US3861821A - Device for producing angular momentum in a flow of working fluid upstream of the first rotor blade of an axial-flow turbomachine - Google Patents

Device for producing angular momentum in a flow of working fluid upstream of the first rotor blade of an axial-flow turbomachine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3861821A
US3861821A US341295A US34129573A US3861821A US 3861821 A US3861821 A US 3861821A US 341295 A US341295 A US 341295A US 34129573 A US34129573 A US 34129573A US 3861821 A US3861821 A US 3861821A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
flow
working fluid
rotor blade
ring
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US341295A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Keller
Bruno Krieg
Ludwig Romer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kraftwerk Union AG
Original Assignee
Kraftwerk Union AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kraftwerk Union AG filed Critical Kraftwerk Union AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3861821A publication Critical patent/US3861821A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D3/00—Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid
    • F01D3/02—Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid characterised by having one fluid flow in one axial direction and another fluid flow in the opposite direction

Definitions

  • a ring space located upstream of the first rotor blade ring in flow direction of a flow of working fluid which acts in axial direction directly upon the first rotor blade ring without first impinging on a preceding guide vane ring, at least one working fluid inlet extending tangentially to and communicating with the ring space, and being provided, if desired, with a throttling member for controlling the flow of working fluid through the working fluid inlet.
  • the invention relates to a device for producing angular momentum in a flow of working fluid upstream of the first rotor blade ring of an axial-flow turbogenerator, and more particularly a steam turbine having steam as working fluid.
  • a control stage for controlling steam flow which is formed of several nozzles distributed over the periphery of the turbines and capable of being shut-off individually or in groups, steam being admitted through the open nozzles so as to act in axial direction on the so-called action wheel.
  • Flow control with such a control stage becomes increasingly more difficult, however, with respect to construction costs, efficiency and operational reliability, as the size of the machines increases.
  • the improvement suggested by the foregoing proposal over the preceding conventional nozzle group control devices is merely that no separate row of rotor blades is required that must generally have larger diameters than the succeeding stages that are fully subjected to the working fluid.
  • Particular difficulties are encountered, however, in the suspension and mounting or supporting of this radially traversed guide vane ring since it must be thermally movable or expansibly secured between two suspended structural members that are, in turn, thermally movable or expansible.
  • a device for producing angular momentum in a flow of working fluid at a location of the turbomachine upstream of the first rotor blade ring comprising means of defining a ring space upstream of the first rotor blade ring and having a configuration for applying, in axial direction directly to the first rotor blade ring, working fluid supplied into the ring space, the first rotor blade being upstream of the first guide vane ring in flow direction of the working fluid, and at least one working fluid inlet extending tangentially to the ring space for supplying the flow of working fluid thereto.
  • an axially or radially directed guide vane ring upstream of the first rotor blade ring can be dispensed with so that, after the steam or working fluid has been deflected into axial direction it can act directly on the first ring of rotor blades.
  • the tangential working fluid inlet comprises a nozzle communicating with the ring space and-having a narrowing outlet cross section in flow direction of the supplied working fluid.
  • the cross section at the narrowed-down end of the nozzle outlet is substantially rectangular or trapezoidal.
  • the ring space extends substantially in radial direction of the turbomachine.
  • the radially outermost meridional width of the ring space is greater than the radially innermost meridional width thereof.
  • the working fluid inlet is located in vicinity of the greater meridional width of the ring space, and the location of the turbomachine upstream of the first rotor blade ring is in the vicinity of the smaller meridional width thereof.
  • the ring space narrows down spirally downstream of the working fluid inlet in flow direction of the working fluid, especially when there is preponderant operation with simultaneous supplying of working fluid or steam through all of the supply inlets therefor.
  • throttling means for controlling the rate of flow of working fluid supplies to the working fluid inlet may be provided additionally.
  • the throttling means are located upstream of each of the working fluid inlets communicating with the ring space, individual or respectively opposing tangential inlets being capable of being partially or fully closed by the throttling means.
  • the ring space is common to both of the flow paths. If the turbine has a two-stage mixed-pressure operation, the individual tangential working fluid or steam supply inlets can be supplied from different steam systems.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in vicinity of the ring space of an axial-flow turbine having a device for producing angular momentum in a flow of working fluid upstream of the first rotor blade ring thereof constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 1 taken along the line II-II in the direction of the arrows showing a double-flow construction of the turbine with rectangular in-flow cross sections.
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2 of another embodiment of the invention wherein the turbine has trapezoidal in-flow cross sections; and
  • FIG. 4 is a crosssectional view similar to that of FIG. 1 of yet another embodiment of the invention wherein the ring space narrows down spirally from the working fluid inlet.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown therein a turbine rotor l surrounded in the in-flow region of the working fluid or steam by a ring space 2 which extends radially outwardly and in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, substantially rectangular cross section 8.
  • a ring space 2 which extends radially outwardly and in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, substantially rectangular cross section 8.
  • four working fluid or steam inlets 3 for example, which are inserted into the outer turbine housing 7 and change over from a circular cross section to a rectangular cross section in the region of nozzle opening 4 at which they communicate with the ring space 2.
  • the tangentially supplied working fluid or steam flows through the ring space or channel 2 in peripheral direction with an additional, radially inward-directed force and velocity component.
  • the individual tangential supply steam inlets 3 are preceded by conventional throttling members shown diagrammatically in the drawing. It is thereby possible to shut off one or more of the tangential steam or working fluid inlets 3 or to throttle the steam throughout.
  • An axial flow turbine comprising rotor blade and guide vane rings alternately following one another in axial direction and having means for producing angular momentum for an incoming steam flow in front of the first rotor blade ring, comprising an annulus immediately in front of the first rotor blade ring, said annulus extending radially inward substantially to the radially inner ends of the rotor blades in said first rotor blade ring, and said annulus extending radially outward and continuously over an entire circumference, a plurality of steam inlets discharging tangentially into said annulus, each steam inlet having an individual and independent controllable throttle valve for regulating the amount of steam.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
US341295A 1972-03-17 1973-03-14 Device for producing angular momentum in a flow of working fluid upstream of the first rotor blade of an axial-flow turbomachine Expired - Lifetime US3861821A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2213071A DE2213071B2 (de) 1972-03-17 1972-03-17 Leitschaufelloser Leitkanal zur Drallerzeugung vor dem ersten Laufschaufelkranz von Turbinen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3861821A true US3861821A (en) 1975-01-21

Family

ID=5839284

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US341295A Expired - Lifetime US3861821A (en) 1972-03-17 1973-03-14 Device for producing angular momentum in a flow of working fluid upstream of the first rotor blade of an axial-flow turbomachine

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3861821A (fi)
JP (1) JPS5337481B2 (fi)
AT (1) AT344738B (fi)
CH (1) CH544883A (fi)
DE (1) DE2213071B2 (fi)
IT (1) IT981340B (fi)
NL (1) NL7303121A (fi)
SE (1) SE384716B (fi)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4027996A (en) * 1974-07-22 1977-06-07 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Turbomachine, such as a steam turbine with high steam inlet temperature, especially
US4571153A (en) * 1982-03-16 1986-02-18 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Axial-admission steam turbine, especially of double-flow construction
US5927943A (en) * 1997-09-05 1999-07-27 Dresser-Rand Company Inlet casing for a turbine
US6609881B2 (en) * 2001-11-15 2003-08-26 General Electric Company Steam turbine inlet and methods of retrofitting
WO2005088117A1 (en) * 2004-03-11 2005-09-22 Walter Vazquez A pressure turbine
US20130101407A1 (en) * 2010-06-21 2013-04-25 Reiner Mack Pelton turbine having a water drain system
US20150275844A1 (en) * 2014-03-26 2015-10-01 Energy Recovery, Inc. Hydraulic turbine system with auxiliary nozzles
EP3296514A1 (en) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-21 General Electric Company Fluidically controlled steam turbine inlet scroll

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55128012U (fi) * 1979-03-06 1980-09-10

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1283088A (en) * 1917-01-24 1918-10-29 D C Pace Rotary turbine-engine.
US1310681A (en) * 1919-07-22 Turbine nozzle-jung
US1482526A (en) * 1922-03-02 1924-02-05 Firm Ag Der Maschinenfabriken Turbine utilizing elastic motive fluids
US2923526A (en) * 1955-03-31 1960-02-02 Gen Electric Turbine
US3056580A (en) * 1959-04-09 1962-10-02 Gen Electric Gas turbine starter
US3610770A (en) * 1968-05-31 1971-10-05 Koninkl Maschf Stork Nv Compressible fluid turbine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1310681A (en) * 1919-07-22 Turbine nozzle-jung
US1283088A (en) * 1917-01-24 1918-10-29 D C Pace Rotary turbine-engine.
US1482526A (en) * 1922-03-02 1924-02-05 Firm Ag Der Maschinenfabriken Turbine utilizing elastic motive fluids
US2923526A (en) * 1955-03-31 1960-02-02 Gen Electric Turbine
US3056580A (en) * 1959-04-09 1962-10-02 Gen Electric Gas turbine starter
US3610770A (en) * 1968-05-31 1971-10-05 Koninkl Maschf Stork Nv Compressible fluid turbine

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4027996A (en) * 1974-07-22 1977-06-07 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Turbomachine, such as a steam turbine with high steam inlet temperature, especially
US4571153A (en) * 1982-03-16 1986-02-18 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Axial-admission steam turbine, especially of double-flow construction
US5927943A (en) * 1997-09-05 1999-07-27 Dresser-Rand Company Inlet casing for a turbine
US6609881B2 (en) * 2001-11-15 2003-08-26 General Electric Company Steam turbine inlet and methods of retrofitting
WO2005088117A1 (en) * 2004-03-11 2005-09-22 Walter Vazquez A pressure turbine
US20070177974A1 (en) * 2004-03-11 2007-08-02 Walter Vazquez Pressure turbine
US20130101407A1 (en) * 2010-06-21 2013-04-25 Reiner Mack Pelton turbine having a water drain system
US20150275844A1 (en) * 2014-03-26 2015-10-01 Energy Recovery, Inc. Hydraulic turbine system with auxiliary nozzles
EP3296514A1 (en) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-21 General Electric Company Fluidically controlled steam turbine inlet scroll
US20180080324A1 (en) * 2016-09-20 2018-03-22 General Electric Company Fluidically controlled steam turbine inlet scroll

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT981340B (it) 1974-10-10
DE2213071B2 (de) 1975-05-28
JPS5337481B2 (fi) 1978-10-09
CH544883A (de) 1973-11-30
ATA131273A (de) 1977-12-15
JPS4912206A (fi) 1974-02-02
SE384716B (sv) 1976-05-17
AT344738B (de) 1978-08-10
NL7303121A (fi) 1973-09-19
DE2213071A1 (de) 1973-09-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3602605A (en) Cooling system for a gas turbine
US4113406A (en) Cooling system for a gas turbine engine
US3383092A (en) Gas turbine with pulsating gas flows
US3427000A (en) Axial flow turbine structure
US3824029A (en) Centrifugal supersonic compressor
US5215436A (en) Inlet casing for steam turbine
JP5279400B2 (ja) ターボ機械ディフューザ
US4141672A (en) Dual or multistream turbine
US10260366B2 (en) Sealing device and turbo machine
US3804335A (en) Vaneless supersonic nozzle
US5245821A (en) Stator to rotor flow inducer
US4445816A (en) Supersonic compressor with improved operation range
GB2081392A (en) Turbomachine seal
GB712051A (en) Improvements in or relating to axial-flow fluid machines
US4948333A (en) Axial-flow turbine with a radial/axial first stage
US3861821A (en) Device for producing angular momentum in a flow of working fluid upstream of the first rotor blade of an axial-flow turbomachine
US4435123A (en) Cooling system for turbines
US6264425B1 (en) Fluid-flow machine for compressing or expanding a compressible medium
GB1387480A (en) Energy transfer machine
GB1301002A (en) Improvements relating to fluid-flow machines
US5997249A (en) Turbine, in particular steam turbine, and turbine blade
USRE29128E (en) Vaneless supersonic nozzle
US3869220A (en) Rotary machines
US2514039A (en) Fluid pressure turbine
US2834534A (en) Centrifugal air compressor control device