US3863813A - Liquefied-gas cartridge with dispensing valve - Google Patents

Liquefied-gas cartridge with dispensing valve Download PDF

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Publication number
US3863813A
US3863813A US462693A US46269374A US3863813A US 3863813 A US3863813 A US 3863813A US 462693 A US462693 A US 462693A US 46269374 A US46269374 A US 46269374A US 3863813 A US3863813 A US 3863813A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquefied
gas
substance
cartridge
filled cartridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US462693A
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English (en)
Inventor
Helmut Metzner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novartis Corp
Original Assignee
Ciba Geigy Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ciba Geigy Corp filed Critical Ciba Geigy Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3863813A publication Critical patent/US3863813A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/10—Arrangements for preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/037—Containing pollutant, e.g. H2S, Cl
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/07—Applications for household use
    • F17C2270/0718—Aerosols

Definitions

  • a liquefied-gas cartridge with dispensing valve which comprises, in the liquid phase of the liquefied gas contained within the cartridge, an agent which, on cooling of the liquefied gas in consequence of evaporation of the liquid phase whilst the valve remains open, releases heat to the liquefied gas.
  • the agent preferably contains, or consists of, a substance which is liquid at room temperature and which has a solidification temperature in the range of about 10C 20C and which is either practically insoluble in the propellant and added directly thereto, or which is enclosed by a capsule of good heat-conductivity. Butane-1,4-diol, glacial acetic acid or acetophenone are suitable as such agents.
  • Pressure packs are already known, e.g., for spraying liquid products in aerosol form, in which the liquefied gas serving as propellant, such as, e.g., dichlorodifluoromethane and other Freons, dimethyl ether, propane, etc., and the product to be sprayed are located in separate containers, and whereby, with the opening of a dispensing valve, the gas phase of the liquefied gas is discharged from the propellant container through a dispensing nozzle, preferably a Venturi spray nozzle.
  • a dispensing nozzle preferably a Venturi spray nozzle.
  • the liquid phase of the propellant in the propellant container evaporates initially to the extent that the gas phase is escaping from the said container.
  • liquefied gas for other purposes than for aerosol manufacture, e.g., as fuel in cookers or igniters, for soldering-iron heating, and so forth, where no special dispensing nozzle is required, the described temperature drop in the liquefied gas causes a clear reduction in the flow of gas and a shortening of the spray ing time of the individual discharge.
  • Suitable liquefied gases for this purpose are, in particular, butane and isobutane, optionally also propane.
  • the said new liquefied-gas cartridge is one in which the above-described phenomenon of temperature drop in the liquid phase of the liquefied gas inside the cartridge is reduced to the greatest possible degree, or appreciably retarded.
  • the heat-releasing agent consists, in particular, of a substance which is liquid at room temperature and which has a solidification temperature in the range of about to 30C, preferably from about C to about C, or of a mixture of such substances.
  • the substance releasing heat on solidifying is practically insoluble in the liquefied gas and can thus be added directly to it.
  • the said substance can be enclosed in a good heat-conducting capsule, and the capsule thus prepared can then be introduced into the liquefied gas.
  • the agent releasing heat can contain, in addition to the substance giving up heat on solidification, an amount of an auxiliary capable of preventing undercooling-of the said substance.
  • Such substances are preferred of which, on solidification, each gram releases at least 30 calories. It is preferable to choose a substance which, on solidification, releases more than 30 and as far as possible more than 45 60 calories per gram.
  • a substance that can be added direct to the liquefied gas e.g., to a compound of the Freon class (e.g., dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane or chlorotrifluoromethane), dimethyl ether, propane, butane or isobutane, and which satisfies the other conditions mentioned above, is butane-l.4-diol.
  • a compound of the Freon class e.g., dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane or chlorotrifluoromethane
  • dimethyl ether propane, butane or isobutane
  • the pressurised liquefiedgas cartridge can be provided with a discharge nozzle, particularly a Venturi nozzle, in addition to the dispensing valve.
  • a particularly significant extension of the spraying time is obtained with a pressurised liquefiedgas cartridge of the above-described type in which the weight ratio between liquefied gas and heat-releasing substance is at least about a third less than 10 1 l, i.e., at most 7 1.This weight ratio is preferably 5 l to 3 l. As a result thereof, the spraying time is lengthened by a factor of at least two and a half to three.
  • the emptied cartridge can be simply exchanged for a full one, and the remainder of the product discharged from its container, whereby the length of time of the separate sprayings can be quite two and a half to three times greater than that of a spraying effected by a propellant alone without use of a heatreleasingsubstance in the liquefied-gas cartridge.
  • FIG. 1 of the attached drawing serves to establish the practical effects of using heat-releasing substances as additives in the liquefied gas in a propellant cartridge for aerosol sprayers.
  • FIG. 2 shows the curves plotted from the experimental results.
  • a cyclindrical liquefied-gas cartridge 1 in the apparatus according to FIG. 1 is made of aluminium. It weighs 1 1.5 g and has an internal diameter of 30 mm and an internal height to the neck 2 of 85 mm. Up to the start of the shoulder-forming neck 2 the cartridge has an internal volume of 50 ml.
  • an outlet valve 3 with an actuating head 4, and thereto is fitted a valve shaft (not shown).
  • a spray nozzle 5 of the Venturi type is incorporated in the actuating head 4.
  • the arrangement of valve and spray head is known, for example, from the Swiss Pat. No. 504,898.
  • the narrowest outlet diameter of the valve in this this series of tests is designed to be 0.3 mm.
  • a suction tube 6 the free end of which is immersed in the liquid product to be sprayed, which is accomodated in a container 7 separate from the liquefied-gas cartridge.
  • Water can be used as the product to be sprayed in the tests described in the following.
  • thermocouple element 8 Passing through the wall of the liquefied-gas cartridge l is a thermocouple element 8, which continuously measures the temperature within the liquid phase of the liquefied gas, and this temperature is continuously plotted on a temperature recorder 9.
  • the temper- Example 2 I0 g of glacial acetic acid is placed into a narrow aluminium capsule. The capsule is closed with a rubber stopper and then inserted into the cartridge I. The cartridge is closed with the valve 3 and then charged with 35 g of dichlorodifluoromethane. The subsequent procedure is as described in Example I.
  • thermocouple element 8 to which the thermocouple element 8 is connected, can be, for example, a Philipps multichannel recorder of the type PR 3500.
  • the cartridge 1 contains a sponge 10 as an element absorbing liquefied gas; this sponge prevents in a known manner the liquid propellant from entering valve 3.
  • the aluminium cartridge 1 is filled with the heatreleasing substance of the type given in the following examples, and thereupon charged under pressure with the liquefied gas; the filled cartridge is allowed to warm up to 20C (room temperature). The spray head is then pressed until the temperature within the liquid phase of the liquefied gas has fallen to 0C, and the time required therefore is measured.
  • the multichannel recorder is simultaneously recording the temperature variation in the liquid phase of the liquefied gas. This temperature variation for the following three examples and for a control test is shown in the attached diagram (FIG. 2).
  • Example I 10 g of butane-1,4-diol is weighed into the cartridge 1.
  • the sponge 10 is then introduced and the cartridge closed by means of the valve 3 and charged with g of dichlorodifluoromethane.
  • the thermocouple element 8 is connected to the multichannel recorder 9.
  • the suction pipe 6 of the valve 3 is immersed in the water con-
  • Example 3 10 g of l-bromohexadecane is weighed into an aluminium capsule; the capsule is then closed with a rubber stopper and inserted into the cartridge 1.
  • the procedure otherwise is analogous to that described in Example 2.
  • Control Example Example I is repeated except that in this case no l,4- butanediol is used, and only the stated amount of dichlorofluoromethane inserted into the cartridge 1.
  • the attached diagram illustrates these results.
  • the time in seconds on the X-axis is plotted against the temperature in C on the Y-axis.
  • Example 4 Into an aluminium propellant-cartridge weighing 11.5 g is inserted 3 ml of glacial acetic acid contained in a small aluminium capsule, together with some small iron beads to prevent an undercooling of the glacial acetic acid; the cartridge is then fitted with an outlet valve and subsequently charged with 50 g of Freon 12 (dichlorodifluoromethane).
  • Freon 12 diichlorodifluoromethane
  • the valve is open to allow a discharge of gaseous Freon 12 from the propellant cartridge.
  • thermometer immersed in the liquid Freon.
  • Table II are given the evaporated amount of Freon and the opening time in the course of which the temperature of the liquid Freon has decreased (a) by 5C and (b) by 10C.
  • the employed Venturi nozzle is one having an outlet diameter at the narrowest point of 0.3 mm.
  • the test is also performed with a half-filled cartridge.
  • Table II claim 2 wherein the substance is practically insoluble (a) cooling by 5C (a) Cooling by 10C full cartridge half full cartridge liquefied-gas charge (Freon 12) 54 g 50 g 27 g 25 g glacial acetic acid 3 ml 3 ml amount of Freon l2 gas evaporated 3.36 g 7.05 g 2.0 g 5.8 g spraying time (sec.) 22.5 47 13.3 38.5 extension of spraying time (7e) ca. llO ca. I90
  • releasing substance is 5 g of acetophenone
  • the substance contained in the capsule solidifies, with the release of heat, after an extended spraying time, in consequence of which the discharged amount of gas is greatly increased compared with the amount discharged in the same time without the presence of the heat-releasing substance.
  • a liquefied-gas filled cartridge with dispensing valve comprising, in the liquid phase of the liquefied gas contained within the cartridge, an agent which, on cooling of the liquefied gas in consequence of evaporation of the liquid phase whilst the valve remains open, releases heat to the liquefied gas.
  • a liquefied-gas filled cartridge as described in claim 2 wherein each gram of the said substance releases on solidification about 40 to calories to the liquefied gas 7.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US462693A 1973-04-25 1974-04-22 Liquefied-gas cartridge with dispensing valve Expired - Lifetime US3863813A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH588373A CH565346A5 (de) 1973-04-25 1973-04-25
CH133374 1974-01-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3863813A true US3863813A (en) 1975-02-04

Family

ID=25687369

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US462693A Expired - Lifetime US3863813A (en) 1973-04-25 1974-04-22 Liquefied-gas cartridge with dispensing valve

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3863813A (de)
JP (1) JPS5013917A (de)
AU (1) AU6804074A (de)
BE (1) BE814095A (de)
CH (1) CH565346A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2419565A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2227492A1 (de)
LU (1) LU69918A1 (de)
NL (1) NL7405602A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0428402A1 (de) * 1989-11-16 1991-05-22 Abelardo Antonio Portas Treibmittelzusammensetzung
US20030189081A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2003-10-09 Pace, Incorpoated Soldering heater cartridge with replaceable tips and soldering iron for use therewith

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2733306B1 (fr) * 1995-04-21 1997-05-23 Cryotechnologies Dispositif de refroidissement miniature tres rapide

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3137416A (en) * 1961-03-15 1964-06-16 Aerosol Tech Inc Composition for aerosol dispenser consisting of two immiscible liquid phases
US3325056A (en) * 1966-02-23 1967-06-13 Du Pont Apparatus for codispensing a plurality of liquids
US3472426A (en) * 1968-07-03 1969-10-14 William Z Nesin Mixing and codispensing aerosol valve for hot shaving lather and other preparations
US3632516A (en) * 1968-09-25 1972-01-04 Du Pont Self-heating lather

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3137416A (en) * 1961-03-15 1964-06-16 Aerosol Tech Inc Composition for aerosol dispenser consisting of two immiscible liquid phases
US3325056A (en) * 1966-02-23 1967-06-13 Du Pont Apparatus for codispensing a plurality of liquids
US3472426A (en) * 1968-07-03 1969-10-14 William Z Nesin Mixing and codispensing aerosol valve for hot shaving lather and other preparations
US3632516A (en) * 1968-09-25 1972-01-04 Du Pont Self-heating lather

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0428402A1 (de) * 1989-11-16 1991-05-22 Abelardo Antonio Portas Treibmittelzusammensetzung
US20030189081A1 (en) * 2002-04-05 2003-10-09 Pace, Incorpoated Soldering heater cartridge with replaceable tips and soldering iron for use therewith
US6793114B2 (en) * 2002-04-05 2004-09-21 Pace, Incorporated Soldering heater cartridge with replaceable tips and soldering iron for use therewith

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2227492A1 (de) 1974-11-22
DE2419565A1 (de) 1974-11-14
NL7405602A (de) 1974-10-29
JPS5013917A (de) 1975-02-13
LU69918A1 (de) 1976-03-17
AU6804074A (en) 1975-10-23
CH565346A5 (de) 1975-08-15
BE814095A (fr) 1974-10-24

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