US3864508A - Carrier for conductors in an electrical cable for low temperature - Google Patents

Carrier for conductors in an electrical cable for low temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
US3864508A
US3864508A US460028A US46002874A US3864508A US 3864508 A US3864508 A US 3864508A US 460028 A US460028 A US 460028A US 46002874 A US46002874 A US 46002874A US 3864508 A US3864508 A US 3864508A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cable
conductors
elements
grooves
carrier
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Expired - Lifetime
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US460028A
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English (en)
Inventor
August Beck
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Kabelmetal Electro GmbH
KM Kabelmetal AG
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KM Kabelmetal AG
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Assigned to KABELMETAL ELECTRO GMBH, KABELKAMP 20, 3000 HANNOVER 1, GERMANY reassignment KABELMETAL ELECTRO GMBH, KABELKAMP 20, 3000 HANNOVER 1, GERMANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: KABEL- UND METALLWERKE GUTEHOFFNUNGSHUTTE AG
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
    • H01B12/02—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
    • H01B12/06—Films or wires on bases or cores
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
    • Y10S505/825—Apparatus per se, device per se, or process of making or operating same
    • Y10S505/883—Housing and mounting assembly with plural diverse electrical components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
    • Y10S505/825—Apparatus per se, device per se, or process of making or operating same
    • Y10S505/884—Conductor
    • Y10S505/885—Cooling, or feeding, circulating, or distributing fluid; in superconductive apparatus
    • Y10S505/886—Cable

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The individual conductors of a cyrogenic cable are supported in the innermost tube of the cable assembly, having plural concentric corrugated tubes for establishing a controlled temperature gradient, in that short tube sections with peripheral longitudinal grooves are linked together, leaving a gap between each two sections, and in a chain-like configuration; the conductors are preferably wrapped helically around this carrier assembly.
  • the present invention relates to an electrical cable operated at low temperatures such as a cryogenic cable operated with superconduction of the electrical conductor therein, and which includes several concentric, preferably corrugated metal tubes for thermal insulation of the conductors which are disposed in the innermost tube and held therein through suitable support structure. 1 This innermost tube is usually also flown through by a coolant which maintains the superconductive state of the conductors.
  • the French Pat. No. 70.13096 discloses a conductor support for and in such a superconductor cable comprised of a helix made of plastic or metal and having additional ribs for strengthening.
  • the conductors are disposed on this helix.
  • This arrangement has the disadvantage that upon applying axial expansion force upon the helix outer diameter is decreased while axial compression increases the diameter.
  • the geometry of the cable construction is per se indefinite because either or both types of forces may be set up.
  • strips or wires used as conductors are supported by the helix in spaced apart points only. The distance between the support points may vary and the support surfaces may decrease if the helix has re-enforcing ribs.
  • German printed patent application No. 2,020,735 discloses a support for conductors in a cryogenic cable, having support rings and plastic rods combined in a cage-like configuration. Plastic ribbons are spirally wound around the rods to enhance stability. The same basic problem outlined above arises also here in that the cage offers too little support area for the superconductor strips or wires. Upon bending the cable, the conductors may kink.
  • superconductor ribbons are usually of laminated construction made by cladding or the like, and upon kinking the superconductive layer may break.
  • the manufactures of such superconductors usually state a smallest permissible radius of curvature for bending, sharper curving and bending will indeed lead to cracks across the superconductive layer.
  • Another drawback of the cage construction is to be seen in that the annular support elements impede vigorous flow of the cryogenic coolant.
  • the elements are preferably interconnected by wire clips, arranged e.g. around the end-face peripheries of respective two axially adjoining elements.
  • the wire clips are preferably provided for establishing overall flexibility as well as length compensation as occuring on low temperature contraction.
  • meandering wires may be used for interconnection which is particularly beneficial for compensation of length changes.
  • FIG. 1 is front view of a conductor support element in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation of such an element as connected to another one
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation ofa multiple element assembly with superimposed conductors.
  • the support elements are cylindrical or drum shaped, short tube sections with annular cross-section, i.e. they have a large, hollow tubular interior.
  • the outer periphery of the elements 1 is provided with longitudinally i.e. axially running grooves 2 establishing channels for the coolant liquid.
  • the elements are relatively short; generally speaking their axial dimensions are comparable to their respective radial demensions. In the drawing they are shown to be slightly shorter than they are wide with regard to their outer diameter.
  • Superconductive strips 5 are wound helically upon a tube section assembly such as the tubes 1, 1, 1", 1 etc. in FIG. 3.
  • the elements such as l, 1' etc. are linked together in a chain-link configuration in that they are axially concatenated on a common axis and interconnected e.g. through wire clips 3.
  • a definite space is established as a gap 4 between adjacent tubes, which must be sufficient to establish overall flexibility of the assembly. Since come contraction is expected on cryogenic cooling the bores receiving the clips are significantly wider than the clip wire is thick.
  • Elements 1, 1 etc. are preferably made of plastic, but they have a thermal expansion, or, better, contraction which is about 10 times as large as for metal parts (e.g. the wire clips) when considering a range of 300 Kelvin.
  • the clips 3 shown in FIG. 2 are individual clips just looped through the large holes.
  • An extensive looping on a multiple clip basis is shown in FIG. 3,.the connecting elements being wires 6 of meandering configuration with inwardly extending loops and running in one of the grooves of the elements along the longitudinally periphery.
  • the meander shape of the wires 6 interconnecting the several carrier and tube sections as shown in FIG. 3 permits each carrier element to contract axially, but the wires 6 maintain the overall spacing as their contraction is about the same (or can be made to be about the same) as the resulting axial contraction of the conductor tapes or strips 5.
  • the loops of the clips readily compensate any differences. Moreover, they provide for resilient interconnection as between the contracting and, therefor, mutually retracting elements 1, 1', 1''
  • the clips or wires are arranged perferably to have three equidistantly spaced connections between adjacent sections 1, 1'; l, 1'' etc, i.e. these connecting elements are spaced apart by 120.
  • Coolant such as liquid helium
  • Coolant that fills the interiors of the tubes can escape radially through the gaps 4 and flow freely through the ducts or channels established by the grooves 2. This way coolant envelopes the superconductors 5 and cools them intensively, and there is continuous exchange of liquid coolantas between the channels or grooves and the interior of the tubular, sectionilized carrier assembly.
  • gaps 4 there remain gaps in registering relationwith gaps 4;
  • the carrier assembly is disposed in a corrugated tube 7 which in turn is held in another corrugated tube 8; others may be provided for a controlled temperature gradient as between the exterior and the interior, bridging up to or more than 300 Kelvin temperature difference.
  • the conductor supporting element is not only usable for superconductive cables but can also be used e.g. in cryoresistive cables i.e. for low temperature cable using copper or aluminum tapes, strips or wires.
  • cryoresistive cables i.e. for low temperature cable using copper or aluminum tapes, strips or wires.
  • the utilization of the assembly in superconductor arrangements is of particular interest when the ribbons are made of laminated construction with a thin layer of a material that is commonly used for superconduction. The construction prevents kinking of'these tapes and the superconductive layer is, therefore, protected against such kinking.
  • the liquid coolant can readily be brought into intimate contact with the conductors, even if the cable is quite long.
  • the carrier elements are hollow cylinders with large inner diameter and without offering any obstruction to the flow of coolant. The larger the diameter the lower is the flow resistance of the conduit arrangement. Thus, liquid helium can flow through greater lengths of the cable without requiring pumping.
  • the grooves 2 provide for extensive flow of coolant in the immediate vicinity of the conductors 5. Since conductors 5 are wrapped around the carriers 1, 1' etc. in helical configuration they are all exposed to exactly the same amount of open space above the ducts-- grooves, and they are supported by exactly the same amount of ridge surface between the grooves. Hence, the conditions for cooling as well as for support of. the conductors are quite uniform.
  • the support surface are closely spaced along each helical conductor, particularly if the pitch angle is such that the conductor strips cross the ridges-grooves at not too shallow an angle.
  • insulation is not shown in the drawings, but it'can readily be seen that insulation can be wound on top of the illustrated assembly without affecting the strength and configuration of-the conductor support. In particular any tension on the insulation and reacted into the assembly will not change the geometry thereof so that the conductor tapes or strips are not subject to detrimental tension, overall or localized.
  • a teflon hose may be made (e.g. ex-
  • a carrier assembly for the conductors comprising:
  • connecting elements interconnecting the carrier elements with a gap between adjacently positioned carrier elements so that liquid coolant as flowing through the elements may pass through the gap for flow in and along the grooves, the conductors being disposed on the elements as interconnected.
  • connecting elements being distributed about the axial ends of respective two sections interconnected and held in each of them loosely with play sufficient to prevent binding upon strong thermal contraction of the section.

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  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
US460028A 1973-04-13 1974-04-11 Carrier for conductors in an electrical cable for low temperature Expired - Lifetime US3864508A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2318617A DE2318617A1 (de) 1973-04-13 1973-04-13 Elektrisches tieftemperaturkabel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3864508A true US3864508A (en) 1975-02-04

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ID=5877919

Family Applications (1)

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US460028A Expired - Lifetime US3864508A (en) 1973-04-13 1974-04-11 Carrier for conductors in an electrical cable for low temperature

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3864508A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS5047183A (enExample)
DE (1) DE2318617A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2225816B1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1447734A (enExample)
SU (1) SU845807A3 (enExample)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3989885A (en) * 1974-05-31 1976-11-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Support body for the conductors of a low-temperature cable
US3997714A (en) * 1974-05-29 1976-12-14 Compagnie Generale D'electricite Superconductive lead having thin strips
US4020275A (en) * 1976-01-27 1977-04-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Superconducting cable cooling system by helium gas at two pressures
US4020274A (en) * 1976-01-27 1977-04-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Superconducting cable cooling system by helium gas and a mixture of gas and liquid helium
US4031310A (en) * 1975-06-13 1977-06-21 General Cable Corporation Shrinkable electrical cable core for cryogenic cable
US4175212A (en) * 1976-10-29 1979-11-20 Kabel- und Metallwerke Guthehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft Electrical conductor assembly
WO2000077797A1 (en) * 1999-06-02 2000-12-21 Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi, S.P.A. Methods for joining high temperature superconducting components in a superconducting cable with negligible critical current degradation and articles of manufacture in accordance therewith
WO2002015203A1 (en) * 2000-08-14 2002-02-21 Pirelli S.P.A. Superconducting cable
US6985761B2 (en) 2000-08-14 2006-01-10 Pirelli S.P.A. Superconducting cable
US20100126748A1 (en) * 2007-03-21 2010-05-27 Nkt Cables Ultera A/S termination unit
US20180226730A1 (en) * 2015-08-12 2018-08-09 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Connector for superconducting conductors, and use of the connector
US11081257B2 (en) * 2018-01-29 2021-08-03 Sterlite Technologies Limited Notched conductor for telecommunication cable
US11217364B2 (en) * 2018-02-16 2022-01-04 Essex Furukawa Magnet Wire Japan Co., Ltd. Insulated wire, coil, and electric/electronic equipments

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3382315A (en) * 1966-08-24 1968-05-07 Gen Electric Transposed strip conductor
US3514524A (en) * 1968-04-17 1970-05-26 Gen Electric Transposed low temperature strip electric cable
US3515793A (en) * 1966-12-29 1970-06-02 Comp Generale Electricite Cryogenic polyphase cable
US3541221A (en) * 1967-12-11 1970-11-17 Comp Generale Electricite Electric cable whose length does not vary as a function of temperature
US3668297A (en) * 1970-04-17 1972-06-06 Licentia Gmbh Low-temperature electrical cable arrangement

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3382315A (en) * 1966-08-24 1968-05-07 Gen Electric Transposed strip conductor
US3515793A (en) * 1966-12-29 1970-06-02 Comp Generale Electricite Cryogenic polyphase cable
US3541221A (en) * 1967-12-11 1970-11-17 Comp Generale Electricite Electric cable whose length does not vary as a function of temperature
US3514524A (en) * 1968-04-17 1970-05-26 Gen Electric Transposed low temperature strip electric cable
US3668297A (en) * 1970-04-17 1972-06-06 Licentia Gmbh Low-temperature electrical cable arrangement

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3997714A (en) * 1974-05-29 1976-12-14 Compagnie Generale D'electricite Superconductive lead having thin strips
US3989885A (en) * 1974-05-31 1976-11-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Support body for the conductors of a low-temperature cable
US4031310A (en) * 1975-06-13 1977-06-21 General Cable Corporation Shrinkable electrical cable core for cryogenic cable
US4020275A (en) * 1976-01-27 1977-04-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Superconducting cable cooling system by helium gas at two pressures
US4020274A (en) * 1976-01-27 1977-04-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Superconducting cable cooling system by helium gas and a mixture of gas and liquid helium
US4175212A (en) * 1976-10-29 1979-11-20 Kabel- und Metallwerke Guthehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft Electrical conductor assembly
WO2000077797A1 (en) * 1999-06-02 2000-12-21 Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi, S.P.A. Methods for joining high temperature superconducting components in a superconducting cable with negligible critical current degradation and articles of manufacture in accordance therewith
US6985761B2 (en) 2000-08-14 2006-01-10 Pirelli S.P.A. Superconducting cable
WO2002015203A1 (en) * 2000-08-14 2002-02-21 Pirelli S.P.A. Superconducting cable
US20100126748A1 (en) * 2007-03-21 2010-05-27 Nkt Cables Ultera A/S termination unit
US8624109B2 (en) * 2007-03-21 2014-01-07 Nkt Cables Ultera A/S Termination unit
US9331468B2 (en) 2007-03-21 2016-05-03 Nkt Cables Ultera A/S Termination unit
EP2127051B1 (en) * 2007-03-21 2017-09-13 NKT Cables Ultera A/S A cryogenic cable termination unit
US20180226730A1 (en) * 2015-08-12 2018-08-09 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Connector for superconducting conductors, and use of the connector
US10218090B2 (en) * 2015-08-12 2019-02-26 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Connector for superconducting conductors, and use of the connector
US11081257B2 (en) * 2018-01-29 2021-08-03 Sterlite Technologies Limited Notched conductor for telecommunication cable
US11217364B2 (en) * 2018-02-16 2022-01-04 Essex Furukawa Magnet Wire Japan Co., Ltd. Insulated wire, coil, and electric/electronic equipments

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2225816B1 (enExample) 1978-01-20
FR2225816A1 (enExample) 1974-11-08
GB1447734A (en) 1976-08-25
JPS5047183A (enExample) 1975-04-26
DE2318617A1 (de) 1974-11-07
SU845807A3 (ru) 1981-07-07

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AS Assignment

Owner name: KABELMETAL ELECTRO GMBH, KABELKAMP 20, 3000 HANNOV

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KABEL- UND METALLWERKE GUTEHOFFNUNGSHUTTE AG;REEL/FRAME:004284/0182