US3857465A - Elevator control device - Google Patents

Elevator control device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3857465A
US3857465A US00352480A US35248073A US3857465A US 3857465 A US3857465 A US 3857465A US 00352480 A US00352480 A US 00352480A US 35248073 A US35248073 A US 35248073A US 3857465 A US3857465 A US 3857465A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
car
service zone
control device
detecting
floor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00352480A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Matsuzawa
T Ishizuka
T Iwasaka
T Yuminaka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP3863072A external-priority patent/JPS545583B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP4907372A external-priority patent/JPS545579B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP5171872A external-priority patent/JPS5340777B2/ja
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3857465A publication Critical patent/US3857465A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
    • B66B1/2408—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration where the allocation of a call to an elevator car is of importance, i.e. by means of a supervisory or group controller
    • B66B1/2458—For elevator systems with multiple shafts and a single car per shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B3/00—Applications of devices for indicating or signalling operating conditions of elevators
    • B66B3/02—Position or depth indicators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
    • B66B2201/10—Details with respect to the type of call input
    • B66B2201/102—Up or down call input
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
    • B66B2201/20—Details of the evaluation method for the allocation of a call to an elevator car
    • B66B2201/211—Waiting time, i.e. response time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
    • B66B2201/20—Details of the evaluation method for the allocation of a call to an elevator car
    • B66B2201/222—Taking into account the number of passengers present in the elevator car to be allocated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B2201/00—Aspects of control systems of elevators
    • B66B2201/40—Details of the change of control mode
    • B66B2201/403—Details of the change of control mode by real-time traffic data

Definitions

  • an elevator control device in which each car has a service zone, hall calls within which the particular car is capable of answering, which service zone is changeable at any moment according to the changing traffic situation, any hall call generated from a floor being transmitted only to that car the service zone of which includes such a floor.
  • Lest the service zone of a car includes so many floors that it is not certain whether or not the particular car is able to serve the farthest floor included in its service zone in a reasonable time, a maximum length or size of the service zone is predetermined thereby to prevent the car from answering a hall call from an extremely far floor.
  • SHEET 1 1 [1F 1 1 lNl I U INI UA
  • the present invention relates to an elevator control device effectively applied to an elevator system including a multiplicity of elevator cars serving a multiplicity of floors.
  • a hall call generated from a floor is transmitted to all of the multiplicity of cars and such a floor is served by a car which approaches the floor earlier than any other cars.
  • One method to overcome the above-mentioned problem of the conventional control device for a multiplicity of cars may be to provide means for indicating to the waiting passengers earlier an expected arrival of a car.
  • a service zone is allotted to each car which service zone is changed at each moment according to the changing traffic situation, and in addition there is provided at each floor a guide means for indicating a car expected to serve the floor.
  • the term service zone as used in this specification means an area hall calls from which a car is able to answer.
  • a floor from which a hall call is generated is included in one of the service zones of the cars, so that that hall call is transmitted only to that car the service zone of which includes such a floor, whereby the particular car to which the hall call is transmitted serves the'particular floor.
  • the service zone of each car includes an area from the floor at which the car is positioned to the floor at which the preceding car is positioned and is changed at each moment in accordance with the operating conditions of the cars.
  • a car which is expected to serve a particular floor from which a hall call is generated is determined at the time when the hall call is generated. Therefore, if that fact is indicated to waiting passengers by means of guide means, the waiting passengers do not have to take the trouble of watching all the cars, thereby eliminating the congested situation on each landing.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an elevator control device which is capable of improving the operating efficiency of an elevator system including a multiplicity of cars by shortening the average car waiting time.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an elevator control device with a reliable guide means, taking into consideration the necessity to inform waiting passengers of expected car arrival as soon as possible.
  • the maximum size of the service zone of each car is limited thereby to prevent the car from answering a hall call generated from a floor beyond that limitation.
  • FIG. I is a diagram for explaining the operation of elevator cars A, B and C as an example serving a 10- storied building and employing the elevator control device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a circuit for detecting the spatial interval between car A of FIG. I and the succeeding car, a like means being provided for every car;
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a circuit for counting the number of average hall calls to be answered by cars A to C;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a circuit for generating reference voltages used in comparators for the circuit of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a circuit for determining the time interval for car A, a like circuit being provided for each car;
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a circuit for making a decision on whether or not to answer a hall call for car A, a like circuit being provided for each car;
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a circuit for interlocking the circuits after it is determined which car is to answer a hall call;
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a circuit for determining the priority in which the cars are required to answer a hall call
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a circuit for driving a guide means for car A, a like circuit being provided for each car;
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a guide means for informing waiting passengers that car A is ready to serve them, a like means being provided for each car;
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a circuit corresponding to the circuit of FIG. 7 for another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a circuit for detecting the operating condition of car A by means of the load in its cage according to an embodiment of the invention, a like circuit being provided for each car;
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a circuit for detecting the number of hall calls from each of the four areas ZCl to ZC4 in another embodiment of the invention into which the 10 floors of the building are divided;
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a circuit for calculating the number of average hall calls from each floor in the embodiment of FIG. 15;
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a circuit for detecting the traffic demand of area ZCl in the embodiment of FIG. 15, a like circuit being provided for each area;
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a circuit corresponding to the circuit of FIG. 7 for making a decision on whether or not to answer a hall call for car A in the embodiment of FIG. 15, a like circuit being provided for each car.
  • car A Since car A is required to serve hall calls from the second to 9th floors for upward movement, too, the succeeding car B may outrun car A by the time car A arrives at the 10th floor for down service. In spite of that, car B passes the 10th floor without stopping there since it has not answered the hall call from the 10th floor. For this reason, the passengers waiting at the 10th floor for downward movement must experience great inconvenience in awaiting the arrival of car A for a long time.
  • FIG. 2 A circuit for detecting the spatial interval between car A and a succeeding car is shown in FIG. 2.
  • reference symbols F lUA to F9UA show position signals issued when car A is moving up at the first to 9th floors respectively
  • symbols FlUB to F9UB position signals produced when car B is moving up at the respective floors symbols FZDB t0 FIODB position signals produced when car B is moving down at the respective floors
  • symbols OlUAl to O9UA2 and O2DA1 to OlODA2 OR elements symbols IlUA to I9'UA and I2DA to ll0DA inhibit elements, r and r resistors, and symbols da a signal indicating the spatial interval between car A and a succeeding car.
  • the position signal F8UA for car A is transmitted through the loop F8UA-O8UA1I I8UA-O7UA1 I3UAO2UAl-I2UA.
  • the position signal F2UB for car B is in the state of l and therefore the inhibit element IZUA is in an inhibited state through the loop F2UB-O2UA2I2UA.
  • the output signal of the inhibit element I2UA is 0, preventing the signal from being applied to the following stages.
  • V 10 V is obtained by properly selecting the value of resistor R
  • the output of the operational amplifier is divided properly by the variable resistors R and R thereby to produce reference voltages V, and V
  • the number CA of hall calls to be answered by car A which is obtained by the circuit of FIG. 3 is added to the average number of ball calls obtained from the circuit of FIG. 4 in the operational amplifier OPAl thereby to obtain the output of the operational amplifier OPAI shown by the equation VOPA2 (CA+C) CA /3 (CA+CB+CC) 3.
  • the output of the operational amplifier OPA2 is expressed as omz a 7 VOPAI a a da 4-
  • VOPAQ 5 V the inputs of 5 V and 5 V are applied to the comparator CMAI and therefore it produces an output of I
  • the comparator CMA2 produces an output of 0 upon receipt of -5 V and 4 V.
  • the comparators CMAl and CMA2 determine the time interval for each car depending on the operat ing condition thereof and produces signals EOA to E2A as required.
  • FIG. 7 A circuit for deciding on whether or not to answer a hall call on the basis of the position signal for car A and the signal representing the time interval of car A is shown in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 8 A circuit for interlocking the circuits after the determination as to which of the cars to answer the hall call is illustrated in FIG. 8, while the circuit of FIG. 9 determines the priority in which the cars are to answer the hall call.
  • reference symbols AlUAl to A9UA4 and A2DA1 to ADA4 show AND elements, symbols 01UA3 to 09UA8 and 02DA3 to 010DA8 OR elements, INlUAl to IN9UA4 and IN2DAI to IN10DA4 inhibit elements, symbols 1U to 9U and 2D to 10D the output signals produced from the circuits comprising the OR elements as shown in FIG.
  • the output from the OR element 02UA3 constitutes the only input to the OR element 02UA4 for car A, while the OR elements 02UB4 and 02UC4 for cars B and C receive respectively the two inputs from OR elements 02UB3 and 02UC4 and from OR elements 02UA4 and 02UB4. In this way, the priority is determined in which a hall call is answered by a plurality of cars, if any, which may be located at the same floor.
  • This priority of order must take into consideration the order in which the cars are required to start in the case of the first floor, in which case the car starting first may be given the top priority.
  • the service zone of car A includes the 4th floor up to the IOth floor down, while the succeeding car has the service zone of the second floor down to the third floor up.
  • efficient service to the waiting passengers by each car is achieved by setting a provisional position of each car in addition to its actual position depending upon the operating condition of the whole system.
  • each car is systematically related to the other cars to achieve efficient operation of the elevator system.
  • car A is required to answer any hall calls which may have been issued from the second or third floor, a will be explained more in detail later.
  • car C has a small number of hall calls to be answered, it may soon outrun car A.
  • car A it is uncertain which of the cars will first arrive at the 9th floor for upward service or at the th floor for downward service.
  • car A it is determined that car A should serve the 9th or 10th floor as soon as hall calls are produced from them for upward or downward service respectively in the operating state of FIG. I.
  • FIG. 13 A circuit corresponding to the circuit of FIG. 7 according to another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 13.
  • a day may be divided into the four periods of time, i.e. morning rush hours, evening rush hours, intermediate hours and lunch time in accordance with the traffic demand.
  • morning rush hours demand is high for up service, while there are many down hall calls during the evening rush hours.
  • a cafeteria is situated at the 8th floor, there will be great demand for upward movement to the 8th floor during the lunch time.
  • meetings or conventions there will be heavy demand for car service to that floor where there is a hall for the meeting.
  • switch signals S1, S2 and S3 are 5, 6 and 7 floors respectively.
  • switch signal S1 When traffic demand is heavy, the service zone is limited by switch signal S1, while switch signal S2 may be used to limit the service zone during the hours of small traffic demand.
  • switch signal S4 When demand for up service is heavy as during the morning rush hours, switch signal S4 is effectively used whereby the maximum size of service zone for upward movement is made small while that for downward travel is enlarged.
  • switch signal S5 is advantageously used to lessening the service zones for cars directed to the 8th floor while enlarging the service zone for those cars which travel in the other direction.
  • the operating condition of each car is detected on the basis of the interval between car A and the succeeding car and also the number of calls to be answered by car A.
  • the operating condition of each car is detected on the basis of the weight of the load in the car i.e. the net load.
  • FIG. 15 A circuit for detecting the traffic demand of each area on the basis of the number of hall calls issued therefrom is shown in FIG. 15.
  • signals ZCll to 2C4! are obtained by applying hall call signals I'ICIIU to I-IC9U and IICZD to PICWD in the manner shown.
  • the AND element A2UA1 of FIG. 19 is put into the state of 1 which signal is applied through the OR elements O2UA3, O2UA5, and inhibit elements IN2UA2 and IN2UA3.
  • the signal from the inhibit element IN2UA2 is applied to similar elements for the third to 8th floors in sequence. while the signal from the inhibit element for the 8th floor is further applied to the inhibit element IN9UAI and then to IN9UA2 and INIODAI in that order. Since car 8 is located at the 10th floor for down movement, signal IOD is produced from a circuit for the 10th floor similar to the circuit of FIG. 9. This signal 10D is applied to the OR element O10DA6 of FIG.
  • limit signal GlODA is produced thereby to prevent the output of the inhibit element INIODAl, thus preventing the signal from being applied to the following stages.
  • the service zone of car A is determined as the second floor up to the 9th floor up.
  • the present invention is of course not limited to the case in which a l0-storied building is served with three elevator cars, as already explained. It should also be noted that according to the invention the forward extension of service zone is limited by applying to AND

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)
US00352480A 1972-04-19 1973-04-18 Elevator control device Expired - Lifetime US3857465A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3863072A JPS545583B2 (xx) 1972-04-19 1972-04-19
JP4907372A JPS545579B2 (xx) 1972-05-19 1972-05-19
JP5171872A JPS5340777B2 (xx) 1972-05-26 1972-05-26

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US3857465A true US3857465A (en) 1974-12-31

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US00352480A Expired - Lifetime US3857465A (en) 1972-04-19 1973-04-18 Elevator control device

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US (1) US3857465A (xx)
AU (1) AU462540B2 (xx)
CA (1) CA980028A (xx)
FR (1) FR2180949B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1433941A (xx)
HK (1) HK76376A (xx)
PH (1) PH9501A (xx)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4487293A (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-12-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Elevator/hatch controller platform leveling logic with safety features
US4536842A (en) * 1982-03-31 1985-08-20 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha System for measuring interfloor traffic for group control of elevator cars
US4792019A (en) * 1988-02-12 1988-12-20 Otis Elevator Company Contiguous floor channeling with up hall call elevator dispatching
FR2616764A1 (fr) * 1987-06-17 1988-12-23 Kone Elevator Gmbh Procede de repartition en zones d'un groupe d'ascenseurs
US4846311A (en) * 1988-06-21 1989-07-11 Otis Elevator Company Optimized "up-peak" elevator channeling system with predicted traffic volume equalized sector assignments
US4947965A (en) * 1988-02-03 1990-08-14 Hitachi, Ltd. Group-control method and apparatus for an elevator system with plural cages
US5022497A (en) * 1988-06-21 1991-06-11 Otis Elevator Company "Artificial intelligence" based crowd sensing system for elevator car assignment
US5024295A (en) * 1988-06-21 1991-06-18 Otis Elevator Company Relative system response elevator dispatcher system using artificial intelligence to vary bonuses and penalties
US5239142A (en) * 1990-05-10 1993-08-24 Kone Elevator Gmbh Selection of an elevator for service based on passenger location and elevator travel time
EP0662443A2 (en) * 1994-01-10 1995-07-12 Otis Elevator Company Elevator swing car assignment to plural groups
US20060196734A1 (en) * 2003-08-06 2006-09-07 Labarre Robert Elevator traffic control
US9440818B2 (en) 2014-01-17 2016-09-13 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Corporation Elevator swing operation system and method
CN109160395A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-01-08 三峡大学 一种电梯动态调度的群控方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3685618A (en) * 1970-01-16 1972-08-22 Hitachi Ltd A floor selector for an elevator car
US3729066A (en) * 1970-07-03 1973-04-24 T Iwasaka Elevator control apparatus

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3685618A (en) * 1970-01-16 1972-08-22 Hitachi Ltd A floor selector for an elevator car
US3729066A (en) * 1970-07-03 1973-04-24 T Iwasaka Elevator control apparatus

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4536842A (en) * 1982-03-31 1985-08-20 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha System for measuring interfloor traffic for group control of elevator cars
US4487293A (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-12-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Elevator/hatch controller platform leveling logic with safety features
FR2616764A1 (fr) * 1987-06-17 1988-12-23 Kone Elevator Gmbh Procede de repartition en zones d'un groupe d'ascenseurs
US4947965A (en) * 1988-02-03 1990-08-14 Hitachi, Ltd. Group-control method and apparatus for an elevator system with plural cages
US4792019A (en) * 1988-02-12 1988-12-20 Otis Elevator Company Contiguous floor channeling with up hall call elevator dispatching
US4846311A (en) * 1988-06-21 1989-07-11 Otis Elevator Company Optimized "up-peak" elevator channeling system with predicted traffic volume equalized sector assignments
US5022497A (en) * 1988-06-21 1991-06-11 Otis Elevator Company "Artificial intelligence" based crowd sensing system for elevator car assignment
US5024295A (en) * 1988-06-21 1991-06-18 Otis Elevator Company Relative system response elevator dispatcher system using artificial intelligence to vary bonuses and penalties
US5239142A (en) * 1990-05-10 1993-08-24 Kone Elevator Gmbh Selection of an elevator for service based on passenger location and elevator travel time
EP0662443A2 (en) * 1994-01-10 1995-07-12 Otis Elevator Company Elevator swing car assignment to plural groups
EP0662443A3 (en) * 1994-01-10 1996-01-24 Otis Elevator Co Allocation of an interchangeable elevator car to several groups.
SG91792A1 (en) * 1994-01-10 2002-10-15 Otis Elevator Co Elevator swing car assignment to plural groups
US20060196734A1 (en) * 2003-08-06 2006-09-07 Labarre Robert Elevator traffic control
US7487861B2 (en) 2003-08-06 2009-02-10 Otis Elevator Company Elevator traffic control
US9440818B2 (en) 2014-01-17 2016-09-13 Thyssenkrupp Elevator Corporation Elevator swing operation system and method
CN109160395A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-01-08 三峡大学 一种电梯动态调度的群控方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2319440A1 (de) 1973-10-25
AU5461673A (en) 1974-10-24
AU462540B2 (en) 1975-06-26
HK76376A (en) 1976-12-10
GB1433941A (en) 1976-04-28
FR2180949A1 (xx) 1973-11-30
DE2319440B2 (de) 1977-04-21
CA980028A (en) 1975-12-16
FR2180949B1 (xx) 1977-09-02
PH9501A (en) 1976-01-09

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