US3857659A

US3857659A - Seed containing pellet forming equipment

Info

Publication number: US3857659A
Application number: US00415794A
Authority: US
Inventors: P Knapp
Original assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: 3M Co
Priority date: 1969-09-04
Filing date: 1973-11-14
Publication date: 1974-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 1991-12-31

Abstract

A seed containing pellet forming equipment for automatically removing a single seed at a time from a mass of seeds and depositing such seed into a mold cavity which previously had been loaded with a charge of pellet forming material and after the seed is deposited onto such charge, loading a second charge of such material into the cavity and then compressing the contents of the cavity to form such pellet.

Description

[ 5] Dec. 31, 1974 United States Patent Knapp 1 SEED CONTAINING PELLET FORMING EQUIPMENT 7/1960 Doepel et a1. 9/1961 7/1963 Frank......

[] Inventor: Philip B. Knapp, Lynbrook, NY. [73] Assignee: Minnesota Mining 81. Manufacturing Rudski 10/1966 Cohn 3,318,265 5/1967 c0., St. Paul, Minn.

Winters.......

425/128 X 425/352 X Clifford...................

e n S n "S m na d or .JBA 1.1! 677 999 H 2 2 609 335 756 333 3 7 9 l 4 4 9 J J v 6 m N 4 o N u m. p F A 2 l 2 2 r1 1 Related US. Application Data Division of Ser. No. 164,748, Jul 3,775,034, which is a division Sept. 4, 1969, Pat. No. 3

' 197] gg' Primary Examiner -J. Howard Flint, Jr.

f Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Alexander, Sell, Steldt &

DeLal-lunt y 21 of Ser. No. 855 ,640,428.

ABSTRACT A seed containing pellet forming e 425/344 A0lc 1/06, B30b 11/12 Field of Search [51] Int. I quipment for auto- 425/128, matically removing a single seed at a time from a mass 125/261, of seeds and depositing such seed into a mold cavity rge of which previously had been loaded with a cha [56] References C'ted pellet forming material and after the seed is deposited UNITED STATES PATENTS onto such charge, loading a second charge of such ma- 1,345,208 6/1920 Majewski............................ 425/345 terial into the Cavity and then Compressing the 2,234,604 tents of the cavity to form such pellet.

14 Claims, 36 Drawing Figures 2,700,938 2/1955 Wolffet a1......... 2,735,380 2/1956 PATENTEB BEDS 1 I974 SHEEI OlBF 15 PATENTEDBEB31 3.857. 659

SHEET 02 0F 15 MPH All??? I:

48 i T 52] 55 M 3 11 3 PATENTEI] 05031 I914 SHEET UBUF 15 PATENIEI] EH23 1 I974 SHEET OHUF15 PATENTED 1 3.857, 658

' SHEEI OSOF 15 PATENTED UECE 1 I974 SHEET UEGF 15 PATENTEUUEBBHW 3.857.659

SHEET CSDF 15 PATENTED 1 1974 3, 857. 659

sum 110F15 PATENTED 1 I974 3, 857. 659

SHEET 120F15 PATENTEDUEE31 1814 3.857. 659 SHEET 1 3 OF 15 This application is a division of co-pending application Ser. No. 164,748, filed July 21, 1971, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,775,034, which is, in turn, a division of Ser. No. 855,289, filed Sept. 4, 1969, which is now U.S. Pat. No. 3,640,428, patented Feb. 8, 1972.

As conductive to an understanding of the invention, it is noted that due to the delicate nature of seeds which are planted for the growth of vegetable and flower crops and due to their small size and irregular shape, it is difficult individually to take a single seed and insert the same into a depression or cavity in the ground located at desired intervals. Moreover, where a large area is to be planted the cost of handling individual seeds would be prohibitive and commercially unfeasible.

As a result, seeds normally have been inserted into the ground either manually, or by automatic planters which will feed a plurality of seeds into each hole in the ground which is then covered. This method of planting results in the presence of several seeds in each hole with subsequent need to thin out the resultant growth promptly after emergence from the ground in order to provide desired growth conditions. This is necessary in order that each planted region only contain a desired number of seeds to insure that there will be proper nutrition given to each of the subsequent growths by reason of the nutrients contained in the ground and the water availability and in addition if several seeds have been planted in the same hole, unless the growth from all but one of the seed is removed, there normally will be a tendency for the multiplicity of growths to interfere with their proper development.

Where, to facilitate handling of the seeds, in order to permit the planting of a single seed at a time in each hole, a seed cell or pellet is-provided, such as shown and described in copending application Ser. No. 781,014, and now abandoned and refiled as continuation-in-part application Ser. No. 121,882, filed Mar. 8, 1971, which is now U.S. Pat. No. 3,690,034, and which comprises a casing of suitable material encompassing the seed cell to protect the latter and permit handling thereof either manually or by automatic planting equipment so that a single seed can be planted in an individual hole, due to the delicate nature of the seed, manual handling thereof to form the pellet, unless clone extremely carefully, would cause injury to the seed with resultant failure of the latter to grow.

In view of the fact that even to plant a relative small area, thousands of seed cells or pellets would have to be planted, more particularly in a typical example of lettuce seeds, aminimum of 26,000 seeds would have to be planted to an acre, it is apparent that manually to form seed cells or pellets each containing an individual seed would be so prohibitive in cost as to have no commercial value.

It isaccordingly among the objects of the invention to provide .an equipment for automatically forming seed cells or pellets each containing a single seed.

Another object of the invention is to provide an equipment which automatically removes one seed at a time from a mass of seeds without likelihood of injury to such seed and which will thereupon form seed cells or pellets, each containing a single seed, which equipment will operate at a relatively high rate of speed and is not likely to be deranged even after long use.

Another object of the invention is to provide an equipment of the above type in which a pellet will be formed without likelihood of excessive pressure being applied to-the seed contained therein.

Still another object of the invention is to provide equipment of the above type in which accurate selection will be made between those pellets in which seeds have properly been located and those pellets in which no seeds have been placed.

SUMMARY OF THE lNVENTlON According to the invention, a mass of seeds are transported by a conveyor belt while simultaneously with the movement of such belt a plurality of seed pickup devices in the form of nozzles are advanced in substantially the same path of movement as the conveyor so that the nozzles will move into the mass of seeds carried by'the conveyor, the nozzles being conformed so that. when suction is applied to the nozzles, each nozzle will remove a single seed from the conveyor. Thereupon, the nozzles are successively advanced to a seed discharge station where air pressure is applied to the nozzle to eject the seed carried thereby to a pellet forming device. The pellet forming device comprises a plurality of mold cavities moving past the discharge station, each of said cavities being adapted to receive a single seed as itis ejected from the associated nozzle. The cavities have opposed plungers associated therewith, one of which forms the floor of the cavity. As the cavities advance, means are provided successively to load the latter with a charge of material from which the bottom layer of the pellet is formed and after the seed has been deposited on such bottom layer, load the cavity with a charge of material from which the top layer of the pellet is formed. With further advance of each of the cavities, the plungers are brought together to compress the material charged into each cavity to form a pellet, the compression being greatest at the periphery of the pellet so that the seed located in the center thereof will not be subjected to excessive pressures.

According to one feature of the invention, each of the layers of material charged into the cavity to form the bottom and top layers of the pellet is itself formed from two separate and distinct materials which are suc cessively charged into the cavity so that the pellet is actually formed from four layers. Thus, the two innermost layers in which the seed will be embedded are formed from material which provides a cushioning effect thereby further to protect the delicate seed and the two outer layers are formed from materials which promite the initial growth of the seed.

With continued movement of the cavities and the pellets formed therein, the'pellets will be advanced to a discharge station where they are successively ejected from the cavities into suitable containers. Since there is a possibility that the pickup nozzles may not have properly removed a seed from the mass, so that no seed would be discharged into an associated cavity, means are provided to detect those pellets which are ejectedfrom the pellet discharge station in which no seed has been positioned. To this end, the equipment has detection means associated with the seed discharge station which will sense whether or not a seed is being expelled into an associated cavity and through appropriate memory circuits, if no seed has been expelled, when the associated pellet reaches the pellet discharge station it will be diverted into a reject container.

In the accompanying drawings in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of the several features of the invention,

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the equipment;

FIG. 2 is a topplan view thereof;

FIG. 3 is a side elevational view thereof taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal view partly in cross section taken alongline 4-4 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary end view with parts broken away, taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a detail sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a detail sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 5; v

FIG. 8 is a sectional view with parts broken away taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 7; a

FIG. 9' is a sectional view taken along line ,9-9 of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 1 1 is a transverse sectional view taken along line 11-11 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 11a is a perspective view of the pickup tube;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line 12-12 ofFIG.1l;

FIG; 13 is a sectional view of an enlarge scale of the control valve showing the latter in the pressure position;

FIG. 14 is a view similar to FIG. 13 showing the valve in the suction position;

FIG. 15 is a longitudinal view partly in cross section taken along line 15-15 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 16 is a diagrammatic perspective view of the pellet forming mechanism;

FIG. 17 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 17-17 of FIG. 15; v

FIG. 18 is a detailed sectional view taken along line 18-18 of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a fragmentary detail sectional view on a greatly enlarged'scale of the pickup nozzle taken along line 19-19 of FIG. 11;

FIG. 20 is a fragmentaryjperspective view on an enlarged scale of the feed hopper for the pellet;

FIG. 21 is a sectional view taken along line 21-21 of FIG. 20;

'FIG. 22 is a fragmentary side elevational view of a portion of the pellet discharge station;

FIG. 23 is a side elevational view partly in cross section of the pellet distributing unit taken along line 23-23 of FIG. 15;

FIG. 24 is a detail sectional view taken along line 24-24 of FIG. 22;

FIG. 25 is a sectional view taken along line 25-25 of FIG. 15;

FIG. 26 is afragmentary perspective view of the pellet discharge station;

FIG, 27 and FIG. 270 are diagrammatic views of the control circuit for the pellet discharge station;

FIG. 28 is a perspective view of the pellet or seed cell made according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 29 is a transversel sectional view taken along line 29-29 of FIG. 28, and 7 FIGS. 30a to 30c are diagrammatic view illustrating the steps in forming the pellet.

Referring now to the drawings, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the equipment comprises a frame 31 including plane as a strut 41 secured at one end to one of the legs 42 of support 34 and supported at its other end by vertical strut 43 rising from base 32. A strut 44 extending transversely between the

legs

38 and 45 of

supports

33, 34 serves to maintain the'latter in spaced parallel relationship.

I The frame above described mounts the various elements of the equipment which will now be described in detail.

SEED PICKUP ASSEMBLY In order to mount the pickup assembly 40, a pair of brackets 46, 47 (FIG. 1) are provided, rising from the

top surfaces

35, 36 of each of the

sidesupports

33, 34. v

Mounted on said brackets are

clamp blocks

48, 49

which rigidly support a hollow shaft 50 extending transversely across the frame 31.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 11, the ends of shaft 50 extend beyond an associated

clamp block

48, 49 and a vacuum or suction line 51 is connected to one end of shaft 50 and a pressure line 52 is connected to the other end of the shaft.

As shown in FIG. 11, a plug 53 is positioned in the center of shaft 50 to divide the latter into a vacuum chamber 54 and a pressure chamber 55. In order to insure that a seal is maintained between the chambers 54, 55, the plug 53 has a circumferential groove 56 in its periphery which is aligned with an opening 57 in shaft 50 and with an opening 58 in a sleeve 59 encompassing the mid-portion of shaft 50.

The sleeve 59 is secured to the hollow shaft 50 and to plug 53 by a set screw 61 which locks the parts in fixed position. Before inserting the set screw 61, a sealant is forced through aligned

openings

57, 58 into groove 56 to fill the latter, effectively to form a seal between the chambers 54, 55.

Encompassing the sleeve 59 and positioned between spaced annular ribs 64, preferably formedintegral with the sleeve 59, is a clamp block 62 formed from two substantially identical sections 62a'and 62b. Each of the

sections

62a, 62b has an arcuate recess which, when sleeve 59 therebetween so that the block 62 will be retained in The section 62b of block 62 has an outstanding arm 65, bifurcated at its outer end and rotatably mounting a cam roller 66, the function of which will hereinafter be described.

Referring to FIG. 11, it is to be noted that the end portions 67 of the sleeve 59 define annular supports for the inner race of bearings 68. Encompassing the outer race of each of said bearings 68 is an associated ring member 69 which is secured by a plurality of circumferentially spaced screws 71 to the hub 72 of an associated disc 73. As is clearly shown in FIGS. 4 and 11, each of thediscs 73 has a' peripheral rim 74 connected by a plurality of radial arms 75 to the hub 72.

fixed position with respect to the hollow shaft Also secured to each of the discs 73 on the outer surface thereof and encompassing the hollow shaft 50 are annular members 76, each of the inner peripheries of which has an annular groove 77 in which an annular sealing member 78 is positioned. Each of the sealing members which engages the fixed shaft 50, may be lubricated through an associated passageway 78 extending substantially radially through the annular member 76. As is shown in FIG. 11, the annular members 76 are secured to the associated disc 73 by screws 79.

The annular member 76 serves as the support and closure member for one end of an associated manifold sleeve 81, 81', the other end of. each sleeve beingsupported by'an annular member 82 identical to the annular member 76.

Referring to FIG. 11, it is to be noted that an additional annular member 82 is secured to the end of each of the manifold sleeves 81 by screws 83. Secured to each of said additional annular members 82 is an annular retaining member 84 which encompasses the outer race of a bearing 85. The inner race of each of the bearings 85 is supported by the inwardly extending flange 86 of a

retainer member

87, 88, the latter being retained in fixed position on the shaft 50 by retainer rings 89 secured to the shaft by screws '91.

The annular member 84 associated with retainer member 88 is secured to the associated annular 'member 82 by bolts 92. The annular member 84 associated with flange 87 has associated therewith a toothed pulley 93 which is secured in position by bolts 94 which also serve to retain the annular member 84 against member.82.

With the arrangement above described, it is apparent that upon rotation of the pulley 93 in the member hereinafter to be described, the

manifold sleeves

81, 81 as well as the spaced parallel discs 73 will rotate in unison around the fixed shaft 50, such rotation being facilitated by the bearings 68, 85 with the gaskets 78 providing a seal at the ends of each of the manifold sleeves 81, 81'.

As is shown in FIG. 11, the hollow shaft 50 has a plurality of openings 95 which provide communication between the chambers 54, 55 and the

annular chambers

96, 97 defined by the

manifold sleeves

81, 81.

As is clearly shown in FIGS. 1, 5 and 11, for example, a plurality of valves 101 are secured in circumferentially spaced relationship to the outer peripheries ofthe spaced parallel discs 73. More particularly, referring to FIGS. 11 and 13, each of the valves 101 comprises a substantially rectangular block, positioned between the peripheries 74 of discs 73 and secured in position by screws 102. Each of the valves has tapered side walls and extends transversely between the discs, being circumferentially arranged therearound.

Referring to FIG. 13, each of the valves has a bore 103 extending therethrough, the bores of the plurality of valves extending substantially radially of the hollow shaft 50. Each of the bores is of enlarged diameter at the inner end 104 thereof to define a shoulder 105 to receive the flanged end 106 of a bushing 107. The outer end of each of the bores 103 is of reduced diameter as at 108 to define an annular shoulder 109 and the extremity of said reduced diameter portion 108 is internally threaded as at lll to receive the correspondingly threaded end 112 of a nipple 113.

Slidably mounted in the bore 103, is a valve member 114, which is of reduced diameter at its outer end 115,

to define an annular shoulder 116. An 0 ring' 117 encompasses said reduced diameter portion 115, being positioned in an annular groove 118 adjacent shoulder 116. The diameter of said portion is just slightly less than the diameter of portion 108 of bore 103 so that said portion 115 may enter into the reduced diameter portion 108 as shown in FIG. 13 at which time the O ring 117 will provide a seal.

The inner end of valve member 114 is also of reduced diameter to form an elongated stem 121 that extends slidably through the bushing 107 and protrudes beyond the inner end 110 of the valve 101. As is clearly shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the root end of the stem 121 has an annular groove 122 encompassed by an O ring 123, the latter being adapted to abut against the inner end 124 of bushing 107 to define a seal. Secured to the free end 125 of stem 12l by a transverse pin 126, is a cap 127, the latter having an enlarged head 128'. A coil spring 129 encompassing the outer end of the stem, reacts against the head 128 and the end 110 of the valve 101, normally to urge the valve member 114 inwardly toward the hollow shaft 50.

As is shown in FIG. 13, the enlarged diameter portion of the valve member 114 has an annular groove 131 in which an O ring 132 is positioned and the stem 121 also has an annular groove 133 in which an O ring 134 is positioned. A transverse passageway 135 is provided in the stern 114 and is in communication with an axial passageway 136 extending through the valve member.

In the normal position of the valve member 114, shown in FIG. 14, when his in extended positionunder the urging of coil spring 129, the enlarged diameter portion of the valve member 103 is aligned with pressure. port 137 so that the latter is sealed, and the vacuum port 138 is aligned with the reduced diameter portion 115 of the valve member. As a result, the vacuum port 138 will be in communication with reduced diameter bore portion 108 which defines the outlet port of the valve and with the bore 139 of the fitting 113.

In the position shown in FIG. 13, inwhich the valve member has been movedinwardly, in the manner hereinafter to be described, the enlarged diameter portion of the valve member 114 will be aligned with vacuum port 138 to close the latter, the gasket 117 abutting against shoulder 109 to form a seal. In this position the transverse bore 135 is aligned with the pressure port 137 so that air under pressure will flow through transverse passageway 135 and longitudinal passageway 136 into the bore 139 of fitting 113. The

gaskets

134 and 132 will provide a seal as shown in FIG. 13 to prevent communication between the pressure port 137 and the vacuum port 138.

As shown in FIG. 14, the O ring 123 will seat against the end 124 of bushing 107 so that the 0 rings 123 and 132 will cut off communication between the air port 137 and the vacuum port 138.

As is clearly shown in the drawings and particularly FIGS. 11 and 14, the vacuum ports 138 of each of the valves are connected by a line 140 to an associated opening 141 in the manifold sleeve 81. Similarly, the pressure ports 137 are connected through an associated line 142 to an associated opening 143 in the manifold sleeve 81'.

Thus, either vacuum or pressure will be applied to the bore 139 of fitting 113 in the manner hereinafter to be described.

Secured in each of the fittings 113 is one end of a pickup tube 151 which, as is'clearly shown in FIGS. 4, and 11, has a root end 152 which is mounted in the fitting 113 (FIG. 14), an intermediate portion 153 which is displaced substantially transversely from said root end 152 and an end portion 154 which extends in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of said root end 152, said end portion 154 having a pickup portion 155 extending at substantially right angles thereto and having a nozzle 156 (FIG. 19) at its free end.

More particularly, as shown in FIG. 4, the pickup portions 155 are circumferentially aligned with each nozzle 156, being circumferentially spaced from the end 157 of the next preceding adjacent portion 155.

Referring particularly to FIG. 19, in the illustrative embodiment of the invention herein shown, the nozzle 156 comprises a plug 158 retained as by force fit in the end 159 of pickup portion 155. The plug 158 has an axial bore 161 therethrough which is of enlarged diameter at its outer end 162 leading into a frusto-conical cavity 163 .in the outer end of the plug.

Secured to the surface of cavity 163 is a resilient diaphragm 164 which may be of rubber, the diaphragm having a central aperture 165 aligned with axial bore 161. As shown in FIG. 19, the periphery of aperture 165 in the diaphragm extends inwardly beyond'the periphery of the outer edge of enlarged bore portion 162, the diameter of said aperture 165 being slightly less than that of the seed S to be picked up by the nozzle 156.

The function of the nozzle is to pick up oneseed at a time when suction is applied to the bore 161. This operation will be described in greater detail hereinafter.

The valvesl are successively'actuated as the

manifold sleeves

81, 81 and discs 73 are rotated in the manner hereinafter to'be described, by the abutment of the head 128 of cap 127 secured to the end of each of the valve members ll4against the cam roller 66 mounted at the end of the fixed arm 65. More particularly, as the pickup assembly 40 is rotated, and the caps 127 successively abut against the roller 66, the associated valve member 114 will be moved inwardly from the position shown in FIG. 14 in which vacuum is applied to the port 138 and thence through the bore 139 of fitting 113 to the associated feed pickup tube 151, to the position shown in FIG. 13 in which the vacuum port 138 is closed and the pressure port 137 is connected through aligned

passageways

135, 136 to the bore of fitting 113.

The pickup assembly is supplied with seeds by a seed supply assembly now to be described.

SEED SUPPLY ASSEMBLY Referring to FIGS. 1, 4 and 7 to 10 inclusive of the drawings, the seed supply assembly 170 is positioned between the two side supports 33 and 34.

More particularly, the seed supply assembly comprises a chamber 170' consisting of a pair of side plates 171, 172 (FIG. 7) end walls 173, 174 at the upper portion of the housing 170 and downwardly inclined between

walls

175, 176 positioned between the side .

walls

171 and 172 which form a trough. the lower end of which is closed by a transverse block '177 (FIG. 8). The housing 170 is supported at one end on .the transverse strut 44 on a block 44' and at its other end by a transverse strut 60. Y

As shown in FIG. 4, a pair of

toothed pulleys

178, 179 are rotatably mounted between the side walls 171,

' 172 on

shafts

181, 182, the shaft 182 being in a lower plane than shaft 181. Encompassing the

pulleys

178, 179 is a toothed conveyor belt 183, which, as shown in FIG. 6, has a groove 184 that is substantially V-shaped in cross section extending the entire length thereof and defining two parallel elongated reaction surfaces 184' extending parallel to said central groove 184. The portion 180 of the upper run 185 of the conveyor belt 183 between

pulleys

178, 179 is conformed to move in an arc as shown in FIG. 4. To this end, the top edge 186 of each of the

side plates

171, 172 has an arcuate portion and a plurality of rollers 187 extend inwardly from the curved edge 186 as is shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 and said rollers 187 are also in an arcuate path and bear against the reaction surfaces 184' of the conveyor belt 183. As a result of this arrangement it is apparent that upon rotation of the conveyor belt 183 in the manner hereinafter to be described, the upper run 185 of said belt will move in an arcuate path. The pickup portions 155 of the pickup tubes 151 are designed to move into the groove 184 in the conveyor belt 183 with said por- V tions 155 extending longitudinally of said groove to pick up seeds carried by said conveyor belt in the manner hereinafter to be described. Desirably, the rate of movement of said conveyor belt 183 is slightly less than the rate of movement of the pickup assembly to facilitate pickup of the seeds.

The shaft 181, as shown in FIG. 5, mounts a gear 191 which meshses with a drive gear 192 mounted on shaft 193 which-also mounts a pulley 194, the latter being driven by a belt 195 in the manner hereinafter to be described. Thus, upon rotation of pulley 194 and gears 192 and 191, the conveyor belt 183 will be rotated in a counterclockwise direction, referring to FIG. 4.

Means are provided to charge the conveyor belt 183 with the seeds to be encapsulated. v

To this end, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, a feed tube 196 is mounted on the front wall 173 laterally displaced from a window 197, also mounted on said front wall, said feed tube having a funnel 198 at its upper end into which seeds may be poured.

The seeds will drop down the inclined wall 175 of the chamber to the lower end thereof as shown in FIG. 8, for example.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the block 177 at the lower end of the trough defined by the

inclined walls

175, 176 has a tapered top surface 199 leading into a vertical slot 201 which in turn leads into a transverse bore 202. Extending downwardly as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is an air nozzle 203 which is designed to blow a jet of air against the seeds as they fall by' gravity down the side walls 175,176 of the trough so that such seeds will be forced through the vertical slot 201 into the transverse bore 202. Desirably, baffles 205 are provided to deflect any'seeds that may be forced upwardly, to the slot 201.

Secured in one end of theblock 177 is an air line 204 which has a plurality ofnozzles 205' of different length extending into said bore 202. Thus, when air under pressure is forced through line 204 it will entrain the seeds forced into the bore 202 through a feed pipe 206 which has one end secured to the other end of said bore 202.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4 and 7, the feed pipe ex- I tends upwardly from the block 177 into a chamber 207, an air nozzle 208, FIG. 8, being associated with the

Claims

1. Equipment for forming pellets, each containing a seed, said equipment comprising a vertical support plate having an outer cam track and an inner cam track on the inner surface thereof, a disc rotatably mounted on a horizontal axis, said disc extending parallel to and in juxtaposition to said vertical support plate, said disc on the surface thereof adjacent the inner surface of said plate having an annular peripheral flange extending toward said inner surface of said support plate, and an annualr hub on said disc surface of smaller diameter than said annular flange defining an annular space therebetween, the opposed outer periphery of said annular hub and inner periphery of said annular flange having radially aligned bores therethrough, the bores through said hub and said flange being equidistantly spaced, the bores in said hub defining mold cavities, radially aligned pair of plungers slidably mounted in each radially aligned pairs of bores, means operatively connecting the outer ends of each of said pairs of plungers to an associated one of said cam tracks for reciprocation of said plungers as said disc is rotated, each of said mold cavities having a seed feed member associated therewith, each of said seed feed members having an inlet end extending through the outer periphery of said disc and an outlet and extending into the annular space between said flange and said hub and in alignment with the associated mold cavity.

2. The combination set forth in claim 1 in which the outlet end of each of said feed members comprises a flexible tube extending into the space between said hub and said flange.

3. The combination set forth in claim 1 in which the outlet end of each of said feed member comprises a flexible tube extending into the space between said hub and said flange, said flexible tube being in the path of movement of the plunger extending through the bore in said annular flange to be deflected by said plunger upon movement of the latter into the mold cavity.

4. The combination set forth in claim 3 in which resiliently actuated means are provided reaCting against said flexible tube to align the nozzle end of the latter with said mold cavity.

5. The combination set forth in claim 1 in which said plate has an arcuate opening aligned with the space between said annular flange and said annular hub, a deflector member is positioned in said arcuate opening and extends into said annular space, whereby upon outward movement of said plunger to discharge the pellet from said cavity, said pellet will be moved onto said deflector member and means associated with said deflector member to guide the pellet outwardly from said annular space for discharge of said pellet.

6. The combination set forth in claim 5 in which said deflector member is inclined downwardly for movement of the pellet therealong.

7. The combination set forth in claim 5 in which a resilient leaf member extends through the arcuate opening into the space between said annular hub and said annular flange, means supporting said leaf member to retain a portion of the length thereof in juxtaposition to the periphery of the annular hub to restrain outward displacement of the pellets in the mold cavities in such annular hub, said leaf member having one end thereof extending substantially radially outward from the plane of the body of said leaf member, said portion defining said deflector member, whereby when an associated mold cavity is aligned with said deflector member outward movement of the plunger in said mold cavity will force the pellet onto said deflector member for discharge of said pellet through said arcuate opening.

8. The combination set forth in claim 7 in which means are provided resiliently to retain the body of said leaf member in juxtaposition to the periphery of said annular boss.

9. The combination set forth in claim 7 in which a supporting member is provided positioned in said arcuate opening, means rigidly to mount said supporting member to said plate, said leaf member being secured at one end to said supporting member.

10. The combination set forth in claim 5 in which a distributor member is provided comprising a casing rigidly secured to said plate adjacent said arcuate opening therein, said distributor member having an upper end and a lower end and having a mouth at its upper end adjacent the outer edge of said deflector member to receive the pellet therefrom, said distributor member having a pair of passageways therethrough each having an inlet adapted to be operatively connected to the inlet to said distributor member, a gate member controlling said inlets to said passageways, said gate member normally closing one of said inlets, whereby upon movement of said pellet through the inlet of said distributor member it will be deflected by said gate member into the inlet of the other passageway, means to actuate said gate member to open said first passageway, said distributor member having means to guide said pellet through said first passageway when said gate member opens the latter, each of said passageways having an outlet through which the pellet may be discharged.

11. Equipment for forming pellets each containing a seed, said equipment comprising a disc, means rotatably mounting said disc, said disc having a plurality of circumferentially spaced mold cavities, each of said mold cavities having a pair of opposed compression means associated therewith, means to reciprocate said compression means with rotation of said disc, a plurality of feed members carried by said disc, each of said feed members having an inlet extending outwardly from said disc and an outlet aligned with an associated mold cavity, seed feeding means, the inlets of each of said feed means being successively movable into alignment with said seed feeding means upon rotation of said disc, a pair of material storage hoppers positioned respectively on each side of said feeding means, each of said hoppers having an outlet in the path of movement of said mold cavities and adapted to discharge material into said mold cavities as they successively move past said hopper oUtlets as said disc is rotated, and means after said cavities have been charged with such material and such seed, to move the pair of compression means toward each other to compress the material in the associated mold cavity to form said pellet and means after said pellet has been formed to withdraw one of said compression means from said mold cavity and to extend the other of said compression means into said mold cavity to discharge the pellet therefrom.

12. The combination set forth in claim 11 in which said seed feeding means comprises a discharge tube having an outlet, distributor means are provided having an inlet aligned with the cavity from which the pellet is discharged, said distributor means having two discharge outlets, means normally to connect one of said discharge outlets to said inlet and cut off communication between the other discharge outlet and said inlet, and means controlled by the movement of a seed through said discharge tube into the feed means to connect the inlet of said distributor to the other of said discharge outlets.

14. The combination set forth in claim 13 in which a photocell and an opposed source of light therefor are positioned on opposed sides of the path of movement of the seed discharged into said discharge tube before movement of the seed into the mold cavity and circuit means are provided controlled by the interruption of light to said photocell by the moving seed to energize said actuating means.