US3860462A - Propellant composition of the nitrocellulose type containing non lead-containing ballistic modifiers - Google Patents
Propellant composition of the nitrocellulose type containing non lead-containing ballistic modifiers Download PDFInfo
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- US3860462A US3860462A US014822A US1482270A US3860462A US 3860462 A US3860462 A US 3860462A US 014822 A US014822 A US 014822A US 1482270 A US1482270 A US 1482270A US 3860462 A US3860462 A US 3860462A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/007—Ballistic modifiers, burning rate catalysts, burning rate depressing agents, e.g. for gas generating
Definitions
- the lead based ballistic modifiers although very acceptable for their function in producing plateauburning characteristics, do constitute a significant source of smoke which causes visual interference in line-of-sight unguided, direct-fire guided weapons.
- the amounts of smoke which in past times were considered tolerable are proving a severe handicap because of target obscuration.
- the lead oxides present in exhaust gases from propellant are easily observed against certain backgrounds because of their white or bluish-white color.
- the object of this invention is to provide non-leadcontaining ballistic modifying means which are suitable replacements for commonly used, lead based ballistic modifiers.
- Another object is to provide propellant compositions with minimum smokelessness.
- Organometallic salts of lanthanum, hafnium, tantalum, and barium are used to replace lead salts, such as, lead-beta-resorcylate, and lead salicylate, in solid propellants of the nitrocellulosic type composition.
- Oxides of the specified metals may be used to replace the lead oxide in a conventional 30/70 blend of lead oxide and stannic oxide employed in solid propellants of the nitrocellulosic type composition.
- Barium salicylate and barium beta-resorcylate in equal amounts by weight may be used in solid propellant compositions as a replacement of the like salts containing lead.
- the lead salts are generally employed as ballistic modifiers up to about 5 weight percent of the solid propellant formulations.
- Barium oxide may also be used with stannic oxide in place of lead oxide in solid propellant formulations. Oxides or organometallic compounds of the metals lanthanum, hafnium, and tantalum may be used also in a like manner.
- Butane triol trinitrate 15.0 parts or about 14.9 percent by weight olthe propellant composition.
- Z-nitmdiphenylamine 0.4 parts or about 0.4 percent by weight of the -propellant composition.
- the nitrocellulosic propellant (Novel B) set forth above contains about 83.9 percent by weight oxidizer plasticizer means, about 10.6 percent by weight nitrocellulose binder-fuel, about 1.1 percent by weight stabilizer, about 0.75 percent by weight cross-linking agent, and about 3.7 percent by weight of metallic oxide ballistic modifying means.
- the metal containing ballistic modifying means in Novel A and Novel B propellant is less by weight since the substitution is made on a mole for mole basis. Therefore, the weight percent of each other ingredient in the propellant formulations increases accordingly, and the weight percent of the metal containing ballistic modifying means wherein lead has been replaced decreases for the reason stated.
- nitrocellulosic propellants of this invention employ oxidizer-plasticizer means in amounts from about 36 to about 84 percent by weight of the propellant, ni-
- trocellulose binder-fuel in amounts from about 10 to about 50 percent by weight of the propellant
- stabilizer in amounts from about 1 to about 2 percent by weight of the propellant
- ballistic modifying means in amounts from about 2 to about 5 percent by weight of the propellant
- cross-linking agent in amounts from about 0.75 to about 8 percent by weight of the propellant.
- the formulations of Table II illustrate how barium oxide is used to replace lead oxide in the blended oxide containing lead and stannic oxides.
- the oxides or the organometallic salts of lanthanum, hafnium, and tantalum may be used to replace the lead compounds which are employed as ballistic modifying
- the directions for preparing the representative organometallic compounds are set forth below using the organobarium compounds as examples.
- organometallic compounds of lanthanum, hafnium, and tantalum may be prepared by using the equivalent mole quantities of the respective metal salts of the desired organometallic compound to be prepared.
- Beta-resorcinol (0.03 moles, 3.3 gms.) was dissolved in water (270 ml) by means of vigorous agitation. The reaction mixture was heated to 90C, and the barium hydroxide, previously prepared was introduced in small portions. Agitation at 90C was continued for 3 hours. The basic barium salt was washed once by decantation and again on the filter with alcohol. The residue was dried in a vacuum desiccator using anhydrous calcium chloride as the desiccant.
- Burning rate data and transmissibility data are set forth in Table III below.
- the burning rate data was obtained on uncured propellant slurries on S-gm batches.
- the uncured propellant was burned in a micro-window bomb under mitrogen.
- the slurries were prepared by means of a high speed mixer and .degassed before loading in plastic straws (0.155 to 0.157 in. diameter). The straws were burned at two pressures and duplicate determinations were made at each pressure.-
- barium salts in identical propellant slurries show the barium salts to be as effective as the lead salts at pressures ranging from 750 psi to 1250 psi on a mole-percent basis and to produce exhaust products of considerably greater transmissibility.
- Table III sets forth burning rates and transmissibility measurements for the propellants, Control (A) and Novel (A) of Table I hereinabove.
- the nitrocellulosic variety of propellants are comprised of a stabilizer such as 2- nitrodiphenylamine and resorcinol, an oxidizer plasticizer means such as nitroglycerine, triethylene glycol dinitrate, butanetriol trinitrate, and trimethylenetrinitramine, nitrocellulose binder fuel, a cross-linking agent such as toluene diisocyanate, or triacetin, and selected ballistic modifying means for specific functions.
- a propellant composition classified as a smokeless type propellant of the nitrocellulosic variety employing ballistic additives the improvement in smokelessness of said propellant composition achieved by employing ballistic additives in the form of metallic compounds in said composition, said metallic compounds being selected from the group consisting of organometallic salts of lanthanum, hafnium, tantalum, and barium and oxides of lanthanum, hafnium, tantalum, and barium.
- a propellant composition of the type specified in claim 1 and wherein said metallic compounds selected are barium oxides, BaO or BaO which are employed in a 30/70 ratio with stannic oxide, and which are employed in amounts up to about 5 weight percent of said composition.
- a nitrocellulosic propellant comprised of oxidizerplasticizer means selected from nitroglycerine, triethylene glycol dinitrate, butane trio] trinitrate, and trimethylenetrinitramine, nitrocellulose binder-fuel, a crosslinking agent selected from toluene diisocyanate and triacetin, a stabilizer selected from 2- nitrodiphenylamine and resorcinol, and ballistic modifying means selected from the metallic compounds consisting of organometallic salts of the metals lanthanum, hafnium, tantalum, and barium, and oxides of said metals.
- nitrocellulosic propellant of claim 4 and wherein said oxidizerplasticizer means is used in amounts from about 36 to about 84 percent by weight of said propellant, said nitrocellulose binder-fuel is used in amounts from about to about 50 percent by weight of said propellant, said stabilizer is used in amounts from about 1 to about 2 percent by weight of said propellant, said ballistic modifying means is used in amounts from about 2 to about 5 percent by weight of said propellant, and said cross-linking agent is used in amounts from about 0.75 to about 8 percent by weight of said propellant.
- oxidizer-plasticizer means are comprised of triethylene glycol dinitrate in an amount of about 28.4 percent by weight of said propellant, butane triol trinitrate in an amount of about 14.9 percent by weight of said propellant, trimethylenetrinitramine in an amount of about 39.6 percent by weight of said propellant, and nitroglycerine in an amount of about 1.0 percent by weight of said propellant
- said nitrocellulose binder-fuel is nitrocellulose which :is used in an amount of about 10.6 percent by weight of said propellant
- said stabilizer is comprised of resorcinol in an amount of about 0.50 percent by weight of said propellant and 2.- nitrodiphenylamine in an amount of 0.6 percent by weight of said propellant
- said cross-linking agent is toluene diisocyanate in an amount of about 0.75 percent by weight of said propellant
- said ballistic modifying means is comprised of a 30/70 blend of bar
Abstract
Barium salicylate and/or other organobarium salts, barium oxide, and organometallic salts of lanthanum, hafnium, and tantalum and oxides of the same are used as ballistic modifying means for solid propellants. The specific ballistic modifying means can be used as replacements for the lead, copper, etc., compounds currently employed as ballistic modifiers in solid propellants. The propellants containing the specified ballistic modifying means retain the highly desirable plateau-burning characteristics, pressure exponents, and temperature coefficients but are particularly attractive because they produce considerably less smoke during the burning thereof.
Description
United States Patent Sayles Jan. 14, 1975 [5 4] PROPELLANT COMPOSITION OF THE NITROCELLULOSE TYPE CONTAINING NON LEAD-CONTAINING BALLISTIC MODIFIERS Inventor: David C. Sayles, Huntsville, Ala.
Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army, Washington, DC.
Filed: Feb. 9, 1970 Appl. No.: 14,822
US. Cl 149/l9.8, 149/92, 149/98, 149/100 Int. Cl C06b 3/02 Field of Search 149/19, 20, 38, 100, 92, 149/94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 19.8
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,138,499 6/1964 Camp et a1. 149/38 3,228,338 1/1966 McEwan et all... 3,228,815 l/l966 Henry et a1. [49/98 [57] ABSTRACT Barium salicylate and/or other organobarium salts, barium oxide, and organometallic salts of lanthanum, hafnium, and tantalum and oxides of the same are used as ballistic modifying means for solid propellants. The specific ballistic modifying means can be used as replacements for the lead, copper, etc., compounds currently employed as ballistic modifiers in solid propellants. The propellants containing the specified ballistic modifying means retain the highly desirable plateau-burning characteristics, pressure exponents, and temperature coefficients but are particularly attractive because they produce considerably less smoke during the burning thereof.
7 Claims, N0 Drawings NON LEAD-CONTAINING 'BALLISTIC MODIFI'ERS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Lead based compounds have-been utilized in propellant formulations to provide a number of desirable ballistic effects. One such very desirable ballistic effect is to provide stable burning of the propellant over a time period to yield a relative constant volume of discharged gases from the burning propellant which is independent of the pressure. The described phenomenon is commonly referred to as mesa or plateau-burning.
The lead based ballistic modifiers, although very acceptable for their function in producing plateauburning characteristics, do constitute a significant source of smoke which causes visual interference in line-of-sight unguided, direct-fire guided weapons. The amounts of smoke which in past times were considered tolerable are proving a severe handicap because of target obscuration. In particular, the lead oxides present in exhaust gases from propellant are easily observed against certain backgrounds because of their white or bluish-white color.
Thus, a need exists for ballistic modifying means which produce markedly less smoke while at the same time maintain the highly desirable plateau-burning characteristics, pressure exponents, and temperature coefficients.
The object of this invention is to provide non-leadcontaining ballistic modifying means which are suitable replacements for commonly used, lead based ballistic modifiers.
Another object is to provide propellant compositions with minimum smokelessness.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Organometallic salts of lanthanum, hafnium, tantalum, and barium are used to replace lead salts, such as, lead-beta-resorcylate, and lead salicylate, in solid propellants of the nitrocellulosic type composition. Oxides of the specified metals may be used to replace the lead oxide in a conventional 30/70 blend of lead oxide and stannic oxide employed in solid propellants of the nitrocellulosic type composition.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Barium salicylate and barium beta-resorcylate in equal amounts by weight may be used in solid propellant compositions as a replacement of the like salts containing lead. The lead salts are generally employed as ballistic modifiers up to about 5 weight percent of the solid propellant formulations. Barium oxide may also be used with stannic oxide in place of lead oxide in solid propellant formulations. Oxides or organometallic compounds of the metals lanthanum, hafnium, and tantalum may be used also in a like manner.
Table I and Table II, below, set forth formulations wherein lead salts have been replaced with the barium salts listed therein. Inasmuch as the lead compounds contribute an amount of smoke which is about equal to or somewhat greater than that of the double-base matrix, a significant amount of smoke reduction results from the replacement of lead compounds with barium, lanthanum, hafnium, or tantalum compounds.
TABLE 'I PROPEIiLANT FORMULATION By Weight INGREDIENT Lead- Non-Lead Containing Containing Control (A) Novel (A) Nitrocellulose 49.9 50.25 Nitroglycerine 36.4 36.66 Triacetin 8.0 8.06 2-nitrodiphenylamine 1.7 l .7 1 Lead salicylate 2.0 Lead-betwresorcylate 2 0 Barium salicylate [.66 Barium beta-resorcylate l.66
TOTALS 1000 I000 TABLE II PROPELLANT FORMULATION By Weight INGREDIENT Lead- Non-Lead Containing Containing Control (B) Novel (B) Casting Power* ll.75 l L79 Casting Solvent* 43.56 43.68 Trimethylenctrinitramine 39.52 39.63 30/70 Pb O /SnO 3.94 Toluene diisocyanate 0.74 0.75 Resorcinol 0.49 0.50 30/70 BaO/SnO or BaO /SnO, 3.65 TOTALS l00.00 l00.00
**Triethylene glycol dinitrate 28.7 parts or about 28.4 percent by weight of the propellant composition.
Butane triol trinitrate 15.0 parts or about 14.9 percent by weight olthe propellant composition.
Z-nitmdiphenylamine 0.4 parts or about 0.4 percent by weight of the -propellant composition.
The nitrocellulosic propellant (Novel B) set forth above contains about 83.9 percent by weight oxidizer plasticizer means, about 10.6 percent by weight nitrocellulose binder-fuel, about 1.1 percent by weight stabilizer, about 0.75 percent by weight cross-linking agent, and about 3.7 percent by weight of metallic oxide ballistic modifying means.
The metal containing ballistic modifying means in Novel A and Novel B propellant is less by weight since the substitution is made on a mole for mole basis. Therefore, the weight percent of each other ingredient in the propellant formulations increases accordingly, and the weight percent of the metal containing ballistic modifying means wherein lead has been replaced decreases for the reason stated.
The nitrocellulosic propellants of this invention employ oxidizer-plasticizer means in amounts from about 36 to about 84 percent by weight of the propellant, ni-
trocellulose binder-fuel in amounts from about 10 to about 50 percent by weight of the propellant, stabilizer in amounts from about 1 to about 2 percent by weight of the propellant, ballistic modifying means in amounts from about 2 to about 5 percent by weight of the propellant, and cross-linking agent in amounts from about 0.75 to about 8 percent by weight of the propellant.
long as uniformity of mix is assured.
The formulations of Table II illustrate how barium oxide is used to replace lead oxide in the blended oxide containing lead and stannic oxides. Similarly, the oxides or the organometallic salts of lanthanum, hafnium, and tantalum may be used to replace the lead compounds which are employed as ballistic modifying The directions for preparing the representative organometallic compounds are set forth below using the organobarium compounds as examples. Similarly, organometallic compounds of lanthanum, hafnium, and tantalum may be prepared by using the equivalent mole quantities of the respective metal salts of the desired organometallic compound to be prepared.
SYNTHESIS OF BASIC BARIUM BETA-RESORCYLIATE Barium acetate monohydrate (0.05 mole., 12.8 gms) was dissolved in warm water (70 ml), and aqueous sodium hydroxide (0.10 moles, 4.0 gms in 70 ml water) was gradually added with stirring. After settling had occurred, the barium hydroxide was washed by decantation with distilled water several times, and used immediately in the next step of the synthesis.
Beta-resorcinol (0.03 moles, 3.3 gms.) was dissolved in water (270 ml) by means of vigorous agitation. The reaction mixture was heated to 90C, and the barium hydroxide, previously prepared was introduced in small portions. Agitation at 90C was continued for 3 hours. The basic barium salt was washed once by decantation and again on the filter with alcohol. The residue was dried in a vacuum desiccator using anhydrous calcium chloride as the desiccant.
SYNTHESIS OF BARIUM SALICYLATE To prepare barium salicylate, the same procedure for the preparation of barium hydroxide, as described above, was used. Salicylic acid (0.06 moles, 8.3 gms) was dissolved in water (300 ml) with agitation. The reaction mixture was heated to 70C, and the barium hydroxide, previously prepared, was introduced in small portions. After the addition was complete, the reaction mixture was maintained at 70C, and stirred an additional hour. The barium disalicylate salt was washed by decantation, then filtered and washed with alcohol. The residue was dried in a vacuum desiccator using anhydrous calcium chloride as the desiccant.
Burning rate data and transmissibility data are set forth in Table III below. The burning rate data was obtained on uncured propellant slurries on S-gm batches. The uncured propellant was burned in a micro-window bomb under mitrogen. The slurries were prepared by means of a high speed mixer and .degassed before loading in plastic straws (0.155 to 0.157 in. diameter). The straws were burned at two pressures and duplicate determinations were made at each pressure.-
A comparison of barium and lead salts in identical propellant slurries show the barium salts to be as effective as the lead salts at pressures ranging from 750 psi to 1250 psi on a mole-percent basis and to produce exhaust products of considerably greater transmissibility.
Table III below sets forth burning rates and transmissibility measurements for the propellants, Control (A) and Novel (A) of Table I hereinabove.
TABLE III COMPARISON OF PROPELLANTS CONTAINING DIFFERENT ORGANO-METALLIC SALTS Control Novel Burning- Rate (at 750 psi) (ips) 0.63 0.66 (at 1000 psi) (ips) 0.80 0.70 (at 1250 psi) (ips) 0.83 0.82 Transmissibility... -30 56 Typically, the nitrocellulosic variety of propellants, Examples I and II, are comprised of a stabilizer such as 2- nitrodiphenylamine and resorcinol, an oxidizer plasticizer means such as nitroglycerine, triethylene glycol dinitrate, butanetriol trinitrate, and trimethylenetrinitramine, nitrocellulose binder fuel, a cross-linking agent such as toluene diisocyanate, or triacetin, and selected ballistic modifying means for specific functions.
The smokeless variety of propellants which contain lead salts have been acceptable under certain environments and backgrounds: however, the lead oxides in the exhaust gases contribute a white or bluish-white appearance which is to be avoided under more rigid requirements and controls. Thus, the metallic compounds used as lead compound replacements in accordance with this invention are very attractive where a higher degree of smokelessness is required for present day military tactical weaponry.
I claim:
1. In a propellant composition classified as a smokeless type propellant of the nitrocellulosic variety employing ballistic additives, the improvement in smokelessness of said propellant composition achieved by employing ballistic additives in the form of metallic compounds in said composition, said metallic compounds being selected from the group consisting of organometallic salts of lanthanum, hafnium, tantalum, and barium and oxides of lanthanum, hafnium, tantalum, and barium.
2. In a propellant composition of the type specified in claim 1 and wherein said metallic compounds selected are barium salicylate and barium betaresorcylate in equal amounts up to about 5 weight percent of said composition.
3. In a propellant composition of the type specified in claim 1 and wherein said metallic compounds selected are barium oxides, BaO or BaO which are employed in a 30/70 ratio with stannic oxide, and which are employed in amounts up to about 5 weight percent of said composition.
4. A nitrocellulosic propellant comprised of oxidizerplasticizer means selected from nitroglycerine, triethylene glycol dinitrate, butane trio] trinitrate, and trimethylenetrinitramine, nitrocellulose binder-fuel, a crosslinking agent selected from toluene diisocyanate and triacetin, a stabilizer selected from 2- nitrodiphenylamine and resorcinol, and ballistic modifying means selected from the metallic compounds consisting of organometallic salts of the metals lanthanum, hafnium, tantalum, and barium, and oxides of said metals.
5. The nitrocellulosic propellant of claim 4 and wherein said oxidizerplasticizer means is used in amounts from about 36 to about 84 percent by weight of said propellant, said nitrocellulose binder-fuel is used in amounts from about to about 50 percent by weight of said propellant, said stabilizer is used in amounts from about 1 to about 2 percent by weight of said propellant, said ballistic modifying means is used in amounts from about 2 to about 5 percent by weight of said propellant, and said cross-linking agent is used in amounts from about 0.75 to about 8 percent by weight of said propellant.
6. The nitrocellulosic propellant of claim 5 and wherein said oxidizerplasticizer means is nitroglycerine which is used in an amount of about 36.7 percent by weight of said propellant, said nitrocellulose binderfuel is nitrocellulose which is used in an amount of about 50.3 percent by weight of said propellant, said stabilizer is 2-nitrodiphenylamine which is used in an amount of about 1.7 percent by weight of said propellant, said cross-linking agent is triacetin which is used in an amount of about 8 percent by weight of said propellant, and said ballistic modifying means are barium salicylate and barium beta-resorcylate which are each used in amounts of about 1.66 percent by weight of said propellant.
7. The nitrocellulosic propellant of claim 5 and wherein said oxidizer-plasticizer means are comprised of triethylene glycol dinitrate in an amount of about 28.4 percent by weight of said propellant, butane triol trinitrate in an amount of about 14.9 percent by weight of said propellant, trimethylenetrinitramine in an amount of about 39.6 percent by weight of said propellant, and nitroglycerine in an amount of about 1.0 percent by weight of said propellant, said nitrocellulose binder-fuel is nitrocellulose which :is used in an amount of about 10.6 percent by weight of said propellant, said stabilizer is comprised of resorcinol in an amount of about 0.50 percent by weight of said propellant and 2.- nitrodiphenylamine in an amount of 0.6 percent by weight of said propellant, said cross-linking agent is toluene diisocyanate in an amount of about 0.75 percent by weight of said propellant, and said ballistic modifying means is comprised of a 30/70 blend of barium oxide and stannic oxide which is used in an amount of about 3.7 percent by weight of said propellant.
Claims (6)
- 2. In a propellant composition of the type specified in claim 1 and wherein said metallic compounds selected are barium salicylate and barium beta-resorcylate in equal amounts up to about 5 weight percent of said composition.
- 3. In a propellant composition of the type specified in claim 1 and wherein said metallic compounds selected are barium oxides, BaO or BaO2, which are employed in a 30/70 ratio with stannic oxide, and which are employed in amounts up to about 5 weight percent of said composition.
- 4. A nitrocellulosic propellant comprised of oxidizer-plasticizer means selected from nitroglycerine, triethylene glycol dinitrate, butane triol trinitrate, and trimethylenetrinitramine, nitrocellulose binder-fuel, a cross-linking agent selected from toluene diisocyanate and triacetin, a stabilizer selected from 2-nitrodiphenylamine and resorcinol, and ballistic modifying means selected from the metallic compounds consisting of organometallic salts of the metals lanthanum, hafnium, tantalum, and barium, and oxides of said metals.
- 5. The nitrocellulosic propellant of claim 4 and wherein said oxidizerplasticizer means is used in amounts from about 36 to about 84 percent by weight of said propellant, said nitrocellulose binder-fuel is used in amounts from about 10 to about 50 percent by weight of said propellant, said stabilizer is used in amounts from about 1 to about 2 percent by weight of said propellant, said ballistic modifying means is used in amounts from about 2 to about 5 percent by weight of said propellant, and said cross-linking agent is used in amounts from about 0.75 to about 8 percent by weight of said propellant.
- 6. The nitrocellulosic propellant of claim 5 and wherein said oxidizerplasticizer means is nitroglycerine which is used in an amount of about 36.7 percent by weight of said propellant, said nitrocellulose binder-fuel is nitrocellulose which is used in an amount of about 50.3 percent by weight of said propellant, said stabilizer is 2-nitrodiphenylamine which is used in an amount of about 1.7 percent by weight of said propellant, said cross-linking agent is triacetin which is used in an amount of about 8 percent by weight of said propellant, and said ballistic modifying means are barium salicylate and barium beta-resorcylate which are each used in amounts of about 1.66 percent by weight of said propellant.
- 7. The nitrocellulosic propellant of claim 5 and wherein said oxidizer-plasticizer means are comprised of triethylene glycol dinitrate in an amount of about 28.4 percent by weight of said propellant, butane triol trinitrate in an amount of about 14.9 percent by weight of said propellant, trimethylenetrinitramine in an amount of about 39.6 percent by weight of said propellant, and nitroglycerine in an amount of about 1.0 percent by weight of said propellant, said nitrocellUlose binder-fuel is nitrocellulose which is used in an amount of about 10.6 percent by weight of said propellant, said stabilizer is comprised of resorcinol in an amount of about 0.50 percent by weight of said propellant and 2-nitrodiphenylamine in an amount of 0.6 percent by weight of said propellant, said cross-linking agent is toluene diisocyanate in an amount of about 0.75 percent by weight of said propellant, and said ballistic modifying means is comprised of a 30/70 blend of barium oxide and stannic oxide which is used in an amount of about 3.7 percent by weight of said propellant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US014822A US3860462A (en) | 1970-02-09 | 1970-02-09 | Propellant composition of the nitrocellulose type containing non lead-containing ballistic modifiers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US014822A US3860462A (en) | 1970-02-09 | 1970-02-09 | Propellant composition of the nitrocellulose type containing non lead-containing ballistic modifiers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3860462A true US3860462A (en) | 1975-01-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US014822A Expired - Lifetime US3860462A (en) | 1970-02-09 | 1970-02-09 | Propellant composition of the nitrocellulose type containing non lead-containing ballistic modifiers |
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Cited By (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4000025A (en) * | 1974-05-28 | 1976-12-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Incorporating ballistic modifiers in slurry cast double base containing compositions |
| EP0002466A2 (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1979-06-27 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Process for improving the pressure dependence of the combustion of solid-grains or firearms propellants, and their application as components of solid-grains or firearms propellants |
| US5254186A (en) * | 1986-07-15 | 1993-10-19 | Royal Ordnance Plc | Nitrocellulose propellant composition |
| US5372664A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1994-12-13 | Thiokol Corporation | Castable double base propellant containing ultra fine carbon fiber as a ballistic modifier |
| FR2723087A1 (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1996-02-02 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Synthesis of lead-copper cpd. of 2,4-di:hydroxy-benzoic acid for ballistic modifier in double base propergol solids |
| FR2727401A1 (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1996-05-31 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | COMPOSITIONS MODIFYING BALLISTIC PROPERTIES AND PROPERGOLS CONTAINING SUCH COMPOSITIONS |
| US20090151825A1 (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2009-06-18 | Cheddite France | Ignition Composition and Applications |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4000025A (en) * | 1974-05-28 | 1976-12-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Incorporating ballistic modifiers in slurry cast double base containing compositions |
| EP0002466A2 (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1979-06-27 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Förderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Process for improving the pressure dependence of the combustion of solid-grains or firearms propellants, and their application as components of solid-grains or firearms propellants |
| EP0002466A3 (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1979-08-08 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Forderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Process for improving the pressure dependence of the combustion of solid-grains or firearms propellants, and their application as components of solid-grains or firearms propellants |
| US5254186A (en) * | 1986-07-15 | 1993-10-19 | Royal Ordnance Plc | Nitrocellulose propellant composition |
| FR2723087A1 (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1996-02-02 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Synthesis of lead-copper cpd. of 2,4-di:hydroxy-benzoic acid for ballistic modifier in double base propergol solids |
| US5372664A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1994-12-13 | Thiokol Corporation | Castable double base propellant containing ultra fine carbon fiber as a ballistic modifier |
| FR2727401A1 (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1996-05-31 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | COMPOSITIONS MODIFYING BALLISTIC PROPERTIES AND PROPERGOLS CONTAINING SUCH COMPOSITIONS |
| US5639987A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1997-06-17 | Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs | Compositions modifying ballistic properties and propellants containing such compositions |
| US20090151825A1 (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2009-06-18 | Cheddite France | Ignition Composition and Applications |
| US8052813B2 (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2011-11-08 | Cheddite France | Ignition composition and applications |
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