
In a method of assembling such a furnace, a heating unit is molded from a ceramic insulating material with heating elements and mounting bands molded in situ in the unit such that portions of the bands protrude from the wall of the heating unit. The unit is then secured upon a frame within an outer shell by attaching the protruding portions of the mounting band to the supporting frame.
Other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the accompanying description and drawings which are merely exemplary.
ln the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a furnace incorporating the present invention with portions of the front wall cut away to illustrate the mounting of the heating unit within the outer shell;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an overall perspective view of the mounting band assembly molded in situ within the wall of the heating unit;
FIG. 4 is an overall perspective view of the heating unit supporting frame located within the outer shell;
FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a mold assembly illustrating the molding of the heating unit according to the present invention; and
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line 6--6 of HG. 5.
Proceeding next to the drawings wherein like refer ence symbols indicate the same parts throughout the various views, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
A furnace according to the present invention is indicated generally at 10 in FIGS. I and 2 and comprises an outer shell ll within which is mounted a heating unit supporting frame 12 which is illustrated in greater detail in FIG. 4. The outer shell ll has a front wall 13 in which is pivotally mounted a door 14 for the heating unit and on the lower portion of which is provided with a temperature indicator l5 and a control and temperature regulating switch 16.
The supporting frame [2 as seen in FIG. 4 comprises a pair of parallel rods 17 and 18 having downturned portions 19 at the ends thereof which are inserted into brackets 20 attached to the inner faces of side walls 21 of the outer shell. The frame 12 also functions as a door cradle when the door is in the open position, and the cradle structure comprises a steel rod 22 of substantially U-shape welded to the undersides of the cross members 17 and 18 and having its closed or forward end curved upwardly such as at 23.
Mounted within the outer shell 11 upon the supporting frame 12 is a heating unit 24 which essentially comprises a box-like enclosure having an open face 25 which is the door or access to the heating unit. The unit is molded of a suitable ceramic which may have fiber embedded therein for strength.
Embedded in the top and side walls of the heating unit are electrical heating elements which are connected to a terminal box generally located on the rear wall 26 of the heating unit but not shown in the drawmgs.
Embedded within the side, top, bottom, and rear walls of the heating unit and molded in situ therewith is a mounting band assembly indicated generally at 30 in FIG. 3 and comprising a transverse band 31 of expanded metal which encircles the top, side, and bottom walls of the heating unit. This band is embedded at a depth of about one-half inch from the surfaces of these heating unit walls. Attached to the sides of the band 31 are mounting bands 32, each of which is provided with a hook portion 33 which extends below the bottom of the heating unit as may be seen in FIG. I. The hook portions 33 are shaped to be secured around the bar 22 between the cross members 17 and 18.
A top band 34 is attached to the transverse band 3t and has a rear portion 35 which is embedded in the rear wall of the heating unit but at the surface thereof as seen in FIG. 2.
A bottom plate of sheet metal 36 is also secured to the bottom of the band 31 and has an upwardly extending rear portion 37 which is secured to the rear portion 35 of top band 34. As may also be seen in the drawings, and particularly in FIG. 2, the bottom band 36, 37 is also embedded in the corresponding walls of the heating unit but is flush with the outer surfaces of these walls.
The forward end of band 36 is provided with an indentation 38 into which the lower end of a rod 40 enters when the door is open, the door being pivoted on portion 23 of the supporting frame. The rod 40 is suitably embedded in the door 41 of ceramic material which closes the heating unit and pivots downwardly in the direction of the arrow 42 to the opening position as indicated by the dash lines 43. When the door is in closed position, the lower end of rod 40 is engaged by clip 39.
The rear portion of the heating unit is supported by a rear support bracket 44 which has its lower end secured to the outer shell and its upper end bolted at 45 to the lower portion of rear bracket 37.
The molding of the heating unit 24 with the heating element 46 and the mounting band assembly 30 being molded in situ is shown in FIGS. and 6. The heating unit is preferably molded by a vacuum molding process as known in the art, and a vacuum applied to the inner surface of the core to draw the slurry-containing fibers closely upon the floor to form the walls of the heating unit. Examples of such molding re seen in copending Application Ser. No. 371,752, filed June 20, 1973. This process is well known in the art and need not be described in further detail. U.S. Pats. No. 3,500,444 and No. 3,500,464 show examples of one type of material which can be employed.
As a result of this invention, the assembly of the furnace is greatly facilitated since the heating unit and its mounting bands are formed as a single integral unit. It is only necessary to position the heating unit upon the supporting frame, attach the hook portions of the mounting bands to the supporting frame, and secure the rear supporting bracket. The heating unit is now precisely positioned within the outer shell of the furnace.
It will be understood that changes in various details of construction and arrangement of parts may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention except as defined in the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. In an industrial furnace, the combination of an outer shell, a furnace heating unit supporting metal frame within said shell, and a heating unit of a ceramic insulating material having electrical heating elements and mounting metal band means molded in situ therewith and embedded therein, said heating unit being mounted upon said frame and secured in position by said mounting band means.
2. in an industrial furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein said mounting band means comprises a first band and circling said heating unit transversely, a pair of hook means attached to said first band with the hook portions thereof projecting below the bottom of the heating unit and connected to said supporting frame.
3. in an industrial furnace as claimed in claim 2 wherein said supporting frame comprises a pair of parallel spaced rods, said hook portions connecting to said rods.
4. in an industrial furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein said mounting band means are embedded within the wall of said heating unit about one-half inch below the outer surface thereof.
5. In an industrial furnace as claimed in claim 2 wherein said first band comprises a strip of expanded metal.
* i i 4 l

Claims (5)

1. In an industrial furnace, the combination of an outer shell, a furnace heating unit supporting metal frame within said shell, and a heating unit of a ceramic insulating material having electrical heating elements and mounting metal band means molded in situ therewith and embedded therein, said heating unit being mounted upon said frame and secured in position by said mounting band means.
2. In an industrial furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein said mounting band means comprises a first band and circling said heating unit transversely, a pair of hook means attached to said first band with the hook portions thereof projecting below the bottom of the heating unit and connected to said supporting frame.
3. In an industrial furnace as claimed in claim 2 wherein said supporting frame comprises a pair of parallel spaced rods, said hook portions connecting to said rods.
4. In an industrial furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein said mounting band means are embedded within the wall of said heating unit about one-half inch below the outer surface thereof.
5. In an industrial furnace as claimed in claim 2 wherein said first band comprises a strip of expanded metal.
US449092A 1974-03-07 1974-03-07 Box furnace Expired - Lifetime US3866017A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4139341A (en) * 1975-07-31 1979-02-13 Etablissement Dentaire Ivoclar Firing kiln, especially a vacuum firing kiln for dental ceramic purposes
US4159415A (en) * 1977-01-21 1979-06-26 Klein Tools, Inc. Electric slot furnace
US4299364A (en) * 1978-08-07 1981-11-10 General Signal Corporation Insulating module including a heater element support
US4321459A (en) * 1979-03-16 1982-03-23 Nichias Corporation Electrical heating molded-element comprising inorganic fibers
US4387871A (en) * 1978-08-07 1983-06-14 General Signal Corporation Insulating module including a heater element support
US4975563A (en) * 1986-06-20 1990-12-04 Kanthal Limited Heating devices

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1930836A (en) * 1931-06-13 1933-10-17 D Amico Angelo Electric oven
US2809822A (en) * 1953-05-08 1957-10-15 Jr John R Gier Heat treating muffle furnace
US2996594A (en) * 1956-05-18 1961-08-15 Tuttle Electric Products Inc Molded electric heater and method of making same
US3109911A (en) * 1960-02-17 1963-11-05 David Feinson Inc Vacuum furnace for dental laboratories
US3350493A (en) * 1966-09-12 1967-10-31 George B Randall Electric kiln
US3500444A (en) * 1968-01-16 1970-03-10 Johns Manville Electrical heating unit with an insulating refractory support

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1930836A (en) * 1931-06-13 1933-10-17 D Amico Angelo Electric oven
US2809822A (en) * 1953-05-08 1957-10-15 Jr John R Gier Heat treating muffle furnace
US2996594A (en) * 1956-05-18 1961-08-15 Tuttle Electric Products Inc Molded electric heater and method of making same
US3109911A (en) * 1960-02-17 1963-11-05 David Feinson Inc Vacuum furnace for dental laboratories
US3350493A (en) * 1966-09-12 1967-10-31 George B Randall Electric kiln
US3500444A (en) * 1968-01-16 1970-03-10 Johns Manville Electrical heating unit with an insulating refractory support

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4139341A (en) * 1975-07-31 1979-02-13 Etablissement Dentaire Ivoclar Firing kiln, especially a vacuum firing kiln for dental ceramic purposes
US4159415A (en) * 1977-01-21 1979-06-26 Klein Tools, Inc. Electric slot furnace
US4299364A (en) * 1978-08-07 1981-11-10 General Signal Corporation Insulating module including a heater element support
US4387871A (en) * 1978-08-07 1983-06-14 General Signal Corporation Insulating module including a heater element support
US4321459A (en) * 1979-03-16 1982-03-23 Nichias Corporation Electrical heating molded-element comprising inorganic fibers
US4975563A (en) * 1986-06-20 1990-12-04 Kanthal Limited Heating devices

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Owner name: GENERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION, CONNECTICUT

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:SOLA BASIC INDUSTRIES, INC.,;REEL/FRAME:005399/0347

Effective date: 19900731