US3865028A - Energy tester for testing blasting machines that detonate electro-explosive devices - Google Patents
Energy tester for testing blasting machines that detonate electro-explosive devices Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3865028A US3865028A US317911A US31791172A US3865028A US 3865028 A US3865028 A US 3865028A US 317911 A US317911 A US 317911A US 31791172 A US31791172 A US 31791172A US 3865028 A US3865028 A US 3865028A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- energy
- recited
- combination
- blasting machine
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- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
- G01R19/16585—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 for individual pulses, ripple or noise and other applications where timing or duration is of importance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
- F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/14—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring the force of explosions; for measuring the energy of projectiles
Definitions
- ABSTRACT An apparatus for testing the energy output of a blasting machine used for detonating electro-explosive devices to determine if the blasting machine will supply sufficient energy to detonate the electro-explosive devices.
- the tester is capable of determining within plus or minus one Joule the output of a 25 Joule blasting machine.
- the energy tester includes go and no-go indicator lights to inform the operator of the blasting machine whether or not he has sufficient energy.
- blasting devices for firing explosive devices include a source of power such as a battery, an oscillator, a transformer responsive to the oscillator for stepping up the pulses therefrom, a storage capacitor which is charged by the pulses from the transformer, and a trigger circuit which allows the energy stored in the capacitor to discharge and fire an explosive device.
- the energy stored in the capacitor is discharged through the explosive device by means of a triggering circuit which may be operated automatically or manually.
- a capacitor discharge type blasting machine of the aforementioned type, with which this invention may be used may be found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,704,393 entitled Capacitive Discharge Type Blasting Machine to F. J. Digney et al, issued Nov. 28, 1972.
- blasting machines In certain blasting operations such as those performed in tunnels and shaft mining, it is generally desirable to connect as many as 150 blasting caps together in a parallel circuit, principally because such a circuit permits rapid connection of the blasting caps with minimal possibility of error.
- the blasting machine To insure that all the blasting caps are fired, the blasting machine must always deliver a given minimum energy each time it is fired; otherwise, all of the blasting caps may notbe fired.
- blasting machines occasionally do not provide all the power they are supposed to, thereby failing to detonate all the blasting caps they are supposed to.
- This invention provides an apparatus for determining that the energy discharged from the output of a blasting machine is above a predetermined value and therefore the blaster discharges sufficient energy to detonate a predetermined number of electro-explosive devices.
- the invention is an apparatus for testing the rated energy of a blasting machine characterized by the fact that it is connectable to receive the output energy from a blasting machine (1) and transmit the energy to a translator (2) to provide a signal, which is related to a predetermined acceptable energy level.
- the comparator (6) then provides indication (7) as to whether or not the energy discharged from the blasting machine (1) into the tester is above a predetermined acceptable amount.
- the tester circuitry is further characterized by the fact that it is capable of simulating a load of series connected or parallel connected blasting caps and that the output of the reference signal generator (3) is a pulse (52) having a predetermined magnitude and duration, that is compared by the comparator (6) to the output of the signal generator (2), which is a non-pulse type signal, the magnitude of which varies with respect to time.
- the tester used in combination with a blasting machine (I) of the type that discharges energy stored in a capacitor to initiate at least one electro-explosive device, comprises: a first circuit (201214) for receiving the energy discharged from said blasting machine and producing a first signal (B), the magnitude of which varies with respect to time, and which is related to the amount of energy discharged by said blasting machine; a second circuit (401-413, 501-514) for generating a reference signal (A) which is related to a predetermined amount of energy, the circuit for generating a reference signal including a trigger circuit (401-413), responsive to the receipt of the energy received from the blasting machine (1), for generating a trigger pulse upon receipt of the blasting machine output energy, and a monostable multivibrator (501-514) for producing an output pulse signal (A) in response to the trigger circuit pulse; a third circuit (601-609) for comparing the reference signal (A) to said first signal (B) and generating a third signal
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system incorporating the principles of this invention for evaluating the operational capabilities of a blasting machine.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the circuitry for an energy tester that accomplishes the princples of this invention.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the relative magnitude and durations and shapes of the wave forms at various points within the monostable multivibrator illustrated in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the signals being supplied to the comparator.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a blasting machine (1) which is used in combination with the energy testing device embodying the principles of this invention.
- the energy testing device includes a reference signal generator (3) and a translator or signal generator (2) which supply signals to a comparator (6).
- the comparator (6) compares the received signals and provides an output signal that visually indicates GO or NO GO".
- the reference signal generator (3) which is related to an acceptable energy level, includes a trigger circuit (4), which is responsive to the discharge of energy from the blasting machine and which triggers a monostable multivibrator (5) that provides a pulse of fixed magnitude and duration that corresponds to a predetermined amount of energy.
- the output of the reference signal generator (3) is a pulse type signal, the magnitude of which is substantially constant with respect to time and is represented by the letter A.
- the signal generator (2) which is related to the amount of energy discharged from the blasting machine, is actuated simultaneously with the trigger cir cuit (4) upon the discharge of energy from the blasting machine (1).
- the output of the signal generator (2) is a signal that varies in magnitude with respect to time and is represented by the letter B.
- the comparator (6) receives signal (A) from the reference signal generator (3) and signal (B) from the signal generator (2) and compares them.
- the comparator (6) provides a signal (C) when the first signal (B) is equal to or exceeds the reference signal (A) at anytime during the presence of the reference signal (A).
- the comparator (6) also provides a second signal (D) when the reference signal (A) is greater than the first signal (B).
- Signal (C) actuates an indicating device (GO) that gives audio or visual indication that the blasting machine is putting out the amount of energy that it is supposed to.
- Signal (D) actuates an indicating device (NO-GO) that gives audio or visual indication that the blasting machine is not putting out sufficient energy.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram that illustrates a preferred embodiment of an apparatus that tests the amount of energy discharged from the output of a blasting machine. Portions of the schematic have been outlined with dotted lines which correspond to the functions illustrated in the block diagram shown in FIG. I.
- the blasting machine (1) is represented by a battery (100), a storage capacitor (101), which is triggered by a gaseous conductor (103), such as a spark gap discharge device, and a high impedance 5 resistor (102).
- a gaseous conductor such as a spark gap discharge device
- a high impedance 5 resistor 102
- the gaseous conductor (103) is triggered, the energy stored in capacitor (101) is discharged into the input terminals (8, 9) ofthe testing apparatus.
- the input terminals (8, 9) of the testing apparatus communicate with the reference signal generator (3) and the signal generator (2).
- the signal generator (2) which is outlined by a broken line (elements 201214), includes load resistors (201, 202 steering diode (203), current limiting resistors (205, 206), storage capacitors or energy level detecting capacitors (209, 210), and a resistor (207) to NULL the loading effects of leakage from the storage capacitors (209, 210).
- Zener diode (211) is used to protect a logic gate (601) which is the input of the comparator (6) from voltage transients.
- the two resistors (201, 202) are used to simulate different loads, i.e. blasting caps connected in series or in parallel.
- Switches (214, 204, 312 and 514) are two position switches.
- the testing apparatus tests a blasting machine for the application of energy to series connected blasting caps.
- the testing apparatus tests a blasting machine for the application of energy to parallel connected blasting caps or squibbs.
- the values of resistors (205, 206) and capacitors (209, 210), with their respective load resistors (201, 202) are chosen such that if the blasting machine capacitor (101) voltage and the trigger gap voltage (103) varies over normal tolerances for the same stored energy (e.g. 26 Joules), the voltage across capacitors (209) or (210) change less than 50 millivolts.
- the values of the resistors (201, 202, 205, 206) and capacitors (209, 210) of the signal generator having been chosen so that the voltage across capacitors (209) or (210) will attain the threshold level of the comparator gate (601) (8.0 volts) when 26 Joules of energy are discharged through the signal generator when the switches (214, 204, 212 and 514) are in position A or B.
- a change of 1 Joule or more in the energy discharged into the tester from the blasting machine will change the voltage generated across capacitor (209) or (210). It has been determined by design that for every one Joule change in energy discharged into the tester, the voltage change across capacitors (209) or (210) will change 100 millivolts.
- the input gate (601) of the comparator (6) is sensitive enough to detect changes of 100 millivolts.
- the reference signal generator (3) which is outlined by a broken line, comprises a trigger circuit (elements 401-413) and a monostable multivibrator (elements 501-511).
- the trigger circuit (4) like the reference signal generator (2), is directly connected to the input (8, 9) of the testing apparatus. It is the function of the trigger circuit (4) to provide a trigger spike to the monostable multivibrator (5).
- the trigger circuit (4) uses a Darlington-type amplifier (transistors 406, 407) for an input stage which, with resistors (401, 404), has a very high input impedance, so that the energy discharged from the blasting machine into the tester is dissipated mostly in the reference signal generator (2).
- the energy required to operate the trigger circuit (4) is negligible and substantially all the output energy of the blasting machine is directed to the reference signal generator (2).
- the output of the Darlington amplifier (transistors 406, 407) is differentiated by capacitor (408) and resistors (410) to turn the output transistor (412) ON causing a positive pulse (Tl, FIG. 3) at the collector of transistor (412).
- This positive output pulse is used to trigger the monostable multivibrator (5) ON" when it is transmitted through lead (51) to the input gate (501) of the monostable multivibrator (5).
- the primary purpose of the trigger circuit (4) is to provide an acceptable wave shape (T1) to the input of the monostable multivibrator (5).
- the monostable multivibrator (5) includes elements (501-514) and test jack (50).
- the duration of the output pulse (T2) of the monostable multivibrator (5) is independent of the duration of the input pulse (T1) re ceived from the trigger circuit (4) through lead (51).
- the magnitude and duration of the output pulses (T2) are determined by capacitors (505) or (506) and the internal resistance of gate (503). To obtain a long output pulse, the capacitance of capacitors (505) and (506) is adjusted to be in the order of 0.6 microfarads or less.
- Switch (514) serves the same purpose as switch (214) of the signal generator (2).
- Gates (501, 502, 503 and 507) are diode transistor logic elements with two inputs and four gates.
- transistor (509) When transistor (509) is OFF, capacitors (505) and (506) are charged through resistor (508). When transistor (509) is turned ON, capacitor (505) and (506) discharge. Transistor (509) is turned OFF very quickly when the leading edge of the trigger pulse (T1) occurs at input (2) of gate (501 When the leading edge of the input signal pulse (Tl) turns the transistor (509) OFF," the base voltage of the transistor goes to minus (V in minus Vbe) which is minus 14.3 volts. The capacitors (505) or (506) then start to charge through resistor (508) and when the base to emitter voltage of the transistor (509) (0.7 volts) is reached, transistor (509) is turned ON,” concluding the output pulse (T2).
- the duration of the output pulse (T2) may be computed as 0.7 RC where R is resistor (508) and C is capacitor (505) or (506).
- R resistor
- C capacitor
- the operational characteristics of the monostable multivibrator (5) may be seen by referring to FIG. 3, explained later.
- the voltage comparator (6) outlined by a broken line, (elements 601 through 609) includes gates (601, 602, 603 and 604) which are diode transistor logic circuits with two inputs and four gates.
- Capacitor (605) is designed to eliminate transient spikes in the circuit caused by the discharge of the blasting machine into the testing apparatus.
- the comparator (6) is designed to provide an output signal (C) from gate (603) if the magnitude of the signal (B) applied to input (62) of gate (601) exceeds the magnitude of signal (A) at input (61) at anytime during pulse (T2) and to provide an output signal (D) from gate (604) if the magnitude of the signal (B) applied to input (62) of gate (601) is less than the magnitude of signal (A) at input (61) at anytime during the presence of pulse (T2) at input (61) of gate (601).
- An output signal (D) from gate (604) illuminates the NO-GO indicator (714) while an output signal (C) from gate (603) illuminates the GO indicator (728).
- the indicator circuit (7) (elements 709-729), which is shown within a broken line, is a simple switching circuit using transistors (711, 722, 727) and resistors (709, 712, 720, 713, 721, 729, 723) in a switching arrangement to turn on indicator lights (714, 728) to give GO and NO-GO signals in response to the output of the comparator (6).
- FIG. 3 is a timing diagram that illustrates the wave forms at particular points (A, B, D, E and F) throughout the monostable multivibrator (5).
- the output of the monostable multivibrator (5) from gate (502) is transmitted through lead (61) to the input (61) of gate (601) of the comparator (6).
- the timing diagram illustrates that the output pulse (T2) is initiated upon receipt of input pulse (T1) and terminates when transistor (509) turns ON. See wave form F, which illustrates how the base of the transistor (509) goes from a negative potential to a positive potential to turn transistor (509) ON by the charging action of capacitors (505 and 506).
- the duration (T2) and magnitude (M) of the pulse formed by the monostable multivibrator (5) may be adjusted to any predetermined duration and magnitude. The magnitude of the pulse being representative of a selected energy level.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the operational characteristics of comparator (6).
- Wave form A illustrates the pulse generated by the reference signal generator which is the output of the multivibrator (5) applied through lead (61) to the input of gate (601).
- Curves B and B illustrate the wave shapes introduced through lead (62) to the input of gate (601) and are representative of the voltage generated across capacitor (209) or (210).
- the comparator provides a signal (C) that turns GO" lamp (728) ON.
- the comparator (6) may be considered a threshold detector since it supplies an output signal when a predetermined threshold voltage is exceeded.
- the apparatus for testing the acceptability of the output energy level of a blasting machine operates as follows:
- the capacitor (101) of the blasting machine (1) is charged to its full value by the battery and connected to the inputs (8 and 9) of the tester.
- Trigger tube (103) is triggered to allow the energy in capacitor (101) to discharge into the testing apparatus.
- the switches (214, 204, 212 and 514) are placed in position A.
- trigger circuit (4) Upon discharge of the energy from the storage capacitor (101), trigger circuit (4) is triggered, supplying a shaped wave form to monostable multivibrator (5) which in turn applies a reference signal (A) to the input (61) of gate (601) of comparator (6).
- the high input impedance of the trigger circuit (4) causes most of the energy from the storage capacitor (101) to be dissipated in the signal generator circuit (2).
- the signal generator (2) receives most of the energy from capacitor (101) and begins to charge capacitor (209) which in turn applies a signal (B), the magnitude of which varies with respect to time, to the other input (62) of the gate (601) of the comparator (6).
- the magnitude and duration of signal (A) supplied to input (61) is related to a predetermined amount of energy and when signal (A) is exceeded by a signal (B) generated by the signal generator (2) it is known that the energy discharged by capacitor (101) exceeded that predetermined value.
- the signals from the monostable multivibrator (5) and the signal generator (2) are calibrated by supplying known amount of energies to the circuit.
- the comparator (6) Upon receipt of the two signals (A and B) through input signals (61, 62) the comparator (6) supplies sig nals to the indicator circuitry (7).
- the comparator (6) applies a signal (C) to the indicator circuitry (7) to illuminate the GO" indicator (728) when the magnitude of signal (A) from the reference generator drops below the magnitude of signal (B) from the signal generator (Curve B, FIG. 4).
- the comparator (6) provides a signal (D) to the NO-GO" indicator (714) of the indicator circuitry (7) when the magnitude of the reference signal (A) from the monostable multivibrator (5) remains greater than the magnitude of signal (B) from the signal generator (2) (Curve B, FIG. 4).
- Curve B which exceeds the magnitude of signal (A) during the time T2, causes the comparator (6) to generate a signal (C) which gives a GO" indication
- Curve B' is a signal, the magnitude of which does not exceed the magnitude of signal (A) during the time period T2 and therefore the comparator (6) generates a signal (D), giving a NO-GO" indication.
- Apparatus comprising a blasting machine of the type that discharges energy stored in a capacitor to initiate a plurality of electro-explosive devices, means for indicating when said energy discharged from said blasting machine is above a predetermined energy value, said means comprising:
- circuit means including a series connected resistor and capacitor for receiving said energy discharged from said blasting machine and for producing a first signal which is related to the amount of energy discharged; means for generating a reference signal which is related to a predetermined amount of energy;
- said means for generating a reference signal which is related to a predetermined amount of energy comprises a trigger circuit responsive to the receipt of an output energy pulse from said blasting machine, said trigger circuit having an input resistance greater than 1 million ohms and means for generating a trigger pulse upon receipt of said blasting machine output energy pulse; and a monostable multivibrator, having input means for receiving said trigger circuit pulse and output means for producing a pulse having a fixed magnitude in response to said trigger circuit pulse; and wherein said first signal increases in magnitude with respect to time.
- said energy receiving means includes means for dissipating substantially all of said energy received from said blasting machine.
- said energy receiving means includes means for dissipating substantially all ofsaid energy received from said blasting machine.
- said energy dissipating means includes a resistor having a resistance at least three decades less than the input resistance of said trigger circuit.
- said energy dissipating means includes a resistor having a resistance at least three decades less than the input re sistance of said trigger circuit.
- said indicator means includes a first light that illuminates for a predetermined period of time in the absence of said third signal.
- said indicator means includes a first light that illuminates for a predetermined period of time in the absence of said third signal.
- said indicator means includes a first light that illuminates for a predetermined period of time in the absence of said third signal.
- said indicator means includes a first light that illuminates for a predetermined period of time in the absence of said third signal.
- said indicator means includes a first light that illuminates for a predetermined period of time in the absence of said third signal.
- said indicator means includes a second light that illuminates for a predetermined period of time in the presence of said third signal.
- said indicator means includes a second light that illuminates for a predetermined period of time in the presence of said third signal.
- said indicator means includes a second light that illuminates for a predetermined period of time in the presence of said third signal.
- said indicator means includes a second light that illuminates for a predetermined period of time in the presence of said third signal.
- said indicator means includes a second light that illuminates for a predetermined period of time in the presence of said third signal.
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US317911A US3865028A (en) | 1972-12-26 | 1972-12-26 | Energy tester for testing blasting machines that detonate electro-explosive devices |
DE2362779A DE2362779A1 (de) | 1972-12-26 | 1973-12-18 | Testeinrichtung zur bestimmung der ausgangsenergie einer zuendmaschine |
GB5873873A GB1446330A (en) | 1972-12-26 | 1973-12-19 | Energy tester for testing blasting machines that detonate electro-explosive devices |
FR7345899A FR2211640B1 (de) | 1972-12-26 | 1973-12-21 | |
AT1083673A AT328037B (de) | 1972-12-26 | 1973-12-27 | Testgerat fur die von einer kondensatorzundmaschine abgebbare energie |
IT32133/73A IT1002256B (it) | 1972-12-26 | 1973-12-27 | Apparecchio per provare l energia immagazzinata in un esploditore elettrico |
US444212A US3922604A (en) | 1972-12-26 | 1974-02-21 | Energy tester for testing blasting machines that detonate electro-explosive devices |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US317911A US3865028A (en) | 1972-12-26 | 1972-12-26 | Energy tester for testing blasting machines that detonate electro-explosive devices |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3865028A true US3865028A (en) | 1975-02-11 |
Family
ID=23235787
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US317911A Expired - Lifetime US3865028A (en) | 1972-12-26 | 1972-12-26 | Energy tester for testing blasting machines that detonate electro-explosive devices |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3865028A (de) |
AT (1) | AT328037B (de) |
DE (1) | DE2362779A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2211640B1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1446330A (de) |
IT (1) | IT1002256B (de) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3983476A (en) * | 1974-06-28 | 1976-09-28 | Francis Konopasek | Defibrillator testing device |
US9618309B2 (en) | 2014-04-28 | 2017-04-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Apparatus and electric primer output data testing method |
CN107271128A (zh) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-20 | 西南交通大学 | 一种模拟逆断层粘滑错动引发近断层地震动的试验装置 |
CN108171958A (zh) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-06-15 | 山东大学 | 隧道超前地质预报的起爆信号交互式控制装置及方法 |
CN108317920A (zh) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-07-24 | 中国人民解放军61489部队 | 基于“对地射击”模式的引信互扰测试系统及其测试方法 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE416349B (sv) * | 1976-05-18 | 1980-12-15 | Nitro Nobel Ab | Metod och anordning for initiering av elektriska sprengkapslar |
CN112816232B (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-09-23 | 北京中瑞和电气有限公司 | 有载分接开关油中电弧放电防爆试验装置 |
CN112781905B (zh) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-12-16 | 北京中瑞和电气有限公司 | 一种变压器油中电弧放电防爆试验装置 |
Citations (4)
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US1121835A (en) * | 1914-12-22 | C E Hiatt | Comparator. | |
US2278113A (en) * | 1935-11-06 | 1942-03-31 | Moreau Henri | Galvanometer contact device |
US2398606A (en) * | 1943-03-27 | 1946-04-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Ultra high frequency power measurement |
US3704393A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1972-11-28 | Frank J Digney Jr | Capacitor discharge type blasting machines |
-
1972
- 1972-12-26 US US317911A patent/US3865028A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1973
- 1973-12-18 DE DE2362779A patent/DE2362779A1/de active Pending
- 1973-12-19 GB GB5873873A patent/GB1446330A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-12-21 FR FR7345899A patent/FR2211640B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-12-27 IT IT32133/73A patent/IT1002256B/it active
- 1973-12-27 AT AT1083673A patent/AT328037B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1121835A (en) * | 1914-12-22 | C E Hiatt | Comparator. | |
US2278113A (en) * | 1935-11-06 | 1942-03-31 | Moreau Henri | Galvanometer contact device |
US2398606A (en) * | 1943-03-27 | 1946-04-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Ultra high frequency power measurement |
US3704393A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1972-11-28 | Frank J Digney Jr | Capacitor discharge type blasting machines |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3983476A (en) * | 1974-06-28 | 1976-09-28 | Francis Konopasek | Defibrillator testing device |
US9618309B2 (en) | 2014-04-28 | 2017-04-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Apparatus and electric primer output data testing method |
CN107271128A (zh) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-20 | 西南交通大学 | 一种模拟逆断层粘滑错动引发近断层地震动的试验装置 |
CN108171958A (zh) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-06-15 | 山东大学 | 隧道超前地质预报的起爆信号交互式控制装置及方法 |
CN108317920A (zh) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-07-24 | 中国人民解放军61489部队 | 基于“对地射击”模式的引信互扰测试系统及其测试方法 |
CN108317920B (zh) * | 2018-04-04 | 2023-10-20 | 中国人民解放军61489部队 | 基于“对地射击”模式的引信互扰测试方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2362779A1 (de) | 1974-06-27 |
FR2211640A1 (de) | 1974-07-19 |
AT328037B (de) | 1976-02-25 |
GB1446330A (en) | 1976-08-18 |
IT1002256B (it) | 1976-05-20 |
ATA1083673A (de) | 1975-05-15 |
FR2211640B1 (de) | 1978-03-24 |
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