US3865613A - Pressure-sensitive copying systems - Google Patents
Pressure-sensitive copying systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3865613A US3865613A US287714A US28771472A US3865613A US 3865613 A US3865613 A US 3865613A US 287714 A US287714 A US 287714A US 28771472 A US28771472 A US 28771472A US 3865613 A US3865613 A US 3865613A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- dibenzylbenzenes
- sheet
- mixture
- pressure
- sensitive copying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- JQCVPZXMGXKNOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibenzylbenzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=C(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 JQCVPZXMGXKNOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- LIZLYZVAYZQVPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F LIZLYZVAYZQVPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZKURGBYDCVNWKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-10-yl]-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C12=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C2SC2=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C2N1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZKURGBYDCVNWKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005506 phthalide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 7
- PKQYSCBUFZOAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibenzyl-3-methylbenzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1CC=1C(C)=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 PKQYSCBUFZOAPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- XSAOEHBGVOYFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibenzyl-3,4,5-trimethylbenzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1CC=1C(C)=C(C)C(C)=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 XSAOEHBGVOYFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSSNQXJVTQOUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibenzyl-3,4-dimethylbenzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=C(C)C(C)=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 WSSNQXJVTQOUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012505 colouration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- CGAHZAOWQMVGMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylanthracene Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2C=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CGAHZAOWQMVGMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010067482 No adverse event Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000636 lethal dose Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/124—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein using pressure to make a masked colour visible, e.g. to make a coloured support visible, to create an opaque or transparent pattern, or to form colour by uniting colour-forming components
- B41M5/165—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein using pressure to make a masked colour visible, e.g. to make a coloured support visible, to create an opaque or transparent pattern, or to form colour by uniting colour-forming components characterised by the use of microcapsules; Special solvents for incorporating the ingredients
- B41M5/1655—Solvents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/914—Transfer or decalcomania
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
- Y10T428/2984—Microcapsule with fluid core [includes liposome]
Definitions
- This invention relates to pressure-sensitive copying systems of the kind in which an initially colourless colour-former held in microcapsules is reacted, upon rupturing of the microcapsules by an applied pressure, with a co-reactant material to form distinctive coloured marks.
- Such systems will be referred to hereinafter as systems of the kind defined above.
- Such systems can be of the type in which the microcapsules are carried on one surface of a transfer sheet, referred to as a CB (coated back) sheet and the coreactant material is carried on one surface of a record sheet, referred to as a CF (coated front) sheet, or can be of the autogeneous type in which the microcapsules and the co-reactant material are carried on the same surface ofa single sheet.
- CB coated back
- CF coated front sheet
- CB sheets carry a coating of microcapsules, which may be separate or in capsular units, i.e., clusters of capsules, each microcapsule comprising a wall of hydrophilic colloid material such as gelatin, containing a colourless, chromogenic material (colour-former) of basic reactant chemical properties which in use contacts and is coloured by a co-reactant material, such as attapulgite clay, acid treated montmorillonite clay, or particles of an oil-soluble, acidic phenolic polymeric material (generally in combination with kaolin clay), carried by a CF sheet, to provide distinctive coloured marks on the CF sheet.
- a co-reactant material such as attapulgite clay, acid treated montmorillonite clay, or particles of an oil-soluble, acidic phenolic polymeric material (generally in combination with kaolin clay) carried by a CF sheet, to provide distinctive coloured marks on the CF sheet.
- Such contact and colouration can be caused by rupture of microcapsule
- microcapsules and capsular units are well known, as are various methods of coating microcapsules and capsular units on to a base sheet to provide a CB sheet and coating a coreactant material on to a base sheet to provide a CF sheet, and such methods will not therefore be described in detail herein.
- the internal phase of a microcapsule that is the material within the microcapsule wall, comprises one or more.
- colour-formers which are in the nature of dye substances, typically crystal violet lactone (CVL) and benzoyl leuco methylene blue (BLMB), or 3,3-bis (dialkyl indolyl) phthalides, or 3-dialkylamino- 6-alkyl- 7-alkylamino fluoranes, or 3dialkylamino-7- dialkylamino fluoranes.
- These colour-formers are dissolved in a solvent, typically hydrogenated terphenyl or mono isopropyl bi-phenyl, and diluted with, for example, kerosene.
- the dye substances CVL and BLMB are normally used together, since CVL is effective to provide a rapid colouration and BLMBis effective to provide a lasting colouration, on reaction with commonly used co-reactant materials such as those mentioned above.
- the two principal tests being the calendar intensity Cl test and the smudge test.
- Other tests which are used are windowfading, office-fading and ream decline tests. All of these tests are well-known and will not therefore be described in detail herein. It is sufficient to state that the CI test is a measure of print intensity, that is the distinctiveness of the mark produced, and the result is expressed as a percentage, the lower the percentage the better the print intensity, and that the smudge test is a measure of resistance of the CB sheet to accidental rupture of microcapsules, the result being expressed as a number less than 100, the higher the number the better the CB sheets resistance to accidental microcapsule rupture.
- the window-fading and office-fading tests measure the print intensity after exposure to sunlight and artificial light, respectively, for various periods of time, while the ream decline test measures the initial print intensity obtained with sheets which have been stored in the ream for various periods.
- the present invention is particularly concerned with the internal phase of the microcapsules used in pressure-sensitive copying systems of the kind defined above.
- a sheet for use in a pressure-sensitive copying system comprises a base sheet carrying a coating of the microcapsules, each microcapsule containing an organic, initially colourless,
- Dimethyldibenzylbenzenes approx. 35 to 40%
- Trimethyldibenzylbenzenes approx. 10% approx. 99%
- Lipinol T has a very low level of toxicity in various mammalian species, the lethal dose being in excess of 20 g/kg. Thus, Lipinol T presents no toxic hazard to man under normal conditions when used as the solvent in the internal phase of pressure-sensitive copying system microcapsules.
- the preferred dibenzylbenzenes mixture has the following advantages: cheapness, better initial print intensity (CI test) for a given CB sheet coating weight when used with a CF sheet having an oil-soluble acidic phenolic polymeric material/kaolin clay coating; high colour-former solubility, thus allowing high dilution; slower fade rate with the windowfading test; less smell both during manufacture and from the manufactured CB sheet. Further the preferred mixture has no adverse effects with regard to the officefading and ream decline tests.
- the preferred dibenzylbenzenes mixture has a viscosity between 35 and 45 c? at 20C; a density of 1.0 to 1.04 g/ml; a distillation range at 20 mm Hg of 240 to 260C and a flash point of about 180C.
- the preferred dibenzylbenzenes mixture is a suitable solvent for many other colour-formers which are used in pressure-sensitive copying systems, and specifically for:
- a control CB sheet was produced by coating microcapsules containing a standard internal phase comprising hydrogenated terphenyl as the solvent, kerosene as the diluent, and both CVL and BLMB as colourformers, on to a base sheet with a coating weight of approximately 65 g/m
- the ratio of solvent to diluent was 4:] w/w.
- composition of the Lipinol T is given by the suppliers, Huls (U.K.) Ltd as follows:
- a sheet for use in a pressure-sensitive copying system comprising a base sheet carrying a coating of the microcapsules, each microcapsule containing an organic, initially colourless, colour-former, dissolved in a solvent which includes a mixture of dibenzylbenzenes of the general formula where R to R are selected from the group comprising hydrogen, alkyl groups containing less than 5 carbon atoms or alkaryl groups containing 7 or 8 carbon atoms.
- Trimethyldibenzylbenzenes approx. 10% approx. 99%
- the balance consisting of impurities of higher molecular weight.
Abstract
A sheet for use in a pressure-sensitive copying system has a coating of microcapsules containing an organic, initially colourless, colour-former dissolved in a solvent which includes dibenzylbenzenes, specifically a mixture of unsubstituted dibenzylbenzenes with substituted dibenzylbenzenes containing up to three methyl groups.
Description
United States Patent 1 Ross et al.
[4 1 Feb. 11,1975
[ PRESSURE-SENSITIVE COPYING SYSTEMS [75] Inventors: John Edward Ross, Stoke Poges;
David James Marshall, Widmer End, High Wycombe; Brian Samuel Chapman, Prestwood, all of England [73] Assignee: Wiggins Teape Research &
Development Limited, London, England [22] Filed: Sept. 11, 1972 [211 Appl. No.: 287,714
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Sept. 23, 1971 Great Britain 44474/71 Jan. 20, 1972 Great Britain 2785/72 [52] U.S. Cl. 1l7/36.8, 252/316 [51] Int. Cl 841m 5/16 [58] Field of Search 117/362, 36.8; 252/316;
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3.0l6,308 l/l962 Macaulay l 17/36.! 3.627.581 l2/l97l Phillips 117/362 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLlCATlONS 9l5.342 l/l963 Great Britain 8/94 2,153,634 5/1972 Germany ll7/36.2
Primary ExaminerWilliam D. Martin Assistant Examiner-Bernard D. Pianalto Attorney, Agent, or FirmBurns, Doane, Swecker & Mathis BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to pressure-sensitive copying systems of the kind in which an initially colourless colour-former held in microcapsules is reacted, upon rupturing of the microcapsules by an applied pressure, with a co-reactant material to form distinctive coloured marks. Such systems will be referred to hereinafter as systems of the kind defined above.
Such systems can be of the type in which the microcapsules are carried on one surface of a transfer sheet, referred to as a CB (coated back) sheet and the coreactant material is carried on one surface of a record sheet, referred to as a CF (coated front) sheet, or can be of the autogeneous type in which the microcapsules and the co-reactant material are carried on the same surface ofa single sheet. In systems for providing a plurality of copies, intermediate CFB (coated front and back) sheets are provided.
2. Description of the Prior Art Known CB sheets carry a coating of microcapsules, which may be separate or in capsular units, i.e., clusters of capsules, each microcapsule comprising a wall of hydrophilic colloid material such as gelatin, containing a colourless, chromogenic material (colour-former) of basic reactant chemical properties which in use contacts and is coloured by a co-reactant material, such as attapulgite clay, acid treated montmorillonite clay, or particles of an oil-soluble, acidic phenolic polymeric material (generally in combination with kaolin clay), carried by a CF sheet, to provide distinctive coloured marks on the CF sheet. Such contact and colouration can be caused by rupture of microcapsules by localised pressure from writing, typing or printing on the non-coated front surface ofa CB sheet which is positioned with its coated back surface in contact with the coated front surface of a CF sheet.
Various methods of manufacturing microcapsules and capsular units are well known, as are various methods of coating microcapsules and capsular units on to a base sheet to provide a CB sheet and coating a coreactant material on to a base sheet to provide a CF sheet, and such methods will not therefore be described in detail herein.
Normally the internal phase of a microcapsule, that is the material within the microcapsule wall, comprises one or more. colour-formers which are in the nature of dye substances, typically crystal violet lactone (CVL) and benzoyl leuco methylene blue (BLMB), or 3,3-bis (dialkyl indolyl) phthalides, or 3-dialkylamino- 6-alkyl- 7-alkylamino fluoranes, or 3dialkylamino-7- dialkylamino fluoranes. These colour-formers are dissolved in a solvent, typically hydrogenated terphenyl or mono isopropyl bi-phenyl, and diluted with, for example, kerosene. The dye substances CVL and BLMB are normally used together, since CVL is effective to provide a rapid colouration and BLMBis effective to provide a lasting colouration, on reaction with commonly used co-reactant materials such as those mentioned above.
There are various tests which are used to compare pressure-sensitive copying systems, the two principal tests being the calendar intensity Cl test and the smudge test. Other tests which are used are windowfading, office-fading and ream decline tests. All of these tests are well-known and will not therefore be described in detail herein. It is sufficient to state that the CI test is a measure of print intensity, that is the distinctiveness of the mark produced, and the result is expressed as a percentage, the lower the percentage the better the print intensity, and that the smudge test is a measure of resistance of the CB sheet to accidental rupture of microcapsules, the result being expressed as a number less than 100, the higher the number the better the CB sheets resistance to accidental microcapsule rupture. The window-fading and office-fading tests measure the print intensity after exposure to sunlight and artificial light, respectively, for various periods of time, while the ream decline test measures the initial print intensity obtained with sheets which have been stored in the ream for various periods.
Three other important aspects which are considered when comparing pressure-sensitive copying systems are smell, both during and after manufacture, toxicity and cost.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is particularly concerned with the internal phase of the microcapsules used in pressure-sensitive copying systems of the kind defined above.
According to the present invention, a sheet for use in a pressure-sensitive copying system comprises a base sheet carrying a coating of the microcapsules, each microcapsule containing an organic, initially colourless,
colour-former dissolved in a solvent which includes dibenzylbenzenes of the general formula:
CH CH R Dibenzylbenzenes: approx. 10 to 15% Methyldibenzylbenzenes: approx. 40%
(including dibenzyltoluene) Dimethyldibenzylbenzenes: approx. 35 to 40% Trimethyldibenzylbenzenes: approx. 10% approx. 99%
the balance consisting ofimpurities of higher molecular weight. Such a mixture is sold in Great Britain under the trade name Lipinol T by Huls (U.K.) Ltd. Lipinol T has a very low level of toxicity in various mammalian species, the lethal dose being in excess of 20 g/kg. Thus, Lipinol T presents no toxic hazard to man under normal conditions when used as the solvent in the internal phase of pressure-sensitive copying system microcapsules.
In comparison with other solvents, the preferred dibenzylbenzenes mixture has the following advantages: cheapness, better initial print intensity (CI test) for a given CB sheet coating weight when used with a CF sheet having an oil-soluble acidic phenolic polymeric material/kaolin clay coating; high colour-former solubility, thus allowing high dilution; slower fade rate with the windowfading test; less smell both during manufacture and from the manufactured CB sheet. Further the preferred mixture has no adverse effects with regard to the officefading and ream decline tests.
The preferred dibenzylbenzenes mixture has a viscosity between 35 and 45 c? at 20C; a density of 1.0 to 1.04 g/ml; a distillation range at 20 mm Hg of 240 to 260C and a flash point of about 180C.
Tests have shown that the preferred dibenzylbenzenes mixtures will dissolve 8.5 w/v CVL and 5.8 w/v BLMB and that it is completely compatible with kerosene which is a standard and preferred diluent.
The preferred dibenzylbenzenes mixture is a suitable solvent for many other colour-formers which are used in pressure-sensitive copying systems, and specifically for:
3,3-bis (dialkyl indolyl) phthalides,
3-dialltylamino-6-alkyl-7-alkylamino fluoranes, and
3-dialkylamino-7-dialkylamino fluoranes.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Specific embodiments of the invention will now be described on the basis of comparisons between the results of tests on pilot plant produced CB sheets.
EXAMPLE 1 A control CB sheet was produced by coating microcapsules containing a standard internal phase comprising hydrogenated terphenyl as the solvent, kerosene as the diluent, and both CVL and BLMB as colourformers, on to a base sheet with a coating weight of approximately 65 g/m The ratio of solvent to diluent was 4:] w/w.
Similar microcapsules but containing the dibenzylbenzenes mixture sold as Lipinol T as the solvent, and with a solvent to diluent ratio 1:1 w/w, were similarly prepared and were coated on to a base sheet with a coating weight of approximately 6.5 g/m.
The composition of the Lipinol T is given by the suppliers, Huls (U.K.) Ltd as follows:
Compound Quantity (by weight) Dibenzylbenzenes approx. 10 15% Methyldibenzylbenzenes approx. 40% Dimethyldibenzylbenzenes approx. 35 40% Trimethyldibenzylbenzenes approx. l0% Benzyl anthracene and other approx. l%
high condensating materials ACTA CF S/K CF P/K CF Control CB CI 65 Cl 7l CI 75 Invention CB Cl 61 Cl 67 Cl 63 From these results it can be seen that the CB sheet according to the invention gave a better initial print intensity in each case and particularly with P/K CF.
EXAMPLE 2 Similar control and invention CB sheets were prepared but with a coating weight of 6 g/m, and these sheets subjected to window-fading, office-fading and ream decline tests. The results were as follows:
WINDOW-FADING TEST ACTA CF S/K CF P/K CF Control Invention Control Invention Control Invention CB CB CB CB CB CB Initial CI 65 6| 7] 67 75 63 2 days 79 75 71 68 86 83 5 days 84 84 75 75 9| 90 1 week 90 87 79 77 94 93 2 weeks 94 88 84 77 98 97 3 weeks 95 87 86 75 99 98 OFFICE-FADING TEST ACTA CF S/K CF P/K CF Control Invention Control Invention Control Invention CB CB CB CB CB CB Initial Cl 65 61 71 67 75 63 2 days 64 66 62 69 1 week 67 63 68 65 69 64 2 weeks 69 65 69 67 72 7l 3 weeks 66 7I 68 74 REAM DECLINE TEST ACTA CF S/K CF P/K CF Control Invention Control Invention Control lnvention CB CB CB B CB CB Initial Cl 65 6] 71 67 75 63 2 weeks 66 63 71 67 74 62 64 62 71 68 73 62 4 weeks While the specific embodiments of the invention described above all employ the mixture of dibenzylbenzenes sold as Lipinol T, in which the substituents R, to R in the general formula set out above represent hydrogen or up to three methyl groups, it is also possible to use mixtures of said dibenzylbenzenes in which R, to R represent hydrogen, alkyl groups containing less than 5 carbon atoms and alkaryl groups containing 7 or 8 carbon atoms. Preferably, however, R to R represent hydrogen and lower alkyl groups containing less than 3 carbon atoms.
What is claimed is:
l. A sheet for use in a pressure-sensitive copying system, comprising a base sheet carrying a coating of the microcapsules, each microcapsule containing an organic, initially colourless, colour-former, dissolved in a solvent which includes a mixture of dibenzylbenzenes of the general formula where R to R are selected from the group comprising hydrogen, alkyl groups containing less than 5 carbon atoms or alkaryl groups containing 7 or 8 carbon atoms.
2. A sheet according to claim 1 wherein the solvent includes a mixture of said dibenzylbenzenes in which R to R are selected from the group comprising hydrogen or lower alkyl groups containing less than 3 carbon atoms.
Dibenzylbenzenes: approx. 10 to l5% Methyldibenzylbenzenes: approx. 40%
(including dibenzyltoluene) Dimethyldibenzylbenzenes: approx. to
Trimethyldibenzylbenzenes: approx. 10% approx. 99%
the balance consisting of impurities of higher molecular weight.
5. A sheet according to claim 1, wherein the colourformer is selected from the group consisting of:
Crystal violet lactone,
Benzoyl leuco methylene blue,
3,3-bis (dialkyl indolyl) phthalides,
3-dialkylamino-6-alkyl-7-alkylamino fluoranes, and
3-dialkylamino-7-dialkylamino fluoranes.
Disclaimer 3,865,613.J0lm Edward Ross, Stoke Poges, David James MamhaZZ, Widmer End, High Wycombe, and Brian Samuel Chapman, Prestwood, England. PRESSURE-SENSITIVE COPYING SYSTEMS. Patent dated Feb. 11, 1975. Disclaimer filed Apr. 7, 1978, by the assignee, Wiggins Teape Research a Development Limited. Hereby enters this disclaimer to claims 1, 2 and. 5 of said patent.
[Oyfieial Gazette May 30, 1.978.]
Disclaimer 3,865,613.J0lm Edward Ross, Stoke Poges, David James MamhaZZ, Widmer End, High Wycombe, and Brian Samuel Chapman, Prestwood, England. PRESSURE-SENSITIVE COPYING SYSTEMS. Patent dated Feb. 11, 1975. Disclaimer filed Apr. 7, 1978, by the assignee, Wiggins Teape Research a Development Limited. Hereby enters this disclaimer to claims 1, 2 and. 5 of said patent.
[Oyfieial Gazette May 30, 1.978.]
Disclaimer 3,865,613.J0im Edward Ross, Stoke Poges, Dam'd James Marshall, Widmer End, High Wycombe, and Brian Samuel Ohapman, Prestwood, England. PRESSURE-SENSITIVE COPYING SYSTEMS. Patent dated Feb. 11, 1975. Disclaimer filed Apr. 7, 1978, by the assignee, 1 Wiggins Teape Resem'ch oc Development Limited. Hereby enters this disclaimer to claims 1, 2 and 5 of said patent.
[Ofiicz'al Gazette May 30, 1.978.]
Claims (5)
1. A SHEET FOR USE IN A PRESSURE-SENSITIVE COPYING SYSTEM, COMPRISING A BASE SHEET CARRYING A COATING OF THE MICROCAPSULES, EACH MICROCAPSULE CONTAINING AN ORGANIC, INITIALLY COLOURLESS, COLOUR-FORMER, DISSOLVED IN A SOLVENT WHICH INCLUDES A MIXTURE OF DIBENZYLBENZENES OF THE GENERAL FORMULA
2. A sheet according to claim 1 wherein the solvent includes a mixture of said dibenzylbenzenes in which R1 to R6 are selected from the group comprising hydrogen or lower alkyl groups containing less than 3 carbon atoms.
3. A sheet according to claim 2 wherein the solvent includes a mixture of said dibenzylbenzenes in which R1 to R6 represent hydrogen and up to three methyl groups.
4. A sheet according to claim 3 wherein the mixture of dibenzylbenzenes comprises in weight percentages:
5. A sheet according to claim 1, wherein the colour-former is selected from the group consisting of: Crystal violet lactone, Benzoyl leuco methylene blue, 3,3-bis (dialkyl indolyl) phthalides, 3-dialkylamino-6-alkyl-7-alkylamino fluoranes, and 3-dialkylamino-7-dialkylamino fluoranes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB4447471 | 1971-09-23 | ||
| GB278572*[A GB1361638A (en) | 1971-09-23 | 1972-01-20 | Pressure-sensitive copying systems |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3865613A true US3865613A (en) | 1975-02-11 |
Family
ID=26237725
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US287714A Expired - Lifetime US3865613A (en) | 1971-09-23 | 1972-09-11 | Pressure-sensitive copying systems |
Country Status (15)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3865613A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS4841816A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR194275A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT322577B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE789190A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7206566D0 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA966306A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH560110A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2245785A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK130340B (en) |
| FI (1) | FI57071C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2154207A5 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1361638A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT980999B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL167121C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4957815A (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1990-09-18 | Societe Atochem | Polyarylalkane oligomer compositions containing xylene units, process for their manufacture, and products containing the same |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5949132B2 (en) * | 1976-02-04 | 1984-11-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Electrolytic processing equipment |
| US4130299A (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1978-12-19 | Monsanto Company | Low-odor dye solvents for pressure-sensitive copying systems |
| JPS55169372U (en) * | 1979-05-23 | 1980-12-05 | ||
| JPS6141593A (en) * | 1984-08-06 | 1986-02-27 | Nippon Petrochem Co Ltd | Solvent for dye of pressure-sensitive paper |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3016308A (en) * | 1957-08-06 | 1962-01-09 | Moore Business Forms Inc | Recording paper coated with microscopic capsules of coloring material, capsules and method of making |
| US3627581A (en) * | 1970-10-19 | 1971-12-14 | Ncr Co | Pressure-sensitive record material |
-
1972
- 1972-01-20 GB GB278572*[A patent/GB1361638A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-09-11 US US287714A patent/US3865613A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-09-14 CA CA151,725A patent/CA966306A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-09-15 DE DE2245785A patent/DE2245785A1/en active Pending
- 1972-09-19 NL NL7212663.A patent/NL167121C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-09-19 FI FI2578/72A patent/FI57071C/en active
- 1972-09-21 DK DK466172AA patent/DK130340B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-09-21 BR BR6566/72A patent/BR7206566D0/en unknown
- 1972-09-21 AT AT809872A patent/AT322577B/en active
- 1972-09-22 BE BE789190A patent/BE789190A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-09-22 FR FR7233669A patent/FR2154207A5/en not_active Expired
- 1972-09-22 JP JP7294683A patent/JPS4841816A/ja active Pending
- 1972-09-22 CH CH1387972A patent/CH560110A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-09-22 AR AR244240A patent/AR194275A1/en active
- 1972-09-22 IT IT7270008A patent/IT980999B/en active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3016308A (en) * | 1957-08-06 | 1962-01-09 | Moore Business Forms Inc | Recording paper coated with microscopic capsules of coloring material, capsules and method of making |
| US3627581A (en) * | 1970-10-19 | 1971-12-14 | Ncr Co | Pressure-sensitive record material |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4957815A (en) * | 1987-07-16 | 1990-09-18 | Societe Atochem | Polyarylalkane oligomer compositions containing xylene units, process for their manufacture, and products containing the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1361638A (en) | 1974-07-30 |
| DK130340C (en) | 1975-07-07 |
| NL167121C (en) | 1981-11-16 |
| NL7212663A (en) | 1973-03-27 |
| DE2245785A1 (en) | 1973-03-29 |
| FR2154207A5 (en) | 1973-05-04 |
| AR194275A1 (en) | 1973-06-29 |
| CA966306A (en) | 1975-04-22 |
| FI57071C (en) | 1980-06-10 |
| BE789190A (en) | 1973-03-22 |
| JPS4841816A (en) | 1973-06-19 |
| DK130340B (en) | 1975-02-10 |
| AT322577B (en) | 1975-05-26 |
| NL167121B (en) | 1981-06-16 |
| BR7206566D0 (en) | 1973-09-27 |
| CH560110A5 (en) | 1975-03-27 |
| FI57071B (en) | 1980-02-29 |
| IT980999B (en) | 1974-10-10 |
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